Tutorial 4

Protection
Question 1 - (Page 4-2 and 4-3)

i) Unit Protection
• Differential Protection Relay for transformer & generator & motor
• Solkor R for cable feeder

ii) Non-Unit Protection

• DTL & IDMTL O/C & balanced E/F protection relays for radial network
Question 2 - (Page 4-3)

Three basic protection components of a non-unit protection

• Current transformers
• Protection relays
• Trip coils (solenoids) of circuit breakers
Question 3 – (Page 4-5)

Two functions of current transformers

• Reduce or step down the primary current
• Isolate the connected secondary equipment like protection relays from the
high voltage in the primary
Question 4 - (Page 4-6)
CT 1: 300/5 A, 5P20, 15 VA
CT 2: 300/1 A, 5P20, 15 VA

• The difference is in the rated secondary current Is of 5A & 1A

• Both CTs have the same Accuracy Limit Primary (ALP) current, i.e.,
ALP = rated primary current x accuracy limit factor
= 300 A x 20
= 6 kA
Question 6

a) One application where DTL relay is used instead of IDMTL relay

In systems where fault levels at various locations do not vary greatly

b) One application where IDMTL relay is used instead of DTL relay

In systems where the relay is required to operate in the shortest time for a
large fault current
Question 8

For 60/5 A current transformer:

IP (A) IS (A)
24 2
60 5
120 10

IS
IP = × Rated primary curent
Rated secondary current
Question 9
For 100/5 A current transformer:

Primary Current IP (A) Secondary current IS (A)

50 2.5
100 5
200 10
500 25
1000 50
IP
IS = × Rated secondary curent
Rated primary current