Grade 10 Life sciences November paper 2 Memorandum

1.1.1. C
1.1.2. B
1.1.3. D
1.1.4. A
1.1.5. A
1.1.5. B
1.1.6. D
1.1.7. A
1.1.8. D
1.1.9 C
1.1.10. D /22/

1.2.1. Vacuole
1.2.2. Merristematic/Cambium
1.2.3. Propogation
1.2.4. Paleontology
1.2.5. Guttation
1.2.6. Vacuole/Cytoplasm/Protoplasm
1.2.7. ATP/Mitochondria
1.2.8. Cell sap
1.2.9. Transport proteins /9/

1.3.1. A only
1.3.2. Both
1.3.3. Both
1.3.4. A only
1.3.5. B only /10/

1.4.1. Grassland OR food source OR Dry/Warm Enviornment (1)

1.4.2. They need to have access to the grasslands whether in mountains or below
ANY JUSTIFICATION (2)

1.4.3. Replaced by crops, pastures or plantations of trees (3)

1.4.4. They can no longer live and breed in the areas where people have removed (2)
their habitat

1.4.5. Keeps control of insects/Frogs (1)

1.4.6. ANY TWO WAYS WE CAN ASSIST THEM TO CONTINUE WITH (2)
SURVIVAL

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Grade 10 Life sciences November paper 2 Memorandum

2.1.1. A-Outer membrane/Double membrane

B-inner membrane/cristae (2)

2.1.2. mitochondrion (1)

2.1.3. Cellular respiration/Produces ATP (1)

2.1.4. Produce energy (1)

2.1.5. Matrix (1)

2.2.1. a. cell membrane

b. fluid mosaic model/Lipid Bilayer
c. semi permeable/Permeability
d. It signals to other molecules/Prevents entry of pathogens (4)

2.2.2. a. support or rigidity

b. cell wall
c. cellulose (3)

2.2.3. nucleus
contains genetic information, controls cellular processes (3)

2.2.4. Is involved in spindle formation during meiosis (2)

2.2.5. Stores pigments or stores water/Lipids/Starch or Gives Shape/Support (1)

2.3.1. A (1)

2.3.2. They will be randomly arranged OR will have recombinant pieces (1)

2.3.3. 2 (1)

2.3.4. Introduces variation

Produces sex cells
Halves chromosome number (2)
TWO ONLY

2.3.5. Meiosis 1 Mitosis

Crossing over No crossing over
Line up in pairs Single file
Variation No variation
 for each difference (MAX three differences)
 for table (7)

2.4.1. water moving through a semi permeable membrane from a region of high to
low water potential (3)

2.4.2. Salty/Concentrated/Solute/Sugar solution (1)

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Grade 10 Life sciences November paper 2 Memorandum

2.4.3. Yes little water has moved out and this indicates that it is about equal (3)

2.4.4. 4 water moved in (2)

3.1.1. 71-75 (1)

3.1.2. To ensure there is no bias and to ensure that the results are valid Anything
else which makes sense/Accuracy/Reliability/Easy to do/Variations in results (2)

3.1.3. Shai he used more plants (2)

3.1.4. Decide on the type of plant

Decide on the area
Decide on the method of random sampling
learn how to use the equipment
Any other
TWO only (2)

3.1.5. Same type of plant

Same measuring technique
Same environment
ANY THREE (3)

3.1.6.
Variation in the number of sunflower plants on a field
60

50
number of plants

40

30

20

10

0
51-55 56-60 61-70 71-75 76-80
Intervals

Shai Darren

Key
type
Plotting
 width of bars
(9)

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Grade 10 Life sciences November paper 2 Memorandum

3.2.1. They can project in between the soil particles and get water/Thin
walled/Large Vacuoles for water/Permeable/No cuticle (2)

3.2.2. cortex (1)`

3.2.3. a. endodermis
b. casparian strip. It is a band of suberin which is waterproof/Causes water
to move around strip and into xylem (4)

3.2.4.

Heading (Phloem)
 4 labels
(5)
3.2.5. support and transport

3.3.1. stoma (1)

3.3.2. Guard cells (1)

3.3.3. Potassium ions will move into the guard cell causing water potential to
decrease which will cause the water to rush in and the guard cell will become (3)
turgid ANY THREE

3.3.4. Oxygen and carbon dioxide (2)

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Grade 10 Life sciences November paper 2 Memorandum

4.1.1. 230 mya (1)

4.1.2. Cretaceous (1)

4.1.3. 65 mya (1)

4.1.4. They have a nucleoid region and no membrane bound organelles (2)

4.1.5. Has transport tissues (2)

4.1.6. +-90 mya anywhere between 85-95 (2)

4.2. How they are formed ✓h

A skeleton is buried under sand✓ and water✓ in layers. Over
many years, the pressure✓ caused by layers above gradually
compress the mud and sand✓ until it forms rock✓. Organic
materials✓ are replaced by minerals✓This explains how
fossils get inside rocks✓. When erosion occurs✓ fossils are
exposed and discovered✓ MAX5

Preservation✓p
They can be preserved by these methods:
• Hard parts unaltered✓
• Spaces replaced with minerals✓ this is
permineralization✓
• Replacement in which original tissues are completely
replaced ✓ by new minerals✓
• Compression✓ where it is squashed flat✓ so most of
the water and organic compounds are driven off ✓
leaving a thin film of carbon✓
• Moulds or casts✓ formed after sediment hardens to
rock✓
• Freezing✓
• Preserved in a tar pit✓
• Embedded in amber✓MAX3
R and L mark also apply

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