James Louis P.

Barojabo
CEIT-29-302P (LCES)
Article Questions.

ARTICLE 1156
1. In what latin word derived the term obligation?
2. What is juridical necessity?
3. It refers to the manner in which an obligation is manifested or incurred.
4. What is the four (4) essential requisites of obligation?
5. It is the person who has a right.
6. It is the person who has a duty.
7. Also called subject matter of the obligation.
8. Also called efficient cause.
9. It is an act or perfomance which the law will enforce.
10. What are the essential elements of legal wrong?

ARTICLE 1157
1. Obligations arises from?
2. What are the sources of obligations?
3. These obligation may be considered as arising from law.
4. A source of an obligation which imposed by law itself.
5. A source of an obligation which arise from the stipulation of the parties.
6. It is a source of an obligation which arise from damage caused to another through an act or
omission.
7.Pivate acts subdivided into?
8. It is a source of an obligation which arise from civil liability which is the consequence of a
criminal offense.
9. What is illicit acts?
10. What is licit acts?
ARTICLE 1158
1. What is legal obligation?
2. Why legal obligation are not presumed?
3. What is civil code?
4. What is special law?
5. What is labor code?
6. What is revised penal code?
7. What is insurance code?
8. What is corporation code?
9. What is negotiable instruments law?
10. What is national internal revenue code?

ARTICLE 1159
1. What is contractual obligation?
2. What is contract?
3. What is compliance in good faith?
4. What is binding force?
5. What is breach of contract?
6. It a rule of action
7. What are the requirements to valid or void the contract?
8. What are the 2 factors must be observed to prevent one party taking unfair advantage over the
other.
9. It is the act or performance which the law will enforce.
10. It arises from lawful, voluntary and unilateral act.
ARTICLE 1160
1. obligations derived from quasi-contracts shall be subject to the provisions of what?
2. In what article treats obligations arising from contracts implied in law?
3. It is the juridical relation resulting from lawful, voluntary and unilateral acts by virtue.
4. It is a meeting of the minds or consent of two persons.
5. It is the voluntary management of the property or affairs of another without consent of the
latter.
6. What is solutio indebiti?
7. What is negotiorum gestio?
8. Other example of quasi-contracts provided in what article of civil code?
9. What are the two kinds of quasi-contracts?
10. What are the two requisites in solutio indebiti?

ARTICLE 1161
1. What is civil obligation?
2. Civil obligation shall be governed by what law?
3. This article deals with civil liability for damages arising from crimes or delicts.
4. What are the three scope of civil liabilty?
5. Civil liability for damages is governed by what?
6. What is quasi-contracts?
7. What is restitution?
8. What are the causes of crimes?
9. What is civil liabilty?
10. What is the meaning of delicts?

ARTICLE 1162
1. It is a act or omission by a person which causes damage to another person.
2. Obligations derived from quasi-delicts shall be governed by what provision and law?
3. What are the five requisites of quasi-delicts?
4. What is the definition of obligation?
5. give the definition of quasi-contract
6. What is compliance in good faith
7. Distinguished wrong.
8. What is solutio indebiti?
9. Distinguished right.
10. What are the elements of legal wrong.

ARTICLE 1163 ( Chapter 2)

1. What is personal obligation?
2. What is specific thing?
3. What is generic thing?
4. What are the duties of debtor in obligation to give a determinate thing?
5. What is ordinary care?
6. What is real obligation?
7. Give definition of debtor.
8. Give defintion of creditor.
9. What is obligation?
10. What are the two kinds of personal obligation?

ARTICLE 1164
1. What are the different kind of fruit?
2. It is spontaneous products of the soil, and other product of animal.
3. What is real right?
4. What is personal right?
5. What is civil fruit?
6. What is natural fruit?
7. What is the meaning of the phrase "he shall acquire no real right over it until the same has
been delivered to him."
8. It is a denifinite active subject without any definite passive subject.
9. It is a definite active subject and definite passive subject.
10. What is article 1164?

ARTICLE 1165
1. What is real obligation?
2. What is generic real obligation?
3. What are the rights in the case of the debtor fails to comply his obligation?
4. What is generic thing?
5. What is specific thing?
6. What is mora?
7. What is the meaning of genus nunquam perit?
8. What is rescission?
9. The compliance with an obligation to deliver a specific thing is governed by what article?
10. What is article 1165 all about?

ARTICLE 1166
1. What is accessions?
2. What is accessories?
3. What is Article 1167?
4. What are the three situations contemplated in Article 1167?
5. What are the two remedies of creditor in positive personal obligation?
6. What is article 1166?
7. It is the fruit of the thing or improvements upon a thing.
8. It is things joined to or included with the principal thing for the latter's embellishment.
9. Who is the third person?
10. What is personal obligation?

ARTICLE 1167
1. What is personal obligation?
2. It is things joined to or included with the principal thing for the latter's embellishment.
3. What are the three situations contemplated in Article 1167?
4. What is accessions?
5. Who is the third person?
6. What is accessions?
7. What are the two remedies of creditor in positive personal obligation?
8. It is the fruit of the thing or improvements upon a thing.
9. What is article 1166?
10. What is Article 1167?

ARTICLE 1168
1. In this obligation there is no specific performance.
2. It is the failure to perform an obligation on time which failure constitutes a breach of the
obligation.
3. It is merely the failure to perform an obligation on time.
4. What are the three kinds of delay?
5. It is a delay on debtor to fulfill his obligation.
6. It is a delay of the obligors in reciprocal obligations.
7. A delay in the part of the creditor to accept the performance of the obligation.
8. What are the three conditions that must be present before mora solvendi can exist?
9. What are the two types of delay?
10. What are the effect of delay in mora accipiendi.

ARTICLE 1169
1. It is a delay on debtor to fulfill his obligation.
2. What are the effect of delay in mora accipiendi.
3. It is merely the failure to perform an obligation on time.
4. What are the two types of delay?
5. In this obligation there is no specific performance.
6. It is a delay of the obligors in reciprocal obligations.
7. A delay in the part of the creditor to accept the performance of the obligation.
8. What are the three conditions that must be present before mora solvendi can exist?
9. What are the three kinds of delay?
10. It is the failure to perform an obligation on time which failure constitutes a breach of the
obligation.

ARTICLE 1170
1. What are the four grounds for liability?
2. What is article 1170
3. It implies some kind of malice or dishonesty and it cannot cover cases of mistake and errors of
judgement made in good faith.
4. What is dolo incidente?
5. What is dolo causante?
6. What is deceit?
7. What is culpa?
8. What is mora?
9. It is any voluntary act or omission there is no bad faith, which prevents the normal fulfillment
of an obligation.
10. It is the violation of the terms and conditions stipulated in the obligation.

ARTICLE 1171
1. Distinguished fraud and negligence.
2. It is employed in the fulfillment of an obligation.
3. Why past fraud can be the subject of a valid waiver?
4. According to the time of commission fraud may be?
5. In the performace of every kind of obligation why debtor also liable for damages?
6. It is merely makes the debtor liable for damages in view of his negligencein the fulfillment of
the obligation.
7. What is culpa aquiliana?
8. What is culpa criminal?
9. What is culpa contactual?
10. What are the kinds of negligence?

ARTICLE 1172
1. In the performace of every kind of obligation why debtor also liable for damages?
2. What is culpa aquiliana?
3. What is culpa criminal?
4. According to the time of commission fraud may be?
5. Distinguished fraud and negligence.
6What are the kinds of negligence?
7. What is culpa contactual?
8. Why past fraud can be the subject of a valid waiver?
9. It is employed in the fulfillment of an obligation.
10. It is merely makes the debtor liable for damages in view of his negligencein the fulfillment of
the obligation.

ARTICLE 1173
1. It is the failure to observe for the protection of the interests of another person.
2. What are the four factors considered to determined the issue of negligence?
3. It signify the money compensation awarded to a party for loss or injury resulting from breach
of contract or obligation by the other.
4. What are the kind of negligence required?
5. What is the meaning of negligence?
6. What is the effect of negligence on the part of the injured party?
7. What is article 1173?
8. It is a question of fact,that is l, its existence being dependent upon the particular circumstances
of each case.
9. Kinds of negligence to source of obligation?
10. What are the validity of waiver of action arising from negligence?

ARTICLE 1174
1. Those events which are common and which the contracting parties could reasonably foresee.
2. Those events which are uncommon and which the contracting parties could not have
reasonably foreseen.
3. What are the kinds of fortuitous events?
4. Fortuitous event distinguished from what?
5. What is force majeure?
6. Those events which are totally independent of the will of every human being.
7. It is an event independent of the will of the obligor but not of other human will.
8. What is mora accipiendi?
9. What is the essence of a fortuitous event?
10. Define fortuitous event.

ARTICLE 1175
1. Give the meaning of simple loan or mutuum.
2. Meaning of usury.
3. What is the requisites for recovery of interest.
4. Usurious transactions shall be governed by what law?
5. It is a contract whereby one of the parties delivers to another.
6. It is a contracting or recieving interest in excess of the amount allowed by law for the loan.
7. Is usuary law is non-existent? Why.
8. What is iniquitous?
9. Why is the stipulation for the payment of usurious interest is void?
10. Who issued central bank circular no. 905?

ARTICLE 1176
1. Define presumption.
2. What are the kinds of presumption?
3. When presumptions in Article 1176 do not apply?
4. This presumption cannot be contradicted
like the presumption that everyone is conclusively presumed to know the law.
5. This which can be contradicted or rebutted by presenting proof to the contrary like the
presumption established in Article 1176.
6. Why does presumption is
not applicable if the receipt does not recite that it was issued for a particular installment due as
when the receipt is only dated?
7. In what Article does not apply to the payment of taxes?
8. Why taxes payable by the year are not installments of the same obligation?
9. The first paragraph of Article 1176 applies what?
10. Reservation may be made by?

ARTICLE 1177
1. Define accion subrogatoria.
2. In what law accion subrogatoria came from?
3. Define accion pauliana.
4. Why does he debtor is liable with all his property, present and future, for the fulfillment of his
obligations, subject to the exemptions provided by law?
5. Meaning of pursue the leviable ?
6. What are the remedies available to creditors for the satisfaction of their claims?
7. In case the debtor does not comply with his obligation, who may avail himself of the
following remedies to satisfy his claim?
8. Who is liable with all his property, present and future, for the fulfillment of his obligations?
9. Remedy is sometimes known as?
10. It is essential that the creditor has no other legal remedy to satisfy his claim against his
debtor.
ARTICLE 1178
1. What is transmissibility of rights?
2. Define contract of partnership.
3. What is contract of agency?
4. What is contract of commodatum?
5. Define commodatum.
6. Why the stipulation against transmission must not be contrary to public policy?
7. Why should not be easily implied, but must be clearly proved, or at the very least, clearly
inferable from the provisions of the contract itself?
8.The assignment of credits and other incorporeal rights are governed by what article?
9. Are all rights acquired in virtue of an obligation are generally transmissible. why?
10. Why commodatum is essentially gratuitous?

ARTICLE 1179
1. What are the primary classification of obligations under the Civil Code?
2. What are the secondary classification of obligations under the Civil Code?
3. Give classification of obligations according to Sanchez Roman, by their juridical quality and
effi caciousness.
4. Give classification of obligations according to Sanchez Roman, By the parties or subject.
5. Give classification of obligations according to Sanchez Roman, By the object of the obligation
or prestation.
6. Meaning of pure obligation.
7. Meaning of conditional obligation.
8. What are the characteristics of condition?
9. Give two principal kinds of condition.
10. Meaning of condition.

ARTICLE 1180
1. It refers only to an uncertain and future event.
2. What is really contemplated by the law?
3. This determines whether the obligation
will arise or not.
4. Where duration of period depends
upon the will of debtor?
5. Definition of period.
6. When obligation demandable at?
7. It cannot be said to be a condition since the demandability of an obligation subject to a
condition depends upon whether the event
will happen or will not happen.
8. Difference between suspensive
and resolutory conditions.
9. What is Resolutory condition?
10. What is Suspensive condition?