Final Examination 2011-12

Biology
Form Three

Time allowed: 8:25-9:55 am Date: 11-6-2012

Total marks:100

Name:_____________________________________ ( ) F.3 _____

General Instructions

1. There are TWO sections, A and B, in this paper. Section A carries 30 marks and
Section B carries 70 marks.

2. Section A consists of multiple-choice questions. Section B contains conventional

questions printed separately in Question-Answer Sheets B.

3. Answers to Section A should be marked on the Multiple-choice Answer Sheet while

answers to Section B should be written in the spaces provided in Question-Answer
Sheets B. The Answer Sheets for Section A and the Question-Answer Sheets for
Section B must be handed in separately at the end of the examination.

4. The diagrams in this paper are not necessarily drawn to scale.

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Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (30 marks)
There are 30 questions in this section.
The diagrams in this section are NOT necessarily drawn to scale.
Put your answers on the Multiple Choice Answer Sheets

1. A group of cells of the same type grouped together is called

A. a tissue.
B. an organ.
C. a system.
D. an organism.

2. Which of the following molecules is involved in the stabilization of the cell membrane?

A. Cholesterol
B. Channel protein
C. Phospholipid
D. Glycoprotein

3. Which of the followings is not a correct description of the function of membrane

proteins?

A. Receptor proteins allow the cell to recognize a signal and trigger the corresponding
reactions.
B. Membrane-bounded enzymes speed up the rate of biochemical reactions inside the
cell.
C. Channel proteins provide a passage for transportation of large food particles across
the membrane.
D. Recognition proteins allow cells to recognize the identity of neighbouring cells.

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4. When an unknown specimen is observed under microscope, which of the following
features on the cells can show that the cells are animal cells?
A. Absence of chloroplast.
B. Absence of cell wall.
C. Absence of vacuole.
D. Nucleus in the centre of the cells.

Directions: Questions 5 to 6 refer to the diagram below, which shows the microscopic view
when a student observed the cheek cells under a light microscope.

5. In order to bring the cheek cell to the centre of the view, what should he do?
A. Move the slide to his left.
B. Move the slide to his right.
C. Change the objective to a higher magnification.
D. Turn the coarse adjustment knob.

6. Which of the following combinations of eyepiece and objective lens enables the student
to observe the greatest number of cells?
Eyepiece Objective
A. 5x 10x
B. 10x 10x
C. 5x 20x
D. 10x 40x

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7. Which of the following organelles are enclosed by two membranes?
(1) Lysosome
(2) Nucleus
(3) Chloroplast

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (2) and (3) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

8. Which of the following pairs of comparison about prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells
is correct?

Prokaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells

A. Flagella present Flagella absent
B. Linear DNA Circular DNA
C. Ribosome absent Ribosome present
D. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
absent present

9. Which of the following contain nitrogen?

(1) proteins (2) lipids (3) nucleic acids

A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)

10. Which of the following substances is an important component of plant cell wall?

A. cellulose B. glycogen C. starch D. lipid

11. Which of the following is / are the function(s) of water in organisms?

(1) Water acts as a solvent to dissolve substances.
(2) Water provides energy for the organisms.
(3) Water is used in respiration as a raw material.

A. (1) only B. (1) and (3) only

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 C. (2) and (3) only D. (1) (2) and (3)

12. Which of the following substances provides the largest amount of energy per unit mass
to the body?

A. carbohydrates B. proteins
C. lipids D. minerals

13. Which of the following is/are not present in isotonic drinks?

(1) carbohydrates (2) amino acids (3) sodium chloride

A. (1) only B. (2) only

C. (3) only D. (1) and (2) only

14. Which of the following is not a role of calcium in organisms?

A. making up teeth
B. making up chlorophyll
C. making up bones
D. making up shell of clams

15. What is the main factor for diffusion to occur?

A. The selectively permeable membrane.
B. The membrane proteins.
C. The concentration gradient.
D. The size of molecules.

16. A selectively permeable membrane is best described as a membrane which allows

A. only water molecules to pass through but not solute molecules.

B. only glucose molecules to pass through but not sucrose molecules.
C. only non-polar molecules to pass through but not polar molecules.
D. only some molecules to pass through but not other molecules.

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17. The diagram shows four ways in which molecules may move into and out of an actively
respiring cell. The density of dots represents the relative concentration of molecules.

Which arrow represents the movement of oxygen molecules?

18. Which of the following is not an example of osmosis?

A. Plant cells become flaccid when immersed in salt solution.
B. Red blood cells burst when immersed in distilled water.
C. Potato strip remains the same weight when submerged in isotonic solution.
D. Dialysis tubing containing sucrose solution swells when immersed in distilled water.

19. Metabolism is

A. all the chemical processes occurring in living cells.

B. the breakdown of the old and useless structures in living cells.
C. the building-up action of new tissues in living cells.
D. the replacement of old and useless structures by new ones in living cells.

20. Which of the following is an example of catabolism?

A. photosynthesis
B. breakdown of starch into maltose
C. synthesis of glycogen from glucose
D. formation of new cells

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21. The diagram below shows a glass vessel containing two liquids, X and Y, which are
separated by a selectively permeable membrane. The membrane is only permeable to
glucose but not sucrose molecules, and the initial levels at P and Q are the same.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the results when equilibrium has been
reached?
A. The liquid level at P will be lower than that at Q.
B. The liquid levels at P and Q will remain the same.
C. The water potential of liquid X will be lower than that of liquid Y.
D. Concentration of glucose in both liquids will be the same.

22. The table below shows the functions of three different enzymes:

Enzyme Function
amylase converts starch to maltose
pectinase breaks down plant cell walls
papain breaks down proteins

Which of the following correctly describes the applications of the above enzymes?

Making fruit juice Meat tenderiser Making syrup

A. papain amylase pectinase
B. pectinase papain amylase
C. amylase pectinase papain
D. papain pectinase amylase

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Directions: Questions 23 to 24 refer to the diagram below which shows an experimental set-
up studying the osmosis of potato tissues.

Solution X Solution Y

Glass cover

Raw potato
without skin

23. Which of the following combinations gives the largest level rise in solution X after 2
days?
Solution X Solution Y
A. 20% glucose solution Distilled water
B. 10% sucrose solution Distilled water
C. Distilled water 20% sucrose solution
D. 20% sucrose solution 5% sucrose solution

24. Why should the potato cup be covered by a glass cover?

A. To prevent contamination of the potato cup.
B. To prevent water vapour in the air from entering the set-up.
C. To reduce evaporation of water in the set-up.
D. To prevent the potato cup from drying.

25. Which of the following people has the highest metabolic rate per unit body mass?

A. a fifty-year old woman

B. a thirty-year old office lady
C. a seven-year old boy
D. a nine-month old baby

26. In the “lock and key hypothesis”, the “lock” represents the substrate and the “key”
represents the enzyme. Which of the following properties of enzyme can be illustrated
by this hypothesis?
A. All enzymes are protein in nature.
B. Enzymes are specific in action.

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 C. Enzymes are inactive at low temperature.
D. Enzymes are denatured at around 40˚C.

Directions: Answer Questions 27 and 28 according to the investigation below:

Three brands (X, Y, Z) of contact lens protein remover claimed to be effective in removing
protein on contact lens. To compare their effectiveness, a student made four wells on a milk
agar plate. Then, she added the protein remover of different brands as well as distilled water
(W) into the respective wells. The plate was incubated at 37˚C for three hours. The results
obtained are shown below:

Y
X

milky

Z
W

27. Which of the following processes is/are involved in the formation of the clear zones?
(1) osmosis
(2) diffusion
(3) the breakdown of protein
(4) the breakdown of starch

A. (1) and (3) only B. (1) and (4) only

C. (2) and (3) only D. (2) and (4) only

28. Arrange the effectiveness of the three brands of contact lens protein remover in
descending order.
A. X, Y, Z
B. Y, X, Z
C. Z, Y, X
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 D. Y, Z, X

Directions: Questions 29 to 30 refer to the following investigation.

Phoebe conducted an investigation on how temperature affects the activity of amylase. She
added amylase solution into starch suspension in water baths set at different temperature.
The time needed for the starch to disappear was recorded and the results were shown in the
table below.

Temperature (˚C) Time taken for the starch to disappear (min)

0 50
20 24
40 1.2
60 Starch did not disappear after 60 min
80 Starch did not disappear after 60 min

29. Based on the results, what is the optimum temperature of the amylase tested?

A. 0˚C B. 20˚C C. 40˚C D. 80˚C

30. If a graph to show the effect of temperature on the activity of amylase is to be plotted,
what should be plotted on the Y-axis?

A. temperature
B. 1/temperature
C. time taken for the starch to disappear
D. 1/time taken for the starch to disappear

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End of Section A
Go to Section B

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 Final Examination 2011-12
Biology
Form Three
Section B
Name:________________________ ( ) F.3____ Marks:________________

Section B: Structured Questions (70 marks)

Answer ALL questions. Put your answers in the spaces provided.

1. For each type of the biomolecules listed in column 1, select from column 2 the
corresponding basic unit(s) that form(s) the molecules. Put the appropriate letters in the
spaces provided.
(4 marks)

Column 1 Column 2
Protein ______ A. peptide
Carbohydrate ______ B. monosaccharide
Lipid ______ C. glucose
Nucleic acid ______ D. amino acid
E. glycogen
F. fatty acid
G. glycerol
H. nucleotide

2. Fill in the following table to show different tests used to identify the presence of various
biomolecules and their positive results:
(6 marks)

Biomolecule Test Positive result

Proteins

Reducing sugars

glucose

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3. A thin section of potato tuber was cut and stained with iodine solution. The section was
then observed under the light microscope. The drawing in Figure 3.1 shows one of the
cells observed. After turning the fine adjustment knob a bit, Figure 3.2 shows the
drawing of the same cell observed.

Blue-black stained
structures

Figure 3.1 Figure 3.2

(a) Name two polysaccharides which are found in this potato cell but could not be found in
a red blood cell.
(2 marks)

(b) Explain why the same cell looked differently as shown in Figure 3.1 and Figure 3.2
under the same magnification power of the same microscope.
(2 marks)

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4. Billy used starch-agar plate to determine the optimum pH of amylase extracted from
mung beans. He followed the procedures below. Put a “√” if the step is correct and put a
“x” if the step is wrong. Correct the wrong steps.
(8 marks)
Procedure:
Step 1. 20 pre-soaked mung beans with seed coat removed were grinded ( )
in a mortar with 1 mL alcohol to extract the amylase.
Correction
if any

Step 2 3 paper discs were soaked in amylase extract at acidic, neutral ( )

and alkaline pH respectively. 3 other paper discs were soaked
only in liquid at acidic, neutral and alkaline pH respectively.
Correction
if any

Step 3 He struck labels carefully on the lid of the Petri dish. ( )

Correction
if any

Step 4 He placed all the discs at the centre of the starch-agar plate with ( )
clean forceps for each disc.
Correction
if any

Step 5 He incubated the plate at 37˚C overnight. ( )

Correction
if any

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5. When a slice of apple is exposed to air, it quickly turns brown. This is because an
enzyme E catalyzes the oxidation of a substance A in the apple to dark-coloured products:
Enzyme E
Substance A --------------------- dark-coloured products

In an experiment, the effect of a chemical, X, on the rate of this enzymatic reaction was
investigated. The experiment was carried out at the same temperature and the same
concentration of the chemical X was used. The results are shown in the graph below:

Enzyme E

Enzyme E + X

Concentration of substance A (arbitrary unit)

(a) (i) What is the effect of chemical X on the activity of enzyme E?

(1 mark)

(ii) Explain the answer in (a) (i).

(2 marks)

(b) Draw a curve in the above graph to show the effect of X on the rate of enzymatic
reaction if a higher concentration of X had been used.
(1 mark)

6. An experiment was set-up as shown in the following diagram to study diffusion. Both
water molecules and iodine molecules can pass through the dialysis tubing while starch

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 molecules cannot. The set-up was left to stand at room temperature for one hour and
results were observed.

(a) At the end of experiment, explain the expected results

(i) of the colour of solution in the beaker; (2 marks)

(ii) of the colour of solution inside the dialysis tubing; (3 marks)

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 (iii) of the volume of dialysis tubing. (3 marks)

(c) If the whole set-up was put in a water bath at 80 oC, do you think there would be any
differences in the experimental results? Explain. (2 marks)

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7. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

Human milk contains all the nutrients a young baby needs in exactly the right 1
proportions. It is formed in the milk glands by small groups of milk-producing
cells. These cells absorb substances from the blood and use them to produce the
lipids, carbohydrates and proteins found in milk.

The main carbohydrate in milk is lactose. Lactose is a disaccharide formed by 5

the condensation of two monosaccharides, glucose and galactose.

Lactose is produced in the milk-producing cells and transported in vesicles

through the cytoplasm. Because lactose is unable to escape from these vesicles,
they increase in diameter as they move towards the plasma membrane. The
vesicle membranes fuse with the plasma membrane and the vesicles empty their 10
contents out of the cell.

(a) Suggest a food test which could test for the presence of lactose. (1 mark)

(b) Using your knowledge of water potential, explain why the vesicles “increase in
diameter as they move towards the plasma membrane” (line 9). (3 marks)

(c) Name the process of which “the vesicles empty their contents out of the cell” (lines 10-
11). (1 mark)

(d) Suggest and explain one significance of having a large number of mitochondria inside
the milk-producing cells. (2 marks)

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8. The diagram below shows part of the cell membrane. The arrows show the movement of
substance X diffusing through the cell membrane and substance Y passing through the
cell membrane with the help of molecule A. Transport of substance Y requires energy.

Substance X Substance Y
Molecule A

(a) State one property of substance X which allows it to diffuse through the cell membrane
along the path as shown in the above diagram. (1 mark)

(b) Name molecule A. (1 mark)

(c) State two differences between the processes of which substance X and substance Y
passing through the cell membrane apart from energy requirement. (2 marks)

9. A cook prepares a fresh fruit salad by cutting up a variety of fruits and placing them in
a bowl with layers of sugar in between. After two hours the fruit is surrounded by syrup
(concentrated sugar solution).

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(a) Explain why the syrup is produced after two hours. (4 marks)

(b) The cook tastes the fruit after two hours and finds the texture of the fruits becomes very
soft. In the space below, draw a fully-labelled diagram to show the appearance of a fruit
cell under a light microscope after two hours. (5 marks)

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10. David is the manager of a washing powder manufacturing company. He is asked to
decide which enzymes to be added into the washing powder so as to enhance its
cleaning power.

(a) If David wants to make the washing powder more powerful in removing stains of oil and
egg, what enzymes should be added into the washing powder? (2 marks)

(b) The enzymes added have to remain active during the washing process. Washing powder
is alkaline and people sometimes like to wash clothes with water as hot as 50 - 60˚C. The
graphs below show the activity of three enzymes, X, Y and Z, under different
temperatures and pH values:

Based on the above information, which enzyme, X, Y or Z, is most suitable to be added in

the washing powder? Explain your answer. (3 marks)

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(c) The use of bioactive washing powder would differ in some ways with ordinary washing
powder. An “Instructions for Use” was given to the customers. Based on your biological
knowledge, explain why customers should follow the instructions to get a better result.

Instructions for using bioactive washing powder

1. To have the best performance, use warm water at about 40˚C instead of cold water.
Reason:

(3 marks)

2. Soak clothes in water with the washing powder for at least half an hour.
Reason:

(1 mark)
3. Do not use water hotter than 60˚C to wash clothes.
Reason:

(2 marks)
4. A small amount of washing powder is enough to wash up to 5 kg of clothes.
Reason:

(2 marks)

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End of Section B

End of paper

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