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1.2 Module 4.2 - Formulas
1.2 Module 4.2 - Formulas
excel file before moving on to the next modules as functions are a very importan
part of Ms Excel. We have also provided exercises wherever applicable.
Do let us know if you have any questions.
Thanks,
Analytics Leap
tions provided in the
ons are a very important
ver applicable.
MIN
What does it do?
This function returns the smallest number in a given set of values. It ignores logical values and text
Syntax
=MIN(Number1,Number2 and so on..)
Example
Use MIN function to find the smallest value of the 3 numbers present for each row
Number1 Number2 Number3 Result Formula
3 5 3 3 =MIN(A15:C15)
19 a 1 1 =MIN(A16:C16)
8 b c 8 =MIN(A17:C17)
-8.5 3 0.5 -8.5 =MIN(A18:C18)
Exercise
Use MIN and IF function on the following and if the value is less than 5, then flag it as 'Less than 5' else 'Greater than equal to
Number1 Number2 Number3 Result
3 5 3 3 LESS THAN 5
19 a 1 1 LESS THAN 5
8 b c 8 GREATER THAN 5
-8.5 3 0.5 -8.5 LESS THAN 5
and text
Syntax
=MAX(Number1,Number2 and so on..)
Example
Use MAX function to find the smallest value of the 3 numbers present for each row
Number1 Number2 Number3 Result Formula
3 5 3 5 =MAX(A15:C15)
19 a 1 19 =MAX(A16:C16)
8 b c 8 =MAX(A17:C17)
-8.5 3 0.5 3 =MAX(A18:C18)
Exercise
Use MAX and IF function on the following and if the value is less than 5, then flag it as 'Less than 5' else 'Greater than equal to
Number1 Number2 Number3 Result
3 5 3 5 GREATER THAN 5
19 a 1 19 GREATER THAN 5
8 b c 8 GREATER THAN 5
-8.5 3 0.5 3 LESS THAN 5
nd text
Syntax
=AVERAGE(Number1,Number2 and so on..)
Example
Use AVERAGE function to find the smallest value of the 3 numbers present for each row
Number1 Number2 Number3 Result Formula
3 5 4 =MAX(A15:C15)
19 a 1 10 =MAX(A16:C16)
8 b c 8 =MAX(A17:C17)
-8.5 3 0.5 -1.666666666667 =MAX(A18:C18)
Exercise
Calculate AVERAGE for the following numbers
Number1 Number2 Number3 Result
3 5 3 3.6666666666667
19 a 1 10
8 b c 8
1.5 4.5 3
ank cells
SMALL
What does it do?
This function returns the nth smallest number from the given set of values
Syntax
=SMALL(Array, nth small number from the list)
Array
These are list of numbers from which nth smallest number needs to be found out
Example
Use SMALL function to find the nth smallest value from the set of values in the range A18:C21
nth smallest
Array/List of Numbers Result Formula
number
3 1 5 1 -8.5 =SMALL(A18:C21,D18)
19 50 1 5 3 =SMALL(A18:C21,D19)
8 12 20 4 1 =SMALL(A18:C21,D20)
-8.5 3 0.5 12 50 =SMALL(A18:C21,D21)
Exercise
Calculate nth smallest number for the following numbers
nth smallest
Array/List of Numbers Result
number
3 5 3 1 3
19 2 1 2 2
8 5 3 3 8
1.5 1 4.5 4 #VALUE!
Formula
=SMALL(A18:C21,D18)
=SMALL(A18:C21,D19)
=SMALL(A18:C21,D20)
=SMALL(A18:C21,D21)
LARGE
What does it do?
This function returns the nth largest number from the given set of values
Syntax
=LARGE(Array, nth largest number from the list)
Array
These are list of numbers from which nth largest number needs to be found out
Example
Use SMALL function to find the nth smallest value from the set of values in the range A18:C21
nth largest
Array/List of Numbers Result Formula
number
3 1 5 1 50 =LARGE(A18:C21,D18)
19 50 1 5 8 =LARGE(A18:C21,D19)
8 12 20 4 12 =LARGE(A18:C21,D20)
-8.5 3 0.5 12 -8.5 =LARGE(A18:C21,D21)
Exercise
Calculate nth largest number for the following numbers
nth largest
Array/List of Numbers Result
number
3 5 3 1 5
19 2 1 2 2
8 5 3 3 3
1.5 1 4.5 4 #VALUE!
Formula
=LARGE(A18:C21,D18)
=LARGE(A18:C21,D19)
=LARGE(A18:C21,D20)
=LARGE(A18:C21,D21)
COUNT
What does it do?
This function returns the count of number of cells which consist of numbers
Syntax
=COUNT([value1],[value[2], and so on..)
value1
First cell in the range
value 2 and so on
Second, third and so on cells in the range
Example
Use COUNT function to find the number of numeric values
List of Numbers Result Formula
3 1 5 3 =COUNT(A18:C18)
19 A 1 2 =COUNT(A19:C19)
8 20 2 =COUNT(A20:C20)
-8.5 B 1 =COUNT(A21:C21)
Exercise 1
Use COUNT function to find the number of numeric values
List of Numbers Result
3 3 2
b 2 1 2
c 5 3 2
1.5 1 4.5 3
Exercise 2
Use IF function to print 'Y' if count of numbers is >=2 else print 'N'
List of Numbers Result
3 3 Y
b 2 1 N
c 5 3 Y
1.5 D N
COUNTIF
What does it do?
This function returns the count of number of cells which consist of numbers and meet a given condition
Syntax
=COUNTIF(Range,Criteria)
Range
Range of cells which you want to count
Criteria
Condition which you want to check and then count the cells on the basis of it
Example
Use COUNTIF function on Col A, B, C and D to find the number of numeric values, based on values being greater or less as spec
Col A Col B Col C Col D Col E Result
3 1 5 3 Values > 1 3
19 A 0 Values = 0 1
8 D 20 2 Values >= 2 3
-8.5 0 B -1 Values < 0 2
Exercise
Use COUNTIF function on Col A, B, C and D to find the number of numeric values, based on values being greater or less as spec
Col A Col B Col C Col D Col E Result
1 -1 5 3 Values > 2 2
19 A 0 Values >= 0 2
8 -50 20 2 Values >= 20 1
-8.5 0 -1 Values <= 0 3
ven condition
Syntax
=STDEV.S([number1],[number2] and so on..)
Example
Calculate standard devation for the following set of numbers
Range of Numbers STD DEV Formula
42 45 20 22 13.07351011269 =STDEV.S(A16:D16)
27 10 34 50 16.58061116686 =STDEV.S(A17:D17)
26 32 11 26 8.958236433584 =STDEV.S(A18:D18)
42 40 47 47 3.55902608401 =STDEV.S(A19:D19)
Exercise
Calculate standard devation for the following set of numbers
Range of Numbers Result
7 7 2 3 2.629955639677
1 2 1 6 2.380476142848
5 8 8 6 1.5
5 8 7 4 1.825741858351
erms of statistics, the lower the standard deviation the
values are ignored.
Formula
=STDEV.S(A16:D16)
=STDEV.S(A17:D17)
=STDEV.S(A18:D18)
=STDEV.S(A19:D19)
VAR.S
What does it do?
This function gives the variance of the given set of values or range of values. It is basically sum of squares of deviation of a valu
dividied by number of values. It is the square of standard deviation and just like for standard devaiation, the lower the varianc
implies that the data is not that different. Blank cells, text, and error values are ignored.
Syntax
=VAR.S([number1],[number2] and so on..)
Example
Calculate variance for the following set of numbers
Range of Numbers VAR Formula
42 45 20 22 170.9166666667 =VAR.S(A17:D17)
27 10 34 50 274.9166666667 =VAR.S(A18:D18)
26 32 11 26 80.25 =VAR.S(A19:D19)
42 40 47 47 12.66666666667 =VAR.S(A20:D20)
Exercise
Calculate variance for the following set of numbers
Range of Numbers Result
7 7 2 3 6.916666666667
1 2 1 6 5.666666666667
5 8 8 6 2.25
5 8 7 4 3.333333333333
Formula
=VAR.S(A17:D17)
=VAR.S(A18:D18)
=VAR.S(A19:D19) Use the STDEV.S function to calculate standard deviation of
these numbers and then use SQRT function to calculate
=VAR.S(A20:D20) square root of the variance - results will be same
CORREL
What does it do?
This function returns the correlation coefficient between 2 datasets. Correlation lies between -1 and 1 called negative correlati
as a baby grows older, the height or weight increases - implying that there is a relation between the age and height or age and
one the other is also increasing i.e. positive correlation
Syntax
=CORREL([Array1],[Array2])
[Array1],[Array2]
The 2 different arrays for which you want to calculate correlation
Example
Calculate correlation between Age and Weight for the following set of numbers
Age Weight Correlation Formula
1 5 0.9930235149455 =CORREL(A17:A26,B17:B26)
2 14
3 15
4 20
5 24
6 30
7 35
8 38
9 40
10 45
Exercise
Calculate correlation between Age and Height for the following set of numbers
Age Height CORREL
1 20 0.9826444365
2 35 0.9760847412
3 45 0.9656546214
4 60 0.9512944414
5 80 0.937639299
6 100 0.9279790578
7 120 0.9306800812
8 122 0.9549191084
9 125 1
10 135 #DIV/0!
een -1 and 1 called negative correlation and postive correlation. For ex:
tween the age and height or age and weight and with the increase in
Formula
ORREL(A17:A26,B17:B26)
MEDIAN
What does it do?
This function returns number which is in the middle of all numbers in a dataset
Syntax
=MEDIAN([number1],[number2], and so on..)
Example
Calculate median for the following numbers
Table A Median Formula
89 84 =MEDIAN(A15:A35)
91
65
59
60 If you sort the values ascending, and count the
number of observations here, we have 21 (in Table
86 A) and the middle observation would be 11th
51 observation which has a value of 84. If the number
95 of observations would have been 20 (as is the case
in Table B), then median would have been 10th +
84 11th observation divided by 2 which
88
92
85
74
76
60
65
93
98
64
77
89
Table B Median Formula
94 82 =MEDIAN(G15:G34)
57
80
91
97
84
79
53
50
53
78
54
85
54
98
92
84
71
100
94
NORMAL CURVE
We can calculate normal curve using AVERAGE and STANDARD DEVIATION functions
Rounded Z
=AVERAGE(A7:A4736) 0
=STDEV.S(A7:A4736) 0
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-1
0
2
-1
-1
2
0
-1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
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1
2
1
-1
-1
1
1
1
0
2
0
-1
0
-2
0
1
0
2
-2
-1
-2
1
-2
1
-2
-1
-2
1
1
-1
-2
1
1
1
-2
0
0
2
-1
0
-1
0
1
-2
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1
1
0
1
1
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1
0
1
-2
1
0
1
-1
1
1
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-2
-2
1
1
1
0
0
-1
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0
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2
0
1
1
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1
0
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1
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2
1
0
0
1
0
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1
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-2
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0
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1
1
-1
1
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2
1
1
0
1
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-1
1
-1
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-2
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1
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1
PMT, NPER, PV, FV
What does PMT do?
It calculates the payment of a loan based on constant number of payments and a fixed interest rate
Syntax
=PMT(rate,nper, pv, [fv], [type])
Rate
Interest Rate
Nper
Number of payments
PV
Present Value of loan taken
FV and Type
FV and Type are both optional arguments with FV standing for future value of the loan. Types tells whether the payment will b
made at the end of the month or not
Suppose person ABC buys a car and agrees to a monthly payment based on an interest rate of 4% over 4 years (i.e. 48 monthly
payments). The loan amount is $80000
Rate 0.33% Since payments will be monthly, dividing interest rate by 12
NPER 48
PV $80,000 The PMT is negative i.e. highlighted red because it is implying that
PMT $1,806 ABC will have to give this much amount of money every month
Formula =PMT(B24,B25,B26)
Syntax
=NPER(rate,pmt, pv, [fv], [type])
Rate
Interest Rate
PMT
Regular Payment amount
PV
Present Value of loan taken
FV and Type
FV and Type are both optional arguments with FV standing for future value of the loan. Types tells whether the payment will b
made at the end of the month or not
Rate 0.33%
PMT $1,500
ABC will have to make 59 motnhly payments of $1,500
PV $80,000
NPER 59
Formula =NPER(B50,B51,B52)
Syntax
=PV(rate,nper, pmt, [fv], [type])
Rate
Interest Rate
NPER
Number of payments
PMT
Regular Payment amount
FV and Type
FV and Type are both optional arguments with FV standing for future value of the loan. Types tells whether the payment will b
made at the end of the month or not
Rate 0.33%
PMT $1,806
Present Value of 48 future payments of $1,806 is $79,986
NPER 48
PV $79,986
Formula =PV(B76,B78,B77)
Syntax
=PV(rate,nper, pmt, [pv], [type])
Rate
Interest Rate
NPER
Number of payments
PMT
Regular Payment amount
PV and Type
PV and Type are both optional arguments with PV standing for present value of the loan. Types tells whether the payment wil
made at the end of the month or not
Rate 0.33%
PMT $1,806 If FV is $0, it implies that we will be able to repay the loan of
NPER 48 $80,000 we had initially taken by paying 48 monthly installments of
FV $0 $1,806 each
Formula =FV(B102,B104,B103,B79)
erest rate
dic payments
pes tells whether the payment will be
payments of $1,500
of $1,806 is $79,986
ypes tells whether the payment will be
Use right and left function to remove the 1st and last letter from the city name.
Question 2 result to be 'osto'
Question 3 Create a new column using PostCode and it should be of length 5 (Add 0's at the
Question 4 Please put the first name and last name in their respecti
Question 5 Please find out Group from Mapping Sheet for each
Data
11 Result
99
56 31
14
15
16
59
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
6
0
9
28
29
30
2
11
12
1
14
15
16
8
18
87
20
Question 7 Please calculate the sum of sales for May using sumif functi
Month Sales
Jan 251 3005
Feb 956 3005
Mar 12 2049
Jun 15 2049
May 745 2049
Jun 458 2049
Jul 125 2049
Jan 621 2049
Feb 842 2049
Mar 512 1207
Apr 411 1207
Jan 243 1207
Jun 312 1207
Jul 621 1207
Aug 842 1207
Sep 512 1207
Oct 411 1207
Nov 243 1207
Dec 312 1207
Feb 251 1207
Feb 956 956
Jan 12 0
Apr 15 0
May 745 0
Jun 458 0
Jun 125 0
love 3
none
dairy
loves
love1
love
45
love
love.
Question 9 Use countif formula to count the exact number ofcells that contain text in the
strings)
love 0
5
dairy
loves
love1
love
45
love
0
1
1 4
False
dairy
1
love1
False
45
1
1
False
By using COUNTBLANK function please count how many cells are blank in the be
Question 11 a straight forward one - just type i
False 2
dairy
1
False
45
1
False
Question 12 By using COUNTA function please count how many cells are non
False
dairy
1 7
False
45
1
False
Total ?
No's
11.435 11
12.67 13
3.897 4
15.99 16
1.08 1
No's
11.435 11
12.67 12
3.897 3
15.99 15
1.08 1
Using MROUND function round the below numbers to the nearest multiple of 5
Question 16 is a straight forward function - just type the syntax an
No's
11.435 10
12.67 15
3.897 5
15.99 15
1.08 0
No's
3 4
2.9 4
1.6 2
4.8 6
33.99 34
No's
3 3
2.9 3
1.6 3
4.8 5
33.99 35
1/1/1985 1/1/1995
5113 1461
1/1/1999 1/1/1999
Question 20 Using WEEKDAY function find the day of the week in the
1/1/1985 3
1/1/1999 6
{=TODAY()}
Please write down a function to find out the last day of the current month i
Question 22
parameter see what happens wh
{=EOMONTH(1,12)}
Result
Example 23 38 3333 23383333
10 675 435 10675435
78 567 888 78567888
Question 24 Please print service provider using a formula. Look at the starting 2 digits - 75 as
7545810268
7545810269
7645317231
7645317232
7645317233
7425815630
7545810269
7545810270
7545810271
7545810272
7545810273
7425815630
7425815631
7425815632
7425815633
7825815633
7825815633
2323232321
7545810273
Product
Coconut
Hazelnut
Coconut
Mango
Banana
Mango
Date
Orange
Hazelnut
Apple
Mango
Mango
Banana
gth 5 (Add 0's at the front if the length of the postcode is less than 5)
me in their respective columns
y using sumif function. The first one has been done as an example
t the exact number of word love in the below table
t contain text in the below table. (* is used to tell excel that you are looking for text
strings)
count how many cells consists True as word.
are blank in the below table (Though we have not gone through this function but it is
ard one - just type it and pass the range)
he current month in the below box. (Use EOMONTH function and for the months
e what happens when you use 0, 1, 2)
rting 2 digits - 75 as vodafone, 74 as EE, 76 as Tesco, 78 as Lyca and the rest as others
ty and cost for the table below.
City Price
?
? ?
? ?
? ?
? ?