Science 10

Science – Grade 10
Quarter 4 – Module 6 : Ideal Gas Law
First Edition, 2020

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 Science 10
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 6

Ideal Gas Law

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 10 Self-Learning Module 6 on Ideal Gas Law!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and
reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 10 Self-Learning Module 6 on Ideal Gas Law!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATION

At the end of this module, the learners are expected to:

1. Describe and derive how Ideal Gas Law Equation was developed;
2. Calculate for the unknown on the Ideal Gas Law Equation; and
3. Cite instances wherein Ideal Gas Law is observed in life experiences.

PRETEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Under which conditioned of temperature and pressure does a real gas behave
most like an ideal gas.
a. low temperature and low pressure
b. low temperature and high pressure
c. high temperature and low pressure
d. high temperature and high pressure
2. The equation PV=nRT shown the relationship between a variety of gas
properties. What is this equation called?
a. Gay-Lussac’s law
b. Ideal gas law
c. Boyle’s law
d. Charles’ law
3. A sample gas has a volume of 15 liters and a pressure of 1.0atm at 45oC. How
many mole/s of gas sample are there?
a. 57.45mole
b. 5.745mole
c. 0.5745 mole
d. 0.05745 mole
4. What will be the volume of a 0.323mol gas sample that occupy at 265K and a
pressure of 0.900 atm?
a. 7.18 L
b. 4.63L
c. 7.81L
d. 4.36L
5. Which of the following is NOT an application of ideal gas law?
a. Airbag in vehicles
b. Airplanes
c. Commercial building
d. Can crushers
 RECAP

Modified Matching Type

Direction: Math the column A to column B and column B to column C. Write your
answer to the space provided.

_____1. Boyle’s Law _____a. pressure & a.

temperature

_____2. Charles’ Law _____b. volume & b.

pressure

_____3. Gay-Lussac’s law _____c. volume & c.

temperature

LESSON
Based on your previous lesson of gas laws, we can summarize them:

1. Volume is directly proportional to number of mole.

V n (at constant P and T)

2. Volume is directly proportional to absolute temperature.

V T (at constant n and P)

3. Volume is inversely proportional to pressure.

1
V (at constant n and T)
𝑃
These all three expressions can be combined into one master equation for the
behavior of gases:
𝑛𝑇 𝑛𝑇
V = R or PV = nRT
𝑃 𝑃

Where V – volume
n – mole
T – absolute temperature
P – pressure
R – gas constant

This equation is called ideal gas law. Ideal gas law describes the relationship among
the four variables which are the volume (V), pressure (P), absolute temperature (K)
and the amount of gas (n). Ideal gas is a hypothetical gas whose pressure –
temperature – volume behavior can be completely accounted for by the ideal gas
equation. There is no attraction nor repulsion occur in the molecules of ideal gas.
Ideal gas does not exist in nature. Its molecules contain of a negligible size due to its
average kinetic molecular energy that depends on temperature. The higher the
temperature, the higher the kinetic energy, thus, the molecules will move faster, so
the distance between molecule will be greater, in effect the intermolecular forces of
attraction between molecules will be insignificant. Difference in the behavior of real
gases and ideal gases over reasonable temperature and pressure ranges do not
significantly affect calculation. In this, ideal gas equation can be used to calculate
gas problems.

Before we can apply the ideal gas equation to the real system, we must evaluate the
gas constant (R). At standard pressure and temperature (STP) which is 1 atm and
0oC (273.15K) respectively, real gases behave like an ideal gas. Scientist conducted
various experiments, it shows that, at STP, one (1) mole of ideal gas occupies
22.414L. Thus, we can now compute for the value of R (gas law constant). From this
equation PV = nRT, we can derive the formula for R.

𝑃𝑉
R=
𝑛𝑇

(1𝑎𝑡𝑚)(22.414𝐿)
=
(1𝑚𝑜𝑙)(273.15𝐾)
𝑎𝑡𝑚.𝐿
= 0.082057
𝑚𝑜𝑙.𝐾

Remember that the dot between atm and L and between mol and K tells us that atm
and L are both located in the numerator while mol and K are both in denominator.

If we the amount of gas, volume, and temperature of a gas, we can calculate its
pressure using the ideal gas equation. For example, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is a
colorless, odorless, very unreactive gas. Calculate the pressure (in atm) exerted by
1.82 moles of the gas in a steel vessel of volume 5.43L at 69.35 oC.
Step 1: Identify the given.
V – 5.43L
T – 69.35oC
n – 1.82mol
𝑎𝑡𝑚.𝐿
R – 0.0821
𝑚𝑜𝑙.𝐾
Step 2: See to it that the temperature is in Kelvin (K), pressure in atm and volume in
liter. In this case pressure is missing and the temperature is in Celsius. We need to
convert Celsius to Kelvin.
K = oC + 273 K

= 69.35 + 273 K

= 342.35 K

Step 3: Identify the unknown. In this sample the unknown is pressure (P).

Step 4: Drive the formula for pressure (P) from the master ideal gas equation by
dividing both side by V.

𝑃𝑉 𝑛𝑅𝑇
PV = nRT =
𝑉 𝑉

𝑛𝑅𝑇
P = 𝑉

Step 5: Using the derived formula, substitute the value on its variables and perform
the operation.

𝑛𝑅𝑇
P =
𝑉
𝑎𝑡𝑚.𝐿
(1.82𝑚𝑜𝑙 )(0.0821 )(342.35𝐾)
P = 𝑚𝑜𝑙.𝐾
5.43 𝐿

51.15𝑎𝑡𝑚.𝐿
P = 5.43𝐿

= 9.42 atm.

Stem 6: Don’t forget to cancel the unit. In this case the unit must be left is atm.
 ACTIVITIES
Activity 1. Modified Matching Type
Direction: Identify the derived formula in column B of the variable in the column A
and its unit in the column C.

𝑃𝑉
_____1. Pressure (P) _____a. = a. K
𝑅𝑛

𝑛𝑅𝑇
_____2. Volume (V) _____b. = b. atm
𝑉

𝑃𝑉
_____3. Mole (n) _____c. = c. L
𝑅𝑇

𝑛𝑅𝑇
_____4. Temperature _____d. = d. mol
𝑃

Activity 2. Computation.
Direction: Calculate the following problem on ideal gas law.
1. A 500mL metal cylinder holding 0.100 moles of helium gas is known to
rupture at a pressure of 10 atmosphere. At what temperature will the
container fail?

Given: Solution:

Required:

Formula:

2. Determine the Kelvin temperature required for 0.0470mol of gas to fill a ballon
to 1.20L under 0.998atm.

Given: Solution:

Required:

Formula:
Activity 3. Enumeration
Direction: Give at least 3 application of ideal gas law in our daily life?

1.

2.

3.

WRAP–UP
Instruction: Fill in the blanks.

Ideal gas law describes the relationship among the four variables which are the
________ , ________, ________ and ________. The Ideal Gas Equation is formed by
combining three gas laws which are (a) ________, (b) ________ and (c) ________.

VALUING
Respiration occurs when we inhale and exhale air into and from your lungs. This in
layman’s term is what we referred to as breathing. This can be applied to the gas law.
Breathing involves pressure differences between the inside of the lungs and the air
outside. During this time of pandemic we are urged to wear personal protective
equipment. Wearing of mask is a must because it limits the volume and travel
distance of expiratory droplets dispersed when talking, breathing, and coughing.

POSTTEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. According to the kinetic molecular theory which statement describe the

particles in sample of an ideal gas?
a. The force of attraction between the gas particles is strong.
b. The motion of the gas particles is random and straight – line.
c. The collection between the gas particles cannot result in a transfer of
energy between the particles.
d. The separation between the gas particles is smaller than the size of
the gas particles themselves.
2. Which statement describes the particles of an ideal gas?
a. The particles move in well-defined, circular paths.
b. When the particles collide, energy is lost.
c. There are forces of attraction between the particles.
d. The volume of the particles is negligible.
3. How many moles of gas does it take to occupy 120 liters at a pressure of 2.3
atmospheres and a temperature of 340 K?
a. 0.0988 mol
b. 0.988 mol
c. 9.8875 mol
d. 98.875 mol
4. If I have a 50 liter container that holds 45 moles of gas at a temperature of
2000 C, what is the pressure inside the container?
a. 349.50 atm
b. 34.95 atm
c. 3.495 atm
d. 0.3495 atm
5. It is not safe to put aerosol canisters in a campfire, because the pressure
inside the canisters gets very high and they can explode. If I have a 5.0 liter
canister that holds 2 moles of gas, and the campfire temperature is 1400 0 C,
what is the pressure inside the canister?
a. 54.94 atm
b. 5.494 atm
c. 0.5494 atm
d. 0.05494 atm

KEY TO CORRECTION

3. A - B 4. A A 5. A
5. D
2. C - A 3. C D 4. B
4. C
3. C 1. B - C 2. D C 3. D
2. B Recap 1. B B 2. D
1. C
Activity 1 1. C
Posttest
Posttest

Answers may vary. Computation.

Activity 3 Activity 2
 References

Laugier, Alexander; Garai, Jozef. "Derivation of the Ideal Gas Law." Journal of
Chemical Education. 2007, Vol. 84, Iss. 11, pgs. 1832 -1833.

Levine, S. "Derivation of the Ideal Gas Law." Journal of Chemical Education.1985, Vol.
62, Iss. 5, pgs. 399.

Photo of Ideal Gas Law. Accessed February 27, 2021.

https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Tex
tbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Physic
al_Properties_of_Matter/States_of_Matter/Properties_of_Gases/Gas_Laws/The_Idea
l_Gas_Law

Luder, W. F. "Ideal Gas Definition." Journal of Chemistry Education. 1968, 45(5),

p351 DOI:10.1021/ed045p351.1

Petrucci, Ralph H., William S. Harwood, F. G. Herring, and Jeffry D. Madura. General
Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River: Pearson
Education, Inc., 2007.

Timberlake, Karen. General Organic and Biological Chemistry. Prentice Hall, 2007.

West, John B. "Robert Boyle’s landmark book of 1660 with the first experiments on
rarified air" Journal of Applied Physiology 98:31-39, 2005. doi:
10.1152/japplphysiol.00759.2004

Ideal Gas Law. https://opentextbc.ca/introductorychemistry/chapter/the-ideal-

gas-law-and-some-applications-2/