TOPIC:

CHEMICAL ADMIXTURE

PRESENTED TO:SIR TAIMUR MALIK

PRESENTED BY:SYED MOHSIN ALI

UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

PESHAWAR(JALOZAI)
Definition of Admixtures
•ASTM C-125 :
A material other than water, aggregate,
hydraulic cement and fiber reinforcement that
is used as an ingredient of concrete or mortar
and is added to the batch immediately before
or during mixing

Prepared by: SYED MOHSIN ALI Presented to: Sir TAIMUR MALIK
Chemical Admixtures
• Admixtures which chemically react on the cement-water
system instantaneously by influencing the surface tension
of water and by adsorbing on the surface of cement
particles;
• Another type are ones which break up into their ionic
constituents and affect the chemical reactions between
cement compounds and water, from several minutes to
several hours after the addition.

Prepared by: SYED MOHSIN ALI Presented to: Sir TAIMUR MALIK
Why we used Chemical admixture
• The major reasons for using admixture are:
• To reduce the cost of concrete construction.
• To achieve certain properties in concrete more
effectively than by other means.
• To overcome certain-emergencies during
concreting operations.

Prepared by: SYED MOHSIN ALI Presented to: Sir TAIMUR MALIK
Primary Property of Admixtures :
•Admixture properties specified in ASTM C494
Addition of admixtures affect the properties of
the wet concrete between the time of mixing and
hardening in one or more of the following ways:
• Affect water demand
• Plasticizing or water reducing
• Change the stiffening rate

Prepared by: SYED MOHSIN ALI Presented to: Sir TAIMUR MALIK
Primary Property of Admixtures :
• Accelerating/retarding
• Change the air content
• Increase (or decrease) entrained air
• Change the plastic viscosity
• Cohesion or resistance to bleed and segregation
of the mix

Prepared by: SYED MOHSIN ALI Presented to: Sir TAIMUR MALIK
Important Chemical admixture:
• Air entraining
• Water-reducing
• Retarders
• Set Accelerators
• Plasticizers (super plasticizers)

• Some other “specialty” types exist:

Color, corrosion inhibitors, etc.

Prepared by: SYED MOHSIN ALI Presented to: Sir TAIMUR MALIK
Air Entrainment
• Developed in 1930s
• Today, recommended for all concretes exposed to
freeze/thaw cycles
• Imposes microscopic air cells that relieve internal
pressure of freezing water
• Typical target air values are 5%-8%
• Will also increase slump (workability)

Prepared by: SYED MOHSIN ALI Presented to: Sir TAIMUR MALIK
Water Reducers:
Internal lubricant
Allows for reduction of water/cement ratio while
maintaining workability (increased strength)
Can reduce water requirement at least 5-10%
• Obtain higher slump without adding water
Mid-range water reducers result in at least 8%
Mid-range water reducers provide more consistent
setting times than standard water reducers.

Prepared by: SYED MOHSIN ALI Presented to: Sir TAIMUR MALIK
Set Retarders
• Slows curing rate
• Used to counteract hot weather
conditions that cause increased rate of
hardening.
• This makes placing and finishing
difficult
Prepared by: SYED MOHSIN ALI Presented to: Sir TAIMUR MALIK
Set Accelerators
• Increase curing rate for achievement of high
early strength
• Speeds up start of finishing operations
• Used for speeding curing rate in cold
weather concreting

Prepared by: SYED MOHSIN ALI Presented to: Sir TAIMUR MALIK
Superplasticizers
Also known as high-range water reducers (HRWR)
Reduce water requirement by 12-30%
Can make low slump concrete flow like high-slump
mix
Makes mix highly fluid and can be placed with little
or no vibration or compaction
Effect lasts only 30-60 minutes and is followed by
rapid loss of workability
Usually added at jobsite
Prepared by: SYED MOHSIN ALI Presented to: Sir TAIMUR MALIK
Secondary Property of Admixtures
• Admixture can also affect one or more of the other wet properties.
• These secondary effects for example, a water reducing admixture
may be required to give low water cement ratio for durability but if
the concrete mix lacks cohesion and is prone to bleed, a water-
reducing admixture which also increases cohesion would be
appropriate to prevent the bleed.
• The primary function is as a water reducer; the secondary function
is to improve cohesion. Incorrect admixture selection could make the
bleed worse.

Prepared by: SYED MOHSIN ALI Presented to: Sir TAIMUR MALIK