7

Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 3:
Introducing Language in Algebra
Mathematics – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 3: Introducing Language in Algebra.
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

JUNIOR HS MODULE DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Author : Rose M. Lingad

Co-Author - Content Editor
Co-Author - Language Reviewer
Co-Author - Illustrator
Co-Author - Layout Artist
Co-Author - Team Leader
: Sherwin G. Serrano
: Sherwin G. Serrano
: Jenielyn J. Santos
: Maria Isa P. Malang
: Arnold D. Marcos

DIVISION MANAGEMENT TEAM:

Schools Division Superintendent : Romeo M. Alip, PhD, CESO V
OIC- Asst. Schools Division Superintendent : William Roderick R. Fallorin, CESE
Chief Education Supervisor, CID : Milagros M. Peñaflor, PhD
Education Program Supervisor, LRMDS : Edgar E. Garcia, MITE
Education Program Supervisor, AP/ADM : Romeo M. Layug
Education Program Supervisor, Mathematics : Danilo C. Caysido
Project Development Officer II, LRMDS : Joan T. Briz
Division Librarian II, LRMDS : Rosita P. Serrano

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of Bataan

Office Address: Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan
Telefax: (047) 237-2102
E-mail Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph
 7

Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 3:
Introducing Language in Algebra
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics – Grade 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Introducing Language in Algebra!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

ii
For the learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics – Grade 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Introducing Language in Algebra!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled into process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

iii
 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, with at least 80% level of proficiency, you should be able to:

1. Translate English phrases to mathematical phrases and English sentences to

mathematics sentences, and vice versa.

2. Illustrate and differentiate related terms in algebra:

a. an where n is a positive integer;

b. constants and variables;

c. literal coefficients and numerical coefficients;

d. algebraic expressions, terms and polynomials; and

e. number of terms, degree of the term and degree of the polynomial.

LC Code: M7AL-IId-1

1
 What I Know

A. Matching Type: Match Column A with Column B.

Column A Column B

1. Non-Polynomial a. m4 + 4

2. Monomial b. 240

3. Binomial c. m3 –m2 + m - 1

4. Trinomial d. 0

5. Multinomial e. m2 +6m +9

x2 −1
f. 2
x − 2x +1

B. Multiple-Choice: Choose the correct answer. Classify the following algebraic

expressions as:
a. Monomial b. Binomial c. Trinomial d. Multinomial.

6. 4h2 + 2h – 8

7. 15h6 + 4

8. 12

9. h-1

10. 2 + 3h -4h2 + 5h3 – 6h4

C. Translate the verbal phrases into mathematical phrase.

11. 6 increased by b

12. the product of 8 and b

2
13. twice a number b decreased by 7

14. half of the sum of b and e

15. the square of the differences of b and e

Lesson
Introducing The
1 Language of Algebra
Everywhere, we can see symbols and signs. The number are represented by
numerical symbols. The fundamental operations are represented by the symbols: +,
-, x and ÷. Algebra is an extension of what you learned in early mathematics. It is a
generalization of arithmetic wherein letters and symbols are used to represent
numbers and quantities, in different combinations, based on the rules learned in
arithmetic. Now, let us explore more about algebra.

What’s In

Match Column A with Column B. Choose the most appropriate unit of measure
for the following:
Column A Column B

1. 360 cm a. 100 years

2. 75 km b. 10 centuries
3. 2 hectares c. 0.5 meter
4. 5 cubic meters d. 750 hm
5. 10 decades e. 28.90 C
6. 72 hours f. 0.05 meter
7. 1 millennium g. 3.6 meter
8. 280 C h. 82.4̊ F
9. 500 mm i. 500 L
10. 84̊0 F j. 5000 L
k. 20000 m2
l. 3 days
m. 7500 m

3
 Notes to the Teacher
The module deals with the polynomials.
A polynomial can have constants, variables and exponents, but
never division by a variable. All polynomials are expressions but
not all all expressions are polynomials. Terms are separated by
plus sign and minus sign.

What’s New

What word were you able to form?

4
 What it is

Polynomials

Polynomial comes from the words poly which means "many" and nomial which
means "term”, so it says, "many terms".

A polynomial can have:

constants (like 3, −20, or ½), these are numbers that have fixed values;

variables (like x and y), are symbols or letters that may have one or more
than one value;

exponents (like the 2 in y2), but only 0, 1, 2, 3, … are allowed that can be
combined using addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

Except division by a variable (so something like 2/x in y 2/x)

Polynomial can have one or more terms, but not an infinite number of terms.

Polynomial is an algebraic expression where all variables are expressed with positive
exponents.

Here are some examples of polynomials.

1
5x2 - 2x + 12 r2 + 2
4

The polynomial 5x2 - 2x + 12 has three terms: 5x2, - 2x, and 12. the numerical
coefficients or simply coefficients of the three terms are: 5, -2, and 12.

1 1 1
Likewise, the polynomial r2 + 2 has two terms: r2 , and 2 with coefficients and
4 4 4
2.

In the term 5x2, x2 is called the literal coefficient. In -2x, x is the literal coefficient, and
1
in r2, r2 is the literal coefficient.
4

5
The algebraic expressions below are not polynomials.

m−2
2 a −5 (2b)1/2 - 8 v-2 + 8v - 16
m+n

These are not polynomials because of the variable in the denominator, under the
radical sign, and has negative or fractional exponent.

All polynomials are expressions but not all expressions are polynomials. In this
lesson, you will encounter some of these expressions which are not polynomials.

Polynomials Not Polynomials

b 2 2
+2 −
4 x x2
ab b2
3 (b + 4)
3x 3y
h5 y2

10 x + 6 1
9−
w2
x2 −1
x2 − 2x +1

Polynomial can be written in descending order, in ascending order, or neither.

Generally, we write the polynomial in a way that we can easily identify the like terms
or similar terms, when terms have the same literal coefficients.

2 2 2 2
In the terms, 3 y ,5 y ,7 y and y are similar terms because they have the

same literal coefficient which is y . Likewise, the terms 5 x y ,14 x y , and − 10 x y

2 3 4 3 4 3 4

are similar.

The terms 6 x y ,5 xy and − x y are unlike terms. They have the same variables
2 3 3 2

but with different exponents. Also, 2d ,−3w , and − z are unlike terms because they
2 3

have different literal coefficient.

6
Polynomials can be classified according to its degree.

The degree of a polynomial is the highest sum of the exponents of the variables in a
term of the polynomial.

• Constant the degree is 0

• Linear the degree is 1
• Quadratic the degree is 2
• Cubic the degree is 3
• Quartic the degree is 4
• Quintic the degree is 5
• Sextic or Hexic the degree is 6
• Septic or Heptic the degree is 7
• Octic the degree is 8
• Nonic the degree is 9
• Decic the degree is 10

The table below show the examples of classification of polynomials according to

number of terms.

Term/s Degree of Term Reason Classification

6b4 4 Exponent on b is Quartic
4
4 0 Exponent of 4 is 0 Constant
3b3h2e 6 The sum of the Hexic
exponents on b,
h, and e is
3+2+1=6

6 x 2 y 3 ,5x 2 y 3 and − x 2 y 3 5 The sum of the Quintic

exponents on x
and y is 2+3=5

Polynomials can be classified according to the number of its terms.

7
A polynomial with one term is called monomial. A polynomial with two terms is
called binomial. A polynomial with three terms only is called a trinomial. When a
polynomial has more than three terms, we call it multinomial or polynomial.

Monomial is a polynomial with one term. It comes from the words “mono” which
means one and “nomial” which means term.

Monomials Term
5a5 5a5
29be3 29be3
-2r -2r

Binomial is a polynomial with two terms. It comes from the words “bi” which means
two and “nomial” which means term.

Binomials Terms
1 1
-2b - -2b, -
2 2
4m3-1 4m3, -1

4 −b 4 ,−b

Trinomial is a polynomial with three terms. It comes from the words “tri” which
means three and “nomial” which means term.

Trinomials Terms
b4-(b2+3) b4, -b2, -3
1 2 1 2
d + 3d -4 d , 3d, -4
5 5
-8b4e + 2be2-2 -8b4e, 2be2, -2

Multinomial is a polynomial with four terms or more. It comes from the words
“multi” which means many and “nomial” which means term.

Multinomials Terms

8
 4m3 + 3m2 + 12 + 8m4 -5m 4m3, 3m2, 12, 8m4, -5m
3a4b + a3b2 - 2a2b3 -ab4 3a4b, a3b2, - 2a2b3, -ab4
9d4 + 3d3 -d2 +2 9d4, 3d3, -d2, 2

A term is defined as a constant, a variable, or a product or a quotient of constant

and variables. It is separated by plus sign or minus sign.

A polynomial in one variable is a polynomial with only one variable that is the same
in each of its terms such as 4m3 + 3m2 + 12 + 8m4 -5m. A polynomial in several
variables are polynomials that have more than two variables such as -8b4e + 2be2-2.

The table below present the examples of polynomials classified according to number
of terms.

Polynomials Classification Terms

1 Monomial 1
f f
3 3
3x 4 − 5 Binomial 3x 4 ,−5
1 Trinomial 1
− 5y + y2 ,−5 y, y 2
7 7
2 Multinomial 2
4 w 4 − 2 w3 + w + 36 4w4 ,−2w3 , w, 36
3 3

The next table presents the examples of polynomials classified according to number
of degree and terms.

Polynomials Classification Degree Terms

Degree Terms
1 Linear Monomial 1 1
f f
3 3
3x 4 − 5 Quatic Binomial 4 3x 4 ,−5
1 Quadratic Trinomial 2 1
− 5y + y2 ,−5 y, y 2
7 7
2 Quartic Multinomial 4 2
4 w 4 − 2 w3 + w + 36 4w4 ,−2w3 , w, 36
3 3

9
Verbal Phrases and Mathematical Expressions

The following table shows some symbols with their meanings, that can be use in
translating mathematical phrases to verbal phrases, and vice versa.

Symbol Meaning

+ Plus, sum, increased by, more than, exceeded by

- Minus, less than, subtract, take away, difference

*, ( ), · Multiply, times, product

/, ÷ Divide, quotient

= Equal, is equal to

≠ Is not equal to

< Is less than

> Is greater than

≤ Is less than or equal to

≥ Is greater than or equal to

Every mathematical symbol has a corresponding verbal meaning. Phrases

are used to link real-world quantities, values, and relationships.

Examples:

1. w + 3:
A number w plus 3

3 more than a number w

A number w increased by 3

The sum of a number w and 3

A number x decreased by 2

A number x minus 2

Subtract 2 from a number x

10
 2 less than a number x

2. x – 2

3. 2 - x
2 decreased by a number x

2 minus a number x

Subtract a number x from 2

2 less a number x

4. 3x
3 times a number x

The product of 3 and a number x

Thrice a number x

5. x ÷ 3

A number x divided by 3

The quotient of a number x and 3

Take a look how each verbal phrase is translated into mathematical phrase.

Verbal Phrase Mathematical Phrase

1. twice the sum of y and 7 2(y+7)
2. the product of 8 and y 8y
3. the square of the sum of x and y (x+y)2
4. 5 increased by x 5+x

11
5. eight less than x x-8

Mathematical Phrase Verbal Phrase

1. 2n + 5 Twice n increased by five
2. x ÷ 2 x divided by two
1
3. 2x + y
2 the sum of twice x and half of y
4. abc the product of a, b, and c
5. 2n - 3 three less than twice a number n

What’s More

A. Instruction: Complete the table below. Identify the constant(s) and the
variable(s) in each expression. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Algebraic
Constant(s) Variable (s)
Expression

1) xy + 3
2) a – 5
3) 29
4) B
5) x2 + 15

B. Answer the following:

1. In your own words, define a monomial. Give your own example of a monomial.
2. Determine whether each statement is always, sometimes, or never true.

a. A polynomial is a monomial.

b. A monomial is a polynomial.
c. Each monomial in the polynomial is called term of the polynomial.

12
3. What do the prefixes mono, bi, and tri mean? Give some other words that use
these prefixes.
4. When writing a polynomial in descending order, what makes it a descending
polynomial?

5. Explain what is polynomial.

What I Have Learned

Answer the crossword puzzle.

1. 4. 5.

6.

2. 7.

8.

3. 9.

10.

11.

13
 Down/Up
1. It is a polynomial with two terms.
3. It is a constant, a variable, or a
product or a quotient of constants and
variables. It is separated by plus sign
and minus sign.
5. Number of terms in a monomial
11.It is a polynomial with four or more
terms.
Across
2. It is a polynomial with one term.
3. is a polynomial with three terms.
4. It has many terms.
6. It is a number in a term/s.
7. Number of terms in binomial
8. It is a number written in the upper
right of a variable
9. Number of terms in a Trinomial
10. It is a letter in a term/s

What I Can Do

A. Determine which of the following algebraic expressions is a polynomial. Write P if

it is a polynomial and N if it is not.

1) 4x2 + 2x - 8

2) 15w6 + 4

1
3) + x7
x2

4) (b+6) (b-6)-1

5) 5f3 - 4f2

B. Classify these algebraic expressions which are polynomials as monomial (M),

binomial (B), trinomial (T) or multinomial (MU) and according to the number of
degrees. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1) -13g2 - 16g – 8
2) 35r + 28r2 -14r3 +7
3) -15p5 – 11
4) 17m7 + 12m
5) 62

14
C. Translate each verbal phrase into mathematical phrase, and vice versa. Use the
variable x to represent the unknown number.

1. two subtracted from the square of a number

2. fifteen added to the number
3. three more than twice a number
4. 2p + 5
5. 2 (p – 3)

Assessment

A. Determine which of the following algebraic expressions is a polynomial. If it is a

polynomial, classify them. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1) 4h4e

2) -2x2 + 8x + 4

3) 5j + 10j2 -15j3 +20

4) 2

5) 3 b − 2

B. Create polynomial using the given term(s) to achieve the desired classification.

6. 4, b

7. 7d7

8. 3m, m2, 5m3, 30

9. x2, 12x, 36

10. , -r

C. Translate each verbal phrase into mathematical phrase, and vice versa.
11. 19 more than x
12 the product of 5 and x
13. the cube of the difference of q and 2

15
 14. 4a + 2c – d
15. abd – 6c

Additional Activities

On your notebook/journal, draw a concept map describing the definition of

polynomials in terms of monomial, binomial, trinomial and multinomial.

16
What’s More
A. Constant Variable
17
1. 3 xy
2. -5 a
3. 29
4. b
5. 15 x2
B1. Monomial is a polygon with one term
2. A. never true
B. Always true
C. Always true
3. Mono means One
Possible answers/examples are-Monoblock, monopod,
monologue and others
Bi means two
Possible answers/examples are Bicycle, Biangular,
Biannual and others
Tri means Three
Possible answers/examples are Trimester, Triangle,
Trilogy and others
4. It’s exponent/degree
5. Polynomial has many terms.
What I Know What’s In What’s New
1.F 1. G 1. Olive (O)
2. B 2. D 2. Lemon (L)
3. A 3. K 3. Orange (O)
4. E 4. J 4. Ita Palm (I)
5. C 5. A 5. Apple (A)
6. C 6. L POLYNOMIAL
7. B 7. B
8. A 8. H
9. B 9. C
10. D 10. E
11. 6+b
12. 8b
13. 2b – 7
14. ½ (b+e)
15. (b-e)2
Answer Key
 18
What I Can Do
a. b. c.
1. P 1. T, Quadratic 1. x2 - 2
2. P 2. MU, Cubic 2. x + 15
3. N 3. B, Quintic 3. 2x +3
4. N 4. B, Heptic 4. The sum of the twice a number p and five
5. P 5. M, Constant 5. Twice the difference of a number p and three
Assessment Additional Activities
a. Answers vary
1. Polynomial, Monomial, Quintic
2. Polynomial, Trinomial, Quadratic
3. Polynomial, Multinomial, Cubic
4. Not
5. Not
b.
6. 4 + b
7. 7d7
8. 30 + 3m + m2 + 5m3
9. x2 + 12x + 36
10. 5 – r
c.
11. x + 19
12. 5x
13. (q-2)3
14. the product of 4 and a plus the twice of c minus d
15. rhe product of a, b and d minus the product of 6 and c
References

Books
Crisostomo, R., 2013. Our World of Math 7. 1st ed. Quezon City: Vibal publishing
house, Inc., pp.132-136.
Abuzo, E., 2013. Mathematics-Grade 8 Leaner’s Module. 1st ed. Manila: Department
of Education, pp. 124

Websites
En.wikipedia.org. 2020. Polynomial. [online] Available at:
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynomial> [Accessed 20 September 2020].
Mathsisfun.com. 2017. Polynomials. [online] Available at:
<https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/polynomials.html> [Accessed 20 September
2020].

19
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph