Sociology Project Report

Organization: Shaukat
Khanum Cancer
Hospital
 GROUP MEMBERS

ALISHBA AFTAB (15-BS-R-16)

ALEENA IMRAN (15-BS-R-17)

NAMRA CHEEMA (15-BS-R-44)

SAMIA YOUNAS (15-BS-R-46)

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the name of ALLAH who is the most merciful, He is the one who grant us with the knowledge
of doing things that we are not worth doing.

In the compilation of this report we had to take help of some respected persons who deserves
our greatest gratitude. We will like to show our gratitude to MISS SOBIA KHURRAM for giving
us a good guideline for our project. In the end we are thankful to the cooperative staff of
SKMCH specially the manager MUHAMMAD ALI. We thank all the people for their help to
complete our report.
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

SKMCH&RC started its operation in 1994 as the first largest cancer hospital in PAKISTAN.
Except of this hospital, there are many other lab center and funds collection centers. It
competes on the basis of its modern equipment and technology. It prompts its management
and doctors to serve the needy patients diligently. It follows the modern technology to
maintain the hospitals data.

SKMCH&RC has 24 developed departments. Each department has a head of department

responsible for the functioning of the department. In the hospital the employees and the
patients are bound to follow the rules and regulations. It’s culture has the common moral
values of democratic leadership, open communication and responsibility.

Now after the great success of SKMCH&RC in LAHORE and PESHAWAR, the organization is
focusing to expand its services further. This can be the benchmark for other hospitals of
PAKISTAN because of its outstanding doctors and managements. Motivational leadership leads
the motivation of employees to serve the patients.
 INDUSTRIAL ANALYSIS

Industrial analysis is usually done on the basis of two segments. One is the industrial analysis of
cancer hospitals and the second considers the industrial performance of hospitals.

The global healthcare industry is growing fast. NETSOL technologies understand this need and
have developed a strong collaboration with SHAUKAT KHANUM. It is the only place where poor
cancer patients are treated free of cost. It is internationally ranked as IT development
organization and largest cancer hospital in PAKISTAN.

Sub segment overview of hospitals in PAKISTAN:

Factors Comments
Demand & Supply With growing number of patients and
increase in population, high preference is
placed on the private sector hospitals.

Key Players Agha Khan Hospital, Ziauddin, Liaqat National

Hospital & SKCH are amongst the leading
hospitals in LAHORE.
Trade Body Private Hospitals Association
Recent Developments Government is keen on enhancing the public
private hospital partnership to tackle the
healthcare issues.
Future Prospects It shows the relation between the increase in
population and rise in income level.
 INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
The inspiration to build SHAUKAT KHANUM came from suffering of one individual, the mother
of IMRAN KHAN. His mother’s death and dealing with it, convinced him of the need of the state
of cancer hospital with access to everyone. The result of this was SHAUKAT KHANUM
HOSPITAL.

SKMCH was inaugurated on 29 December 1994, as the first cancer hospital of Pakistan. It is a
research oriented cancer specialized hospital located in Lahore as well as in Peshawar. It is a
project of Shaukat Khanum Memorial Trust. It is a Utilitarian and as well as Normative
organization. SHAUKAT KHANUM has established itself as a center of excellence over last two
decades.

VISION

 Let’s bowl out cancer.

 Cancer is curable.
MISSION
“To act as a model institution to alleviate the suffering of patients with cancer through best
possible treatment and to perform research into cause and treatment of cancer.”

SLOGAN
 Two crescents represents S for SHAUKAT KHANUM.
 Nursing cap represents serving patients with care.
 Star represents glory , peace, success and new life.
COPERATE VALUES
 Respect
 Teamwork
 Integrity
 Welfare
 Accountability

Welfare
Their foremost value is the welfare of their patients. They want to serve
humanity.
Integrity
They are highly committed to integrity. They follow the core principles of
kindness and honesty.
Respect
They respect each other and their values.
Teamwork
They highly believe in teamwork. Their success depends on coordination
between nursing, pharmacy and many more disciplines.
Accountability
They put special efforts on accountability because it is a fundraising organization.
They have a proper check and balance system because without that they cannot
gain trust of people.
 BUREAUCRACY
A bureaucracy is an organizational model rationally designed to perform tasks efficiently.
Bureaucratic officials regularly create and revise policy. Organizations in the public and private
sector, including universities, governments and other organizations rely on bureaucracies to
function.

BUREAUCRATIC ORGANIZATION
A bureaucratic organization is a form of management that has a pyramidal command structure.
It is very organized with a high degree of formality in the way it operates. Organizational charts
generally exist for every department, and decisions are made through an organized process.

WEBER’S SIX POINTS OF BUREAUCRATIC

ORGANIZATION

The German sociologist Max Weber argued that bureaucracy

contains the most methodical and rational way in which one can
organize human activity, that systematic processes and organized
hierarchies which are necessary to maintain order, efficiency and
abolish favoritism.
In order to remove inequality and irrationality, Weber presented six rational principles for
bureaucracy. The principles are as follows:

 SPECIALIZATION
 HIERARCHY OF JOBS
 RULES AND REGULATIONSs
 IMPERSONALITY
 TECHNICAL COMPETENCE
 FORMAL AND WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS

SPECAILIZATION OF TASK
It means how the organization has divided its work into different departments. All the
individuals in the departments are assigned particular jobs which results that department as a
whole works to achieve a common aim. This enables the organizations to achieve a common
aim by taking work from every individual to achieve a specialized task. Due to this many
workers from low level to high level work together and inequity lacks behind. This removes the
sense of irresponsibility from those who don’t take their jobs seriously.
This organization has divided its work into different departments. Each department perform its
own task and every individual performs its own job. The hospital has the following
departments:

 SHAUKAT KHANUM DIAGNOSTIC CENTER

 COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH CARE CLINIC
 MARKETING DEPARTMENT
 FINANCE DEPARTMENT
 HUMAN RESOURSE DEPARTMENT
 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS)

SHAUKAT KHANUM DIAGNOSTIC CENTER

It is one of the leading diagnostic centers available in the market that provides a wide range and
excellent services to the customer.

COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH CARE CLINIC

It is one of the leading health care clinics in PAKISTAN that provides best health care facilities to
the patients and provides them opportunities to evaluate their health status. It also enables the
patients to discuss ways with the health care professionals to remain healthy.

MARKETING DEPARTMENT
It controls all the activities of the hospital associated with buying and selling a service. It
includes advertising, benefits, selling and delivery services to the people.

FINANCE DEPARTMENT
It controls all the finance and accounts of the hospital. It is estimated about 1,50,000 new
cancer cases are diagnosed each year and this hospital was built with the mission of providing
the best facilities for cancer patients irrespective of their ability to pay. Thus this provides loans
to those who cannot afford a treatment here.

HUMAN RESOURSE DEPARTMENT

This department controls all the activities of payrolls, benefits, hiring and firing etc of the
employees.

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

The whole hospital system, activities and functions are regulated by this department. It
develops and maintains broad knowledge of hospital’s requirements and needs. It manages
budget developments and schedules. It ensures data accuracy and MIS policies. It also develops
improvements in hospitals managements. All of the system we can say is regulated by this
department.

SERVICES
Moving to the services which is also the part of specialization of tasks the hospital is providing
the following services:

 Ambulatory Services
 Anesthesiology
 Clinical radiology
 Medical oncology
 Pathology
 Pharmacy

HIERARCHY OF JOBS
It comes from a Greek word hieros meaning “sacred” and archein meaning “to rule”.

It is the relationship between managing directors and CEO from top to bottom in the form of
pyramid, with High, Middle and Low level managements.
  HIGH LEVEL MANAGEMENT
The high level management with the board of governors comprises of bankers, businessmen,
researchers and physicians.

 MIDDLE LEVEL MANAGEMENT

It contains managing directors and CEO’s. Each department is controlled by a managing director
and all departments are collectively controlled by a CEO.

 LOW LEVEL MANAGEMENT

It involves a professional team from nursing, administrative and clinical backgrounds.

You can see the pictorial representation of hospitals management.

MANAGEMENT DUTIES
 SKMCH practices a bureaucratic style of management.
 The board of governors formulates the overall policies.
 The Head of department involves his employees in decision making.
 Day to day functions of the hospital is handled by the professional team of
administrators, doctors, nurses, etc.
 HUMAN RESOURSE DEPARTMENT; HIERARCHY
 HEAD OF DEPARTMENT
Human resource manager: MUHAMMAD ALI
 FUNCTIONS
Training and development: two employees

Compensation and benefits: four employees

Education and performance management: five employees

Recruitment & selection: four employees

RULES AND REGULATIONS

SHAUKAT KHANUM has a very strong and corporate culture.

Characteristics are as follows:

 People orientation is considered while decision making.
 Employees should be innovative and risk takers to some extent.
 Employs must reach office in time.
 It only accepts reports generated from SHAUKAT KHANUM laboratories.
 The consumption of food is restricted to designated areas such as cafeterias and
impatient rooms.
 Smoking is prohibited in SKMCH&RC premises including all its buildings and grounds.
 Only one attendant is allowed to accompany the patient due to capacity constraints.
 The doctors are not allowed to serve in other hospitals.

RULES AND REGULATIONS OF MEMEBERHIP

 Membership is free of cost for all.
 Membership is only allowed to the children under the age of 18.
 Signature of parent/guardian is required for membership.
 During the activities of the club the member has an option to participate or not.
 All the rewards are provided on merit.
 Any tour outside the hospitals requires parent permission.
  Members are open to suggest activities for the club.
 There is a right of freedom movement in any department of the hospital.
 Every one receives the right to do their work without nay discrimination.

IMPERSONALITY
The notable feature of bureaucracy is that relationship among individuals governed through the
system of rules. Official positions are free from personal involvement. Decisions are governed
by rational factors rather than personal factors.

 Management at SKMCH always tries to improve the satisfaction of its employees by taking
care of impersonality factor.
 Decisions are governed by rational factors than personal factors.
 The managers of SKMCH tend to involve the suggestion of their employees while making
decisions.
 They give authorities to their sub ordinates.

CORE PRINCIPLES
 Quality
 Transparency
 Equity
 Merit

SELECTION CRITERIA
 At SKMCH experienced candidates are preferred and hired.
 The selection of new employees is based on merit without and biasing towards gender,
race, color, nationality and age.
 It is according to the procedure laid down in HRD policies.
SELECTION PROCEDURE
 Filling out the applications
 Application screening (short listing)
 Test
 Interview
 Final selection
 Orientation
 Training

HIRING PROCESS
 Written test are conducted for nursing jobs.
 Interviews are conducted for top level management jobs.
 It also takes care of impersonality factor for its patients.
 It is providing free treatment to its patients irrespective of their socioeconomic status.

TECHNICAL COMPETENCE

It is the ability to perform assigned tasks within an occupation according to set standards,
consistently and overtime.
LEVEL OF COMPETENCE
 1. FOUNDATION
Working under supervisions and carrying out task under established processes.
2. INTERMEDIATE
Working as a part of the team and carrying out some tasks independently, being
responsible for the quality of your own work.
3. SENIOR
This level exercises professional judgment. Responsible for leading the team.

Technical competencies considered at SHAUKAT KHANUM for hiring employees are as

follows
 Organizational skills
 Verbal and written communication
 Teamwork
 Good computer skills
 Highly responsible

The monitoring system of SHAUKAT KHANUM is very strong and up to date. They monitor the
performance of their employees to increase their technical competence in order to provide
best services to their patients.
At SKMCH, the head of each department apply three different types of control which are as
follows
 Forward control
 Feedback control
 Quality control

FORWARD CONTROL
This type of control is used to evaluate the resources of the hospital. It is applied at input
level. This control helps to check and recheck the quality of the services they are providing
to their patients.

FEEDBACK CONTROL
Through this control they get the feedback of their patients. It is applied at output level.
Comfort of their patients is among their foremost priorities.
 QUALITY CONTROL
This modern controlling system is used to maintain and increase the quality of the
hospital.

MOTIVATIONAL TOOLS
Apart from monitoring and controlling, they also motivate their employees through different
ways.
 Prize distribution ceremony
 Employee of the year certificate
 Cricket festival
 Annual feast
 Open book management
 Flexible working hours

EMPLOYEE OF THE YEAR

The performance of all the employees is consistency monitored and at the end of the year,
one employee for each department with highest points is given a certificate along with prize
money.

ANNUAL FEAST
SKMCH arranges annual feast at the end of each year, where musical evening is organized
for the entertainment of employees as a token of acknowledgement of their hard work.

CRICKET FESTIVAL
It organizes a cricket festival every year normally in the month of JUNE in which every
department has to contribute RS 2000. The winner prize is RS 25000 and runner up prize is
RS 10000. Trophies are also given to the winner and runner up.

FLEXIBLE WORKING HOURS

Employees are allowed to avail flexible working hours. If they work late till evening they are
allowed to come late on the other day morning. Changing of morning and evening shifts is
also allowed.

FORMAL AND WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS

It is the mechanism for ensuring that information gets to the people who need it and also a
mechanism to ensure accountability.

 In SKMCH, the flow of communication is both vertical and lateral.

 Strong and cooperative communication system.
 Intranet communication system is used to share ideas frequently.

RECORD KEEPING SYSTE

 Appointments can also be taken by emailing the OPD Manager.

 Record keeping is done for appointments on daily basis.
 They have a Medical Record Department that handle patient’s history.
  Records are also kept of what information was sent to whom.
 They keep the records of decisions they make.
 They keep the records of funds, donations and expenditures.
 MIS (Management Information System) department of SKMCH has a hospital
information system that regulates the whole hospital system and has all the
information.

FACTS

 SKMCH is ranked as the 5th best hospital of PAKISTAN.

 The hospital claims that 75% of its patients are being treated for free.
 Pakistani actor Fawad Khan dedicated his debut Bollywood film
to the foundation.
 Shaukat Khanum also runs a campaign for Breast Cancer
awareness.
 Imran Khan donated his plot worth Rs.5 crore to Shaukat Khanum
Peshawar.