FORMATION OF A, B, H

ANTIGENS
MYRA O. CORNEJA, RMT
ABO and H genes

 99.99% of all individuals possess H antigen.

 On 37th day of fetal life, attachment of immunodominant sugars occurs on the
RBC membrane and it is dependent of ABH gene inherited.
 O inherit atleast 1 H genotype(HH, Hh).
 Bombay(hh)- Terms for lack of expression of ABH antigen.
Gene Glocusyltransferase Immunodominant sugar

H α-2-L- fucosyltransferase L- fucose

A α-3-D- galactosaminyltransferase N-acetyl-D-galactosamine

B α-3-D- galactosyltransferase D-galactose

AB α-3-D- galactosaminyltransferase & α-3-D- N-acetylgalatosaminyl transferase

galactosyltransferase & galactosyltransferase
ABO Antibodies
-are mostly naturraly occurring antibodies that are detectable 3 to 6 months following to exposure to ABO like
antigens in the environment
- are mostly IgM and react best at RT

Group Antigen Antibody

O H Anti-A
Anti – B
Anti-AB

A A,H Anti- B

B B,H Anti- A

AB A,B,H None
BLOOD FORWARD OR CELL TYPING REVERSE OR SERUM TYPING
TYPE - Antigen Identification -Identification of Antibodies
ANTI-A ANTI-B ANTI-AB A CELLS B- CELLS O CELLS

O - - - + + -

A + - + - + -

B - + + + - -

AB + + + - - -