CLJ 5

1. CRIMINAL LAW - it defines crimes, treats of their nature, and provides for their
punishment
2. JURISDICTION - authority given by the law to a court or tribunal to hear and
determine certain controversies.
3. VENUE - It means the place of trial.
4. COMPLAINT - is a sworn written statement charging a person with an offense,
subscribed by the offended party.
5. INFORMATION - is an accusation in writing charging a person with an offense,
subscribed by the prosecutor and filed with the court.
6. OFFENDED PARTY - is the person against whom or against whose property the
crime was committed.
7. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION - is an inquiry or proceeding to determine
whether there is sufficient ground to engender a well-founded belief that a crime
has been committed
8. INQUEST PROCEEDING - is the procedure to determine whether an individual
arrested without a warrant will be released on account of a dismissal of charges,
released for further preliminary investigation proceedings, or charged in court.
9. PROBABLE CAUSE - is the existence of such facts and circumstances as would
excite the belief in a reasonable mind, acting on the facts within the knowledge of
the prosecutor.
10. WARRANT OF ARREST - is a legal process issued by competent authority,
directing the arrest of a person or persons upon grounds stated therein.
11. SEARCH WARRANT - is an order in writing issued in the name of the People of
the Philippines, signed by a judge and directed to a peace officer, commanding
him to search for personal property described therein and bring it before the
court.
12. ARREST - is the taking of a person into custody in order that he may be bound to
answer for the commission of an offense.
13. BAIL - is the security given for the release of a person in custody of the law
14. DUE PROCESS - NO PERSON SHALL BE DEPRIVED OF LIFE, LIBERTY OR
PROPERTY WITHOUT DUE PROCESS OF LAW, NOR SHALL ANY PERSON
BE DENIED EQUAL PROTECTION OF THE LAWS.
15. TRIAL - is a coming together of parties to a dispute, to present information (in the
form of evidence) in a tribunal, a formal setting with the authority to adjudicate
claims or disputes.
16. PRE TRIAL - A proceeding held before an official trial, especially to clarify points
of law and facts
17. ARRAIGNMENT - is the means for bringing the accused into court and informing
him of the nature and cause of the accusation against him.
18. JUDGMENT - is the adjudication by the court that the accused is guilty or not
guilty of the offense charged
19. CAPITAL OFFENSE - s an offense which, under the law existing at the time of
its commission and of the application for admission to bail, may be punished with
death.
20. APPEAL - is a request for a higher court to review a lower court's decision.