LITERATURE REVIEW

Literature review gives an overview of what has been said, who the key writers are, what are the
prevailing theories, what questions are being asked? As such, it is not in itself primary research,
but rather it reports on other findings. Digital in banking have been used by the different private
and public sector banks in last 2 decades. During the review of different research papers found
that different research scholar analyzed and submitted their work on some of the form of Digital
Banking.

1. Ioansis (2011).The research described the information system security in scope of Internet
banking in Greece. The main principle of this research is that even if information system
managers and groups have available a variety of security risk management methods, tools and
techniques, they may not make an efficient use of them in the process of risk management.

2. Md. Shoriful (2014). Author in this study evaluated the security challenges of mobile banking
and payments systems. Author further says that a key challenges with gaining user adoption of
mobile banking and payments is the customer’s lack of confidence in security of the services.
There are new security risks introduced with mobile banking and payments that must be
identified and mitigated. While consumers continue to express concern over using their mobile
phone to conduct banking and financial services transactions, it is fear born more of perception
than reality.

3. Rajpreet et al., (2013). In this paper author tries to explore several technology and security
standards the RBI is recommending to banks for safe Internet banking. A modern banking
increasingly relies on the Internet and computer technologies to operate their businesses and
market interactions, the threats and security breaches are highly increase in recent years. Online
banking becomes less secure if users are careless or computer illiterate. Author in this paper has
done the comparison of ICICI bank, OBC bank and HSBC banks based on the recommendation
given by RBI for secure online banking.

4. S.T Bhosale (2012).In this study author proposed new innovative model for biometric ATM
which replaces card system by biometric technology for operating ATMs. Proposed model
provides high security in authentication which also protects service user from unauthorized
 access. This proposed model is designed for the rural farmers, semi-literate peoples. This model
reduces complexity with “authentication is always with you” with high security. It also saves
time, cost and efforts compared with card based ATM’s and also saves environmental pollution
problem of excess number of plastic cards.

5. Vikas et al., (2013).In this paper the author highlighted the significance of data mining
technologies and its advantages in the banking and financial sector. Data mining technology
provides the facility to access the right information at the right time from huge volume of raw
data. Banking industries can adopt the data mining technologies in various areas especially in
customer segmentation and profitability, prediction on prices, values of different investments
products, money market business, fraudulent transaction, risk prediction, prediction on pricing
etc.

6. Virendra (2012).This paper attempts to measures the relative performance of Indian banks. The
analysis support the conclusion that foreign owned banks are on average most efficient and that
new banks are more efficient than old ones. The public sector banks are not as profitable as other
banks. Author also recommended some suggestions to tackle the challenges faced by the banks
particularly public sector banks. Some of the challenges faced by public sector bank are in the
field of technology, management of NPA, Issue of HRM, Public perceptions etc.

7. Kanhaiya et al., (2011). This paper describe about technological innovation in Indian Banking
Sector. The research paper focuses on the way transformation is affecting the banking sector and
the way use of IT services have changed the experience of customers of banking in India. They
further explains that all Indian banks have now providing various online services because of the
developments of digital technology. Their focus is shifting from mass banking to class banking
by providing various value added services to the end customers.

8. Roshan et al., (2012). Authors in this paper describes the e-banking facility provided by various
banks in India. Banks today functions in a highly competitive environment, therefore to sustain
in the competitive world, banks need to use the digital technology for offering the various
services to the banks customers. The paper further describes the different kind of challenges
faced by Indian banks in adoption of technology.
9. Priya Anand (2013). In this paper author compared the online services offered by the SBI and
ICICI Banks in Pune city. It is found that ICICI banks is one of the leading private sector bank in
India offering variety of online banking services. It further evaluated and conclude that in last
few years, SBI came out as a one of the leading public sector banks providing various online
services successfully.

10. Abigael et al., (2013). In this paper effects of Mobile Banking on customers satisfaction in
Kenya has been discussed. The paper further says that banks in Kenya should further work to
promote the Mobile Banking and build a trust among the banking customers. Mobile Banking
offers variety of services like M-banking, M-Payments, M-transfers and M-finance. The bank
customers can use all the mentioned facility with the help of their mobile device and perform the
transactions with convenience.

11. Vishal et al., (2012). In this paper author evaluated the Challenges and Security issues of Mobile
Banking in India. Mobile users in the country are continuously increasing, also with the
advancement of digital technology it is clear that M-commerce is a natural successor to
electronic commerce. Author also highlighted the benefits of Mobile banking like Simplicity and
Usability, Security privacy and trust, cost and speed and so forth. They also describes the various
challenges in the adoption of Mobile banking.

12. Tejinder et al., (2012). In this research paper they have analyzed the various security aspects in
e-banking. They pointed that internet technology has played a key role in the development of
Indian Society. Banking is one of the sector which is using the e-banking technology to reach
their customers. On the other hand they further found that the increase in e-banking facilities
results in increase of criminal activities like spamming, credit card fraud, ATM fraud, Phishing,
identity theft, denial of service and so forth. They discussed in details about Vulnerabilities in E-
banking.

13. Rajiv et al., (2011). Electronic commerce simply means buying and selling of goods and
services on the Internet. In this paper author provided the depth insight about the e-commerce. A
wide variety of commerce is conducted on internet which includes electronic fund transfers,
supply chain management, internet marketing, online transaction processing and so forth. It is
 about using the capability of digital technology to understand the requirements of customers and
partners to customize the product and services for them.

14. Andrew et al., (2011). This study was conducted in Uganda to determine the factors that
influence consumer adoption of Internet Banking services as well as examine the relationship
between Internet Banking Services, customer adoption and customer satisfaction. They have
prepared the questionnaires and collected the data and after analysis they have found that there
was strong and positive relationship between internet banking and consumer adoption and
customer satisfaction.

15. Archana (2011). In this paper author evaluated the adoption of mobile banking and discussed
about the challenges of mobile banking. Author defined mobile banking as “the provision of
banking services to customers on their mobile devices.” According to recent research findings
and forecast in business, media and academia, mobile phones and hand held devices should have
been firmly established as an alternative form of payment in most technologically advanced
societies.

16. Sunil et al., (2013). Mobile Banking is a system of providing services to a customer to carry out
the banking transactions on the mobile phone through a cellular service provider. We can rather
call this facility as “Any where and Any moment banking” Mobile Banking helps in providing
the better customers services. Customer can avail variety of banking services on mobile without
visiting the bank branches like balance enquiry, Cheque book request, Bill Payment and so forth.

17. Niranjanamurthy et al., (2013). In this paper author highlighted the security issue in E-
Commerce and their solutions. E-Commerce offers the banking industry great opportunity, but
also creates a set of new risks and vulnerability such as security threats. Information security,
therefore is an essential management and technical requirement for any efficient and effective
Payment transaction activities over the internet.

18. Gugapriya et al., (2013). Location Based Services (LBS) is mobile service that has the
capability to provide the real time information based on the user’s location. Author’s proposed
work is design to provide a new way to access the bank transaction by android mobiles. So it is
 easy way to access the banking transaction. Location based service used to identify nearest ATM
centers by using GPS. Hence ATM Location and fund transaction becomes easier.

19. Md. Monirul Islam (2015). Author says that computer technology has become one of the
important tool for organization to grow. Banking sector all across the globe are using multiple
digital technology to provide the better services to the customers. In this paper challenges and
prospects of Internet Banking in Bangladesh has been discussed. According to author bank all
across the country uses modern technology for providing banking facility to customers with low
cost and quick services.

20. Kazi Abdul et al., (2013). Mobile Banking is the part of Digital Banking. In this paper authors
investigated the various factors which affects the adoption of Mobile Banking in Pakistan. Their
research was mainly focused on under banked/unbanked low income population of Pakistan. In
their analysis they have found that there are several factors which affects the adoption of mobile
banking in Pakistan. The factors are social influence, risk, usefulness and easy to use.

21. Hermanis et al., (2011). The author says that internet banking can be used by the bank for
marketing the different financial product. He also explains that internet banking is one of the
innovative product offered by many banks all across the globe. If we compare the internet
banking with traditional banking then we will find that internet banking is convenient way of
performing banking transactions and it helps in saving the paper, energy and other sources and
helps in decreasing the carbon footprint in sustainable development.

22. Shidrokh et al., (2013). The authors say that customers are the basic and important source of an
organization’s revenue. If banks want to increase the revenue then they have to attract more and
more customers. Internet Banking plays vital role for the banks as it offers variety of services
and reach to large amount of customers. They further points that online transactions are often
accompanied by feelings of fear and anxiety among customers. Therefore it becomes necessary
for banks to build trust among the customers.
23. Rifat O Shannak., (2013). Author in this paper evaluated the strengths and weakness of e-
banking in Jordan. He has taken the case of 2 Joradian banks where one bank is using the e-
banking from last couple of years whereas the second bank started recently, but both the banks
have positive impact of e-banking on their customers and clients. Author further described that
the various advantages of e-banking like convenient, comfortable and easy to do financial
transactions, provide 24x7 service to the customers and speedy in conducting the digital
transactions and so forth.

24. Makini et al., (2013). Authors in this paper used term “Branch less Banking” for Digital
Banking. They further pointed that branchless banking is one of the important way towards
financial inclusion, therefore there is a tremendous increase in branchless banking penetrations in
many countries. In their study they have evaluated the primary data collected by way of survey
in Bondo Township in Kenya. They have found that the consumer education plays important role
in the adoption of branchless banking.

25. Rabindranath et al., (2015). Author in this paper highlighted the importance of technology in
our daily life. They consider internet is one of the necessities of social life. We cannot live
without internet and life will be in isolation without the technology. They further mentioned that
banking sector has undergone tremendous changes post liberalization and globalization. Banks
started using information technology innovatively for development of electronic commerce.

26. Akram et al., (2011). In this paper authors evaluated the impact of selected factors on
customer’s interest to use internet banking in Bahrain. Different forms of digital technology is
the best way to provide customers with the banking services irrespective of time and
geographical locations. They have described the three factors which plays the key role in the
adoption of internet banking among customers namely credibility which includes security and
privacy, easy to use and benefit of use.

27. Abdulaziz et al., (2008). In this research paper authors discuss and examines the end users
perception of using internet banking in Qatar. According to author banks are heavily depend on
digital technology in order to reduce the huge paper operation cost and provide good services to
customers by means of different digital technology.
28. Ibok et al., (2011). The authors in the paper evaluated and identified the factors that determined
customer’s satisfaction with the internet banking in the context of Nigerian banking. The factors
are easy access of accounts, control of accounts, easy to use, privacy and security. Customer
satisfaction is necessary to increase the adoption of Internet Banking. They further suggests that
if all this factors are taken care by the bank management team, then this will increase the
adoption and satisfaction among internet bank users.

29. Farshad et al., (2013). A group of students in their paper points that the number of factors have
forced banking and financial institution to change their way of operations. Those factors are
increase in competitions, change in business environment, globalization and the advancement of
digital technology. Digital Banking is the future of the banking sector. It provides various
benefits to the customers.

30. Gunajit et al., (2010). Authors say that there is a rapid increase in the usage pattern of internet
banking across the world. Internet banking allows all banking users to perform the banking
transaction digitally as per the convenience. Authors further points that as more and more
customers are attracting towards internet banking, it is the responsibility of the banks to focus on
providing the highly secured environment to perform the electronic transactions.

31. Panida et al., (2012). Over the last few decades digital technology has been introduced by the
banks to improve the operational and managerial performance within the banking sector.
Security, integrity and privacy plays important role in internet banking because of the negative
impact on the banks and its customers. The authors in this paper evaluated internet banking
security in nine foreign subsidiary banks in Australia.

32. Mahmoud et al., (2015). A group of faculty in their research work points that over the period of
time different digital technology has been introduced to customers by banking sector. Today
some of the digital technology in the place are online credit card management, online internet
banking, mobile banking and so forth. They further pointed that digital security is necessary for
the satisfaction, success, usages, efficiency and effectiveness of digital world. One of the
obstacle mentioned in this paper is lack of security for the growth of internet banking.
33. Paul Jeffery (2010). Author in this paper discusses about four scenario related to cybercrimes
particularly pointing at financial institution. He further explains about different malicious activity
and malware practices followed by hackers for causing security issues and threats to financial
institution. It is the responsibility of the financial institution to protect and secure the customer
information. Some of the recent crime category of criminals and threat to digital banking
information security systems are Cyber Crooks, Network Hackers, Cyber Pirates, Internet
Thieves and so forth.

34. S.M. Sohel et al., (2012). A group of lecturer and officers in this paper discussed the problems
and future of mobile banking in Bangladesh. They have collected the primary data by way of
survey and interview in Dhaka city. After analysis of the collected data they have found that 61%
of people in Dhaka city think that mobile banking is the best way of doing banking transactions
digitally as it saves time compare to traditional banking. Government of Bangladesh thinks
mobile banking has a great prospects in the country and helps in digital Bangladesh.

35. Kumari et al., (2014). Authors in this paper evaluated the impact of mobile banking services on
customer satisfaction in Srilanka. They have done their analysis on Srilanka State Commercial
Bank. They agreed that revolution in mobile technology created an environment to explore the
financial transactions in a very easy way and created a wide opportunities for banking sector in
Srilanka. Mobile Banking in Srilanka is having a better future as it will contribute to the
development of the country through promotion of better financial services.