Science 8

Science – Grade 8
Quarter 3 – Module 9: Effect of Temperature to Phase Changes in Matter
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Michelle L. Bartolome
Editors: Jeric N. Estaco
Reviewers: Jeric N. Estaco/ Liza A. ALvarez
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Jean Rean M. Laurente
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera,CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 8
Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 9
Effect of Temperature
to Phase Changes in Matter
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 8 Self-Learning Module on Effect of Temperature to

Phase Changes in Matter!
This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed, and
reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

‘
For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 8 Self-Learning Module on Effect of Temperature, to

Phase Changes in Matter!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATION
What happened when heat is added to a substance? What if it lost from a
substance? The average kinetic energy of the molecules within a substance, can be
measured using three different scales of temperature: Celsius, Fahrenheit and
Kelvin. Temperature exhibits its effect on matter due to its relationship with kinetic
energy regardless of the scale used. The energy of motion and can be measured as
the movement of molecules within an object by its kinetic energy. Examining the
effect of different temperatures on kinetic energy identifies its properties on the
various states of matter.

In this self-learning module, you will be able to;

1. identify the possible effect of change in temperature in phase change in
matter at molecular level;
2. show how phase changes in matter are affected by change in temperature at
molecular level (video clips, role-playing, etc.).
3. realize some importance of phase change in real life situation.

PRE–TEST
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Which is the hottest object?
a. a rock at night
b. a rock under the sun
c. a rock in a refrigerator
d. a rock at the top of the mountain

2. What will happen to an iron bar as it gets hot?

a. it becomes bigger
b. it becomes smaller
c. it becomes heavier
d. It becomes much stronger

3. What happens to an ice cube if you slowly heat it?

a. it gets harder
b. it turns to gas
c. it turns to liquid
d. it turns to solid
 4. What happened during evaporation process?
a. water freezes into ice
b. when a liquid turning into solid
c. a process of liquid turning into gas
d. when a gas turns back into a liquid

5. What causes ice cream to change from solid into a liquid?

a. The surrounding cold air.
b. Ice cream always melts when exposed to oxygen.
c. The room temperature that is warmer than the ice cream.
d. Ice cream naturally melts when exposed to the atmosphere.

RECAP
Identify the phase change being described in the following pictures.

1.This is when water goes 2. This is when a gas 3. This is when a solid
from a liquid to a gas. becomes a liquid. becomes a liquid.
_______________________ __________________ _____________________

LESSON

During the pandemic we used to disinfect all the corners of our home as well
as the things we brought inside our house to get rid of the virus. What did you
notice as you release some spray? The energy is being absorbed or released when a
substance changes its physical state (phase change).
 Figure 1: Temperature vs Heat Graph
In terms of molecular motion of a substance the motion of the molecules
moves faster as it goes from a solid to a liquid to a gas. Kinetic theory explains how
the different sizes of the particles in a gas can give them different, individual
speeds. The higher the Altitude the greater the motion of the molecules. The effect
of temperature and pressure on a substance in a closed container. Every point in
this diagram represents a possible combination of temperature and pressure for
the system. The figure shows the temperature versus heat graph, which represent
the solid, liquid, and gaseous states of the substance. A collision of particles in
which the total kinetic energy of the particles is not conserved. Sublimation, the
change of matter, from solid to gaseous state. The vaporization process, the change
of matter, from gas to liquid. The change of matter, from solid to liquid-melting.
Heat of fusion, where the amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of a solid
at its melting point into a liquid without an increase in temperature. Heat of
vaporization, a collision of particles in which the total kinetic energy of the
particles is conserved. The amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of a
liquid at its boiling point into vapor without an increase in temperature. Depending
on the temperature it will affect the state of matter to change, for example with low
temperature it can cause the matter to freeze, high temperatures to melt or
vaporize. Temperature is related to molecular or atomic motion because when the
heat increases it makes the molecules move faster when the temperature decreases
the motion, decreases also in the atoms. In absolute zero temperature, the absolute
lowest temperature and its where particles do not consist of any heat. The pressure
exerted by a vapor on the solid or liquid phase with which it is in equilibrium. At
pressures lower than the vapor pressure, more atoms, or molecules of the liquid or
solid vaporize and escape from the surface of the liquid or solid than are absorbed
from the vapor, resulting in evaporation. At the vapor pressure the exchange is
equal and there is no net evaporation. When a substance gets its melting and
boiling points the situations of the substance change depending on the
temperature rise or pressure rise. The substance changes in its state to any of the
solid liquid gaseous states.

.
 ACTIVITIES
Let us check your understanding, by performing the three sets of activities.

ACTIVITY 1: STATE YOUR MATTER

The molecules are in constant motion. This motion is different for the states of
matter. Match the words to its description.

Figure 1: Illustration of Different Molecules

1. Gas a. Semi-ordered structure.
2. Liquid b. Slow moving molecules. Highly structured.
3. Solid c. Fast moving molecules. Random structure

ACTIVITY 2: MATTER AND PHASE CHANGE SIMULATOR

Open this link, http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of-matter ,and
follow the given directions.

Figure 2: PhET Simulator

1. Set the atom and molecules to Neon. Do the same to Argon, Oxygen, Water
and Adjustable Attraction.
2. Press the cool bottom down. Observe the structure of atoms and molecules,
temperature, and pressure.
 (For Modular learner please do analyze the picture)

Neon Argon

Oxygen Water

Adjustable Attraction
3. Press the heat bottom up. Observe the/structure, motion, atoms and
molecules, temperature, and pressure.
(For modular learner please do analyze the picture)

Neon Argon

Oxygen Water
 Adjustable Attraction

Questions:
1. What happened to the structure of atoms and molecules as you press the
cool simulator down?
2. What happened to the structure of atoms and molecules as you press the
heat simulator up?
3. Deduce what happened to the pressure as you increase the temperature?

ACTIVITY 3: Melted Crayon Paperweight

Choose three or four light or bright colors of crayons. Peel off the paper and
put the crayons into a zip-locking plastic bag. Place the bag on the sidewalk and
stomp on it or use a mallet to pound the crayons into small pieces. Find a nice rock
and place it into an aluminum pie tin. Sprinkle it with the crayon pieces. Put this
in the hot sun so the crayon pieces will melt onto the rock. When the crayons finish
melting on the rock, take it out of the sun to cool. The crayon hardens and forms a
colorful waxy coating. Cut a piece of felt to glue to the bottom of the rock and use
this as a paperweight.

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/86201780346318153/
Question: How are phase changes in matter (crayons) affected by change in
temperature? ___________________________________________________
 WRAP–UP
Fill in the blanks. Choose from the given words below.

Temperature has a direct effect on whether a substance exists as a solid,

liquid or gas. Generally, increasing the temperature turns ______ into liquids and
liquids into _______; reducing it turns gases into ______ and liquids into solids

If pressure is constant, the state of a substance will depend entirely on the

temperature it is exposed to. For this reason, ice _____ if taken out of a freezer and
water boils out of a pot if left at too high a temperature for too long. ___________ is
merely a measurement of the amount of heat energy present in the surroundings.
When a substance is placed in surroundings of a different temperature, heat is
exchanged between the substance and the surroundings, causing both to achieve
an equilibrium temperature. So, when an ice cube is exposed to heat, its water
molecules absorb heat energy from the surrounding atmosphere and begin to move
more energetically, causing the water ice to melt into liquid water.

Temperature melts liquid gases solid

VALUING
Matter can exist in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state, and the state a
substance is in can be largely determined by its temperature. When a certain
temperature threshold unique to each substance in the universe is crossed, a
phase change will result, changing the state of the matter. Under conditions of
constant pressure temperature is the primary determinant of a substance's phase.
The difference in temperatures and the phases of different kinds of matter allows
for the operation of these two important machines which has a great importance in
our daily living. Arrange the jumbled letters to reveal these two machines.

ATHE GNEENIS___________________ a system that converts heat or

thermal energy to mechanical energy, which can then be used to do
mechanical work. It does this by bringing a working substance from a
higher state temperature to a lower state temperature.

ATIRGERORSEFR__________________ Cold temperatures help food

stay fresh longer. The basic idea behind is to slow down the activity of
bacteria (which all food contains) so that it takes longer for the bacteria to
spoil the food.
 POST TEST
Let us measures how much you have learned from this module. Write the letter of
the correct answer in your answer sheet.

1.What would be the effect on the particles if more heat is supplied to the system?

A. They would slow down C. They would stop moving

B. They would speed up D. There would be no effect

2. All phase changes (changing states) requires energy to be added or taken away
condensation.
A. false C. no
B. maybe D. true

3. When you heat a sample of a solid, what happen to the particles that make up
the solid?
A. Slow down C. Move faster
B. Gets bigger D. Loose mass

4. Food coloring spread-out faster in hot water than in cold water. This is mainly
because,
A. hot water is less dense.
B. the food coloring molecules are small.
C. the molecules are hot, waters are larger.
D. the water molecules in hot move rapidly.

5. When a thermometer is heated, the red liquid inside the thermometer moves up,
this is mainly because,
A. hot liquid s lighter.
B. the molecules of the liquid move faster and get a little further apart.
C. hot liquid is lighter, so the molecules goes down and the gas spreads up.
D. The glass of thermometer gets hot and the molecules inside boils that tends
to move up the red liquid.
 KEY TO CORRECTION
Pretest Posttest Recap Valuing

Activity 1 Wrap-up Activity 2

R E F E R E N CE S
Martin, Purita Ramos, et al. (2007). Connecting with Science Chemistry III.
Salesiana Books
Sta.Ana, Susan T. (2011). Exploring the Realms of Science Chemistry.JO-ES
Publishing House, Inc.
Sta.Ana, Susan T., etal, (2016). Exploring the Realms of Science Chemistry. New
Enhanced Edition Based on K to 12.JO-ES Publishing House, Inc
Cebrian, Methusael.Chemistry.January.2003.BSE-Department of Education
Operation Handbook in Science. Bec Science, PSSLC Science.De.24, 2009
Narson, Tanner. States of Matter. January 4, 2013.
https://prezi.com/8laflljxz8c5/states-of-matter/

Thryn, Damien. (2020, November 6). What Is the Effect of Temperature on States of
Matter?. sciencing.com. Retrieved from https://sciencing.com/effect-
temperature-states-matter-8601348.html
Johnson, Steve. (2020, November 6). Science Project: The Effects of Temperature on
Liquids. sciencing.com. Retrieved from https://sciencing.com/science-project-
effects-temperature-liquids-7796706.html