LEARN

the
CONCEPTS!
By:

Ms. Jenievie Espino :D

and
 Temperature is a measure
of the total kinetic energy in
a substance.
 Matter contains heat.

• Heat is energy in transit

from a body of higher
temperature to one of lower
temperature.
 Temperature and
Thermometers

A hot oven is said to

In everyday life,
have a high temperature,
temperature is a
whereas the ice of a
measure of how hot or
frozen lake is said to
cold something is.
have a low temperature.
Temperature and
Internal Energy
 MEASURING TEMPERATURE

Instruments designed
to measure temperature
are called
thermometers.
 TEMPERATURE SCALES
The temperature scales most widely used today are the
Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin scales.

The Fahrenheit scale is commonly used in the United

States.

The Celsius scale is used in countries that have adopted

the metric system and by the scientific community
worldwide.
TEMPERATURE SCALES

Every temperature on the

Celsius scale corresponds
to a particular temperature
on the Fahrenheit scale
TEMPERATURE SCALES
TEMPERATURE SCALES
TRY THIS!
THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM AND
THE ZEROTH LAW OF
THERMODYNAMICS

If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system,

then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

When objects are in thermal equilibrium,

no energy flows between them.
 However, the amount
Most substances
of expansion or
expand when heated
contraction varies,
and contract when
depending on the
cooled.
material.
Experiments indicate that the change in length ∆𝑙 of
almost all solids is, to a good approximation,
directly proportional to the change in temperature
∆𝑇 as long as is not too large.
• The change in area is proportional to
the original area and to the change in
temperature
BIMETALLIC STRIP
bimetallic strip, two strips of different
metals are welded or riveted together.
BIMETALLIC STRIP
Review!!
Review!!
 ASSIGNMENT
Explain the
behavior of water
on each phase in
this phase
diagram.
 The word heat is
sometimes used to refer
to the process by which
energy is transferred
between objects because
of a difference in their
temperatures.
 It is called the calorie
(cal) and is defined as the
First we note that a
amount of heat necessary
common unit for heat,
to raise the temperature
still in use today, is
of 1 gram of water by 1
named after caloric.
Celsius degree.
CONDUCTION
CONVECTION
 Convection currents produced by
unequal heating of land and water.
A dark object that absorbs a lot of
radiant energy must
emit a lot as well.
OINK! OINK! ;D
Capacity of a substance to store
internal energy.

• THERMAL INERTIA
– since it signifies the
resistance of a substance to
a change in its temperature.
Water has a higher specific heat capacity.
• Water has more thermal inertia and
takes a longer time to warm in the
hot sunlight and a longer time to cool
on a cold night.
If heat flows into an object, the
object’s temperature rises
(assuming no phase change).
 Specific Heat Capacity

A material requires a specific amount of heat to

raise the temperature of a given mass a specified
number of degrees.

The specific heat capacity of a material is the

quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of
1 gram by 1 degree.
Specific Heat Capacity
SAMPLE