Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)

Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements

7.1 Multiple-Choice and Bimodal Questions E) 1s

1) __________ is credited with developing the 6) Điền vào chỗ trống: Năng lượng ion hóa thứ
concept of atomic numbers. nhất __________ khi đi từ trái qua phải cùng
chu kì, và __________ Khi đi từ trên xuống dưới
A) Dmitri Mendeleev trong cùng một nhóm.
B) Lothar Meyer
C) Henry Moseley A) tăng dần, tăng dần
D) Ernest Rutherford B) tăng dần, giảm dần
E) Michael Faraday C) giảm dần, tăng dần
D) giảm dần, giảm dần
2) Elements in the modern version of the
periodic table are arranged in order of increasing 7) The __________ have the most negative
__________. electron affinities.

A) oxidation number A) alkaline earth metals

B) atomic mass B) alkali metals
C) average atomic mass C) halogens
D) atomic number D) transition metals
E) number of isotopes E) chalcogens

3) An electron in a(n) __________ subshell 8) Nói chung, khi đi từ trái qua phải trong cùng
experiences the greatest effective nuclear charge một chu kì,
in a many-electron atom. (1) bán kính nguyên tử __________;
(2) ái lực electron trở nên __________ âm; và
A) 3f (3) năng lượng ion hóa thứ nhất __________.
B) 3p
C) 3d A) decreases, decreasingly, increases
D) 3s B) increases, increasingly, decreases
E) 4s C) increases, increasingly, increases
D) decreases, increasingly, increases
4) A tin atom has 50 electrons. Electrons in the E) decreases, increasingly, decreases
__________ subshell experience the lowest
effective nuclear charge. 9) Element M reacts with chlorine to form a
compound with the formula MCl 2 . Element M
A) 1s is more reactive than magnesium and has a
B) 3p smaller radius than barium. This element is
C) 3d __________.
D) 5s
E) 5p A) Sr
B) K
5) In which orbital does an electron in a C) Na
phosphorus atom experience the greatest D) Ra
shielding? E) Be
A) 2p 10) The oxide of which element below can react
B) 3s with hydrochloric acid?
C) 3p
D) 3s
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
A) sulfur 28) Which nonmetal exists as a diatomic solid?
B) selenium
C) nitrogen A) bromine
D) sodium B) antimony
E) carbon C) phosphorus
D) iodine
11) Metals can be __________ at room E) boron
temperature.
29) The most common and stable allotrope of
A) liquid only sulfur is __________.
B) solid only
C) solid or liquid A) S
D) solid, liquid, or gas B) S2
E) liquid or gas C) S4
12) Most of the elements on the periodic table D) S8
are __________. E) Sulfur does not form allotropes.

A) gases 30) Which group 6A element is a metal?

B) nonmetals
C) metalloids A) tellurium and polonium
D) liquids B) sulfur
E) metals C) selenium
D) tellurium
13) Na reacts with element X to form an ionic E) polonium
compound with the formula Na 3 X . Ca will
react with X to form __________. 31) The most common sulfur ion has a charge of
__________.
A) CaX 2
A) 2-
B) CaX B) 1-
C) Ca 2 X 3 C) 4+
D) Ca 3 X 2 D) 6+
E) Ca 3 X E) Sulfur does not form ions.

32) The element phosphorus exists in two forms

14) What is the coefficient of M when the in nature called white phosphorus and red
following equation is completed and balanced if phosphorus. These two forms are examples of
M is an alkali metal? __________.
M(s) + H 2 O(l) → A) isotopes
B) allotropes
A) 1 C) oxidation
B) 2 D) metalloids
C) 3 E) noble gases
D) 4
E) 0 33) Which periodic table group contains only
nonmetals?
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
A) 8A temperature and atmospheric pressure?
B) 2A
C) 6A A) fluorine, bromine, and iodine
D) 7A B) fluorine, chlorine, and bromine
E) 5A C) fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine
D) fluorine, chlorine, and iodine
34) Of the hydrogen halides, only __________ E) fluorine and chlorine
is a weak acid.
39) 2F 2 (g) + 2H 2 O(l) → __________
A) HCl (aq)
B) HBr (aq) A) 2 HF(aq) + 2HFO(aq)
C) HF (aq)
D) HI (aq) B) 2F- (aq) + 2H + (aq) + H 2 O 2 (aq)
E) They are all weak acids. C) 4HF(aq) + O 2 (g)

35) All the elements in group 8A are gases at D) 2HF (aq) + 2OH- (aq)
2
room temperature. Of all the groups in the E) 4 HF(aq) + 2O 2- (aq)
periodic table, only group __________ contains
examples of elements that are gas, liquid, and
40) Cl2 (g) + H 2 O(l) → __________
solid at room temperature.

A) 2A A) HCl (aq) + HOCl (aq)

B) 1A B) 2Cl- (aq) + H O(l)
2
C) 7A
C) 2HCl(aq) + O 2 (g)
D) 5A
E) 6A D) 2HCl(aq) + O 2- (g)
E) Cl2 (aq) + H 2 O(l)
36) The only noble gas that does not have the
ns 2 np 6 valence electron configuration is
7.2 Multiple-Choice Questions
__________.
1) In which set of elements would all members
A) radon be expected to have very similar chemical
B) neon properties?
C) helium
D) krypton A) O, S, Se
E) All noble gases have the ns 2 np 6 valence B) N, O, F
electron configuration. C) Na, Mg, K
D) S, Se, Si
37) The first noble gas to be incorporated into a E) Ne, Na, Mg
compound was __________.
2) Which element would be expected to have
A) Ar chemical and physical properties closest to those
B) Kr of fluorine?
C) He
D) Ne A) S
E) Xe B) Fe
C) Ne
38) Of the halogens, which are gases at room D) O
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
E) Cl A) effective nuclear charge increases down a
group
3) Electrons in the 1s subshell are much closer to B) effective nuclear charge decreases down a
the nucleus in Ar than in He due to the larger group
__________ in Ar. C) effective nuclear charge zigzags down a
group
A) nuclear charge D) the principal quantum number of the valence
B) paramagnetism orbitals increases
C) diamagnetism E) both effective nuclear charge increases down
D) Hund's rule a group and the principal quantum number of the
E) azimuthal quantum number valence orbitals increases

4) In which orbital does an electron in a 8) Screening of the nuclear charge by core

phosphorus atom experience the greatest electrons in atoms is __________.
effective nuclear charge?
A) less efficient than that by valence electrons
A) 1s B) more efficient than that by valence electrons
B) 2s C) essentially identical to that by valence
C) 2p electrons
D) 3s D) responsible for a general decrease in atomic
E) 3p radius going down a group
E) both essentially identical to that by valence
5) Atomic radius generally increases as we move electrons and responsible for a general decrease
__________. in atomic radius going down a group

A) down a group and from right to left across a 9) Which one of the following atoms has the
period largest radius?
B) up a group and from left to right across a
period A) O
C) down a group and from left to right across a B) F
period C) S
D) up a group and from right to left across a D) Cl
period E) Ne
E) down a group; the period position has no
effect 10) The effective nuclear charge of an atom is
primarily affected by __________.
6) Trật tự đúng (xếp theo bán kính) của Mg, Na,
P, Si và Ar là A) inner electrons
B) outer electrons
A) Mg > Na > P > Si > Ar C) nuclear charge
B) Ar > Si > P > Na > Mg D) electrondistribution
C) Si > P > Ar > Na > Mg E) orbital radial probability
D) Na > Mg > Si > P > Ar
E) Ar > P > Si > Mg > Na 11) Which one of the following atoms has the
largest radius?
7) The atomic radius of main-group elements
generally increases down a group because A) Sr
__________. B) Ca
C) K
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
D) Rb 17) In which of the following atoms is the 3s
E) Y orbital closest to the nucleus?

12) Which one of the following has the smallest A) Br

radius? B) Cl
C) At
A) Na D) I
B) Cl E) The 3s orbitals are the same distance from the
C) Fe nucleus in all of these atoms.
D) P
E) Br 18) Thứ tự nào sau đây đúng (xếp theo chiều
tăng dần bán kính)?
13) Which one of the following atoms has the
largest radius? A) O < F < S < Mg < Ba
B) F < O < S < Mg < Ba
A) I C) F < O < S < Ba < Mg
B) Co D) O < F < S < Ba < Mg
C) Ba E) F < S < O < Mg < Ba
D) Sr
E) Ca 20) __________ is isoelectronic with argon and
__________ is isoelectronic with neon.
14) Which one of the following elements has the
largest atomic radius?
A) Cl- , F-
A) Se B) Cl− , Cl+
B) As C) F+ , F −
C) S D) Ne − , Kr +
D) Sb
E) Te E) Ne − , Ar +

15) Which one of the following elements has the 21) Which of the following is an isoelectronic
largest atomic radius? series?

A) O A) B5- ,Sr 4- ,As3- ,Te 2-

B) F B) F− , Cl− ,Br − ,I −
C) Al C) S, Cl, Ar, K
D) P
E) B D) Si 2- ,P 2- ,S2- ,Cl2-
E) O 2- ,F− Ne,Na +
,
16) In which of the following atoms is the 2s
orbital closest to the nucleus? 22) Which isoelectronic series is correctly
arranged in order of increasing radius?
A) S
B) Cl A) K + < Ca 2+ < Ar < Cl−
C) P
B) Cl− < Ar < K + < Ca 2+
D) Si
E) The 2s orbitals are the same distance from the C) Ca 2+ < Ar < K + < Cl−
nucleus in all of these atoms. D) Ca 2+ < K + < Ar < Cl−
E) Ca 2+ < K + < Cl− < Ar
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
28) Of the following elements, which has the
23) The __________ ion is essential for the largest first ionization energy?
enzymatic action of carbonic anhydrase and the
__________ ion is toxic to this enzyme. A) K
B) Rb
A) sodium, cadmium C) Sr
B) potassium, arsenic D) Ca
C) zinc, cadmium E) Ba
D) calcium, cadmium
E) calcium, arsenic 29) Of the following elements, which has the
largest first ionization energy?
24) Which of the following correctly lists the
five atoms in order of increasing size (smallest A) Se
to largest)? B) As
C) S
A) F < K < Ge < Br < Rb D) Sb
B) F < Ge < Br < K < Rb E) Ge
C) F < K < Br < Ge < Rb
D) F < Br < Ge < K < Rb 30) Of the following elements, which has the
E) F < Br < Ge < Rb < K largest first ionization energy?

25) Of the choices below, which gives the order A) B

for first ionization energies? B) N
C) P
A) Cl > S > Al > Ar > Si D) Si
B) Ar > Cl > S > Si > Al E) C
C) Al > Si > S > Cl > Ar
D) Cl > S > Al > Si > Ar 31) Of the elements below, __________ has the
E) S > Si > Cl > Al > Ar largest first ionization energy.

A) Li
26) Of the following atoms, which has the B) K
largest first ionization energy? C) Na
D) H
A) Br E) Rb
B) O
C) C 32) __________ have the lowest first ionization
D) P energies of the groups listed.
E) I
A) Alkali metals
27) Of the following elements, which has the B) Transition elements
largest first ionization energy? C) Halogens
D) Alkaline earth metals
A) Na E) Noble gases
B) Al
C) Se 33) Which of the following has the
D) Cl largest second ionization energy?
E) Br
A) Si
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
B) Mg the second ionization of phosphorus?
C) Al
D) Na A) P + (g) + e − → P 2+ (g)
E) P
B) P(g) → P + (g) + e −
34) Which of the following has the C) P- (g) + e − → P 2− (g)
largest second ionization energy? D) P + (g) → P 2+ (g) + e −
A) Ca E) P + (g) + e − → P(g)
B) K
C) Ga 39) Which equation correctly represents the first
D) Ge ionization of calcium?
E) Se
A) Ca(g) → Ca + (g) + e −
35) Which equation correctly represents the first
ionization of aluminum? B) Ca(g) → Ca - (g) + e −
C) Ca(g) + e − → Ca - (g)
A) Al− (g) → Al(g) + e −
D) Ca - (g) → Ca(g) + e −
B) Al(g) → Al- (g) + e − E) Ca + (g) + e − → Ca(g)
C) Al(g) + e − → Al- (g)
40) Which of the following correctly represents
D) Al(g) → Al+ (g) + e- the second ionization of calcium?
E) Al+ (g) + e − → Al(g)
A) Ca(g) → Ca + (g) + e −
36) Which of the following correctly represents B) Ca + (g) → Ca 2+ (g) + e −
the second ionization of aluminum?
C) Ca - (g) + e − → Ca 2- (g)
A) Al+ (g) + e − → Al(g) D) Ca + (g) + e − → Ca 2+ (g)
B) Al(g) → Al+ (g) + e − E) Ca + (g) + e − → Ca(g)
C) Al-(g) + e − → Al2− (g)
41) Which ion below has the largest radius?
D) Al+ (g) + e − → Al2+ (g)
E) Al+ (g) → Al2+ (g) + e − A) Cl−
B) K +
37) Which equation correctly represents the first C) Br −
ionization of phosphorus? D) F−
E) Na +
A) P(g) + e − → P- (g)
42) The ion with the smallest diameter is
B) P(g) → P- (g) + e −
__________.
C) P(g) → P + (g) + e −
D) P- (g) → P(g) + e − A) Br −
E) P + (g) + e − → P(g) B) Cl−
C) I −
38) Which of the following correctly represents D) F−
E) O 2−
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
__________.
43) Of the following species, __________ has
the largest radius. A) chlorine is bigger than sodium
B) chlorine has a greater ionization energy than
A) Rb + sodium does
B) Sr 2+ C) chlorine has a greater electron affinity than
sodium does
C) Br −
D) chlorine is a gas and sodium is a solid
D) Kr
E) chlorine is more metallic than sodium
E) Ar
49) Sodium is much more apt to exist as a cation
44) Of the following elements, __________ has
than is chlorine. This is because __________.
the most negative electron affinity.
A) chlorine is a gas and sodium is a solid
A) Na
B) chlorine has a greater electron affinity than
B) Li
sodium does
C) Be
C) chlorine is bigger than sodium
D) N
D) chlorine has a greater ionization energy than
E) F
sodium does
E) chlorine is more metallic than sodium
45) Of the following elements, __________ has
the most negative electron affinity.
50) Which equation correctly represents the
electron affinity of calcium?
A) S
B) Cl
C) Se A) Ca(g) + e − → Ca - (g)
D) Br B) Ca(g) → Ca + (g) + e −
E) I
C) Ca(g) → Ca − (g) + e −
46) Of the following elements, __________ has D) Ca − (g) → Ca(g) + e −
the most negative electron affinity. E) Ca + (g) + e − → Ca(g)

A) P 51) Which of the following correctly represents

B) Al the electron affinity of bromine?
C) Si
D) Cl
A) Br(g) → Br + (g) + e −
E) B
B) Br(g) + e − → Br − (g)
47) Of the following elements, __________ has C) Br 2 (g) + e − → Br − (g)
the most negative electron affinity.
D) Br 2 (g) + 2e − → 2Br − (g)
A) O E) Br + (g) + e − → Br(g)
B) K
C) B Consider the following electron configurations
D) Na to answer the questions that follow:
E) S
(i) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s1
48) Chlorine is much more apt to exist as an
(ii) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2
anion than is sodium. This is because
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
(iii) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p1 A) sodium
B) barium
(iv) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 4
C) magnesium
(v) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p5 D) calcium
E) cesium
52) The electron configuration belonging to the
atom with the highest second ionization energy 57) In the generation of most anions, the energy
is __________. change (kJ/mol) that _______ an electron is
________.
A) (i)
B) (ii) A) removes, positive
C) (iii) B) adds, positive
D) (iv) C) removes, negative
E) (v) D) adds, negative
E) None of the above is correct.
53) The electron configuration that belongs to
the atom with the lowest second ionization 58) Which one of the following is a metalloid?
energy is __________.
A) Ge
A) (i) B) S
B) (ii) C) Br
C) (iii) D) Pb
D) (iv) E) C
E) (v)
59) Of the elements below, __________ is the
54) The electron configuration of the atom with most metallic.
the most negative electron affinity is
__________. A) Na
B) Mg
A) (i) C) Al
B) (ii) D) K
C) (iii) E) Ar
D) (iv)
E) (v) 60) The list that correctly indicates the order of
metallic character is __________.
55) The electron configuration of the atom that
is expected to have a positive electron affinity is A) B > N > C
__________. B) F > Cl > S
C) Si > P > S
A) (i) D) P > S > Se
B) (ii) E) Na > K > Rb
C) (iii)
D) (iv) 61) Of the elements below, __________ has the
E) (v) highest melting point.

A) Ca
56) Of the elements below, __________ is the B) K
most metallic. C) Fe
D) Na
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
E) Ba E) all of the above

62) Of the following metals, __________ 67) Which one of the following compounds
exhibits multiple oxidation states. would produce an acidic solution when
dissolved in water?
A) Al
B) Cs A) Na 2 O
C) V B) CaO
D) Ca C) MgO
E) Na D) CO 2
63) Of the following oxides, __________ is the E) SrO
most acidic.
68) Nonmetals can be __________ at room
A) CaO temperature.
B) CO 2
A) solid, liquid, or gas
C) Al2 O 3 B) solid or liquid
D) Li 2 O C) solid only
E) Na 2 O D) liquid only
E) liquid or gas
64) The acidity of carbonated water is due to the 69) Which of the following is not a characteristic
__________. of metals?
A) presence of sulfur A) acidic oxides
B) reaction of CO 2 and H 2 O B) low ionization energies
C) addition of acid C) malleability
D) nonmetal oxides D) ductility
E) none of the above E) These are all characteristics of metals.

65) The element in the periodic table that looks 70) When two elements combine to form a
like a metal, is a poor thermal conductor, and compound, the greater the difference in metallic
acts as an electrical semiconductor is character between the two elements, the greater
_________. the likelihood that the compound will be
__________.
A) Sn
B) B A) a gas at room temperature
C) As B) a solid at room temperature
D) Si C) metallic
E) Ge D) nonmetallic
E) a liquid at room temperature
66) Transition metals within a period differ
mainly in the number of ________ electrons. 71) Between which two elements is the
difference in metallic character the greatest?
A) s
B) p A) Rb and O
C) d B) O and I
D) f C) Rb and I
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
D) Li and O
E) Li and Rb A) (i) and (ii)
B) (i), (ii), and (iii)
72) Which of the following traits characterizes C) (ii) and (iii)
the alkali metals? D) (i), (iii,) and (iv)
E) All statements are true.
A) very high melting point
B) existence as diatomic molecules 76) Consider the following properties of an
C) formation of dianions element:
D) the lowest first ionization energies in a period (i) It is solid at room temperature.
E) the smallest atomic radius in a period (ii) It easily forms an oxide when exposed
to air.
73) This element is more reactive than lithium (iii) When it reacts with water, hydrogen gas
and magnesium but less reactive than potassium. evolves.
This element is __________. (iv) It must be stored submerged in oil.
Which element fits the above description the
A) Na best?
B) Rb
C) Ca A) sulfur
D) Be B) copper
E) Fr C) mercury
D) sodium
74) Which one of the following is not true about E) magnesium
the alkali metals?
77) Alkaline earth metals __________.
A) They are low density solids at room
temperature. A) have the smallest atomic radius in a given
B) They all readily form ions with a +1 charge. period
C) They all have 2 electrons in their valence B) form monoanions
shells. C) form basic oxides
D) They are very reactive elements. D) exist as triatomic molecules
E) They have the lowest first ionization energies E) form halides with the formula MX
of the elements.
78) Which of the following generalizations
75) Consider the general valence electron cannot be made with regard to reactions of alkali
configuration of ns 2 np5 and the following metals? (The symbol M represents any one of
statements: the alkali metals.)

(i) Elements with this electron A) M(s) + O 2 (g) → MO 2 (s)

configuration are expected to form -1 anions.
(ii) Elements with this electron
configuration are expected to have large
positive electron affinities.
(iii) Elements with this electron
configuration are nonmetals.
(iv) Elements with this electron
configuration form acidic oxides.
Which statements are true?
B) 2M(s) + 2H 2 O(l) → 2MOH(aq) + H 2 (g)
C) 2M(s) + H 2 (g) → 2MH(s)
D) 2M(s) + Cl 2 (g) → 2MCl(s)
E) 2M(s) + S(s) → M 2 S(s)
79) The reaction of alkali metals with oxygen
produce __________.
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
A) oxides A) SO 2
B) peroxides B) Na 2 O
C) superoxides
D) all of the above C) CO 2
E) none of the above D) OF 2
E) O 2
80) Alkali metals tend to be more reactive than
alkaline earth metals because __________.
86) Element M reacts with oxygen to form an
oxide with the formula MO. When MO is
A) alkali metals have lower densities
dissolved in water, the resulting solution is basic.
B) alkali metals have lower melting points
Element M could be __________.
C) alkali metals have greater electron affinities
D) alkali metals have lower ionization energies
A) Na
E) alkali metals are not more reactive than
B) Ba
alkaline earth metals
C) S
D) N
81) The alkali metal that is naturally radioactive
E) C
is __________.
87) Which element is solid at room temperature?
A) rubidium
B) cesium
C) lithium A) Cl2
D) francium B) F2
E) sodium C) Br2
D) I 2
83) The alkali metal that is used to treat
manic-depressive illness is __________. E) H 2

A) Na 88) __________ is a unique element and does

B) K not truly belong to any family.
C) Li
D) Rb A) Nitrogen
E) Cs B) Radium
C) Hydrogen
84) All of the following are ionic compounds D) Uranium
except __________. E) Helium

A) K 2 O 89) Of the following statements, __________

B) Na 2 SO 4 is not true for oxygen.
C) SiO 2
A) The most stable allotrope of oxygen is O 2 .
D) Li 3 N
B) The chemical formula of ozone is O3 .
E) NaCl
C) Dry air is about 79% oxygen.
D) Oxygen forms peroxide and superoxide
85) Which one of the following compounds
anions.
produces a basic solution when dissolved in
E) Oxygen is a colorless gas at room
water?
temperature.
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
90) Which one of the following elements has an
allotrope that is produced in the upper A) the availability of xenon atoms
atmosphere by lightning? B) xenon's noble gas electron configuration
C) the stability of xenon atoms
A) N D) xenon's relatively low ionization energy
B) O E) xenon's relatively low electron affinity
C) S
D) Cl 95) Of the following elements, which have been
E) He shown to form compounds?
helium neon argon krypton
91) In nature, sulfur is most commonly found in xenon
__________.
A) xenon and argon
A) pure elemental sulfur B) xenon only
B) sulfur oxides C) xenon, krypton, and argon
C) metal sulfides D) xenon and krypton
D) sulfuric acid E) None of the above can form compounds.
E) H 2 S
96) In nature, the noble gases exist as
92) All of the halogens __________.
A) monatomic gaseous atoms
A) exist under ambient conditions as diatomic B) the gaseous fluorides
gases C) solids in rocks and in minerals
B) tend to form positive ions of several different D) alkali metal salts
charges E) the sulfides
C) tend to form negative ions of several different
charges 97) Hydrogen is unique among the elements
D) exhibit metallic character because __________.
E) form salts with alkali metals with the formula
MX 1. It is not really a member of any particular
group.
93) This element reacts with hydrogen to 2. Its electron is not at all shielded from its
produce a gas with the formula HX. When nucleus.
dissolved in water, HX forms an acidic solution. 3. It is the lightest element.
X is __________, 4. It is the only element to exist at room
temperature as a diatomic gas.
A) Na 5. It exhibits some chemical properties similar
B) H to those of groups 1A and 7A.
C) C
D) Br A) 1, 2, 3, 5
E) O B) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
C) 1, 4, 5
94) The noble gases were, until relatively D) 3, 4
recently, thought to be entirely unreactive. E) 2, 3, 4, 5
Experiments in the early 1960s showed that Xe
could, in fact, form compounds with fluorine. 98) Hydrogen is unique among the elements
The formation of compounds consisting of Xe is because __________.
made possible by __________. 1. It has only one valence electron.
2. It is the only element that can emit an atomic
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
spectrum. 2) As successive electrons are removed from an
3. Its electron is not at all shielded from its element , the ionization energy __________.
nucleus.
4. It is the lightest element. 3) Which noble gas has the highest first
5. It is the only element to exist at room ionization energy?
temperature as a diatomic gas.
4) When electrons are removed from a lithium
A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 atom they are removed first from which orbital?
B) 1, 3, 4
C) 1, 2, 3, 4 5) Write the balanced reaction between zinc
D) 2, 3, 4 oxide and sulfuric acid.
E) 3, 4
6) An added electron to the element bromine
99) Ozone is a (an) __________ of oxygen. goes into which orbital?

A) isotope 7) What are the elements called that are located

B) allotrope between the metals and non-metals?
C) precursor
D) peroxide 8) In their compounds, the charges on the alkali
E) free radical metals and the alkaline earth metals are
__________ and __________, respectively.

100) Astatine has a __________ density and a 9) Complete the following : P 4 O 10 +6H 2 O
__________ atomic radius compared to iodine.
10) Which metal is a liquid at room
A) greater; greater temperature?
B) smaller; greater
C) smaller; smaller
11) [Xe]6s 2 is the electron configuration for
D) greater; smaller
E) equal; equal __________.

101) Xenon has been shown to form compounds 12) [Kr]5s 2 is the electron configuration for
only when it is combined with __________. __________.

A) something with a tremendous ability to
remove electrons from other substances
B) another noble gas
C) something with a tremendous ability to
donate electrons to other substances
D) an alkali metal
E) an alkaline earth metal
7.3 Short Answer Questions
1) The degree of interaction between two
electrical charges depends on the __________
and the __________ of the charges and the
distance between them.
13) Which alkali metals can react with oxygen to
form either the peroxide or the superoxide?
14) Write the balanced equation for the reaction
of potassium with water.
15) Write the balanced equation for the reaction
of elemental fluorine with liquid water.
16) Write the balanced equation for the reaction
of elemental chlorine with liquid water.
17) Of the alkaline earth metals, which two
elements are the least reactive?
Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay\Bursten\Murphy)
Chapter 7: Periodic Properties of the Elements
18) List seven nonmetals that exist as diatomic
molecules in their elemental forms.

19) All of the group VIA elements are solids

except __________.

20) Which noble gas has the lowest first

ionization energy?

7.4 True/False Questions.

1) The effective nuclear charge acting on an

electron is larger than the actual nuclear charge.

2) The effective nuclear charge in an atom is

proportional to the number of nuclear protons.

3) The atomic radius of iodine is one-half the

distance separating the iodine nuclei.

4) A group of ions all containing the same

number of electrons constitute an isoelectronic
series.

5) Cadmium preferentially binds to carbonic

anhydrase, displacing zinc.

6) Elements that readily conduct electricity are

elements with low ionization energies.

7) Electron affinity measures how easily an atom

gains an electron.

8) Heavy noble gases can form compounds with

fluorine.