Compliance Engineering Journal ISSN NO: 0898-3577

STUDENTS HEALTH BASED ON BODY MASS INDEX OF THE HIGH SCHOOL

STUDENTS DURING THE ACADEMIC YEARS 2017 – 2020

1Dr.R.Arumugam 2K.Rajasri, , 3M.Rajathi
1,3
Assistant Professor, 2PG Student,
1,2
Department of Mathematics, 3Department of Software Engineering
Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science & Technology, Thanjavur-613 403
Tamilnadu, India
Email: arumugamr2@gmail.com, mkrajasri@gmail.com, rajathiarumugam@pmu.edu

Abstract
Health is a state of mental, physical and social well-being in
which disease and infirmity are absent. Body Mass Index (BMI) may be a value derived from
the mass (weight) and height of a person. The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by
the square of the body height, and is universally expressed in units of kg/m2, resulting from
mass in kilograms and height in metres. In this study we are focusing on the student’s health
based on body mass index of the high school students during the academic years 2017 –
2018, 2018 – 2019 and 2019 – 2020. Here, we are finding the correlation coefficient, linear
regression and BMI (Body Mass Index) using the values like height and weight of a group of
male and female school students. BMI (Body Mass Index) was calculated to compare the
health status of male and female students individually. We used the python software to
estimate the values of correlation coefficient and linear regression. From this study we are
representing that most of the students in both male and female have normal weight according
to their actual height and also have normal height.
Keywords: Body Mass Index (BMI), Correlation, Regression, Python software

1. Introduction
The BMI is a convenient rule of thumb used to widely categorize someone as
underweight, regular weight, overweight or obese based on tissue mass (muscle, fat, and
bone) and height. Commonly regular BMI levels are underweight (below 18.5kg/m2), regular
weight (18.five to 25), overweight (25 to 30), and obese (over 30) [1]. BMIs below 20 and
over 25 had been related with better all-reasons mortality, with the chance growing with
distance from the 20–25 range [2]. Obesity is described because the presence of a frame mass
index (BMI) ≥ 30 and is taken into consideration to be one of the quickest developing health
issues within the current world [3, 4]. A look at completed in the United States amongst
youngsters and children elderly 6 - 19 years in 2001 - 2002 confirmed that 31.5% had been at
hazard for obese or had been obese, and 16.5% had been overweight in comparison with

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29.9% and 15.0%, respectively in 1999 - 2000 [5]. Another look at completed in England
confirmed that the superiority of obese and weight problems amongst boys elderly 7 - eleven
years become 17% and for ladies within the equal age organization, the superiority become
23.6% [6]. In the United Arab Emirates, the superiority within the age organization of 5 - 17
years becomes 21.5% for obese and 13.7% for weight problems [7]. A look at completed in
Saudi Arabia in a pattern of male faculty youngsters 6 - 18 years of age confirmed that
eleven.7% of them had been obese and 15.8% of them had been overweight [8].
The impact of Dengue fever in Thanjavur district based on the statistical study by
Dr.R.Arumugam et. al.,[9]. A statistical study was made for the production of Crops before
and after Gaja cyclone within the delta region by Dr.Arumugam.R et.al., [10]. Applications
mobile learning through statistical approach in the higher educational institutions was
discussed by M.Rajathi and R.Arumugam [11]. The impact of COVID-19 at Mayiladuthurai
district, Tamilnadu based on the statistical study was made by M.Harikumaran,
Dr.R.Arumugam and M.Rajathi [12]. A statistical study on Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test
among women and men within the age Group of 20 and 30 in Thanjavur district was
discussed by R.Arumugam et.al. [13]. Some applications of manpower with various stages in
Business using stochastic models discussed by R.Arumugam et. al [14]. Relationship between
Body Mass Index (BMI) and obesity awareness in school students studied by Hassan D.
Alasmari et. al [15]. Previous research have validated that in one of a kind advanced
countries, the bulk of folks reveal constrained records regarding weight problems co-
morbidities and the knowledge is even much less whilst asking approximately weight
problems as a acknowledged risk element for cancer [16, 17].

2. Methods and Materials

The survey was conducted in Government Higher Secondary School, Chengalpattu
district in the area P.V Kalathur among high school students during the last three academic
years (2017 – 2018, 2018 – 2019 and 2019 – 2020). In the total of 100 students have signed
up of which 51 are male and 49 are female students. The weight in kilograms of each student
was calculated using a high precision digital balance scale. The use of digital scale has two
advantages. Firstly it provides high precision data; secondly it reduces parallax errors. The
heights have been measured using a wall measure tape of Average 0.01 inch precision and
converted into centimeters. During this step the maximum stretching of the body was insured
without any shoes. And also the Body Mass index (BMI) of the students was calculated to
compare the health status of male and female students based on statistical tools like
correlation and regression.

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3. Analysis
Correlation analysis is a statistical method used to evaluate the strength of relationship
between two quantitative variables. A high correlation means that two or more variables have
a strong relationship with each other, while a weak correlation means that the variables are
hardly related. In other words, it is the process of studying the strength of that relationship
with available statistical data.

3.1 Correlation Coefficient and Linear Regression between Student’s Height and
Weight
Regression analysis is a set of statistical methods used for the estimation of
relationships between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. It can be
utilized to assess the strength of the relationship between variables and for modeling the
future relationship between them. This technique is strictly connected to the linear regression
analysis that is a statistical approach for modeling the association between a dependent
variable, called response, and one or more explanatory or independent variables. Regression
analysis method is the most widely used in multivariate statistical analysis. This paper not
only introduces the correlation coefficient and linear regression in height and weight and also
calculates BMI to compare the health status of male and female students individually.

Table 1: Student’s height and weight during the academic year 2017 – 2018, 2018-2019
and 2019- 2020
2017 - 2018 2018 - 2019 2019 - 2020
STUDENT X(Height) Y(Weight) STUDENT X(Height) Y(Weight) STUDENT X(Height) Y(Weight)
1.(Male) 174 96 1.(M) 153 121 1.(M) 193 54
2. 189 87 2. 178 52 2. 175 85
3. 149 61 3. 144 80 3. 190 83
4. 189 104 4. 157 56 4. 178 117
5. 147 92 5. 161 118 5. 141 80
6. 154 111 6. 185 76 6. 180 75
7. 174 90 7. 181 111 7. 165 104
8. 195 81 8. 161 72 8. 181 51
9. 155 51 9. 140 102 9. 164 75
10. 191 79 10. 163 110 10. 186 118
11. 140 109 11. 172 105 11. 168 123
12. 144 105 12. 196 106 12. 198 50
13 172 95 13 172 92 13 145 117
14. 157 110 14. 178 127 14. 177 61
15. 185 96 15. 143 88 15. 197 119
16. 190 95 16.(F) 190 65 16. 142 69
17. 187 62 17. 187 131 17. 160 109
18. 179 102 18. 179 103 18. 195 69
19.(F) 185 110 19. 185 102 19.(F) 191 54

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20. 195 104 20. 195 114 20. 141 43

21. 169 103 21. 169 62 21. 179 68
22. 159 80 22. 159 81 22. 172 96
23. 192 101 23. 192 120 23. 168 59
24. 153 107 24. 153 108 24. 164 82
25. 157 110 25. 157 126 25. 194 96
26. 153 93 26. 153 122 26. 153 51
27. 169 87 27. 169 105 27. 185 100
28. 172 67 28. 172 54 28. 197 64
29. 151 64 29. 151 89 29. 168 90
30. 163 69 30. 163 70 30. 176 122
--- --- --- --- --- --- 31. 166 140
--- --- --- --- --- --- 32. 190 105
--- --- --- --- --- --- 33. 175 141
--- --- --- --- --- --- 34. 159 104
--- --- --- --- --- --- 35. 185 90
--- --- --- --- --- --- 36. 178 88
--- --- --- --- --- --- 37. 183 96
--- --- --- --- --- --- 38. 194 101
--- --- --- --- --- --- 39. 170 93
--- --- --- --- --- --- 40. 190 50

Correlation coefficient between student’s height and weight during the academic year
2017 and 2018
= 5089; = 2721; = 871893; = 255369; XY = 621268; N = 30

N  XY   X  Y 30(621268)  (5089)(2721)
r 
N  X  ( X )
2 2
N  Y  ( Y )
2 2
30(871893)  (5089) 2 30(255369)  ( 2721) 2

r = 0.0227

Figure 1: Correlation Scatter chart 1

Regression between student’s height and weight during the academic year 2017 – 2018
= 5089; = 2721; = 871893; = 255,369; XY = 621268; N = 30

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Y  b0  b1 X

N  X  ( X )( Y ) Y  b  X
b0  ; b1 
N  X  ( X )
2 2
N
= 86.853 = 0.0227

Figure 2: Regression Scatter chart 1

Correlation coefficient between student’s height and weight during the academic year
2018 and 2019

= 5127; = 2918; = 883821; = 404474; XY = 490238; N = 30

N  XY   X  Y 30(490238)  (5127)(2918)
r 
N  X 2  ( X ) 2 N  Y  ( Y )
2 2
30(883821)  (5127) 2 30(404474)  (2918) 2

r = 0.0879

Figure 3: Correlation Scatter chart 2

Regression between student’s height and weight during the academic year 2018 and
2019
= 5127; = 2918; = 883821; = 404474; XY = 490238; N = 30

Y  b0  b1 X

N  X  ( X )( Y ) Y  b  X
b0  ; b1 
N  X 2  ( X ) 2 N

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= 73.631 = 0.1303

Figure 4: Regression Scatter chart 2

Correlation coefficient between student’s height and weight during the academic year
2019 and 2020

= 6835; = 3492; = 1239419; = 324008; XY = 611149; N = 40

N  XY   X  Y 40(611149)  (6835)(3492)
r 
N  X 2  ( X ) 2 N  Y 2  ( Y ) 2 40(1239419)  (6835) 2 40(324008)  (3492) 2

r = - 0.0437

Figure 5: Regression Scatter chart 3

Regression between student’s height and weight during the academic year 2019 - 2020

= 6835; = 3492; = 1239419; = 324008; XY = 611149; N = 40

N  X  ( X )( Y ) Y  b  X
Y  b0  b1 X ; b0  ; b1 
N  X 2  ( X ) 2 N
= 99.747 = - 0.071

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Figure 6: Regression Scatter chart 3

Table 2: Average BMI for students in the year 2017 – 2018, 2018-2019 and 2019-2020

2017 – 2018 2018– 2019 2019 – 2020

Male Female Male Female Male Female
Number of participants 18 12 15 15 18 22
Average height(cm) 171 168 166 172 174 176
Average weight(kg) 90 91 94 97 87 88
Average BMI 30.8 32.2 34.1 33 28.7 28.4

4. Software Testing
4.1 Correlation coefficient 2017-2018

Output

4.2 Correlation coefficient 2018-2019

Output

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4.3 Correlation coefficient 2019-2020

Output

4.4 Linear Regression 2017-2018

Output

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4.5 Linear Regression 2018-2019

Output

4.6 Linear Regression 2019-2020

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Output

4.7. Data Analysis

The height and weight of the students were recorded in centimeters and kilograms which
were used to calculate the Body Mass Index of each student. BMI is given by

BMI =

BMI is attempting to estimate the amount of body fat mass of a person. It is an indicator of
health risk factor.

Table 3: Classification of People According To BMI Ranges

Classification BMI ranges

of weight
Under weight <18.5
Normal weight 18.5 – 25
Over weight 25 – 35
Obese Above 35

5. Discussion and Result

Table 1 represents that the height and weight for the students in the academic year
2017-2018, 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. Similarly figure 1, 2 and 3 shows that the correlation
scatter graph for the three academic years. The regression scatter diagram representing the
relationship between the students height and weights for the same academic years by the
figure 4, 5 and 6.
From the table 2 and 3 averages BMI between the height and weight values are 30.8, 32.2,
34.1, 33, 28.7 and 28.4. All the values of BMI are below 35, it means that the height and
weight for both male and female remains healthy. In future if the studies made it should be
made with different age group to find out whether the BMI is healthy among their age groups
to know the health status. The linear regression from the Python software were studied it is
also representing that the same for the three academic years especially 2017-2018, 2018-2019
and 2019-2020.
A high BMI can be a sign of too much fat on the body, while a low BMI can be a sign
of too little fat on the body. The higher a person’s BMI, the greater their chances of

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developing certain serious conditions, such as heart disease, high blood pressure, breathing
problems and diabetes. A very low BMI can also cause health problems, including bone less,
decreased immune function, and anemia.
The maintaining of the healthy weight is so important for the overall health of the
body and also helps to prevent and control many of the diseases. Many people from
overweight never develop the diabetes. Statistically, obesity has been proven and to
increase the risk of diabetes and also sleeping disordered breathing.

6. Conclusion
In this study we have discussed about correlation coefficient and linear regression
between height and weight of the students during the academic years 2017 – 2018, 2018 –
2019 and 2019 – 2020. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient between height and weight of
male and female students were calculated. From this study, it is observed that that the average
height and weight of students were normal. It is also observed that average BMI of female
students is little bit higher than male students. The averages of BMI of both male and female
students are in the normal weight limit. So it can be said that the students have a healthy
lifestyle.

References

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