ME 521A

Good day everyone, I hope your fine as you receive this message. If you have an internet
connection, please visit our google classroom. In our class, I already uploaded some materials
which you can use for our subject. I hoped that you tried reading some of it.

PPE Topics based on syllabus

ME 521A
1. Introduction to Power Plant Engineering
2. Power and Energy
3. Variable Load Problems
4. Power Plant Economics
5. Internal Combustion Engine (Diesel) Power Plant
6. Steam Power Plants
7. Gas Turbine Power Plant
8. Hydroelectric Power Plants
9. Geothermal Power Plants
10. Other Power Plants
10.1 Nuclear Power Plants
10.2 Wind Turbines and Power Plants
10.3 OTEC Power Plants
10.4 Solar Power Plants
11. Co-generation and Energy Management System

GOOD LUCK AND GOD BLESS…

Final Requirement
For your final requirement, kindly read all the materials I posted on our class then you
are to answer/solve the problems/questions given on the following pages. For parts I-IV,
you are to answer them completely but for part V, just pick 10 problems and solve them
showing your complete solution. Encoded/computerized requirement is allowed except for
your solutions on the problems which are required to be hand written.

***For additional points (bonus points), you can make a summary of all the formulae used in
PIPE. You can put it in any paper you like (index card, cartolina?, manila paper, etc). I suggest
you do this in preparation for your board exams. You can use this as a review material later on.
You may also want to post it on your ceiling or on your walls for you to memorize all of those. I
also suggest that you start reading the elements I have given you. Take note that on your
review you will be given thousands (more than 10,000) of elements.

Submission:
The requirement is to be submitted on our google classroom on or before May 20, 2020.
Photograph or scan your requirement and submit it as a folder with file name: LASTNAME,
Givenname (ex. LICDAN, Maurice).

*This requirement will be 60% of your final final grade. 40% will come from your prelim grade.
*For inquiries/questions you can chat me on messenger.

GOOD LUCK AND GOD BLESS…

 Final Requirement for ME 521A
I. Identification: Identify what is being asked or described in each number and write your answer on the space
provided for each number without any form of alteration.
___________________________ 1. From the power plant, energy is sent to ______ which are located at the end of
primary distribution system.
___________________________ 2. It is the sum of continuous ratings of all the equipment and outlets on the costumer’s
circuit.
____RUDOLF DIESEL_______ 3. The German engineer, who invented the diesel engine.
___LOAD CURVE____________ 4. This refers to the graph used to represent the relationship between the demanded load
and time sequence.
_ LOAD CURVE DURATION__ 5. A curve that is obtained from the same data as the daily load curves for one year or a
period of 8760 hrs.
___________________________ 6. It is the Annual kilowatt-Hour Produced divided by the product of the plant capacity
and number of hours the plant was used.
___________________________ 7. It is the power developed by the action of a piston within a cylinder.
___________________________ 8. It is the power delivered to a shaft.
___________________________ 9. It is the power dissipated in an engine through friction.
___________________________ 10. It is the actual maximum demand divided by the connected load.
___________________________ 11. The concrete mixture ratio used for power plant foundations and footings.
___________________________ 12. It is an instrument use to measures the area of actual P – V diagram traced by
engine indicator.
___________________________ 13. The products of combustion from the furnace of a steam power plant must be
discharged to the atmosphere through the _________.
___________________________ 14. It is the most important part of the power plant building.
___________________________ 15. Brake power is measured and calculated using either _____ or ____. (give one)

II. Identification/ fill in the blanks. Write your answers on the spaces provided before each number without any
form of alterations.

_____________________1. Uranium is denoted as 92U235, where 92 is the _1__and 235 is the _2__in the isotope nucleus.
_____________________2.
_____________________3. ____ are provided to slow down the neutrons from the high velocities but not to absorb them.
_____________________4. _____ limit the number of fuel atoms that can split. They are made of boron or cadmium
which absorbs neutrons.
_____________________5. _____is a device that prevents escape of radiation from reactor vessel.
_____________________6. How much neutron is created during fission?
_____________________7. It is the source of the vast majority of the energy we use on earth.
GOOD LUCK AND GOD BLESS…
_____________________8. Value of solar constant in W/m2.
_____________________9. It is a converter that changes the light energy into electrical energy.
_____________________10. Plants capture solar energy through _____ to make food.
_____________________11. Any organic matter that can be used as an energy source is called _____.
_____________________12. It is the world’s largest solar energy collector and energy storage system.
_____________________13. A wind caused by daily rotation of earth around its polar axis and unequal temperature
between Polar Regions and equatorial regions.
_____________________14. _____ changes the kinetic energy of the wind into rotary motion that can do work.
_____________________15. A force that is in the direction of wheel rotation that provide the torque.
_____________________16. It is characterized by or partially molten rock with temperatures reaching as high as 1200°C.
_____________________17. A type of geothermal power plant which is vapour dominated where steam directly runs the
turbine
_____________________18. It is a crack in the earth through which geothermal substances passes.
_____________________19. It is the facility in which the electrical energy is produced from hot spring, steam vent or
geyser.
_____________________20. The motion of air caused by uneven heating of the earth’s surface by the sun and rotation of
the earth.
III. ENUMERATION
1. Energy from the ocean can be harness from ____, _____, _____, and _____.
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2. Enumerate 4 types of biomass.
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3. Enumerate 5 types of wind turbines.
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IV. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of the correct answer from the choices given and write it on the
spaces provided for each number without any form of alteration.
_______ 1. What is the most efficient thermodynamic cycle?
A. Carnot C. Rankine
B. Diesel D. Brayton

_______ 2. The products of complete combustion of gaseous hydrocarbons.

A. Carbon dioxide and water C. Carbon monoxide, water and ammonia
B. Carbon monoxide D. Water, carbon monoxide and carbon
dioxide

_______ 3. The ratio of actual maximum demand and the connected load.
A. Diversity Factor C. Use Factor
B. Demand Factor D. Face Factor

_______ 4. Which of the following in not part of non-conventional power plants.

A. Nuclear Power Plant C. Wind Power Plant
B. Geothermal Power Plant D. Solar power Plant

_______ 5. The geothermal power plant in which source is vapour dominated where steam directly runs the turbine.
A. Superheated Geothermal Plant C. Double Flashed Geothermal Plant
B. Single Flashed Geothermal Plant D. Binary Geothermal Plant

_______ 6. A gas power cycle that is composed of 2 isentropic processes and 2 isometric processes.
A. Diesel cycle C. Brayton cycle
B. Dual cycle D. Otto cycle

_______ 7. It is the ignition rating of gasoline, which is the percentage by volume of iso-octane and heptane that matches
the gasoline in anti-knock quality.
A. Cellphone number C. Octane number
B. Cetane number D. Atomic number

_______ 8. It is the part of the steam power plant concern in making steam.

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A. Evaporator C. Steam turbine
 B. Steam generator D. Condenser

_______ 9. It is a liquid whose temperature is lower than the saturation temperature corresponding to the given pressure.
A. Subcooled Liquid C. Saturated Liquid
B. Compressed Liquid D. Superheated Steam

_______ 10. It is an internally reversible constant volume process of a pure substance.

A. Isobaric process C. Isothermal process

B. Isentropic process D. Isochoric process

V. PROBLEM SOLVING: Answer the following problems showing your complete solution on separate sheets of
paper.
Emphasize your answers on your solution paper.

1. A superheat steam Rankine cycle has a turbine inlet conditions of 17.5 MPa and 530°C expands in a turbine to
0.007 Mpa. The turbine and pump polytropic efficiencies are 0.9 and 0.7 respectively. What is the actual pump work
in kJ/kg?

2. In an open feedwater heater for a steam power plant, saturated steam at 7 bar is mixed with subcooled liquid at 7 bar
and 25°C. Just enough steam is supplied to ensure that the mixed steam leaving the heater will be saturated liquid at 7
bar. Calculate the mass flow rate of subcooled liquid if steam flow rate is 0.865 kg per second.

3. In a Rankine cycle, saturated liquid water at 1 bar is compressed isentropically to 150 bar. First by heating in a
boiler and then by superheating at constant pressure of 150 bar, the water substance is brought to 750 K. after
adiabatic reversible expansion in a turbine to 1 bar, it is then cooled in a condenser to a saturated liquid. How much
work is generated in the turbine?
4. A flashed steam geothermal plant has pressurized underground water available at 10 MPa and 2400C. In order to
produce steam-water mixture, the ground water is passed and throttled to 0.53 MPa in a steam separator. The dry steam
produced in the separator is fed to double flow impulse and reaction turbine with guaranteed engine efficiency of 85%.
The turbine is directly coupled to a 3 phase, 60 Hz, 80% power factor, 13800-V air cooled generator. Exhaust is to be
direct-contact spray type main condenser designed to operate a vacuum of 647.5 mm of Hg. Generator efficiency is
95%, ground water is 459 kg/s. Solve for the ff:
a.) mass flow rate of steam entering the turbine?
b.) the actual power generated by the plant in
MW?
c.) the apparent power developed by the generator in KVA?
d.) how many cubic meter per hour of fresh water that must be supplied to the main condenser if water from cooling
tower enters the condenser at 350C and leaves at 480C?
e.) how many production wells are needed to supply the plant with pressurized water if each well has a capacity
of 127,200 kg/hr?
f.) determine the thermal efficiency of the geothermal plant?

5. A vapor dominated geothermal plant receives vapor at 2.9 MPa and 250 0C. A direct contact condenser operates at
0.034 MPa. The turbine has a polytropic efficiency of 0.75. For a cycle plant output of 50
MW, a.) what is the mass flow rate of the well-water in kg/s?

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6. In a geothermal power plant, the mass flow rate of ground water is 400 kg/s and the quality after throttling is 20%.
If the turbine power is 80 MW, what is the change in enthalpy of steam at the inlet and outlet of the turbine?

7. The intake of the compressor of an air-standard Brayton cycle is 35,000 ft3/min at 14 psia and 95°F. The compression
ratio is 4 and the temperature at the turbine inlet is 1500°F. The exit pressure of the turbine is 14 psia. Determine the a.)
the volume at each state, b.) temperature at state 2 and 4, c.) work of compressor and work of turbine, d.) mean effective
pressure.

8. Air enters the compressor at atmospheric temperature and leaves the compressor of a gas turbine unit at 5.5 bar, 227°C
and 43 m/s. The products of combustion enters the turbine at 517 kPa, 1007°C and 140 m/s. Liquid fuel enters with a
heating value of 43,000 kJ/kg. The combustor efficiency is 90%. Determine a.) heat absorbed by the gas in the
combustor b.) the mass of fuel per mass of air and c.) the air-fuel ratio. Use the approximate enthalpy.

9. In your project study, you are to design a solar car with total roof area of 6.4 m2. Calculate the electrical
power available assuming the solar cell efficiency is 20% and a constant light intensity can give 1000 W/m2.

10. Compute for the possible power that can be gathered from the wind in Santo Tomas having an average velocity of 7
m/s using two 4 meters diameter wind turbines with 15% efficiency. The atmospheric pressure is 95 KPa and
temperature is at 16 degrees C.
11. In a Rankine cycle, steam enters the turbine at 2.5 MPa and condenser of 50 kPa. Compute a.) the work of the turbine and
b.) work of the pump. c.) How much heat is needed for this cycle? d.) What is the thermal efficiency of the cycle?

12. A reheat steam has 13, 000 kPa throttle pressure at the turbine and a 2800 kPa reheat pressure, the throttle and reheat
temperature of the steam is 540°C, condenser pressure is 3.4 kPa, engine efficiency of high pressure and low pressure is
75%. Solve for the a.) actual and ideal work of turbine b.) ideal work of pump c.) ideal heat added d.) ideal cycle thermal
efficiency.

13. The gas-turbine portion is the topping cycle and an ideal rankine is the bottoming cyle of a combined gas–steam
power plant that has a pressure ratio of 16. Air enters the compressor at 300 K at a rate of 14 kg/s and is heated to 1500 K
in the combustion chamber. The combustion gases leaving the gas turbine are used to heat the steam to 400°C at 10 MPa
in a heat exchanger. The combustion gases leave the heat exchanger at 420 K. The steam leaving the turbine is condensed
at 15 kPa. Assuming all the compression and expansion processes to be isentropic, determine (a) the mass flow rate of
the steam, (b) the power output of the gas turbine, (c) the power output of the steam turbine, (d) the heat added to the
cycle, and € the thermal efficiency of the combined cycle.

14. Consider a steam power plant operating on the ideal regenerative Rankine cycle with one open feedwater heater.
Steam enters the turbine at 15 Mpa and 600 C and is condensed in the condenser at a pressure of 10 kPa. Some steam
leaves the turbine at a pressure of 1.2 Mpa and enters the open feedwater heater. Determine (a) the enthalphy of the
steam at all point and (b) fraction of steam extracted from the turbine.

GOOD LUCK AND GOD BLESS…

GOOD LUCK AND GOD BLESS…