Name Ms. Joielley Nichole C.

Mercedes
Course Principles of Medical Laboratory Sciences 2 – Laboratory
Time Allotted 2 Hours

TOPIC Phlebotomy: Specimen Collection Training

RATIONALE AND BACKGROUND
nd
During the 2 Semester of the students’ first year taking up Bachelor of Science in Medical
Laboratory Sciences, they will be having Principles of Medical Laboratory Sciences 2 –
Laboratory, which mainly focuses on the actually duties of the students inside the clinical
laboratory. One of the topics under this course is Phlebotomy; wherein students will be taught
the proper collection of blood, order of draw, and of course proper workplace etiquette. The
different PPEs (Personal Protective Equipment) will also be reiterated to the students, however
this time, they will be asked to perform the proper donning and doffing of these equipment in
class.

Phlebotomy, also called blood draw or venepuncture, is when someone uses a needle to take
blood from a vein (Shlamovitz, 2020). This is a very important tool for the diagnosis of medical
conditions. The blood is drawn by professionals and trained personnel, as is sent to a laboratory
for testing.

The purpose of this particular lesson is to teach the students the proper procedures of drawing
blood in a laboratory setting. The students, of course, have expected that drawing blood is part
of the profession that they are studying for. During PMLS 1, they have been introduced to the
different sections in the clinical laboratory, and are expected to be familiar with some of the
topics to be discussed, much like the responsibilities and duties of the Medical Laboratory
Scientist.

Some students have fear of needles or blood in particular, which is why we, as instructors, are
to help them overcome this fear by showing and teaching them the proper way of blood
collection.
LESSON OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
1. Practice proper donning and doffing of Personal Protective Equipment
2. Perform proper patient etiquette
3. Perform venepuncture on a dummy arm
4. Perform venepuncture on a selected partner successfully, following proper phlebotomy
procedures
LIST OF MATERIALS AND RESOURCES
1. The Phlebotomy Textbook by Marjorie A. Di Lorenzo and Susan King Strasinger
2. Phlebotomy: A Competency Based Approach by Kathryn A. Booth and Lillian Mundt
3. Phlebotomy Essentials by Ruth E. McCall and Cathee M. Tankersley (Wolters Kluwer)
4. So, You’re Going to Collect a Blood Specimen: An Introduction to Phlebotomy by
Frederick L. Kiechle
5. Love Your Patients! Improving Patient Satisfaction with Essential Behaviors That
Enrich the Lives of Patients and Professionals by Scott Louis Diering
6. Handbook of Phlebotomy by Garland E. Pendergraph
PROCEDURES
A. Introduction and Motivation
1. The instructor will be reiterating a brief history of Phlebotomy, which is to be
discussed in PMLS 2 – Lecture beforehand. Letting the students know about the
different phlebotomy strategies in the past will trigger their desire to learn about
how it was done, and the subsequent developments it had gone through.
B. Lesson Body
Name Ms. Joielley Nichole C. Mercedes
Course Principles of Medical Laboratory Sciences 2 – Laboratory
Time Allotted 2 Hours

1. The different personal protective equipment will be discussed, as well as the proper
donning, doffing, storage, and disposal. In this portion of the lecture, the students will
be asked to take down notes as they will be performing it in the later activity.
2. The students will be asked to perform the donning and doffing of PPE, which will be
done by group so less time is consumed.
3. The venepuncture procedure will be discussed, as well as the proper way of greeting
the patient.
4. The venepuncture procedure will be performed by the teacher on a volunteer
student, or a willing co-instructor. This demonstration will be done so that the
students observe what happens in a real-life setting. This is will done according to
the Handbook of Phlebotomy by Pendergraph.
5. Before the students are to perform this procedure on the dummy arms provided by
the school, a short interactive quiz will be done which serves as a review before the
actually performance task. The following questions should be asked by the instructor:
 What vein should be prioritized when taking blood and why? What vein
should be considered next if this vein cannot be palpated?
 Should you ask the patient to confirm his or her name? Why or why not?
 What angle should the needle be in before insertion? Why?
 In the instance that blood has clotted, what will be the proper procedure?
C. Lesson Closure
1. After the short re-cap activity, the students will be asked to perform the venepuncture
procedure on the dummy arms. There will be 3 dummy arms available, and the
instructor as well as the student assistant will oversee their performances. Each
student has 3 attempts to properly insert the needle, and obtain the “blood”. If a
student will still not be able to perform the procedure, he/she will not be permitted to
perform it on his or her partner. Students who fail to successfully draw “blood” from
the dummy arm will be given another chance after all the other students have
finished.
2. Students, who have already been able to draw blood from the arm, will be permitted
to perform venepuncture on their partners. This will be overseen by the instructor
and will be done after both students have finished drawing blood from the dummy
arm.
3. The students will automatically be given a perfect score provided that:
a) They have drawn the sufficient amount of blood
b) They performed the procedure correctly
c) They were able to practice proper etiquette

EVALUATION
a. Student Assessment
INFORMAL EVALUATION
- After the students have successfully drawn blood from their partners, they will be
asked the following questions:
1. What was the most difficult part of the venepuncture procedure?
2. How did you overcome it?
- For students who were not able to complete the demonstration, they will be given
some time before the start of the lesson in the next meeting. Before this, the students
will be having remedial classes with the instructor for training.
FORMAL EVALUATION
- A quiz will be administered to measure their knowledge on venepuncture and the
Name Ms. Joielley Nichole C. Mercedes
Course Principles of Medical Laboratory Sciences 2 – Laboratory
Time Allotted 2 Hours

personal protective equipment.

b. Self-Evaluation
- This section is to be completed after the successful delivery of the lesson.

DIAGRAMS
The instructor will be asked to follow the procedure below which is from the Handbook of
Phlebotomy by Garland E. Pendergraph:
Name Ms. Joielley Nichole C. Mercedes
Course Principles of Medical Laboratory Sciences 2 – Laboratory
Time Allotted 2 Hours

REFERENCES
Pendergraph, G. E. (1992). Handbook of phlebotomy. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger.

Shlamovitz, G. Z. (2020, March 26). Phlebotomy. Retrieved December 13, 2020, from
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1998221-overview