UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES FOUNDATION

SALINAS DRIVE, LAHUG, CEBU CITY

COLLEGE OF NURSING

DENGUE FEVER
Vicente Sotto Memorial Medical Center
(Child Survival Center)
April 23, 2018

By: Jeval Ray Dagani

Glowen Genares
Judy Ann Sanchez
Kimberly Tihok
 Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the

dengue virus. Dengue is spread by several species of mosquito of the

Aedes type, principally A. aegypti.

 The virus has five different types, infection with one type usually gives

lifelong immunity to that type, but only short-term immunity to the

others.

 Subsequent infection with a different type increases the risk of severe

complications.

 A number of tests are available to confirm the diagnoses including

detecting antibodies to the virus or it’s RNA.

 A vaccine for dengue has been approved and is commercially available

in a number of countries.

 Dengue has become a global problem since the Second World War and

is common in more than 110 countries. Each year between 50 and 528

million people are infected and approximately 10,000 to 20,000 die. In

the Philippines, there were a total of 43,770 dengue cases as of 2017.

In Cebu City, there were 2,184 dengue cases as of 2017, including 35

deaths.

 The aim of this case study is focused on understanding of the patient’s

diagnosis, specific to the case of the patient, its etiology,

pathophysiology, as well as the medical surgical nursing interventions

together with their rationale, in order to enhance skills and improve

 the quality and efficiency of health care adhering to the 11 core

competencies.

 Medical Management:

 The management of DHF is actually simple as long as it is detected

early.

 Oral rehydration therapy. Oral rehydration therapy is recommended

for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and

vomiting.

 IV fluids. IVF administration is indicated for patients with dehydration.

 Blood transfusion and blood products. Patients with internal or

gastrointestinal bleeding may require transfusion, and patients with

coagulopathy may require fresh frozen plasma.

 Oral fluids. Increase in oral fluids is also helpful.

 Avoid aspirins. Aspirin can thin the blood. Warn patients to avoid

aspirins and other NSAID’s as they increase the risk for haemorrhage.
 NURSING MANAGEMENT:

 Assess for signs and symptoms G.I bleeding. Check for secretions.

Observe color and consistency of stools or vomitus.

 Observe for presence of petechiae, ecchymosis, bleeding from one or

more sites.

 Monitor pulse, blood pressure.

 Note changes in mentation and level of consciousness.

 Independent:

 Avoid rectal temperature, be gentle with GI tube insertions.

 Encourage use of soft toothbrush, avoiding straining for stool, and

forceful nose blowing.

 Use small needles for injections. Apply pressure to venepuncture sites

for longer than usual.

 Recommended avoidance of aspirin containing products.

 Managing nose bleeds. Elevate position of the patient and apply ice

bag to the bridge of the nose and to the forehead.

 Trendelenburg position. Place the patient in  Trendelenburg  position to

restore blood volume to the head.

 Collaborative:

 Monitor Hb and Hct and clotting factors.