Science 7

Science – Grade 7
Quarter 4 – Module 11: Monsoons
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: John F. Bautista
Editor: Rosalina B. Piamonte
Reviewer: Mylyn P. Gabriel
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Jean Rean M. Laurente
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 7
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 11
Monsoons
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 7 Self-Learning Module on Monsoons!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed, and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 7 Self-Learning Module on Monsoons!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measure how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This module is designed and written to explain what happens when volcanoes
erupt. It has prepared to provide activities for reinforcement, strengthening, and
enriching knowledge and skills. The skills in this module cover all the most essential
learning competencies in the list issued by the Department of Education.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. describe the two pronounced monsoons in the Philippines;
2. determine the direction of wind movement during different seasons in the
Philippine using a map; and
3. recognize the benefits that we could get from monsoons.

PRETEST
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet
of paper.
1. What are the two pronounced monsoons in the Philippines?
A. Northeast and Southeast monsoons
B. Northeast and Southwest monsoons
C. Northwest and Southeast monsoons
D. Northwest and Southwest monsoons
2. Which of the following does NOT describe the amihan?
A. It brings lots of rain.
B. It brings cold weather.
C. It comes around July to September.
D. It comes from the northeast and moves southward.
3. Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE about amihan and
habagat?
A. Amihan is known as the northeast monsoon.
B. Habagat is known as the southwest monsoon.
C. From October to March the habagat comes from the northeast and
moves toward the south.
D. From October to March the amihan comes from the northeast and
moves towards the south.
4. In what directions do winds blow?
A. The wind goes everywhere.
B. The wind moves toward the ITCZ.
C. The wind moves from a high-pressure area toward a low-pressure
area.
D. The wind moves from a low-pressure area towards a low-pressure
area.
5. How do monsoons affect people?
A. Farmers welcome the monsoons because they supply rain for their
crops.
B. Fisherfolks are not happy because it is not safe to go fishing when
it is raining and the wind is also blowing hard.
 C. The rains from the monsoon fill up the dams that store water for a
variety of purposes such as domestic use, irrigation, and electricity
generation.
D. All of the statements are correct.

RECAP

In your previous lesson, you have learned about the sea and land breeze. Can
you still remember your lesson about it? Let us have some practice exercises to
refresh your mind. Put a check (✔) on the blanks provided if the statement is about
SEA BREEZE and X if the statement refers to LAND BREEZE.
_________________1. The flow of the moving air from land to water.
_________________2. The moving air or wind from the sea.
_________________3. It is also known as onshore wind.
_________________4. It is also known as offshore wind.
_________________5. This happens during night time.

LESSON

Look at the pictures below. What do these photos have in common?

The pictures show heavy rainfall. Do you know what monsoons are? Many
people think that monsoons are rain but they are not. Monsoons are wind systems
experienced by our country, the Philippines, and many other countries as well.
Derived from mauism, the Arabic word for "season," a monsoon often refers to a rainy
season — but this only describes the weather a monsoon brings, not what a monsoon
is. Monsoon is a seasonal shift in wind direction and pressure distribution that
causes a change in precipitation.
 These winds usually bring abundant rainfall to the country and this is
probably the reason why they have been mistaken for rains. Like sea breeze and land
breeze, monsoons can be explained using the concepts that you have learned from
the previous modules: warm air rises, and the surrounding air moves in toward the
place where the warm air rises.

But while the sea breeze and land breezes happen during daytime and
nighttime, the monsoons occur from season to season. Both land and sea breezes
occur locally, along with coastal areas, the monsoons affect greatly a much wider
area, including a large body of water and land.

Air pressure is the weight of the air above a certain area. The air pressure is
not the same everywhere. Remember, in places where warm air rises, the air pressure
is low. A low-pressure area is a place where warm air is rising. In contrast, a high-
pressure area is a place where cold air is sinking.

In the Philippines, there are two types of monsoons. They are southeast
monsoons and northeast monsoons.

SOUTHEAST AND NORTHEAST MONSOONS

Figure 3. Southwest and Northeast Monsoons

From October to March, the northeast monsoon also known as hanging

amihan comes from the northeast and moves toward the south. Why does the wind
move or blows from north to south? It is because there is a low-pressure area in the
south (near Australia) during that time.

From July to September, the southwest monsoon or hanging habagat comes

from southwest and moves toward the north. That means that the low-pressure area
is no longer in the south. This time it is located to the north of the Philippines (in the
Asian continent preferably).

The northeast (hanging amihan) is cold because it comes from cold areas or
countries, such as Siberia and Mongolia, in the Asian continent.
 Both hanging amihan and hanging habagat bring a lot of rain in the
Philippines. This is because the winds pass over the bodies of water which supply a
lot of moisture. The hanging amihan passes through the Pacific Ocean before it
reaches the Philippines, bringing a lot of rains in the eastern part of the country
while hanging habagat passes through the Indian Ocean and West Philippine Sea
before it arrives in the country, resulting in the experience of the rain by the western
portion of the country.

The monsoons such as hanging amihan and habagat affect greatly the people
in various ways. Most of the farmers welcome the monsoons because it supplies the
rain for their crops. While fishermen are not happy because it is not safe for them to
go fishing when it is raining very hard and the wind is blowing also. Fish pen owners
also worry about monsoons, because when the fish pen overflows, they lose all the
fish within. Monsoons greatly help in filling our water dams, and the stored water is
used for many purposes such as domestic use (drinking, washing), irrigation, and
even for electricity generation. How about you, how do monsoons affect your life? Did
it affect your schooling?

The next activities will give you a first-hand idea about the types of monsoons
experienced in the country as a result of Philippines’ location.

ACTIVITIES

Module No. 11: Activity No.1: Complete Me!

Write SWM if the statement is true and write NEM if the statement is false.

_______1. The wind moves from a high-pressure area toward a low-pressure area.

_______2. There are three types of monsoons.

_______3. From October to March, the southwest monsoon or amihan comes from
the northeast and moves toward the south.

_______4. The northeast monsoon or amihan is warm because it comes from warm
areas such as Siberia and Mongolia.

_______5. From July to September, the southwest monsoon or habagat comes from
the southwest and moves toward the north.

_______6. Both amihan and habagat bring rain to the Philippines.

_______7. Farmers welcome monsoons because they supply rain for their crops.

_______8. The location of a high and low-pressure area is greatly affected by the
Earth’s tiltation and revolution around the sun.

_______9. Hanging amihan is also known as the southwest monsoon.

_______10. Fisherfolks and fish pen owners are not affected by monsoons.
 Module No. 11: Activity No.2: Know Your Map!

Materials: Figure 17: Pressure and Winds in January, Figure 18: Pressure and
Winds in July, pencil

Procedure:

1. Study Figure 17. It shows the pressure and movement of the wind in
different parts of the world in January. Low-pressure areas are represented
by L and high-pressure areas are represented by H. The broken lines with
arrowheads show the direction of the wind. Answer the following questions
based on the given map.

1. Analyze the high-pressure area (the one that is marked with a red star) and
study the direction of the wind. What have you noticed about the movement
of the wind towards the low-pressure area? Does it move toward the low-
pressure area or it moves away from it?
2. Analyze the low-pressure area (the one that is marked with a blue star) and
study the direction of the wind. Does it move toward the high-pressure area
or it moves away from it?
3. What is the direction of the wind: from a high-pressure area to a low-
pressure area or from a low-pressure area to a high-pressure area?
 4. Label the directions of the map as north, east, west, and south. Use the
boxes provided on the map.
5. Encircle the Philippines on the given map.
6. Study the direction of the wind near the Philippine vicinity. What is the
direction of the wind blowing near the Philippines during January?

Study Figure 18. It shows the direction of the wind and the pressure in the
different parts of the world in July.

7. Study the direction of the wind near the Philippine vicinity. What is the
direction of the wind blowing near the Philippines during the month of July?
 WRAP-UP

To summarize what you have learned, answer the following. Write True if the
statement is correct and False if it is incorrect, and change the underlined word
with the correct answer.

1. The wind moves from a high-pressure area toward the low-pressure area.
2. There are two types of monsoons: Southwest monsoon and East-west
monsoon.
3. From July to September, the southwest monsoon or habagat comes from
the southwest and moves toward the north.
4. From October to March, the northeast monsoon or amihan comes from
the northeast and moves toward the south.
5. The monsoons such as hanging amihan and hanging habagat do not
affect the lives of the Filipinos.

VALUING

Module No 10: Activity 3: Know Your Location!

The monsoon season can bring a deluge

that can cause flash floods in less than an hour
of continuous downpour. Monsoons greatly
affect the lives of the people. Knowing that
the Philippines is greatly affected by
monsoons such as hanging amihan and
hanging habagat, what are the best tips to
care for your home during the monsoon
season? As a student, what are the best
things to do during monsoon seasons? How
can you stay safe during a monsoon?
 POSTTEST

Read and answer the following questions. Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. What are the two pronounced monsoons in the Philippines?
A. Luntian and Habagat C. Amihan and Habagat
B. Amihan and Amaya D. Alupihan and Bahaghari

2. We have two wind systems, amihan, and habagat. Which of the following DOES
NOT describe amihan?
A. It brings lots of rain.
B. It brings cold weather
C. It comes around July to September.
D. It comes from the northeast and moves southward.

3. Which of the following statement is TRUE about habagat?

A. Amihan is known as the southwest monsoon.
B. Habagat is known as the northeast monsoon.
C. From July to October, the habagat comes from the southwest and moves
toward the north.
D. From October to March the amihan comes from the northeast and moves
towards the south.

4.Why do amihan and habagat bring a lot of rain to the Philippines?

A. Due to the rotation of the earth.
B. It is due to the prayers made by farmers.
C. This is because of the large piece of land near the Philippines.
D. This is because the wind passes over bodies of water which supply a lot of
moisture.

5.Which of the following is the negative effect of monsoons in the Philippines?

A. It supplies rain for the farming industry.
B. The rains brought by monsoons fill up the dams that store water.
C. The rain brought by monsoons is used by the farmers in irrigation.
D. Fish pen owners worry about monsoon rains because when the pens
overflow, they lose all the fish within.
Pre-assessment
1. B 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. D
Recap
1. X 2. ✔ 3. ✔ 4. X 5. X
Activity 1
1. SWM 6. SWM
2. NEM 7. SWM
3. SWM 8. SWM
4. NEM 9. NEM
5. SWM 10. NEM
Activity 2
1. Winds move away from the high-pressure area.
2. Winds move toward a low-pressure area.
3. Winds blow from high-pressure area to low-pressure area.
4. North is toward the top portion of the map. South is toward the bottom.
West is toward the left while the east is toward the right.
5. Let the learners encircle the Philippines.
6. Near the Philippines, the wind blows from the northeast in January.
7. Near the Philippines, the wind blows from the southwest in July.
Wrap-Up
1. True
2. False, northwest
3. True
4. True
5. False, does
Activity 3
Answers may vary.
Post-Assessment
1. C 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. D
KEY TO CORRECTION
 References
A. Books

Asuncion, et. al. 2017. Science 7 Teacher’s Guide First Edition. FEP Printing
Corporation.

B. Online and Electronic Sources

Cold Front Image. Accessed as of October 28,

2020.https://sites.google.com/site/msmcgirrssciencepage/course-
resources/topic-6b---meteorology

Recording Daily Weather. Accessed as of October 28, 2020.

https://mocomi.com/recording-daily-weather/

Weather Forecasting. Accessed as of October 28, 2020.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weather_forecasting

Image of the Reflection of Light Energy. Accessed as of October 28, 2020.

http://charlie.weathertogether.net/2017/10/08/transition-winter-faster-
transition/

Climate of the Philippines. Accessed as of October 28, 2020.

http://www.bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/

Observed Climate Trends and Projected Climate Change in the

Philippines.Accessed as of October 28,
2020.http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/climate/

The Hows and Whys of East Asian Monsoons. Accessed as of October 28,
2020. https://danielwostler.wordpress.com/2017/11/17/the-hows-and-
whys-of-east-asian-monsoons/

Monsoon Season in the Philippines. Accessed as of January 27, 2021.

MONSOON SEASON IN THE PHILIPPINES | Philippine Observers
(wordpress.com)