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  • The Silent Era: de Anza College Susan Tavernetti, Instructor

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    This document provides an overview of the history of cinema from 1895 to 1950, focusing on the silent era. It describes the early films from 1895-1902 as recordings of reality shown in converted storefronts. From 1902-1907, narrative films emerged using new techniques like close-ups and editing, though production was low budget. The "Golden Era" from 1907-1931 saw the rise of feature-length films from studios in Europe and America using advanced techniques, with Griffith, Chaplin, Eisenstein, Lang, and Renoir among the most significant filmmakers.

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    Silent Era

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    This document provides an overview of the history of cinema from 1895 to 1950, focusing on the silent era. It describes the early films from 1895-1902 as recordings of reality shown in converted storefronts. From 1902-1907, narrative films emerged using new techniques like close-ups and editing, though production was low budget. The "Golden Era" from 1907-1931 saw the rise of feature-length films from studios in Europe and America using advanced techniques, with Griffith, Chaplin, Eisenstein, Lang, and Renoir among the most significant filmmakers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    3 views1 page

    The Silent Era: de Anza College Susan Tavernetti, Instructor

    Uploaded by

    Antonov Mikalis
    This document provides an overview of the history of cinema from 1895 to 1950, focusing on the silent era. It describes the early films from 1895-1902 as recordings of reality shown in converted storefronts. From 1902-1907, narrative films emerged using new techniques like close-ups and editing, though production was low budget. The "Golden Era" from 1907-1931 saw the rise of feature-length films from studios in Europe and America using advanced techniques, with Griffith, Chaplin, Eisenstein, Lang, and Renoir among the most significant filmmakers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    F/TV 2A: HISTORY OF CINEMA (1895-1950)

    De Anza College
    Susan Tavernetti, instructor

    THE SILENT ERA

    FILM BIRTH (1895-1902)


    Edison/Dickson (USA)
    Lumière Bros. (France)
    R.W. Paul (England)
    Messter (Germany)

    • Mere recording of reality; theatrical; no editing


    • Technology standards established
    • 50 feet in length (maximum: 60 seconds)
    • 1900: business crisis due to predictable subject matter
    • Exhibited in converted store fronts and vaudeville halls

    FILM NARRATIVE AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION (1902-1907)


    Porter (USA)
    Méliès, Cohl, Zecca and Film D’Art (France)
    Hepworth and Brighton School (England) 

    • Narrative/story films
    • Departs from theatrical conventions through use of film techniques such as the
    close-up, pan shot, tilt shot, traveling shot, superimposition, dissolve; discovery
    of the shot, editing and crosscutting
    • Little creative experimentation; emphasis on speed and quantity
    • 1,000 feet in length (8-12 minutes). Production costs: $500-$1,000/film
    • Producer-distributor-exhibitor system established
    • Exhibited in nickelodeons

    GOLDEN ERA OF SILENT FILM (1907-1931)


    Guazzoni, Pastrone (Italy)
    1909-1914: Super-spectacle
    Griffith, Ince, Sennett, Chaplin, Keaton, DeMille, von Stroheim (USA) 
    1920s: Golden era of American comedy
    Vertov, Kuleshov, Eisenstein, Pudovkin, Dovzhenko (Russia)
    1917: Montage
    Pabst, Murnau, Lang, Lubitsch (Germany)
    1917: Expressionism and street films
    Clair, Renoir, Gance, Feyder, Dalí, Dreyer (France) 
    1920s: Surrealism, experimental films, impressionism

    • Perfection of film technique and visual expression


    • Significant thematic content
    • MPPC, independent producer-distributor, star system and movie magazines,
    migration to Hollywood, Hays Office
    • Feature-length films. Production costs: $12,000-20,000
    • Worldwide distribution system established
    • Exhibited in plush movie theatres accommodating 2,000; cinema supported
    vaudeville
     denotes most significant filmmakers of the era

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