Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

TIME: 2 ½ HOURS MARKS: 150

INSTRUCTIONS

o Answer ALL questions

o Answer Sections A, B & C in the Answer Book

o Draw a right hand margin on each page to facilitate marking

o Start each main question on a new page

o Write your NAME on the Question Paper and hand in separately

o Make sure your numbering is precise and clear

o Make sure your answers are concise, logical and neat

o Check the mark allocation for each question and write accordingly

This paper consists of 16 pages including the coversheet

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

SECTION A
QUESTION 1

1.1 Various possibilities are given as answers to the following questions.

Answer by writing ONLY the letter of the most correct answer on your foolscap provided.

QUESTIONS 1.1.1 AND 1.1.2 REFER TO THE INVESTIGATION BELOW.

An investigation was conducted to determine the effect of alcohol on
reaction time.

The procedure was as follows:

o Fifty adult volunteers were used.

o Their reaction times were measured at the beginning of the investigation.
o They were each given alcohol to drink.
o Their reaction times were measured again after 30 minutes.

1.1.1 What is the independent variable in the investigation above?

A Number of volunteers
B Time after drinking alcohol
C Reaction time
D Alcohol in the body

1.1.2 Which of the following would be used as a control for this investigation?

A Fifty adult volunteers were used

B Their reaction times were measured at the beginning of the investigation
before any alcohol was consumed
C 500ml of alcohol was consumed
D Their reaction times were measured again after 30 minutes
[

1.1.3 Which of the following effects DOES NOT OCCUR when the concentration of carbon
dioxide increases in the blood?

(i) the medulla oblongata of the brain is stimulated

(ii) the impulse is sent to the heart and breathing muscles
(iii) speed up conversion of glucose into glycogen
(iv) adrenal gland secrete less aldosterone
(v) increase the rate of depth of breathing

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

A i ; ii;and iii
B iii and iv only
C ii ; iii and iv
D i; ii; and v

1.1.4 Cell X contains 24 chromosomes. It undergoes the first meiotic division to form cells
Y and Z.

Which of the following is correct with regards to cell Z?

A It will contain 24 single stranded chromosomes

B It will contain 12 single stranded chromosomes
C It will contain 24 double stranded chromosomes
D It will contain 12 double stranded chromosomes

1.1.5. Inorganic compounds (are low energy substances) and can be classified as …
A water, glucose and fats
B water, salts and gases
C carbohydrates, fats and proteins
D carbohydrates, lipids and proteins

1.1.6. Which of the following combinations are TRUE?

A squamous thin for diffusion in alveoli

B areolar hard for protection haversian systems
C elastic connective tissue elastic for flexibility tendons
D skeletal muscle many nuclei bladder & uterus

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

1.1.7 Osteocytes are small living cells found in

A Blood
B Areolar connective tissue
C Bone tissue
D Hyaline cartilage

1.1.8 The nostrils, trachea and bronchi are lined with …………………… epithelium.
A Stratified
B Cuboidal
C Ciliated columnar
D Squamous

1.1.9 The more active a cell, the greater the number of …………… it contains.
A Nuclei
B Mitochondria
C Chromosomes
D Vacuoles

1.1.10 The diagram below illustrates three forms in which carbohydrates are found in the
human body
F G H

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

Which of the following combinations is correct with respect to F, G and H?

F G H
A starch maltose glucose
B glucose maltose starch
C protein dipeptides amino acids
D cellulose maltose starch 10 x 2 /20/

1.2 WRITE THE CORRECT BIOLOGICAL TERM FOR EACH OF THE FOLLOWING IN
YOUR ANSWER BOOK.
1.2.1 The process when a plant grows toward light

1.2.2 Extracellular signalling molecules that are transported through the blood

1.2.3 A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances

1.2.4 The passive movement of molecules or particles along a concentration gradient

1.2.5 Mammalian tissue that is involved in ciliary action

1.2.6 A chemical reaction in which simpler substances are combined to form more
complex molecules.
1.2.7 Hormone that is secreted when blood sugar levels fall below normal level

1.2.8 Type of transport that requires energy

1.2.9 The part of the brain that is involved with controlling homeostasis

1.2.10 Type of mammalian tissue that is myogenic

/10/

1.3 EACH OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS CONSISTS OF A STATEMENT IN THE

FIRST COLUMN AND TWO ITEMS (A AND B) IN THE SECOND COLUMN.
DECIDE WHICH ITEM/S RELATE/S TO THE STATEMENT.
WRITE YOUR CHOICE ON THE FOOLSCAP BY USING THE FOLLOWING
CODES:
A only if only item A relates to the statement
B only if only item B relates to the statement

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

Both A & B if both items, A and B relate to the statement

NONE if neither of the items relates to the statement

1.3.1 Autotrophs A Organisms that cannot make their own

food
B Use the process of photosynthesis

1.3.2 Stratified squamous epithelium A Contain goblet cells

B Contains a basements membrane

1.3.3 Excretion A Removal of undigested waste

B Removal of metabolic waste products

1.3.4 Cytoplasm A Site of chemical reactions

B Separates to form spindle fibres during cell

division
1.3.5 Glucagon A Secreted by adrenal gland

B Converts glucose into glycogen

5 X 2 /10/

1.4 An investigation was conducted to compare the glucose concentration in the

blood of two people, Mo and Thabiso, before and after ingesting glucose.
The following procedure was followed:
o The glucose concentration in their blood was measured at the start of
the investigation and again 1 hour into the investigation.
o One hour into the investigation each of them was given 50 mℓ of a
glucose solution to drink.
o For the next 4 hours after ingesting the glucose solution the glucose
concentration in their blood was measured every 30 minutes.
The results are shown in the graph below.
The arrows indicate when they drank the glucose solution.
NOTE: The normal glucose concentration in blood is between 80 and
120 mg/100 cm3.

[Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or

no insulin]

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

1.4.1 Provide a suitable title for this graph. (1)

1.4.2 By how much did Thabiso's blood glucose concentration level increase (in
mg/100 cm3) after drinking the glucose solution? Show ALL working. (2)

1.4.3 How long did it take Mo's blood glucose concentration level to return to its
original level after ingesting the glucose solution? (1)

1.4.4 Who (Thabiso or Mo) has diabetes mellitus? (1)

1.4.5 Give a reason for your answer 1.4.4. (1)

1.4.6 Explain the changes in Mo's glucose level during period X. (4)
/10/

TOTAL SECTION A: [50]

SECTION B:
QUESTION 2:
2.1 Study the diagrams of cells and then answer the questions that follow.

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

2.1.1 Identify the type of cells A and B. (2)

2.1.2 Tabulate THREE visible differences between a plant and animal cell. (6)

2.1.3 Supply labels for each of the following:

a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 6
(4)

2.1.4 Give functions for each of the following structures:

a) 2
b) 3
c) 5 (3)

/15/

2.2 The diagram below represents a phase of meiosis. Study the diagram and
answer the questions that follow.

2.2.1 Write down the term that best describes the paired chromosomes labelled A (1)

2.2.2 State a function for label B. (1)

2.2.3 What phase of meiosis is represented in the diagram above? Give a reason for
your answer (2)

2.2.4 What is the diploid number in the cell above? (1)

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

2.2.5 How many chromosomes would there be in each cell at the END OF
MEIOSIS? (1)

2.2.6 Draw a labelled diagram showing the cell above in ANAPHASE 1. (5)

2.2.7 Give TWO reasons why meiosis is an important process in living organisms. (2)

/13/

2.3 The diagrams below show how Futhi was cloned. Study the diagrams and answer the
questions following it.

2.3.1 Provide ONE reason why scientists decided to clone cow LMJC 865? (1)

2.3.2 Which body cell of the Holstein cow was used? (1)

2.3.3 Name the type of cell division that is involved in cloning? (1)

2.3.4 What significant material did the nucleus of the ear cell contain in order
for cloning to occur? (1)

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

2.3.5 State the biological term given for “another cow “into which the new
embryo will grow and develop? (1)

/5/

2.4 The following diagrams illustrate a process through tubing that has a selectively
permeable membrane. Study the diagrams and answer the questions that follow.

Tubing containing a sugar solution Tubing containing water placed in

placed in a beaker with water a beaker with sugar solution

sugar solution

Membrane

water

Figure 1 Figure 2

2.4.1 Briefly describe the direction water will flow in both figures 1 and 2. Simply state
“into” or “out” of the tubing. In each case give a reason for your answer. (4)

2.4.2 Which physiological process is represented above? Give a reason for your answer. (2)

2.4.3 Name ONE structure in the cell where this process takes place. (1)

/7/

TOTAL QUESTION 2: [40]

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

QUESTION 3:
3.1 Observe the photomicrographs or diagrams of various mammalian tissues and answer the
questions that follow.

A B

C D

3.1.1 Identify tissues A – D (4)

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

3.1.2 Write down the LETTER ONLY of the tissue that … (you can use a tissue more than
once).

a) allows for muscle contraction and protection for vital organs

b) lines the blood vessels and alveoli
c) contains mitochondria to provide energy for contractions
d) gives shape and flexibility (4)

3.1.3 List TWO ways in which cartilage is different from bone. (4)

/12/

3.2 The apparatus shown below was used to study the effect of different temperatures
on the activity of the enzyme catalase.

The catalase was added and reacted with the hydrogen peroxide to release
oxygen.

The increase in oxygen compared to the starting value was recorded as a

percentage.

This was carried out at five different temperatures and the results are shown in the
table below.

Temperature (°C) Increase in oxygen (%)

4 0.55
21 0.80
34 1.45
40 1.05
50 0.05

3.2.1 Plot a line graph to show the results in the table above. (5)

3.2.2 At which temperature was the catalase most active? (1)

3.2.3 Explain why there would be no oxygen released when the experiments were
repeated using different enzymes (2)

3.2.4 Explain why the activity dropped at 40°C and even more at 50°C. (2)

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

/10/
3.3 A group of learners set up an experiment to investigate the action of the enzyme
amylase (amylase digests starch) on starch. Each learner used a petri dish with jelly
containing starch.

Four equal-sized wells were cut into the jelly in each dish as shown in the figure
below. The wells were filled with the liquids shown in the table below. These dishes
were covered and kept at 25oC.

Well Liquid
1 Distilled Water

2 Amylase solution

3 Boiled amylase solution

4 Amylase solution plus acid

After 24 hours, iodine solution was poured over the surface of the jelly and drained
off. Iodine solution is a test for starch. It reacts with starch to produce a purple to
blue-black colour. Starch turns blue-black if iodine solution is added to it.

The results of one learner are shown below.

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

3.3.1 Suggest a hypothesis for this experiment (1)

3.3.2 What are the dependent and independent variables? (2)

3.3.3 Suggest a reason why distilled water was put into well 1. (1)

3.3.4 Suggest explanations for the results for wells 2, 3 and 4. (3)

3.3.5 Name TWO factors would need to be kept constant in order to make this experiment
reliable? (2)

3.3.6 What product would be present in the clear area around well 2? (1)

/10/

3.4 The diagram below represents one part of the negative feedback response that occurs
when a person is dehydrated.

The decrease in blood volume, as a result of the excessive loss of water, is detected
by the brain.

3.4.1 Identify the:

(a) Hormone X (1)

(b) Endocrine gland that secretes hormone X (1)

(c) Target organ (1)

3.4.2 Describe the negative feedback response that occurs when a person is dehydrated,
after it has been detected by the brain. (5)

/8/

TOTAL QUESTION 3: [40]

TOTAL SECTION B: [80]

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Grade 10 Life sciences June paper 1

SECTION C:
QUESTION 4:
4. Write an essay on carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Describe their basic chemistry, give
the main functions of each group in the body, and state one (or more) possible good food
sources for each group. (17)

Synthesis: (3)

TOTAL QUESTION 4: [20]

TOTAL SECTION C: [20]

TOTAL QUESTION PAPER: [150]

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