General

Chemistry 1 11
General Chemistry 1 – Grade 11
Quarter 2 – Module 10: Gas Stoichiometry.
First Edition, 2020

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 General
Chemistry 1 11
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 10
Gas Stoichiometry.
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Chemistry 1 Self-Learning Module 10 on Gas Stoichiometry.

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Chemistry 1 Self-Learning Module 10 on Gas Stoichiometry.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
 EXPECTATIONS

This module is developed and designed for Senior High School Science,
Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) students.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. explain the different principles and concepts of gas stoichiometry.

2. apply the principles of stoichiometry to calculate the amounts (volume,
number of moles, or mass) of gaseous reactants and products.
3. appreciate the essence of gas stoichiometry in our daily life.

PRE–TEST

Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. What volume of O2 at 22.0 °C and 278 mmHg would be synthesized by the
decomposition of 8.15 g of KClO 3? 2KClO3(s) → 2KCl(s) + O2(g)
A.1.71 L B. 2.72 L
C. 2.52 L D. 3.45 L

2. What should be done first to determine the volume of the product from the
mass of the reactant?
A. Convert the mole of the product to volume of the product.
B. Convert the moles of the reactant to mole of the product
C. Convert the mass of product to moles of the product.
D. Convert the mass of reactant to mole of the reactant.

3. What must be applied to determine the volume of the product from the mass
of the reactant?
A. Ideal Gas Law C. Gas Laws
B. Dalton’s Law D. Newton’s Law
 4. Which of these statements is NOT true?
A. Stoichiometric ratios are needed in calculating the volume of the product
from the mass of the reactant.
B. The number of moles of a gas can be calculated by its given mass with its
molar mass.
C. The mole ratios are the coefficients of the symbols in the balanced
equation.
D. The pressure of a gas can be directly calculated from the balanced
equation.

5. Quicklime (CaO) and CO2 are obtained via thermal decomposition of calcium
carbonate (CaCO3). Calculate the volume of CO2 at STP produced from the
decomposition of 152 g CaCO3.
A. 34.1 L B. 31.4 L
C. 83.7 L D. 38.4 L

RECAP

Let us try to review the concepts about your previous lesson on Dalton’s law
of partial pressures and mole fraction.
Direction: Identify what is being described. Write your answer on the blank.
__________1. The quantity that must be added to get the total pressure of gases.

__________2. It is represented by XA in the equation PA = XA x PT

________________ 3. He stated that the pressure of each gas contributes in the total

pressure of the gas mixture.

__________4. This law states that the number of moles of an ideal gas is directly

proportional to pressure and volume.

___________5. The value of temperature at STP.

 LESSON

In studying stoichiometry, we used to deal with relationships between

amounts (in moles) and masses (in grams) of solid or liquid reactants and products.
What if the nature of the reactants and products is in the form of gas? Can we apply
the same strategies? Yes, we can use the relationships focusing between
amounts(moles) and volume to answer problems involving gases. Study the figure
below that depicts the process on performing stoichiometric calculation involving
gases.
Amount of Amount of
reactant Moles of Moles of product
(mass or reactant product (mass or
volume) volume)

Moreover, this amount of a gas, can be converted to pressure, volume or

temperature with an application of Ideal Gas Law. We may recall that the equation
for Ideal Gas Law is this: PV = nRT where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the
number of moles, T is temperature and R is the gas constant.

Let us try to answer problem involving gas stoichiometry.

Problem I.
Sodium azide (NaN3) is known to be a component in some automobile air bags
as a car safety feature. An impact caused by a collision triggers the reaction as shown
by this equation:
2NaN3(s) → 2Na(s) + 3N2 (g)

Calculate the volume of N2 gas) if 78.0 g of NaN3 is generated under the

conditions of 70 o C and 438 mmHg.

Strategy:
(a) Considering the balanced reaction, we can deduce that in every 2 moles of NaN 3
there is 2 moles of N2(g) is produced. Therefore, the conversion factor that we will use
in answering the problem is this:
3 mol N2
2 mol NaN3
(b) Recall that the given is the mass of NaN3, starting from that we can calculate the
moles of NaN3 using its molar mass.
(c) Lastly, we can use the moles of N2 in computing its volume using the ideal gas
equation

Solution: Let us follow the sequence below in answering the problem

mass NaN3 → moles of NaN3 → moles N2 → volume of N2

1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑁𝑎𝑁3 3 mol N2

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑁2 = 78.0 𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑁𝑎𝑁3 × × =1.80 mol N2
65.02 𝑔 𝑁𝑎𝑁3 2 mol NaN3

Substituting moles of N2 in the ideal gas equation, we could get the volume of N 2
𝐿 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑛𝑅𝑇 1.80 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁2 × 0.082057 𝑚𝑜𝑙 − 𝐾 (70 + 273.15)K
𝑉= =
𝑃 1 𝑎𝑡𝑚
438 𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔 × 760 𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔
= 87.9 L

Take note that we need to convert the given pressure and temperature with the unit
of mmHg and K to atm since these are the units used in the gas constant (R). Kindly
note this conversion: 1 atm= 769 mmHg K= °C + 273.15

Problem II. Calculate the amount of NaN3 in grams that decomposed in an airbag
that has a volume 78 L filled with nitrogen gas at 4.02 atm and 30 °C.
2NaN3(s) → 2Na(s) + 3N 2 (g)

Strategy
(a) Try to check the given to answer the problem. We have pressure, temperature and
volume that we could use to calculate the moles of nitrogen gas (N 2) using the ideal
gas equation.

(b) Upon determining the moles of N2(g), we can compute for the moles of NaN3 with
stoichiometric calculations.

(c) The final step is to convert the moles of NaN3 to mass of NaN3 with the help of the
molar mass of NaN3.

Solution:

Let us follow the sequence below in answering the problem

moles of N2 → moles NaN3 → mass of moles NaN3

𝑃𝑉 4.02 𝑎𝑡𝑚 × 78 𝐿
𝑛= = = 12.6 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓𝑁2
𝑅𝑇 0.082057 𝐿 𝑎𝑡𝑚 (30 + 273.15)K
𝑚𝑜𝑙 − 𝐾
2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎𝑁3
12.6 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑁2 × = 8.4 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎𝑁3
3 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁2
65.0 𝑔 𝑁𝑎𝑁3
8.4 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎𝑁3 × = 𝟓𝟒𝟔 𝒈 𝑵𝒂𝑵𝟑
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎𝑁3
Problem III. Determine the amount of sodium azide (in grams) needed to have 67.2
L of N2 (g) at 37 °C at 659 mmHg.
2NaN3(s) → 2Na(s) + 3N 2 (g)

Strategy

Like the first two problems, answering this problem involves both stoichiometry
and ideal gas equation. Let us take note of the chemical equation of the reaction
which tells us the stoichiometric relationship between NaN 3 and N2. We can use the
ideal gas equation to relate the given volume of N 2 gas at STP to the moles of N2 and
from that we would relate it to the moles of NaN 3. Given the moles of NaN3, we can
obtain the amount of NaN3 in grams.

Solution
1 atm
P = 659 mmHg × = 0.867 atm
760 mmHg
V= 67.2 L
T= (37+ 273.15)
K = 310.15 K
n=?
𝑃𝑉
n=
𝑅𝑇
Substituting the values, we get

( 0.867 𝑎𝑡𝑚)(67.2 𝐿)
𝑛= = 9.13 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2
𝐿 𝑎𝑡𝑚
(0.082057 ) (310.15 𝐾)
𝑚𝑜𝑙 − 𝐾

From the obtained moles of H2, we could calculate the mole of NaN3

2 mol NaN3
9.13 mol H2 × = 6.09 mol NaN3
3 mol H2

Now we can calculate the amount of NaN3 in grams.

65.01 g NaN3
6.09 mol NaN3 × = 396 g of Na𝑁3
1 mol NaN3
 ACTIVITIES

Activity 1. Directions: Perform the needed calculations for the following problems
and supply the missing answer on the table below. Show your complete calculations
in a clean sheet of paper.

1. Potassium chlorate (KClO3) undergoes thermal decomposition yielding potassium

chloride (KCl) and oxygen gas O2(g):
2KClO3(s) → 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g)
Suppose you heat 0.0100 mol of potassium chlorate, KClO3, in a test tube. How many
liters of oxygen can you produce at 298 K and 1.02 atm?

Pressure Volume (L) Temperature (K) Number of moles Mass (g)

(Atm) Reactant/Product
1.02 atm 0.0100 NA

2. If 4.50 g of hydrogen peroxide is placed on a sealed glass container, with pressure

of 10.0 atm at 550 K. What is the volume of the oxygen produced inside the glass
container? (Molar Mass of H2 O2 = 34.016 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙)
2H2 O2 → 2H2 O + O2

Pressure Volume (L) Temperature (K) Number of moles Mass (g)

(Atm) Reactant/Product
550 K NA 4.50 g

Activity 2. Perform the needed calculations for the problem and show your complete
calculations in a clean sheet of paper. Box your final answer.

1.Metabolic breakdown happens when glucose (C6H12O6) is reacted with oxygen gas
O2(g) forming carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) as shown by the equation below:
C6H12O6 (s) + 6O2(g) →6CO2(g) +6 H2O (l)
Determine the volume of CO2 produced at 37 °C and 1.00 atm when 5.60 g of glucose
is used up in the reaction. Molar mass: Glucose=180.15 g/mol

2. Calculate the mass in grams of hydrogen chloride produced when 5.6 L of

molecular hydrogen (H2) measured at STP react with an excess of molecular chlorine
gas Cl2(g).
 WRAP–UP

Directions: Complete the table below by writing the derived equation for the unknown
variable.

Unknown Gas Variable Derived equation Unit

Pressure
Mass of product
Mole of product

VALUING

Have you ever dreamed of having your own car in the future? From the
simplest and readily available units to the luxurious and rare car available in the
market. But no matter how elegant or expensive these cars are, the main priority of
the car manufacturers is equipping their cars with safety features. These includes
seatbelts, rear mirrors, anti-lock brakes and other available technology. But for this
discussion, we will focus on airbags.

Airbags are technically a bag that is full of air that just pops out when
accidents happen. It is often coming out in the steering wheel, as well as in the front
of passenger location. When inflated, it contains nitrogen gas which is generated
from a reaction with sodium azide. Products such as nitrogen gas which fills the bag
and sodium metal which is neutralized by the reaction of potassium nitrate are
produced once the airbag works.

Keep in mind that the reaction that causes the air bag to function well
especially during accidents is anchored with the concepts of gas stoichiometry. The
amount of reactants in the bag should be calculated to ensure that there is an
enough amount for the reaction to happened once there is a vehicular accident.
What do you think will happen if the car manufacturer did not consider the gas
stoichiometry principles governing how the airbags work?
 POST TEST
Choose the letter of the best answer.
1. Gas stoichiometry is anchored by what physical parameters?
A. SATP B. SAP C. STP D. SPT

2. Which of the following process can be used as a guide in determining the moles
of a product from the given the mass of the reactant?
A. Mass of the reactant → Molar mass of reactant → Mole Ratio → Moles of Product
B. Mass of the reactant → Mole Ratio → Molar mass reactant → Moles of Product
C. Mass of the reactant → Molar mass of product → Mole Ratio → Moles of Product
D. Mass of the reactant → Mole Ratio → Molar mass product → Moles of Product

3. Which of the following is the right derived equation for determining the
temperature of a gas?
𝑛𝑅𝑇 𝑛𝑅𝑇 𝑛𝑅 𝑃𝑉
A. 𝑉
B. 𝑃
C. 𝑃𝑉
D. 𝑛𝑅

4-5 Consider the Chemical equation below,

𝑂3 (𝑔) + 𝐻2 𝑂 (𝑙 ) → 𝐻2 (𝑔) + 2𝑂2 (𝑔)

4. How much moles of 𝑂3 gas is formed when 64.g of 𝑂2 gas reacts? (Molar mass 𝑂2
= 32 g/mol)
A. 1.0 mol B. 2.0 mol C. 3.0 mol D. 0.50 mol

5. What is the volume of the 𝑂3 gas inside a container at STP?

A. 0.00030 L B. 3300 L C. 22.4 L D. 1.0 L
 KEY TO CORRECTION

REFERENCES

Brown, Theodore L., H. Eugene LeMay Jr., Bruce E. Bursten, and Catherine J. Murphy. 2009.
Chemistry: The Central Science. 11th. New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc.

Chang, Raymond. 2008. Chemistry. 9th. New York: Mc-Graw Hill.

n.d. cK-12. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://www.ck12.org/chemistry/gas-

stoichiometry/rwa/Saved-by-an-Air-Bag/.

Ebbing, Darrell D., and Steven D. Gammon. 2009. General Chemistry. 9th. Boston, Massachusetts:
Houghton Mifflin Company.