NAME: SITI SYAHIRAH BINTI CHE OTHAMAN

MATRIC NO: M041920001

Question 1(a)
Question 1(b)
Question 2 (a)
Analytical method is a mathematical model based on the understanding of basic physical
phenomena that govern its behaviour and solve the model for given set of condition by
finding mathematical solution to the resulting system of equotation.
Advantages of CFD
1. CFD have emerge with advent of digital computer using a large number of
numerical method and can solve the problem ( even large problem) in short
time at cheaper cost compared to experimental and analytical method.
2. CFD can provide all relevent flow information required for engineering
application through the domain interest while experiement method only limited
to measurement of some flow quantities at certain location accesible by the
measuring equipment.
3. Able to solve flow problem for complex geometry compared to analytical
method.
Diadvantages of CFD
1. Has possibilties to get incorrect simultaion results if the user of CFD is not
experience enough to run the CFD
2. Computation time may extend for large model
Question 2 (b)
1. Pre-processing

 Do the geometry: a complete geometric model normally contains various

geometric features that have insignificant impact on the flow field.
 Formulation of the problem (governing equations and boundary conditions)
 construction of a computational mesh (set of control volumes).

2. Solving

 discretization of the governing equations

 solution of the resulting algebraic equations.

3. Post-processing

 analysis of results (calculation of derived quantities: forces, flow rates, ... )

 visualization (graphs and plots of the solution).
Question 2 (c)
a) 3 Main Disretization in CFD Simulation

No Main Disretization Discreption

1 Finite- Difference Method
2 Finite- Volume Method
 Approximating the derivatives using a
truncated Taylor series
 The simplest method
 Requires high degree of mesh regularity
such as in structured mesh
 Difficult to apply when we are encountered
with complex geometries
 Discretisationstarts from the integral form
of the flow equations
 Variation of any quantity within a volume
depends entirely on the surface values of the
fluxes
 Popular in fluid mechanics because it
rigorously enforces conservation and
flexible in terms of both geometry and the
variety of fluid phenomena
 it is directly relatable to physical quantities
(mass flux, etc.).

3 Finite- Element Method  Express the solution as a weighted sum of

shape function
 popular in solid mechanics (geotechnics,
structures)
 it has considerable geometric flexibility;
 general-purpose software can be used for a
wide variety of physical problems.

 Type of discretization method used in ANSYS-Fluent software is Finite-

Volume Method

b) CFD application
 Turbomachinery: Flow in turbine, pump, compressor
 Re-entry vehicle aerothermodynamic study
 Aerospace Applications: Aerodynamics (lift and drag)
 Building ventilation for comfort, contamination control and etc
 Meterology: Wheater prediction
 Biomedical engineering: Flow in arteries, blood vessel, nasal cavity, heart and
etc
Question 3 (a)
i) Energy equation
ii) K-epsilon model, realizable
iii) Off
iv) Coupled
v) 998.2 kg/m3
Question 3(b)
Question 3(c)
Yes but the solution that we get is based on a square element AB and on x and y-axis only.