CHAPTER IV

RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter deals with the findings of this research and discussion. The

researcher describes the students’ ability which consists of 4 classes in translating

Indonesian sentences into English which is measured by using 4 categories. They

are grammatical adjustment, lexical adjustment, addition, and adaptation. This

research describes the score of four science classes as a sample. Therefore, the

researcher presents the result of students’ translation in the form of score and

describes it deeply. First, the researcher describes the score of the students in

every class; they are class XI science 2, 4, 5, and 6. Then, the score of every class

is collected and divided according to the total of students to get the result of the

students’ average ability. By knowing the result, the researcher knows the

students’ ability in translating Indonesian sentences into English individually and

collectively.

A. The Ability of the students in translating Indonesian sentences into

English in class XI Science Program

In this section, the researcher presents the students’ ability in translating

Indonesian sentences into English in every class. The result of the students’

score in class XI Science 2, 4, 5, and 6 are presented individually.

1. The Ability of the students in translating Indonesian sentences into

English in class XI Science 2

The result of the students’ score in class XI Science 2 is presented

individually as follows:

39
 40

Table 4.1
Class XI Science 2
No. Subject Score
1 Alvira 70
2 Choirina Fidaroini 70
3 Dewi Infi. M 69
4 Munfaridhotul 66
5 M. Lutfika 49
6 M. Khotibul Umam 52
7 Ima Fitri NH 49
8 Hasna Dwi K 54
9 Bahrizal HS 48
10 Iluk Auliya 53
11 Adeliana 63
12 Ainun SA 77
13 Dewi. H 44
14 Effa Nur Aziza 55
15 Khomsya 54
16 Nur Koriatus. S 44
17 Wulan Akbar. M 45
18 Afrizal Ahsani 43
19 M. Medina Almas. A 67
20 Muh. Asna Faqih 55
21 Mylan Indra. I 42
22 R. Rahardyan. HW 63
23 Rifki. FU 67
24 Siti Mudrikah 68
25 Uyung Tri Utami 65
26 Syakina Wahyu EP 65
27 Ilham Budi Santoso 54
28 Khopsotul Kiptiyah 52
29 Sulung Septiye 66
30 M. Muchib. A 60
31 Nina Filayati 48
32 Luluk. U 42
33 Lutfi Kusumawati 26
34 Yunita Dwi. K 65
Total Score 1910
Based on the data, it is found that the students’ score is as follows:

Mean = The total of students’ score

The total of students

 41

= 1910 = 56,17

34

The students’ MEAN score in class XI Science 2 is 56.17. It means that they

are in category “Poor”.

Then, the percentage of the students’ ability of class XI Science 2 in

translation can be presented as follows:

Table 4.2
The category of students’ score in class XI Science 2
Category Frequency Percentage
Very Good - -
Good 4 11%
Enough 11 32%
Poor 8 24%
Very Poor 11 32%
Total 34 100%

Based on the table above, the students’ ability to translate Indonesian

sentences into English in class XI Science 2 which has 34 students can be

known that 11 % or 4 students get “Good”, 32 % or 11 students get

“Enough”, 24 % or 8 students get “Poor”, 32 % or 11 student gets “Very

Poor”, and 0 % gets “Very Good”.

It can be explained that the average of the students’ ability in

translating of the class Science 2 gets 56, 17; it means that the ability of the

students is still “Poor”. It can be known that the students still make mistakes

in their translation which is measured by using grammatical adjustment,

lexical adjustment, addition, and adaptation. Most students in class Science

2 make mistake in number 17. Most students get score 1 in lexical

 42

adjustment. It means that most of them make mistake in grammatical

adjustment, addition, and adaptation. Most of them translate “Apakah Siti

telah makan siang?” by answering “Has Siti lunch?”, “Did Siti have

lunch?”, “Did Siti has lunch?”, “Has Siti have lunch?”, “Did Siti have had

lunch”, “Have Siti had lunch?”, “Was Siti have lunch?”, Did Siti a

lunch?”, “Has Siti have got lunch?”, and “Does Siti have lunch?”. But,

they are wrong. The sentence of “Apakah Siti telah makan siang?” shows

Present Perfect Tense because of the word “telah”. Based on the theory,

Present Perfect Tense expresses the idea that something happened (or never

happened) before now, at an unspecified time in the past and continues to

the present.1 And the form of the tense in interrogative form is “Has/Have +

S + Past Participle Verb +?” Therefore, the sentence should be “Has Siti

had lunch already?”

Most students still get difficulty in translating the sentence. For

example, a student gets score 1. The student translates the sentence of

“Apakah Siti telah makan siang?” by using “Has Siti lunch?”. Based on the

student’s translation, the student does not fulfill the categories of

grammatical adjustment, addition, and adaptation. In grammatical

adjustment, she was wrong in adjusting grammar between Source Language,

Indonesian, and Target Language, English. She does not use correct Present

Perfect Tense in her translation. Therefore, she gets score 0 in the category

of grammatical adjustment. Then, in lexical adjustment she gets score 1

1
Betty Schrampfer Azar, Understanding and Using English Grammar 2 nd Edition (New Jersey:
Prentice Hall Regents, 1989), 29.
 43

because she was right in translating the word “makan siang” into “lunch”.

In adaptation, she does not get score 1 because she does not use the time

signal of Present Perfect Tense “already” in her translation. The last is in

adaptation, she also does not get score 1 in this category because she cannot

adapt the text between Source Language and Target Language. It can be

known because she uses wrong grammar which make the sentence has

different meaning from its Source Language. In conclusion, the ability of

the students of class Science 2 in translation which gets the average 56, 03 is

“Poor” because they still get difficulty in their translation which is measured

by using grammatical adjustment, lexical adjustment, addition, and

adaptation.

2. The Ability of the students in translating Indonesian sentences into

English in class XI Science 4

The table below is the students’ score of class XI Science 4 which

has 39 students in translating Indonesian sentences into English which

consists of 25 questions. It describes deeply by using 4 categories;

grammatical adjustment, lexical adjustment, addition, and adaptation. It

represents the total score of all categories. The table is presented as follows:

Table 4.3
Class XI Science 4
 44

NO. SUBJECT SCORE

1. Ziyana Walidah 57
2. Arshinta Putri B. 42
3. Husnul Khotimah 47
4. M. Isna Dian F. 65
5. Kusuma 54
6. Niah 54
7. Istihabbil Imamah 66
8. Siti Zahirotul L. 56
9. Indah S. Ilmi 66
10. Ahmad Rudhi 56
11. Bagus Muhammad A.F. 47
12. M. Ikhwan Aminudin 46
13. Fiva Rukmana Dewi 57
14. Widya Purwanti 58
15. Liya Qurrotu A. 60
16. Zahrotul Khusnah 60
17. Tika Ari W. 55
18. Zeti Zulianah 54
19. A. Romadlon 67
20. Rizki A. 50
21. Johan A.P. 64
22. Ilvi Bisya 56
23. Ahmad Alfian 60
24. Fifti Zuyyina L. 58
25. Alfi Lutfianak 59
26. Ema Novia R. 67
27. Intan Cholis 61
28. Aprilia Dita P.S 60
29. Elyda Amelia Noor 67
30. M. Luqman Hakim 66
31. Basuki Nugroho 74
32. Dwi Anik R. 63
33. Izzati Ardhan F. 63
34. Eko Wahyudi 46
35. Moh. Akhsan 55
36. Ari Fajar Rukmana 63
37. Meiga Ayu A. N. F 59
38. Trinanda Q. 61
39. Diyah Ayu Fahlevi 67
TOTAL SCORE 2286
Based on the data, it is found that the students’ average is as follows:

Mean = The total of students’ score

 45

The total of students

= 2293

39

= 58.6

The students’ MEAN score in class XI Science 4 is 58.6. It means that

they are in category “Poor”.

Then, the percentage of the students’ ability of class XI Science 4 in translation

is presented as follows:

Table 4.4
The category of students’ score in class XI Science 4
Category Frequency Percentage
Very Good - -
Good 1 3%
Enough 18 46 %
Poor 14 36 %
Very Poor 6 15 %
Total 39 100 %

Based on the table above, the ability of the students to translate Indonesian

sentences into English in class XI Science 4 which has 39 students can be

known that 3% or 1 students get “Good”, 46% or 18 students get “Enough”,

36% or 14 students get “Poor”, 15 % or 6 students get “Very Poor”, and 0 %

gets “Very Good”.

It can be explained that, the average of the students’ ability in

translating of the class Science 4 gets 58, 8; it means that the ability of the

students is still “Poor”. It can be known that the students still make mistakes in

their translation which is measured by using grammatical adjustment, lexical

 46

adjustment, addition, and adaptation. Most students in class Science 4 make

mistake in number 13. There are 29 students does not get score 4 in the

number; while 10 students get score 4 of all categories in the number. Most of

the students translate “Nurul tidak pergi keluar tadi malam dan tinggal di

rumah untuk menonton TV” by answering “Nurul does not go out last night

and stayed at home for watching TV”, “Nurul was not go out last night and

stay in home to watch TV”, and “Nurul didn’t go out last night and left in

home to watching TV”. But, they are wrong. The sentence of “Nurul tidak

pergi keluar tadi malam dan tinggal di rumah untuk menonton TV” shows

Simple Past because of the word “tadi malam”. Based on the theory, Simple

Past expresses the idea that an activity or situation began and ended at a

particular time in the past.2 The form of the tense in negatif form is “S + Past

Verb (did) + not + O”. Therefore, the sentence should be “Nurul did not go out

last night and stayed at home to watch TV”.

Most students still get difficulty in translating the sentence. For

example, a student gets score 1. The student translates the sentence of “Nurul

tidak pergi keluar tadi malam dan tinggal di rumah untuk menonton TV” by

using “Nurul didn’t go out last night and live in house to watch TV”. Based on

the student’s translation, she does not fulfill the categories of grammatical

adjustment, lexical adjustment, and adaptation. In grammatical adjustment, she

is wrong in adjusting grammar between Source Language, Indonesian, and

Target Language, English, because she does not use correct Simple Past Tense

in her translation. Therefore, she gets score 1 in the category of addition. In the
2
Ibid, 24.
 47

category of lexical adjustment, she does not get score 1 because she is wrong in

translating “tinggal dirumah untuk menonton TV” into “live in house to watch

TV” because the correct answer is “stayed at home to watch TV”. In the

category of addition, she gets score 1 because she adds the auxiliary “did” in

her translation. The last is in the category of adaptation, she also does not get

score 1 in this category because she cannot adapt the text between Source

Language and Target Language. It can be known because she uses wrong

grammar which make the sentence has different meaning from its Source

Language. In conclusion, the ability of the students of class Science 4 in

translation which gets the average 58, 8 is “Poor” because they still get

difficulty in their translation which is measured by using grammatical

adjustment, lexical adjustment, addition, and adaptation.

3. The students’ ability to translate Indonesian sentences into English in class

XI Science 5

The table below is the students’ score of class XI Science 5 which has 38

students in translating Indonesian sentences into English which consists of 25

questions. It describes deeply by using 4 categories; grammatical adjustment,

lexical adjustment, addition, and adaptation. It represents the total score of all

categories. The table is presented as follows:

Table 4.5
Class XI Science 5
No. Subject Score
1 Mita Yurike. R 86
2 Siti Khorotul.ST 56
 48

3 Moh. Zamus 69
4 M. Faaizin Syaikhudin 71
5 Mida. SH 62
6 Dewi Fathur. R 62
7 Evie Noer Maulina 55
8 Azzaria Zakia 65
9 Ayu Nurhayati 71
10 Mu’asshomah.WN 71
11 Firda Inayati 85
12 Mufidatun. N 83
13 Lia Ilmiana 83
14 Choridatun Najwa 46
15 Siti Lailatul. B 76
16 M. Rizki Akbar 68
17 M. Rofi’ul 68
18 M. Faizul Fahmi 55
19 Arif Eka 55
20 Hamimah 68
21 Almira Sofie. A 66
22 Olivia Hajar. A 83
23 Evie Lailatul 61
24 Endah. RD 73
25 Irmawati 47
26 Annisa. RR 45
27 Iza Nur Meilia 52
28 Ni’matur Rafi’ah 47
29 Arizal Alfan 34
30 Alfian Zainul. M 37
31 Rizki Tri. A 57
32 M. Khoirul Anwar 54
33 M. Nadhir 54
34 Salwa Tsalima 85
35 Nadiya Urwatil. W 87
36 Fitrotun Na’imah 89
37 Binti Ulin Ulfa 77
38 Nurul HIdayah 56
Total Score 2459

Based on the data, it is found that the students’ average is as follows:

Mean = The total of students’ score

The total of students

 49

= 2459 = 64.7

38

The students’ MEAN score in class XI Science 5 is 64.7. It means that

they are in category “Enough”.

Then, the percentage of the students’ ability of class XI Science 5 in

translation is presented as follows:

Table 4.6
The category of students’ score in class XI Science 5
Category Frequency Percentage
Very Good 8 21,05 %
Good 7 18,42 %
Enough 8 21,05 %
Poor 9 23,68 %
Very Poor 6 15,80 %
Total 38 100 %

Based on the table above, the ability of the students to translate

Indonesian sentences into English in class XI Science 5 which has 38 students

can be known that 21,05 % or 8 students get “Very Good”, 18,42% or 7

students get “Good”, 21,05% or 8 students get “Enough”, 23,68% or 9 students

get “Poor”, 15,80% or 6 students get “Very Poor”.

It can be explained that, the average of the students’ ability of class

Science 5 in translation gets 64.82; it means that the ability of the students is

“Enough”. It can be known that the students still make mistakes in their

translation which is measured by using grammatical adjustment, lexical

adjustment, addition, and adaptation. Most students in class Science 5 make

mistake in number 25. There are 18 students does not get score 4 in the
 50

number; while 20 students get score 4 of all categories in the number. Most of

the students translate “Kakekku tidak ada di rumah tadi malam”, by answering

“My grandfather not at home last night”. In fact, they are wrong. The sentence

of “Kakekku tidak ada di rumah tadi malam” shows Nominal Past Tense

because of the word “tadi malam” and the sentence does not have Simple Past

Verb. Based on the theory, Simple Past expresses the idea that an activity or

situation began and ended at a particular time in the past. 3 The form of the

tense in negatif nominal Past Tense is “S + auxiliary (was/were) + not + O”.

Therefore, the sentence should be “My grandfather was not at home last

night”.

Most students still get difficulty in translating the sentence of “Kakekku

tidak ada di rumah tadi malam”. For example, a student gets score 0. The

student translates the sentence of “Kakekku tidak ada di rumah tadi malam”,

into “My grandfather not at home last night”. Based on the student’s

translation, the student does not fulfill the categories of grammatical

adjustment, lexical adjustment, addition and adaptation. In grammatical

adjustment, she is wrong in adjusting grammar between Source Language,

Indonesian, and Target Language, English, because she does not use correct

Simple Past Tense in her translation. She does not give an auxiliary “was” in

her translation. Therefore, she gets score 0 in the category of grammatical

adjustment. In the category of lexical adjustment, she does not get score 1

because she is wrong in translating “Kakekku tidak ada di rumah tadi malam”

into “My grandfather not at home last night”. In the category of addition, she
3
Ibid, 24.
 51

also does not get score 1 because she does not add the auxiliary “was” in her

translation. The last is in the category of adaptation, she also does not get score

1 in this category because she cannot adapt the text between Source Language

and Target Language. It can be known because she uses wrong grammar which

make the sentence has different meaning from its Source Language. In

conclusion, the ability of the students of class Science 4 in translation which

gets the average 64, 82 is “Enough” because they still get difficulty in their

translation which is measured by using grammatical adjustment, lexical

adjustment, addition, and adaptation.

4. The students’ ability to translate Indonesian sentences into English in class

XI Science 6

The table below is the students’ score of class XI Science 6 which has

26 students in translating Indonesian sentences into English which consists of

25 questions. It describes deeply the ability of the students which is measured

by using 4 categories; grammatical adjustment, lexical adjustment, addition,

and adaptation. It represents the total score of all categories. The table is

presented as follows:

Table 4.7
Class XI Science 6
No. Subject Score
1 Nuriyani 78
2 Imamah Nudyatama 61
3 Handyson. H 67
4 Winda Yuana 61
 52

5 Anwar Ibrahim. MA 61
6 Lina Mar’atus. S 64
7 Rizqi Pratama 71
8 Quluq 68
9 Uswatun Chasanah 66
10 Siti Maulfianah 68
11 Ade. YA 68
12 Nafila Zahrina Marha 70
13 Faridatus. S 65
14 Shofi Fitri 72
15 Naimatul. H 68
16 M. Yusron. UBD 68
17 Nisa Maghfirotul. L 68
18 Fenty Kurniawati 83
19 Ahmad Syihabudin. AJ 82
20 Derina Ellya. R 83
21 Ayu Seni Masadya 83
22 Sayful. A 83
23 Yuanita. S 81
24 Zuria Afrida 75
25 Ainun Najib 76
26 Evi Mahdya Izzati 69
Total Score 1859

Based on the data, it is found that the students’ MEAN is as follows:

Mean = The total of students’ score

The total of students

= 1878 = 71.5

26

The students’ MEAN score in class XI Science 6 is 72.23. It means that

they are in category “Good”.

Then, the percentage of the students’ ability of class XI Science 2 in

translation is presented as follows:

Table 4.8
The category of students’ score in class XI Science 6
 53

Category Frequency Percentage

Very Good 6 23 %
Good 7 27 %
Enough 13 50 %
Poor - -
Very Poor - -
Total 26 100 %

Based on the table above, the students’ ability to translate Indonesian

sentences into English in class XI Science 6 which has 26 students can be

known that: 23% or 6 students get “Very Good”, 27% or 7 students get

“Good”, 50% or 13 students get “Enough”, and 0% or nobody gets “Poor and

Very Poor”.

It can be explained that, the average of the student’s ability in

translating of the class Science 6 gets 71.5; it means that the ability of the

students is “Good”. But, most students in class Science 6 still make mistakes in

number 9. There are 12 students who does not get score 4 in the number; while

14 students get score 4 of all categories in the questions. It happens because

most of the students make mistakes in grammatical adjustment, addition, and

adaptation. Most of them translate “Matahari terbit dari timur”, by answering

“sun rise from east”. But, they are wrong. The sentence of “Matahari terbit

dari timur” shows Simple Present Tense because the sentence shows general

truth. Based on the theory, Simple Present Tense expresses the idea that have

general truth, exists always, usually, habitually; they exist now, have existed in

the past and probably will exist in the future.4 The form of the tense in positive

4
Ibid, 2.
 54

form is “S + Verb (s/es) + O”. Therefore, the sentence should be “The sun

rises from the east”.

Most students still get difficulty in translating the sentence of

“Matahari terbit dari timur”. For example, a student gets score 0. The student

translates the sentence “sun rise from east”. It means that she does not fulfill

the categories of grammatical adjustment, lexical adjustment, addition and

adaptation. In grammatical adjustment, she is wrong in adjusting grammar

between Source Language, Indonesian, and Target Language, English, because

she does not use correct Simple Present Tense in her translation. Therefore, she

gets score 0 in the category of grammatical adjustment. In the category of

lexical adjustment, she does not get score 1 because she is wrong in translating

“terbit” into “rise” because it should be “rises” In the category of addition,

she also does not get score 1 because she does not add the word “s” in her

translation. The last is in the category of adaptation, she also does not get score

1 in this category because she cannot adapt the text between Source Language

and Target Language. It can be known because she uses wrong grammar which

make the sentence has different meaning from its Source Language. In

conclusion, the ability of the students of class Science 4 in translation which

gets the average 72, 23 is “Enough” because they still get difficulty in their

translation which is measured by using grammatical adjustment, lexical

adjustment, addition, and adaptation.

5. The Ability of the students of Class XI Science 2,4,5, and 6 MAN Kota
Kediri 3 in translating Indonesian sentences into English
 55

After all data of students’ ability in every class has been presented, all

the students’ result is added to know the total score of students’ score in every

class. The table is as follows:

Table 4.9
The total of students and of students’ score
Total of Category Total Total
Class
Students G.A L.A ADT. ADP. Score Mean
XI Science 2 34 272 803 559 256 1910 56.17
XI Science 4 39 320 933 745 303 2286 58.6
XI Science 5 38 623 747 678 433 2459 64.7
XI Science 6 26 532 420 554 352 1859 71.5
Total 137 1747 2862 2536 1344 8514

According to the table above, the total of students is 137, the total of

grammatical adjustment is 1747, the total of lexical adjustment is 2862, the

total of addition is 2536, the total of adaptation is 1344, and the total of all

categories is 8514. Based on the result, Class XI Science 6 gets 71.5, Class XI

Science 5 gets 64.7, Class XI Science 4 gets 58.6, and Class XI Science 2 gets

56.17.

In the side of category, lexical adjustment is the highest category and

adaptation is the lowest category. It means that the students are able to use

lexical adjustment in translating Indonesian sentences into English; while the

students still get difficulty in using adaptation in translating Indonesian

sentences into English because it is the lowest category. While addition is the

second highest category and grammatical adjustment is the third highest

category.
 56

Then, the average of the students’ ability in MAN Kota Kediri 3 is

measured as follows:

Mean = The total of students’ score

The total of students

= 8514 = 62.14

137

According to the result above, the average of the students’ ability in MAN

Kota Kediri 3 is 62.14 in the category “Enough”. It means that their ability in

translating sentence from Indonesian into English is enough.