Nursing Process

DIAGNOSIS
Prepared by Mae Angeline M. Lontoc
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TYPES OF NURSING DIAGNOSES

❑ Actual nursing diagnosis
❑ Health promotion diagnosis
❑ Risk diagnosis
❑ Syndrome diagnosis

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TYPES OF NURSING DIAGNOSES

ACTUAL NURSING DIAGNOSIS

❑ present or existing problem that may or may
not necessitate immediate concern

❑ a client problem that is present at the time of

the nursing assessment

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Actual Nursing Diagnosis =

Patient problem + Causes if known

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PES APPROACH

P E S
Problem + Etiology + Signs & Symptoms

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TYPES OF NURSING DIAGNOSES

HEALTH PROMOTION DIAGNOSIS

❑ relates to clients’ preparedness to

implement behaviors to improve their
health condition

Readiness for ………

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TYPES OF NURSING DIAGNOSES

RISK DIAGNOSIS
❑ a clinical judgment that a problem does not
exist, but the presence of risk factors indicates
that a problem is likely to develop unless
nurses intervene.

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TYPES OF NURSING DIAGNOSES

RISK DIAGNOSIS
PRS APPROACH

P R S
Problem + RISK FACTORS + Signs & Symptoms

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TYPES OF NURSING DIAGNOSES

SYNDROME DIAGNOSIS
is assigned by a nurse’s clinical judgment to
describe a cluster of nursing diagnoses that
have similar interventions

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Components of a NANDA Nursing Diagnosis

North American Nursing Diagnosis Association

A nursing diagnosis has three components:

(1) the problem and its definition,
(2) the etiology,
(3) the defining characteristics

Each component serves a specific purpose.

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PROBLEM (DIAGNOSTIC LABEL) AND DEFINITION

The standardized NANDA names for the

diagnoses are called diagnostic labels
the client’s problem statement, consisting
of the diagnostic label plus etiology
(causal relationship) between a
problem and its related or risk factors is called
a nursing diagnosis.
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Qualifiers are words that have been added to some NANDA labels to give
additional meaning to the diagnostic statement,

DEFICIENT Image or icon

IMPAIRED
Image or icon Image or icon

DECREASED
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FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND RULES OF DIAGNOSTIC REASONING

❑ People have the right to be assessed by a qualified health care

professional.
❑ Although you may feel that you have the knowledge to do an
assessment and diagnose the problems, you must determine (for your
patient and your own legal protection) whether you have the authority to do
so.

❑ Prevents you from seeing problems fromImage

a narrow
or icon perspective, a
common critical thinking error

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FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND RULES OF DIAGNOSTIC REASONING

❑ You make a definitive diagnosis, when your patient’s data closely

match the “textbook picture” of the diagnosis you suspect.

❑ Diagnosis is based on recognizing when patient cues match the

signs and symptoms or defining characteristics of a specific
diagnosis.

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FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND RULES OF DIAGNOSTIC REASONING

“ More than one cue, more likely it’s TRUE.

More than one source, more likely of course.”

❑ Cues are like “key puzzle pieces”, if you don’t have them,
you can’t complete the puzzle and label the problem.

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FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND RULES OF DIAGNOSTIC REASONING

Include problems from patient’s perspectives.

❑ Patients know themselves best, and must be included in the
diagnostic process.
❑ Things that the patient sees as problems should be given a
high priority.
Patients often present complaining of two or more
related problems.
❑ Often one problem creates another.

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THANK YOU!
PREPARED BY MAE ANGELINE M. LONTOC

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