Chapter 2—Alignments Section 2C-1—Spiral Curves

Formulas
18000
Dc = π Rc given in feet, Dc in decimal degrees
Rc

θs
Dc = 200 × θs and Dc in decimal degrees, Ls in feet
Ls
θs
Ls = 200 × θs and Dc in decimal degrees, Ls in feet
Dc

Ls × Dc
θs = θs and Dc in decimal degrees, Ls in feet
200
180 × L
∆= L and Rc in feet
π × Rc

Ls
θs = θs in radians, Ls and Rc in feet
2 × Rc
180
θs (decimal degrees) = × θs (radians)
π
 Ls 
Xc =   × (100 – 0.0030462(θs) ) θs in decimal degrees, Ls in feet
2

 100 

 Ls 
Yc =   × (0.58178θs – 0.000012659(θs) ) θs in decimal degrees, Ls in feet
3

 100 
p = Yc – Rc × (1.0 - cosθs) Yc, Rc, and p in feet and θs in decimal degrees

20000 × θ s
A= A and Ls in feet, θs in decimal degrees
Ls 2
5
1  Ls 
 
2
k = Ls – 0.000127A × A and Ls in feet
2  100 
∆
Ts = (Rc + p) × tan +k Ts, Rc, p, and k in feet, ∆ in decimal degrees
2
∆
Es = (Rc + p) × exsec +p Es, Rc, p, and k in feet, ∆ in decimal degrees,
2
1
and exsecα is defined as (tanα) (tan α)
2
LT = Xc – (Yc × cotθs) LT, Xc, and Yc in feet, θs in decimal degrees
Yc
ST = ST and Yc in feet, θs in decimal degrees
sin θs
5
 Ls 
LC = Ls – 0.00034A ×  
2
LC, A and Ls in feet
 100 
∆c = ∆- 2 × θs ∆c, ∆ and θs measured in decimal degrees

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