Kolkata

Dum Dum (ward 21 & 22), Kolkata

Re-emerging Localities of the Indian City in the Covid/Post-covid era
Arkadipta Banerjee | SPA/NS/UD/857| MUD Sem III
Contents

Introduction of Locality and City

Stakeholder identification, participatory tools and methods

Stakeholder-based findings and analysis

Prioritized set of issues and SDGs with vision

Participatory and Co-design Methods for Locality Design Action Plan

LDAP Demonstration

Conclusion
Locality - relationship with the city

HMV factory

Jessop’s factory

Map of Kolkata

Ordinance factory

Upcoming metro
Metro station
Rail station
City level nodes
Arterial roads Towards Newtown,
Rajarhat
Railway line
Towards Kolkata
Canal Map showing various neighbourhoods in the locality
Stakeholder identification, participatory tools and methods
Stakeholder mapping
Land ownership Occupation
Stakeholder identification, participatory tools and methods
Stakeholder matrix
Ethnicity

Residents Para Elderly

Colony Middle age
Bustee Youth
Children

Commercial Formal shops Municipality shop renters Male

Private shop owners Female
Fish/ vegetable sellers

Informal shops
Chaiwalas, panwalas
Hawkers
Service Rikshaw puller
providers Domestic help

Political Ward councillor

representative

Industrial Factory workers

Stakeholder identification, participatory tools and methods Digital format ( Google forms )
Participatory methods
Face to face semi structured interviews

SUMITRA ROY | CHANDAN DAS| SHANKARI MONDAL| AMITAVA ROY | AGE SHURAWARDI |
AGE – 72 AGE – 62 AGE – 37 – 75 AGE – 34
RETIRED PERSON TEA LEAF DEALER FACTORY WORKER RETIRED PERSON FISH SELLER

No. of people interviewed-20

KALI | AGE – 45 JAMAL | AGE – 58 ABHOY | AGE – 43
VEGETABLE SELLER FISH SELLER
Shri. Prafulla kumar Pal
Ward no. – 22
Constituency – Dum Dum
Stakeholders targeted No. of respondents - 94
Residents (from different paras) , Stakeholders targeted
fish and vegetable seller, auto
Residents of all paras except the bustees – male + female – elderly, middle age, youth,
rikshaw driver, toto / manual
children.
TOTO DRIVER rikshaw driver, panwalas.
Shopkeepers, carpenters,
Focused Group Discussion
Smt. Debika Roy
Ward no. – 21 No. of attendees- 23
Constituency – Dum Dum
Stakeholders targeted

Factory Workers, School Car Pool

Drivers, Chai & Pan Wallahs, Painters,
Welders, Mechanics, Electricians and
Homemakers (Mostly migrants)

Walks

No. of walks- 4 Residents of bustees, municipal shop owners/ renters and

hawkers/ vendors
Stakeholders targeted
Stakeholder-based Findings and Analysis
Territoriality - formation of hegemonic neighbourhoods (paras) Formal and informal shop owners (at mall road)
• Informal shop (tea sellers, pan wallahs, food stalls, vegetable hawkers )
Degree of familiarity between paras
face thefts frequently. They cannot make a formal setting due to the fear
• The paras have a hegemonic of getting evicted. Aspires to make their shops ‘pakka’ and organised if
characteristic in terms of class they get registration from the municipality.
and occupation • Municipality shop owners (beside the drain) faces drainage issues. “
• The residents of the paras with Every 2 – 3 years the municipality raises the road and all the water
similar income group have a drains into the shops and we face a huge loss”
higher rate of familiarity among
each other but not across all
income groups except domestic
services.

• Mall road not a place for

“Bhadralok” anymore –
residents of Bengali
ethnicity belonging to the
Anandalok
middle or upper class has a
Shantikunj

strife with people belonging

to other ethnicity and lower
Aamtala

Patel nagar East mall

economic group.
Mall pally

Metro gulli

Hindustani bustee
Christian colony

Nepali bastee

Morning market – mall road Drain at the back of the municipality shops
Stakeholder-based Findings and Analysis
Formal and informal shop owners (at mall road)

• The coming up of departmental stores on Jessore road and vip road

is pulling the middle class residents as a result of which the grocery
shopkeepers are facing losses.
• Aspires mall road to become ‘ clean and organised ‘ with footpaths.
New drainage channels to drain off the water to the main drains.
• Parking of municipal garbage vans taking up a lot of space of the
vegetable hawkers.
• “ The spill from the open garbage vat is affecting the businesses of
the shop owners right beside it. Customers are not willing to come Misused park infront of Ajay mandir (temple)
because of the dirt and the smell. Some of the shopkeepers have • Mall road needs to be widened in order to accommodate more cars.
faced heavy losses and shut down their shops. “ • Park infront of the Ajay mandir has become a breeding ground for anti social activities.

Open garbage vat in mall road acting as an unpleasant area

Stakeholder-based Findings and Analysis PUBLIC
PARKING BY
FACTORY Factory GACCH TALA
TAP
Bustee residents WORKERS

• Male youth tending to be outside their settlement whereas female

youth are found at the front of their houses
• The youth does not take pride when it comes to their bustee.
• Sense of community is high within the residents of a single
cluster but not across all clusters.
• women are skilled and aspires to work if the work centre is
nearby their house.
• Strife between bustee dwellers and landlord
• Children and elderly spending time around the temple or on the Narrow alley inside Hindustani bustee
extended plinth outside their dwelling units, within the boundaries Hindustani bustee and factory interface
of their bustee cluster.

Electrical wires causing problems to the residents

Aam tala bustee (street elevation – outdoor extended plinths acting as social spaces in the evening)
TOILET PUBLIC GACCH TALA PUBLIC TAP TEMPLE ROAD
( WOMEN) TAP

Hindustani bustee (section – disposition of activities inside the bustee) Bustee locations Poor sanitation design
Prioritized sets of issues - problems and prospects
Open garbage vat + shopkeepers
Issue mapping facing losses

Unused bus stop + informal shops

facing regular thefts + in fear of
getting evicted + bus stand issue

Bastee not getting land ownership

Drainage issue (shopkeeper) +

unorganised hawkers + lack of
walking and sitting space + no
Drainage issues during public toilet provision
monsoon

Unsafe passage during the evening

+ illegal Waste dumping +
antisocial activities

Encroachment of canal by gated

colonies and new residences

Ground getting formalised sports

centre – a place for people who can
only pay for it

Water overflow from canal during

monsoon + inadequate infrastructural
provision + lack of play space for
children + poor living condition (cant
increase habitable space)
LDAG
Vision
“ To create a socially equitable and economic development by
strengthening the publicness of Mall road acting as a connector
between the fragmented neighbourhoods while improving the
infrastructural facilities of the area. “
Objective
• Connect - to redesign the public realm and mobility systems to
improve access to transit and active spaces.
• Rejuvenate – To re-envision exiting spines as a catalyst to boost
commercial activities
• Integrate – To enhance social interdependencies across all social
groups.
Strategy
• To develop a pedestrian friendly area and organised hawking zone in
continuation to a vibrant market street ( mall road ).
• To create a more equitable condition to reduce social exclusion among
social groups.
• To provide public sanitation facilities in the commercial stretch.
• To provide alternative economic opportunities for the lower income
groups
• To provide recreational spaces for the youth.
• To redevelop existing city-Neighbourhood level transportation links.
SDG 6 Clean Water And Sanitation
6.2 By 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation,
paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations
6.A By 2030, expand international cooperation and capacity-building support to developing countries in water-
and sanitation-related activities and programmes, including water harvesting, desalination, water efficiency,
wastewater treatment, recycling and reuse technologies
SDG 8 Decent Work And Economic Growth
8.2 Achieve higher levels of economic productivity through diversification, technological upgrading and
innovation, including through a focus on high-value added and labour-intensive sectors
8.6 By 2020, substantially reduce the proportion of youth not in employment, education or training
SDG 10 Reduced Inequalities
10.2 By 2030, empower and promote the social, economic and political inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex,
disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status
SDG 11 Sustainable Cities And Communities
11.1 By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade
slums
11.2 By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving
road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable
situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons
11.7 By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular
for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities
Participatory and Co-design Methods for Locality Design Action Plan
A
Group composition

Mr. Tapan Dutta President of RWA (Shantikunja)

F
B
Mrs. Debika Roy Ward Councillor (Ward no – 22)
H
Mr. Prafulla Kr. Pal Ward Councillor (Ward no – 21) E

Mr. Shurawardi Member of the Bazar committee

G
Mr. Ranjit Prasad President of RWA (Hindustani bustee)

C
Mr. Abhoy Mandol Member of the Rikshaw union
D

Aspiration and feedback

• Need for walkable, clean streets with shades and pause points
• More accessible green spaces for children and elderly
• Needs more variety of commercial setting
• Alternative livelihood options for the bustee
• Better public sanitation system and design
• Proper drainage channel A B C D
• Rehabilitation of slum dwellers
• Better space planning for bus stand area
• Cleaner and organised market street (mall road)
• Recreational space for the youth
• Need for canal to be pollution free
• Traffic calming measures at nodes. E F G H
Participatory and Co-design Methods for Locality Design Action Plan Informal shops Hawkers Reclaimed street+ Footpath Hawkers
High wall Public toilet Reclaimed street+ Open garbage vat to have a Footpath + seating
Footpath + seating threshold so that it doesn’t spill out

Parallel drainage channel

Main drain
Edge to be redefined Shops + seating
Informal shops with lockers + Edge needs to be modified for Space for recreational with newer functions
more sitting with proper shade
Footpath Rikshaw stand Bus stand with shade Public toilet activities space + play ground
and seating hawkers and pedestrians
Vision Reorganising movement networks

“ To create a socially equitable and economic development by

strengthening the publicness of Mall road acting as a connector
between the fragmented neighbourhoods while improving the
infrastructural facilities of the area. “

Urban Design Moves

New recreational + commercial functions are introduced

near the slums and connected to mall road.

Creating a pedestrian friendly street by assigning

dedicated hawking zones along the commercial stretch
while creating shaded areas and pause points

Integrating public toilets with existing infrastructural units

like waste dumping vats or water pumping stations which
will further strengthen it.

Introducing newer functions such as teaching coaching

centres, art schools or mask weaving workshops at the
entrance of the paras which will create an
interdependency across all paras and reduce the
hegemonic character of paras
Major arterial road NMT + pedestrian Bus stands
Integrating informal shops with bus stops + rikshaw
stand to strengthen the node (at Ordinance factory,
routes with
Mrinalini cinema hall more and central jail more )
Vehicular routes with proposed
proposed interventions interventions NMT stands
Redevelopment of commercial spine Proposed Open space system

Creating a pedestrian friendly street by New recreational + commercial functions Introducing new functions to improve the Insertion of pocket parks along the mall road
assigning dedicated hawking zones along are introduced near the slums and usage of open spaces and making them to increase the available accessible green
the commercial stretch while creating connected to mall road. multifunctional and accessible open space
shaded areas and pause points
Proposed Amenities spaces Proposed structure plan

Nodes to be
Strengthened

Landmark

Introducing newer functions such as coaching Integrating public toilets with

Anchors
centres, skill development centre or workshops at the existing infrastructural Major arterial road NMT + pedestrian Bus stands
entrance of the paras or using clubs/ abandoned system which will further routes with
buildings which will create an interdependency across strengthen it. Vehicular routes with proposed Design demonstration
proposed interventions interventions NMT stands stretch
all neighborhoods
Tactical Design 1. Nodes (micro level)
Road pavement
changed at junctions to
avoid accidents.
Raised platform or
plazas are created
3 infront of the existing
temples to attract
informal activities.
Rerouting of traffic for
1+2 political events or
festivals. Adequate
parking space added.
3
4+5 Waste dumping vat
relocated to available
space + public toilet
integrated with pump
2+4 stations.
2. Bazar street
5 4+5 Pedestrian and
2+3 vehicular segregation
by the addition of
5 walkways with sitting
spaces. Public toilet
1+2+4+5 integrated with chai
3+4+5 shops. Parklets added
which will be used by
hawkers in the morning
and residents in the
1+5
evening. Parallel
drainage channels
added. Intermediate
spaces made for
building entrances.
Tactical Design 3. Nodes (meso level)
Bus stand reoriented, made
into a shaded plaza with
seating spaces and integrated
with informal shops and NMV
station. Wide footpath added
3
to reduce overcrowding
situation.

1+2
4. Neighbourhood entrance point

3
Underutilised spaces used to
4+5
integrate education hubs
(coaching centres) and
vocational training centres
with shaded plaza in the font
2+4 to accommodate hawking
zone or informal vending. This
5 4+5
will act as visual markers for
2+3
the entrance of each
neighbourhoods (paras).
5

5. Parks and green spaces

1+2+4+5
Narrow strips of land being reclaimed from
3+4+5
the parks which is abutting the wider street to
accommodate seating space for the elderly
and informal vending (fuchka stalls, chai stall,
1+5 food stall) with an avenue of trees added to
strengthen the edge and for shading purpose.
Club houses reimagined to accommodate skill
development centres and viewing decks.
In the case of parks less than 200 sqm,
boundary walls around parks can be made
into sitting and hawking space.
Stretch Development Accident prone Dum Dum medical Underbuilt Derelict factory lands Conditioned park Unutilised park + Opening
Existing stretch condition node centre with inadequate municipality shops waiting to be space antisocial activities garbage
ambulance parking + developed into real dumping area
no waiting area estate

Section Mrinalini’r more Municipality shops Water tank Playground Ajay mandir
Stretch Development 10.
Proposed Stretch
Existing bylaws

4.
8.
9.
5. 7.
3. 4.
6.
2.
Urban design guidelines
4.
• Mixed land use or commercial land use with a plot size
above 2500 sq m can accommodate transformation of
existing typology into podium tower model where the
lower base will accommodate commercial usage upto 2
to 3 floors built to edge and above can constitute
residential use. These plots should abut a means of
access more than 15m – the applicant will get extra FAR
upto 3.
• Corner plots will accommodate offices/ hotels/ retails
with max height of 12 floors built to edge condition. 10.
1. Proposed Commercial complex with parking + walkway
4.
2. Redevelopment of municipality commercial typology
3. Proposed bus stand + informal shops
4. Proposed crosswalk (traffic calming measure) 8.
5. Proposed parking plus waiting area for health centre 9.
6. Proposed parking for residential 1. 7..
7. NMV station
8. Proposed vocational skill development centre 4.
9. Proposed park
10. Proposed public toilet + temple plaza Proposed Masterplan Spot development
Stretch Development

Before After
Stretch Development
Edge at mrinalinir more

Before

After
Conclusion

Community aspirations and feedbacks Related SDGs

• Need for walkable, clean streets with shades and pause points

• More accessible green spaces for children and elderly SDG 11

• Needs more variety of commercial setting “ The SDGs aim to put forward a people
SDG 8 centric approach to development and
• Alternative livelihood options for the bustee
with the help of the 4 SDGs, a structured
• Proper drainage channel way of achieving a resilient and
SDG 6
• Better public sanitation system and design sustainable development model has
been proposed to achieve a socially
• Rehabilitation of slum dwellers (for the ones who does not have a pattas) equitable and economically sustainable
• Better space planning for bus stand area
framework by taking care of its
infrastructural adequacies and
• Cleaner and organised market street (mall road – post covid planning) SDG 11 strengthening the publicness of mall
• Recreational space for the youth road. “
• Traffic calming measures at nodes during peak hours

• Increasing liveability for lower income group neighbourhoods SDG 10