F.

3 FINAL EXAM
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3A Averages
■ MC: 24/30
■ LQ: 43/60
■ Total: 67/90 (75%)
LQ1
(a) Lower the cover slip slowly/gently/softly
(b) P contains the pigment chlorophyll (1) which
absorb light for photosynthesis (food making) of
the pond weed. (1) (X for releasing energy)
(c)
■ Title (0.5) + Magnification (0.5)
■ Drawing (2)
■ Labels (2)
LQ1c
LQ1
(d)
■ Water potential of solution X is lower than
that of the cells/solution X is hypertonic (1)
■ Net water movement out of the cells by
osmosis (1)
■ Cytoplasm / vacuole shrinks (1) and
■ membrane is pulled away from cell wall /The
cells are in a state of plasmolysis (1)
(e)
4 cm /400 (1) = 0.01 cm / 0.1 mm /100 µm (1)
LQ1
(f)
■ Space Y should be filled with solution X (1)
■ Cell wall is fully permeable (1) OR solute in solution X
can go/diffuse/move into space Y (1)

Space Y
LQ2
(a)
■ X: protein
■ Y: phospholipid
(b) (i)
■ Control movement of substances into or out of cells
(b) (ii)
■ Central/inner/middle layer of the cell membrane is
hydrophobic/non-polar (1)/Hydrophobic tails form a
physical barrier to polar molecules (1)
■ Polar molecules are hydrophilic/water-soluble/cannot
dissolve (1) and pass through this layer.
LQ2
(c) (i)
■ Phospholipid bilayer (0.5 drawing + 0.5 label):
Hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail (show correct
orientation)
■ Any 3 kinds of proteins (with labels) (3)
LQ2
(c) (ii)
■ Through ion channel/channel proteins (1)
■ Carried by carrier protein (1) by active transport/making use of
energy from cell/respiration (1)
 LQ3
(a)
■ To show that the release of the gas is due to the action of
enzymes/catalase in liver (1)
■ X due to raw liver (the objective of the experiment is to show the
activity of catalase)
(b)
■ At 100oC, the enzymes were denatured/shape of active site of catalase
was changed (1)
■ Which is a permanent/irreversible change (1)
(c)
■ (i) Oxygen (1) (X hydrogen)
■ (ii) It will relight a glowing splint (1)
(d)
All the hydrogen peroxide has been broken down/used up. (X
 LQ3e

Temperature Time needed for 10 cm3 of gas to Catalase activity

(oC) be released (min) (min-1)

10 20 0.05
25 10 0.1
40 4 0.25
70 30 0.0333
90 ∞ 0

Catalase activity = 1/time needed for 10 cm3 of gas to be released

LQ3f

Title (1)
X-axis label, units (0.5, 0.5)
Y-axis label, units (0.5, 0.5)
Correct choice of axes (1)
Data points and line (0.5+0.5)
 
Wrong data point (-0.5)
Missing axes arrows (-0.5)
Scale (-0.5)
0oC (-0.5)
 LQ3g
■ Catalase activity increases as the temperature increases from 10°C to
40°C. (1)
■ More kinetic energy possessed by the substrate and enzyme
molecules (1)
■ Increase the chance of forming enzyme-substrate complex (1)
■ Catalase activity decreases as the temperature further increases from
40°C to 90°C/>40oC. (1)
■ More and more enzyme molecules are denatured by strong heat as the
temperature further increases (1)
 LQ3h
■ Narrow the temperature intervals/use a measuring
cylinder with narrower intervals (1)

Temperature Time needed for 10 cm3 of gas to Catalase activity

(oC) be released (min) (min-1)
10 20 0.05
25 10 0.1
Narrow
the 40 4 0.25
intervals 70 30 0.0333
90 ∞ 0
LQ4: PETase

https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-accidentally-engineered-mutant-enzyme-eats-through-plastic-pet-petase-pollution
LQ4: PETase
 LQ4
(a)
■ Catabolic (1)
■ The weight of the PET sheet decreased over time (1) (X PET sheet was broken
down  cannot be seen from the figures)
(b)
■ Remove the excess solution on the surface of the PET sheet (1)
■ Avoid overestimating the weight of the PET/avoid underestimating the weight
loss/ensure the measurement of weight is more accurate (1)
(c)
■ Disagree (1)
■ Enzymes remain unchanged at the end of reactions/are reusable/are not used
up (1)
(d)
■ Repeat the experiment at a range of pH/add buffer solutions of different pH (1)
■ The optimum pH is where the weight loss is the highest (1)
 LQ4
(e) (i)
■ Active site

Note: “wild-type” = original, unedited

https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-accidentally-engineered-mutant-enzyme-eats-through-plastic-pet-petase-pollution
 LQ4
(e) (ii)
Nature of
Evidence
science
While trying to determine the structure of PETase,
American scientists accidentally modified the enzyme B
such that its enzymatic rate was increased.
The discovery of PETase and attempts to use it to
alleviate plastic pollution involved both Japanese and E
American scientists over the past few years.

■ Science is socially and culturally embedded = social and cultural elements

such as politics, economics, power structures, religion and philosophy will
affect the science knowledge produced and how it is accepted

https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/413-tenets-of-the-nature-of-science
 LQ4
(f)
■ Enzymes are specific/active sites of enzymes have specific shapes (1)
■ Glass cannot fit into the active site of PETase (1)/Enzyme-
substrate complex cannot be formed (1)
 MC1

A. (3) only B. (1) and (2) only

C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)

C
 MC3
Benedict’s test can be used to distinguish
(1) sucrose and starch
(2) sucrose and fructose
(3) glucose and fructose
Reducing sugars:
(4) glucose and starch • Fructose
• Glucose

A. (1) and (2) only X Reducing sugars:

• Sucrose
B. (1) and (3) only
• Starch
C. (2) and (4) only
D. (1), (3) and (4) only

C
 MC7
Which of the following elements must be present in proteins?
(1) nitrogen (2) carbon (3) phosphorus

A. (2) only
B. (1) and (2) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3) only

B
 MC8
Which of the following statements describing proteins is correct?
A. Proteins do not have energy value.
B. Only small amounts of proteins are needed for healthy growth.
C. The ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms in a polypeptide chain is
always 2:1.
D. In a polypeptide chain, the amino group of one amino acid is joined
together with the carboxyl group of another amino acid by condensation.

D
 MC13
When viewing a temporary mount of a specimen under the microscope, it
is advisable to put a cover slip on the specimen. The least important
reason for this is to
A. hold the specimen still.
B. keep the specimen flat.
C. prevent the objective lens from getting wet.
D. prevent the specimen from drying up.

A
 MC15
Which of the following about the organelle is correct?
(1) It helps in the synthesis and transport of proteins.
(2) It can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
(3) It is surrounded by a double membrane.

A. (1) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

Rough ER
A
 MC16 Which is incorrect?

Bacterium Onion epidermal cell

A. No nuclear membrane Has nuclear membrane

B. Coiled loop of DNA Linear DNA attached to proteins

C. No ribosome Ribosomes present in

cytoplasm
D. No membrane-bound With membrane-bound
organelles organelles

C
 MC18
Which of the following is/are correct description(s) for a root cell?
(1) The cytoplasm protects the nucleus.
(2) The cell wall is fully permeable to minerals.
(3) The vacuole protects, supports and gives shape to the root cell.

A. (2) only
B. (1) and (2) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

A
MC19

B
 MC20
Which of the following processes enable movement of substances both in
and out of a cell?
(1) active transport
(2) diffusion
(3) osmosis
(4) phagocytosis

A. (2) and (3) only

B. (1), (2) and (3) only
C. (2), (3) and (4) only
D. (1), (2), (3) and (4)
B
 MC21
After three hours, the liquid level has risen. What can be deduced from
this result?
(1) Solution S diffuses into the dialysis tubing.
(2) Value of x is larger than that of y.
(3) Solute of solution S cannot pass through the dialysis tubing.

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

C
 MC22
Which of the following modifications will result in a faster rise in the liquid
level?
(1) use a smaller volume of x % solution S
(2) use a larger volume of y % solution S
(3) use a narrower capillary tube
(4) use a longer piece of dialysis tubing

A. (2) and (3) only

B. (3) and (4) only
C. (1), (2) and (3) only
D. (2), (3) and (4) only
B
 MC24
Which of the following concentrations of salt solution has the
same water potential as the cell content of the potato cells
before the immersion?

A. 0.6%
B. 1.6%
C. 8%
D. 25%

C
 MC26

Which of the following was Buchner’s observation?

A. Living yeast cells changed sugar into alcohol.
B. Yeast extract could be used in the treatment of certain
diseases.
C. Yeast extract in sugar solution could be kept for a longer
time.
D. Yeast extract changed sugar into alcohol.
D
 MC27

Which of the following is the hypothesis to explain Buchner’s

observation?
A. Sugar can be changed to alcohol.
B. Alcohol can be used in the treatment of certain diseases.
C. Living yeast cells were needed to change sugar to alcohol.
D. The yeast extract contained some substances which can
work outside yeast cells.
D
 MC29
Which of the following is/are the conclusion(s) for Mark’s investigation?
(1) Brand B washing powder is the most effective in removing protein-
based stains.
(2) The enzymes in the bioactive washing powder work best at 37°C.
(3) Proteases present in Brands B and C washing powder break down
proteins in the milk agar, leading to the formation of clear zone.

A. (1) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
A
 MC30
A student used the following set-up to investigate the activity of an enzyme
which catalyzes the breakdown of starch to maltose. He wanted to find out
the time required for the completion of the enzymatic reaction.

Which of the following combinations correctly states the test and the
observation when the enzymatic reaction has completed?