1.
Define statistics
Is the collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of numerical
data. Statistics is a form of mathematical analysis that uses quantified models,
representations and synopses for a given set of experimental data or real-life
studies. Statistics studies methodologies to gather, review, analyze and draw
conclusions from data. Statistics is used in various disciplines such as psychology,
business, physical and social sciences, humanities, government, and
manufacturing. Statistical data is gathered using a sample procedure or other
method. Two types of statistical methods are used in analyzing data: descriptive
statistics and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics are used to synopsize
data from a sample exercising the mean or standard deviation. Inferential
statistics are used when data is viewed as a subclass of a specific population.
2. How does the subject statistics helpful in your field of
study?
Statistics are applied in marketing to identify market trends, and to
measure and evaluate the potential and success of marketing programs.
The secret to successful marketing is to identify the target market
accurately and to use effective marketing communications channels and
tactics to reach it. Statistics can help the marketer achieve both of those
goals as well as evaluate the success of the marketing effort and provide
data on which to base changes to the marketing program.
3. Give some of the characteristics of statistics?
Statistics are aggregates of facts.
Statistics are numerically expressed.
Statistics are affected to a marked extent by multiplicity of causes.
Statistics are enumerated or estimated according to a reasonable standard
of accuracy.
Statistics are collected for a predetermined purpose.
Statistics are collected in a systemic manner.
Statistics must be comparable to each other.
4. Write the disadvantages of statistics ?
1. Qualitative Aspect Ignored:
2. It does not deal with individual items:
3. It does not depict entire story of phenomenon:
4. It is liable to be miscued:
5. Laws are not exact:
6. Results are true only on average:
7. Too Many methods to study problems:
8. Statistical results are not always beyond doubt.
5. Give some of the importance in studying statistics?
Basic Uses of Statistics in Our Daily Life
Government
The importance of statistics in government is utilized by making judgments about health,
populations, education, and much more. It may help the government to check out what
education schedule can be beneficial for students.
Weather Forecast
Have you ever seen weather forecasting? Do you know how the government does the weather
forecasting? Statistics play a crucial role in weather forecasting.
Emergency Preparedness
Statistics is also helpful in emergency preparedness. With the help of statistics, we can predict
any natural disaster that may happen shortly. It will help us to get prepared for an emergency.
It also helps the rescue team to do the preparation to rescue the life of the people who are in
danger.
Political Campaigns
Statistics are crucial in a political campaign. Without statistics, no one can run a political
campaign with perfection. It helps the politicians to have an idea about how many chances they
have to win an election in a particular area.
Sports
There is lots of uses of statistics in sports. Every sports require statistics to make the sport more
effective. Statistics help the sport person to get the idea about his/her performance in the
particular sports.
Research
The uses of statistics in research play an essential role in the work of researchers. For instance,
statistics can be applied in data acquisition, analysis, explanation, interpretation, and
presentation. The uses of statistics in research can lead researchers for summarization, proper
characterization, performance, and description of the outcome of the research.
Education
The beneficial uses of statistics in education are that teachers can be considered to be
supportive as researchers during their classrooms to recognize what education technique works
on which pupils and know the reason why. They also need to estimate test details to determine
whether students are working expectedly, statistically, or not. There are statistical studies
about student achievement at all levels of testing and education, from kindergarten to a GRE or
SAT. For example, teachers can calculate the average of students’ marks and employ new
techniques that can help the students improve their grades.
Prediction
The figures help us make predictions about something that is going to happen in the future.
Based on what we face in our daily lives, we make predictions.
Predicting Disease
Statistics is even playing a role in the medical field. Statistics help us to know how many
numbers of people are suffering from the disease. It also helps us to understand how many
have died from the same disease.
Quality Testing
Quality testing is another important use of statistics in every area of life. On a day-to-day basis,
we conduct quality tests to ensure that our purchase is correct and get the best results from
what we spend.
Insurance
Insurance is a vast industry. There are hundreds of insurance i.e. car insurance, bike, life
insurance, and many more. The premium of insurance is based on the statistics. Insurance
companies use the statistics that are collected from various homeowners, drivers, vehicle
registration office, and many more.
Consumer Goods
Statistics are widely used in consumer goods products. The reason is consumer goods are daily
used products. The business use statistics to calculate which consumer goods are available in
the store or not.
Financial Market
The financial market completely relies on the financial market. All the stock prices calculate
with the help of statistics. It also helps the investor to take the decision of investment in the
particular stock. It also helps the corporate to manage their finance to do long term business.
Business Statistics
Each large organization uses business statistics and utilize various data analysis tools. For
instance, approximating the probability and see where sales can be headed in the future.
Several tools are used for business statistics, which built on the bases of mean, median, and
mode, the bell curve, and bar graphs, and basic probability. These can be employed for
research problems related to employees, products, customer service, and much more. Business
can successfully rely on the things what is working and what is not.
6.Distinguish between a population and a sample?)
Parameter of
Comparison Population Sample
Population include the entire
set of data. The size of the Sample includes data selected
population depends on the from the population. It is a subset
Definition scope of your research. of population.
Measureable
Quality It is called a parameter. It is called a statistic.
When the entire population is If sample is representative of the
used to carry out a study population reliable estimates
results could be more could be made with less time and
Advantages accurate. efforts used.
Disadvantages In most cases it is impossible If the sample selected is not
to test an entire population. representative of the population
Parameter of
Comparison Population Sample
the results are not satisfactory.
Example All kids registered in a school Kids who got an A
7. Why do statistics take sample from a given population?
Because when studying statistics you can’t study or take the whole population as
a survey, because the population may be large and tiresome to count. So this is
why we take sample from the given population.
8. What are the different steps in statistical inquiry?
Stage 1:- Data collection
Is the process of gathering information about the data of
subject interest?
Stage 2:- organization of data
Organization of data is the efficient way or the main part of
statistical inquiry. It has three stages.
Editing
Classification
Tabular presentation
Stage 3:- Presentation of data
Is displaying the work done or survey in a graphic or diagram
form.
Stage 4:- Analysis of data
Is where the collected and organized data is manipulated as to
generate to find results.
Stage 5:- Interpretation
Is the defining or interpreting the survey with more meaning
and easy defining flow.
