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Sabina Ostrowska
Unlock your potential and prepare for

academic success with this mot
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o Exciting video from Discovery

Education™ provides new
angles on a range of academic
topics.
o A fresh approach to crit ical thinking

provides the tools needed to generate
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individual ideas and opinions.
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o Unique corpus research helps avoid
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CAMBRIDGE e:) 1sc o ve r y
EDUCATION .,
UNLOCK
READING & WRITING SKILLS 1
Sabina Ostrowska
D C AM BRI D GE
UNIVERSITY PRESS
CAMBRIDGE
UNIVERSITY PRESS
University Printing HOu$C, Camb ridge C828BS, United Kingdom
Cambridge University Press is partof theUniversity of Cambridge.

It furthersthe University"s missionby disseminatingknowledge in the pursuit of
education, learningand research at thehighestinternationallevelsofexcel.lc ncc.
www.ca.mbridge.org
Informal.ion on dtistitle-: www.cambridgc-.org/9781107613997
C> Cambridge Unh1ersityPre$$1014
Th is publication is in copyright.Subject 10 stalutory exception
and to theprovisionsof relevant collective Hceosi .ngagreements,
no reproduction ofany patt may take placewithout thewritten
permission ofCambridge University Press.
First published 2014
Printed i.n Ch ina by Golden Cup Printing Co. Ltd
A eatalogi,e rtcor1J forthis publeiiltio t1 isavailable from the British Library
ISBN 978-1 - 107 - 61; 99 - 7 Reading and Writing 1 Studenl's Book withOnline Workbook
ISBN 978•1•107 - 6 a401 -7 Reading and Wriling 1 Teacher's Book with OVO
ISBN 978 •1 • 67810- 1 Listening and Speaking 1 Student's Sook with Online Workbook
10-7
ISBN 978 - 1- 107•66 7 Listening and Spt".aking 1 Tea che'rs Book with OVD
21-1
Additional resourcesfor thispublic.ition at ww·w·C.'ambridgc.org/unol ck
Cambridge Un.iver$ity Presshas no responsibilityfor the persistence or
accuracy of URLs (or external or third-par_ty intcrnetwebsites referred to in this
publication, and does not guarantee that anycoo1ent on s·uch websites is,or will
remain, accurate or appropriat.eInformationregarding prices.,
traveltimetables.and other foc1ual informat ion given in thiswork i$correct at the
time o( first printing but Cambridge Univers-ity Pressdoes notguatanlec the
accuracy of$uch i_nfo r malion thereafter.
CONTENTS
Map of the book 4
Introduction 8
UNITl People 14
UNIT2 Seasons 32
UNIT3 Lifestyle 50
UNIT4 Places 68
UNITS Sport 86
UNIT 6 Jobs 104
UNIT7 Homes and buildings 122
UNITS Food and culture 140
UNIT9 Theanimal kingdom 158
UN IT l 0 Transport 176
Glossary 194
Video scripts 202
Acknowledgements 207
UNIT VIDEO RfAOING VOCAllULAI\Y
1PEOPLE People Key ,codingskill: Family vocabulary

Previewing (e.g.grondforhe,r
Reading l: Friendhle Understanding keyvocabulary grandmother. father.
(Commnuication studies) Skimming mother)
Reading2: A very tall man! Scanning to findinformation
(Anthropology)
2SEASONS Extreme Key r,od ing skill: Adjectives to describe the

weather Scanning to 6ndinformation weather (e.g.worm. hot,
Reading l: Thecoldest cityin Previewing cold.sunny)
theworld Understanding key vocabulary
(Geography)
Reading 2:Cuba weather
(Meteorology)
3 LIFESTYLE Life Key reading skill : Vocabulary forstudy
underground Scanningto nnd information (e.g. Marhs. History .
Read ingI:Can you imagineyour Previewing Chemistry. Business)
life withnomobilephonesor
Understanding keyvocabulary
TV?
(Ant hropology)
Reading 2:Timetable
(Management)
4 PLACES France Key readingskilt Vocabula,y for places in a
Readingfor main ideas City (e.g. mtMUrn. Ubrory.
Reading k Awortd history of Understanding key vocabulary Facto,ry monument)
maps
Previewing Vocabulary for places Ina
(History) Scanning to nnd Information country (e.g. hill.form."'1/d.
Reading 2:TheMaldives: an Reading fordetail Forest)
overview
(Geography)
5 SPORT Tai-Ch!and Key reading skill; Adjectives ro de scribe
Shaotin Usingyour knowledge to predict sports (e.g. hotd.exciting.
Reading1: Theworld's top five Ku n-g Fu content expemive.difficult)
favourite sports
Understanding key vocabulary
(Sports studies) Readingfor main ideas
Reading 2:Sport in Brazil Scanning to find information
(Cultural studies) Sc.anningto predictcontent
Re adingfor detail
6JOBS Dabbawallas K•y reading skill: Vocabulary for jobs(e.g. vet.

Reading fordetail fireman. monoges people.
Reading t Find_myjob.corn Previewing ptepares food'}
(6uslness and management) Understanding keyvocabu4a,y
Reading 2:Jobemans Scanning to nnd Information
(Business and management) Working out meaning from
context
UNLc.?CI( ltEAOINGANO WIUTINGSK'l l.lS 1

INTRODUCTION UNLc,"'>CK
CRITICAL lHINKING WRITING
Nouns and verbs • Analyze a family tree Academic writing skills;

Singularand plural • Drawa family tree • Pun ct uati on
nouns
Writing task type:
Grammar for wr;ting;
Write descriptive sentences.
• The verb be
• Personal pronouns Writing task:
• Possessive Write about somebodyinyour family.
determiners • Understand a table Academic writing $kill$:
Adjectivesand nooos • Punctuation:capital letters
Noun phrases Writingtask type:
Grammar f0t writing-. Write fact
• Subject and verb Writing tosk:
• Prepositions Write facts about the weather in your city.
• Prepositional phrases
• Answer rsonal questions Academic writing $kill$:
Collocations about • Spelling third person singular forms
Grammar for writ1'ns: routine
Writing task typo:
• S ubject - verb - object • Create a timetable Write facts.
• Present simple Writingtask:
• Timeexpr e-ssions Write factsabout the lifestyle of a student In
your class.
Academic writing skills:

Noun phrases withof • O<der writingby topic • Spelling and punctuation: capital letters
Grammar for writing;. • dassify words Writing tosk type:
• rhereIs/ thereore • Think of key words
Write facts.
• Determiners: articles Writing task:
Writefactsabout yourcountty.
Sports collocations • Createa ideas Academic wd ti ng kills

map Prepositions • Commas
Adject ives
Writing task
Grammar for writing:, type-. Write facts.
• Sub ject - verb- adjective
W ri ting tO$k:
• Subjetc- verb- adverb
Write facts about a popularsport in
your country.
Adjective phrases • Complete a Acod, mic writing skills:

Gtommor for questionnaire • Contractions
writing: • Choose a jobbasedon
• musr andhove ro Writing task type:
Q\,estionnaire results Write sentences.
• Joining sentences
withand Writing rosk:
Write a descriptionof a job fora friend.
UNLOCK REAOING ANOWRITING Sl<ILLS l M/,POF TH E. B OO K

UNIT VIOEO READtNG VOCABULARY
7HOMESAND Building t he Key reading ski/I: Vocabulary for buildi ngs

BUILDINGS new Shanghai Usingvisuals to predict content (e.g. cinem, a
library.hotel
Unden tanding key vocabulary train station )
Reading t Architect'sworld Scanning to findinformation Vocabulary for partsof
expert inrerview Readingfor detail buildings(e.g.car pork.
(Architecture) Previ-ewing stairs,exit.garden)
Reading 2: Skyscrapers Understandingdiscourse Adjectives to describe
(Arch itecture) buildings(e.g. big.
modern.
o kf. vg!Y)
CULTURE
8FOODAND Mexican food Key readingskill: Vocabulary for food
Previewing cocooo, t yoghurt wotetj
Reading 1:Tea: A world history Unde1'$13ndingkeyvocabulary
(History) Scanning10 find information
Reading2: Tenof the best by Reading for
detail cuisine
(Hospitality management)
9THEANIMAL South African Key read ing ski//; Voc a bularyto describe
wildlife Reading for main ideas facts aboutanimals (e.g.
KINGDOM Previewing long,high weighs, habitat )
Reading1: Variety In the animal Understandingkey vocabulary Vocabulary for animals
kingdom Read ing for detail (e.g. hormle ss.endangered.
(Zool ogy) Using yo urknowledge deadliest, nocturnoQ
Read ing2:The world's fastest Skimming
hunters Scanning to Tind information
(Zoology) Understanding discours
10 TRANSPORT Tokyo
transport
Key reading skill :
Workingout meaning from
Transport collocations
(e.g. take the bus.
Reading t TranSport survey context trove/ by cor)
(Transport and logistics)
Preveiwing
Reading 2: Transport in U ng your knowledge
Bangkok:report Skimming
(Urban planning) Scanning to find information
Understanding keyvocabulary
Readingfordetail
Understanding discourse
MAP OF THE BOO :< UNL«K R£A0INGANOWRITING SKLI lS 1

GRAMMAR CRITICAL THINIONG WRITING
Grammar for writing: • Compare Academicwriting skills:

• Comparing quantities data • Spelling:double consonants
• Comparativeadjectiv Writing tosk type:
es Write acomparison.
• Joi ning sente nces wit
h Writ ing task:
""'
1 , _,
W rite a comparisonof two buidl ings.
Coontabte and
• 8'alnstom>
uncountable nouns • Analyze notes • Spelling
Grammar for • Make notes Writing task typo:
I
• Sooject-veroagreement
writing:
Writedescriptive sentences..
Wr iting tosk:
• Determiner>:a, °" Write about foodin yourcountry fo r
a student website,
and
some
can and cannot • Analyze a table of facts Academicwtitingskills:

Grommot for writing. • Spelling
• Su perlative Writingtask type:
adjectives Write a descriptive paragraph.
Wr it ing task:
Write a paragraph aboutananimal.
Quantifier> Academic wrir;ng skills:

• Collect datawitha survey
Grammar for writmg-. • Ert0tco rrection
• Subject- verb- object Writing task type:
• Linking sentences with Writea paragraph.
pronouns
Writing to,k:
Writea paragraph about traoSpOtt in
you,:city .
UNLO
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REAOI
NGAN
O
WIUT
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ILLS I
YOUR GUIDE TO UNLOCK
UNLOCK UNIT STRUCTURE

The units in Unlock Reoding &Writing Skills a re ca ref ully scaffolded so that students are take n step-by-step through the writing
UNLOCK YOUR
KNOWLEDGE
I
Encourages d iscussion around the theme of the unit with inspiration
frominteresting questions and striking visuals.
I
Featuresan engaging and motivating Dis,;overy Education• video which generates interest in the te
WATCH AND LISTEN
I
READING 1 Practises the reading skills required to understand academic texts as well
as the vocabulary needed to comprehend the text itself.
I
READ!NG 2 Preseots a second text which providesa different angle on the topic in a differentgenre. It is a model textforthe
WRITING
LANGUAGE I
UsesPractises
the sk,llsthe vocabulary
and learnt over thefrom
language andgrammar the Readings
courseof in draft and
the un,t to
•• DEVELOPMENTpreparation for the writing task.
I
CRITICAL Contains brainstorming. evaluative and analytical tasks as preparation for THINKINGthe writing task.
I
GRAMMAR Presents and practisesgrammatical structures and features needed for
FOR WRITINGthe writing task.
ACADEMIC
WRITING SKILLS
I
Practises all thewritingskills needed forthe writing task.
TASK
ed,t the writing task. Requires students to produce a pieceof academic
•• writing. Checklists help learners to ed,t their work.
• I
•••
OBJECTIVES Allows students to assesshow well they have mastered the skills covered
REVIEWin the unit.
•
• I Includes the key vocabulary from the unit.
• WORDLIST
•• .-
•• This is the unit's main learning objective. It gives learners the
• • opportunity to use all the language and skills they have learnt in
the unit.
UNLOCK READING ANO WRITINGSKIU S l

UNLc,'>CK MOTIVATION
••
WLEDGE • • • • • • • • • • • • Read the sentences (,--5)below and write the jobs from the box in the gaps. Usea dictionary to help you
•
•
architect managersoftware engineer
nurse primaryschool teacher •
_ _ _ _ m anagespeople.
•
••
•
••
•
- - - - - - - - - - -manages software.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _teaches young children. •
••
PERSONALIZE
Unlock encourages students to bring their own
knowledge. experiences and opinions to the
topics. Thismotivates students to relate the
topics to their own contexts.
Thought-provokingvideos ' ' The. vid.eo WM xe. aUent !

fromDiscovery Education· are It l'letped. wikl-1 rru6ing sb.«w,ts'
interest in i:11e. top<(,. It WM
included in every unit throughout
well.-stmci:l.<re<i cu-.d, 1:11e. w.,,gv. e.
the course to introduce topics.
Le.vel. WM o,pproprW:e..
promote discussion and motivate
learners. The videos provide a Maria Agata Szczerbik.
United Arab Emirates University.
new angle on a wide range of
academic subjects.
''
Al•Ain, UAE
UN LOCK REAOING ANO WfUTING SKILLS 1

YO U R GU ID E TO UNLOCK
The.uiti.co.L
'
1¼1inking secli.ons
UNLc',>CK CRITICAL THINKING preswt; o..
Lt ore;,..
• • • • • • • • • • • BLO O M ' S TAXONOMY in o.n eng
•• o..n,l, O-GGe$Si.ble
create. invent.
plan.compose, "-'
construct.design. imagine Shirley Norton.
• decide,rate, choose.
London School
•• recommend.
justify.assess. prioritize of Engli ,sh UK ,
e><plain, contrast examine. identify, ,,
• Ulvestigate.
categorize
• •
show. complete, use,classify,
examine.ilfustrare. sotve
••• compare.discuss. testat•e

• p,edlct.translate,outline
•• na .describe. relate.
find. Ust,write.teU
•
•• • The Critical Thinking sections in Unlock arebasedon
• • Benjamin Bloom's classification of learning objectives.
Learners engage in evaluative and analytical tasks that are designed to ensure they do all of the thinking and informatk)n
This ensures learners develop their lower·and higher-
order thinking skills. ranging from demonstrating
knowledge and understanding to in-depth evaluation.
.
The margin headings in the Critical Thinking sections
highlight theel<ercises which develop Bloom's concepts.
•• CRITICAL THINKING
•
••••••••••
••••••• UNDERSTAND At ltnd of thisunit.youw,Uwritt facts.lookat this unit's wti1-ing task in
I, --. thebox below,
I Write fa.cu1.boul Ulc,,'t'2thtr ln yourdty.
I
Understanda tal>le
A coble'$hows facts nt.mItiseasy to s,ee ts and sintab4e.
Oecimolnuml>et> have•!\Al s,oplnmom-f0<•'"'•·u1.7.2.7.Whenwo ,.Y
dedmol-.,w•-•hewo<dpoinr.
1.1 0t1t, poi.m. one t? Ot\t, point, se.vtn 2.7 WOse.vm
Table 3.4: Average lemper.uures and rainfall in Ula,nnbaatu, Mongolia
UNLO'CK READING ANDWRITING Sk'.lllS I

UNLc.'>CK RESEARCH
,.THE <:: l'vlB lDGE LE N.ER c o RPus @ : . • ,., language Development sections
· provide vocabulary and grammar
building tasks that arefurther
ans we can use the corpus to carry out unique research and identify the mostpractised
common errors learners make.That informa
in the <,? Workbook. t t
The glossary and end-of-unit wordlists
provide definitions, pronunciation
and handy summaries of all the
key
• • vocabulary.
...
••
PIOPl.l
•
@ LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT •••••••••••••• •••••
Nounsand
verb,
W«ds:fo, pfOpte. pb(esor things areWotdsforstatesor actlon$
"""'-Senronce,"-venooos ¥ld...t,s,
nouns: Tom i6 o. cloetcr. Ht- ti.vu U'I Ht.w Yori:. Ht. ti#ts m Ao
verbs: Tom UJ. Cl d.oc,tor, He l.iNe6 111 Ntw Yort. Ke we.ts "' hospiu.l..
1 Re3d thesentence-s 0-7)andwrite thebold wordsintMcorrect pfa.ce-s in

lhetobte b<low.
GRAMMAR FOR WRITING• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ••

The verbbe
The Yed>be ho$ lh<ee (Offll$4n!he Pr. ,, ,lmple 1ense:om.Is.or•.Alu,,1.wo •••
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1 Read thetexts{A ind 8) ind write om.;s or (J(tIn the gaps. •

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ACAD IC LANGUAGE· · · _
Unique research using the Cambridge English Corpus The grammar syllabus is carefully
has been carried out intoacademic language. in order designed to help learners become
good to provide learners with relevan,tacademic vocabulary writers of English. There isa strong
from the start (CEFR Al and above). This addresses a gap focuson sentence structure. word
in current academic vocabulary mapping and ensures agreement and referencing. which are
learners are presented with carefully selected words they important for coherent and
organized will find essential during their studies. academic writing.
' ' The. 0-9e.d.evelopmem deo.r IAl1d. the. stro119 lex .foc«s posw.ve.
o.s IM.rner-s M th mru:e. mo,-e. progress when th l.eo.rn more. voco.bf.< .
Colleen Wackrow,
Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University. Al-Riyadh. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, ,
UNLOCK R£AOINGANOWRITINGSKlllS l
YOUR GUIDE TO UNLOCK
UNLc.'>CK SOLUTIONS
WORKBOOKS
lable in a range of print and digital components, so teachers can mix and match according to their requirements.
are accessed via activation codes packaged with the Student's
-use workbooks provide interactive exercises. games. tasks.and further practice of the language and skills from the Stud
l.£AANING MANJ',GEM(N1'.SYSTEM
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MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS)

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The Cambridge LMS provides teachers with theability to track learner progress and save valuable ti
automated marking functionality. Biogs, forums and other toots arealso available to facilitate comm
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UNLOCK EBOOKS
The Unlock Student's
Books and Teacher's
Books are also
available as
interactive eBooks.
With answers and
Discevery Educotion
vi<leos embedded.
the eBooks provide a
great alternative to the
printed mater
- = "'""'
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U N Lt'l( "JC REAOING ANO WRITING SKILLS I

COURSE COMPONENTS
• Each level of Unlock consists of two Student's Books: Reading & Writing and Listening &
Speaking and an accompanying Teacher's Sook for each.Online Workbooks are packaged
with each Students Sook.
• Look out for the O6 symbols in the Student"s Books which indicate that additional
practice of that skill or language area isavailable in theOnline Workbook.
• Every Unlock Student's Book isdelivered both in print format and asan interactive
eBook for tablet devices.
• The Unlock Teacher's Books contain additional writing tasks. tests. teaching tips and
research projects for students.
• Presentation Plus software for interactive whiteboards is available for allStudent"s Books.
READING
,
UNL<...,CK
-- - --
•
... --
UNL 'CK UN L ' CK
I • 2
AND ' 3
WRITING
Student"s Book and Online

978•1-107·61l99·7 978·1-107-61400•0 978+107•61526•7 978·1-107•61525·0
Worl<book Pack•
Teachec·s Book with ovo• 978-1-107•61401•7 978-1-107•61403·1 978-1-107•6\404·8 978-1-107•61409·3
Pre-sentation Plus(Interactive
whiteboard software} 978-1-107•63800·6 978·H07·6S60S·5 978-1-107-67624•4 978+107-68245-0
*eBoo k available from www.cambridge.rog/unlock
LISTENING UN
{
C!(
AND I
SPEAKING
Student's Book andOnline

978•1-107-67810•1 978•1-107•68232-0 978·1-107-68728·8 978•1-107•63461•9
Workbook Pack'
Teacher's Book with DVD' 978-1-107•66211•7 978•1·107-64280·5 978+107•68154·5 978+107•6S0S2•7
Presentation Plus(interactive
whiteboard software! 978·1-107·66424-1 978·1-l07·69S82·S 978-1-107·63543·2 978•1-107•64381·9
*eBookavailablefrom www.cambridge.org/unlock
The complete course audio is available from "

www.cambridge.org/unlock
UNLOCK R.EAOING ANO WAJTING S101.LS 1

--
Watch and understand a video about people and

their jobs
Reading skills Preview a text
Academic writing skills Use capital letters and fullstops in sentences
Writing task Write descriptive sentences
14 UN I T1
UNLc.'>CK YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Work with apartner. Ask and answer the questions
below. l What is your full name?
2 Where do you live?
3 Do you have a job? What do you do?
4 Do you study? What do you study?
5 What do you do in your free time?
WATCH AND LISTEN
PREPARING TO WATCH
1 Match the places (1-6) to the correct countries (a-f).
UNDERSTANDING
KEY 1 New Delhi a Italy
VOCABULARY 2 New York b South Africa
3 The Cape Peninsula c United St at es _
4 Cair
d Mexico
o
5 Milan e India
6 Mexico f Egypt
City
WHILE WATCHING
LISTENING FOR
2 0 You are going to watch a video about people around the
world. Watch and complete the table with theinformationyouhear.
KEY INFORMATION
name job place
Amarel New York,

Unit ed
States
Sebastian He is an art ist.
Angela M ilan, Italy
Yasmine She wo rks for a

m agazine.
David The Cape Penin

sula, South Africa
Geeta She plans

weddings.
l'" WATCH ANOLISTEN UNL«X IU:At>NI G ANDWI\ITINGSKIU.S I
PEOPLE UN I T I
l O Watch the video again. Complete the sentences below with

thecorrect adjectives from the box.
beautiful different interesting famous
The people in the video do jobs.

2 Sebastian is a Mexican artist.
3 Angela makes clothes.
4 The people in the video allhave _ _ _ _ _ _ _ lives.
DISCUSSION
4 Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions below.
1 Which person in the video has the most interesting job?
2 What job would you like to do in the future?
3 Where would you like to live in the future?
UNLOCIC I\EAOING ANDWRITINGSKIU.S 1 WATCH ANOLISTEN 17

READING 1
P_R_E_V-IE-W-IN_G
I PREPARING TO READ
_, 1 Look at the text.Circle the correct answers to the questions below.
1 What is the text about?
a a sport b a young c a family
man
2 Where is the text from?
c awebpa.ge
UNDERSTANDING I a a book b a magazine

2 Read the sentences (1-4 ) below and write the words from thebox
KEY VOCABULARY in the gaps.
languages city birth <country
1 Lo nd on is a very big _
2 I speak three : Turkish, Arabic and English.
3 M orocco is a _ _ _ _ _ _ in No rt h Afr ica.
_
4 My date of is 7Jul y 1993.
WHILE READING
3 Read the text and write the words from the box in the gaps (1-4).
KIMMING SCANNING TO FIND I My hobbies and interests My address My life Myfamily
4 Read the text again. Circle the correct words to make true sentences.
INFORMATION 1 Amir is from Pakistan/ the United Kingdom.
2 Amir's brothe r is a boxer/ racing car driver.
") UHL«IC 3 Amir's hobbies are gaming and swimming/ swimming and football.
(;. ONLINE 4 Muhammad Ali is Amir's favourite sportsman/ teacher.
5 Falak is Amir's sister/ mother.
6 Shah is Amir's brother/ father.
7 Amir's address is info @amirsfans.co.uk / amirsfans@info.co.uk
8 His favourite football team isManchester City/ Bolton Wanderers.
5 Read the summary below and circle the correct words.
Amir Khan is a< 1> boxer / tiocher. He is from <1> Bohon / Manchester
in the United Kingdom. His date of binh is 8 December
(ll 1986 / 1996. His brothers' name is <• > Horoon /
Shah. His father is (s) Muhammad Ali / Shah Khan.
• REAOING I UNL« K REAOING ANO WRITIN G StCI L L S 1
DISCUSSION
6 Wo rk with apartner. Ask and answer the q uestio ns (1-6) PEOPLE UN IT I
below.
1 What is your name?
2 Where are you
from?
3 What is your date of birth?
4 What are your brothers' and sisters' names?
5 What languages do you speak?
6 How tall are you?
Friendfile
MY PROFILE
Amir Khan
(My personal information )
First name: Amir
Last name: Khan
Date of birth: 8 December 1986
City: Bolton
Country: United Kingdom
Languages: English, Urdu,
Punjabi Job: Boxer
1
Email: info@amirs fans.co.uk
[4
(2 ) I'm Amir Khan. My mother and
father are from Pakistan. I speak
Mother: Falak
three languages: English, Urdu and
Father: Shah
Punjabi. I am a boxer. I have won
Brother: Haroon
many boxing matches. My brother's
[ 3 l name is Haroon. He is a boxer
too. I like reading, swimming and
Hobbies: swimming, football watching football.
Favourite football club:
Bolton Wanderers
Favourite sportsman:
Muhammad Ali
UNL-OCK REAOING AN O W R.ITING SKIL LS 1 READINGl • 1
READING 2
PREPARING TO READ
1 Look at the text. Circle the co rrect options (a-
PREVIEWING
c). 1 The photo is of
a a typical man. b an unusual man. c an English man.
2 The text is about
a a racing car d b a boxer. c a very tall man.
river.
3 The text is from b a magazine. c a web page.
a a book.
Previewing
Previewing means looking atatextbefore youread it. When we preview atext,
welook at the textand think about thequestions below.
• Are there photographs?
• Whatis in the photographs?
• What Isthe titleof the text?
• Where 1s the text from?(abook? amagazine? a web page?)
I
UNDERSTANDING 2 Check the meaning of the bold words in the sentences{1- 6) below.
KEY VOCABULARY Use the glossary on page194 to help you.
1 My siste r is188 cm . She isvery ta ll1
2 My brother is a student. He livesin Londo n.
3 My father is a teacher. He works in a
school. 4 Meltem loves clothes and shoe s.
S Chaiwat's height is169 cm.
6 Khalid's father is a fa rmer.
1 READING 2 UNLt>CKRE.AOING ANOWllfllNG SK1lLS 1
UNUSUAL PEOPLE: CHAPTER 8 - TALLEST AND SMALLEST
A VERY tall man!

Sultan Kosen is from Turkey. He lives in Mardin in
Turkey. Helives with his family. Sultan lives with his
mother, his three brothers and his sister.
Sultan is a typical farmer. His hobby is watching 1V. He

is interested in music. His height is unusual. He is 251
cm tall - that is very tall. Sultan is the tallest man in the
world. Hismother, brothers and sister are normal
height.
Sultan works on the farm. Hehas a tractor. Hislife is not

easy. People look at him in the street. Normal clothes and
shoes are too small. His clothes and shoes are very big.
Sultan speaks Turkish and English. He went to London,

Paris and Madrid in Europe in 2010. He went to New
York, Chicago and Los Angeles in America in 2011.
UNL«K READING ANOWRmNG SKILLS 1

SCANNING TO FIND WHILE READING
INFORMATION 3 Read the text and circle the correct words in the profile below.
UNUSUAL PEOPLE - PROFILE

Rrst name:< 1> Sultan I Kosen Last name: t21Sultan I Kosen Country: CJl Turkey I America City: c•> Mardin I Ne
Family: (613 sisters and 1 brother I 1 sister and 3 brothers
Heightm:210 cm1251 cm
? UHWO<
(.. ONLINE 4 Read the text again. Write the correct words from the text in the gaps.
1 Sultan Kosen from
Turkey. 2 He in Mardin in Turkey.
3 He lives with his _
4 Sultan a typical farmer.
S His hobby watching TV.
6 Sultan Turkish andEnglish.
DISCUSSION
5 Work with apartner. Ask and answer the questions (1- 3) below.
1 Where do you live'
2 Is it a nice place to live? Why?/ Why
not? 3 Who do you livewith?
READING } UNLOCK R.EAOINGANOWA.ITINGSKl1.1..$ 1

PEOPLE 0N1!,
@ LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
Nouns and verbs

Words for people, places or things are nouns. Words for states or actions are
verbs.Sentences have nouns and verbs.
nouns: Tom i-s o.d.octor. He, w,es i.n New York. He. works i.n o.
hospi.tdl,. verbs: Tom i-5 o. d.oc.tor. He. w,es i.n New York. He. works i.n
o. hospi.tdl,.
1 Read the sentences (1- 7)and write the bold words in the correct places in
the table below.
1 Marika Diana is from Italy.
2 Sultan Kosen lives on a
farm. 3 My brother is a
student.
4 Faisa'sl mother works in London.
S London is a big city.
6 Amir Khan is a boxer.
7 Sultan's clothes and shoes are very big.
nouns verbs
Singular and plural nouns

Nouns are singular or plural. Singular means one.Plural means more than one.
We use -s at the end of plural nouns.
singular nouns: R hM o. brotne.r. H s brothe,r 1:6 o. boxe.r.
plural nouns:£n9i.n hM two brothe.rs. Hi-5 brotne.rs o.re, boxe.rs.
2 Read the sentences (1- 5)and circle the correct words.
1 My mother has four sister/ sisters. 2 I have only one pen/ pens.
My father has a car/ cars.
We have two house/ houses. S They have five car / co t s.
UNLc:>oC READINGANDWRITNI GSKILLS I LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT .
3 Read the sentences (1-6) and write the words from the box in the gaps.
teachers lives speaks Rome brothers is
l Hamdan _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ from Dubai.

2 Eriko and Tomoko are _ _ _ _ ___ _ . They work in a big
school.
3 She _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ two languages: Arabic and English.
4 I live with my sister and my three _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
5 My grandfather _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in Istanbul.
6 Marika Diana lives in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
FAMILY VOCABULARY
4 Write the words from the box in the correct places in the table below.
grandfather uncle brother mother daughter
male female
(1)
grandmother
(l)
father
(l)
son
t•l
sister
(I)
aunt
CRITICAL THINKING
At the end of this unit, you will write descriptive sentences. Look at this
unit's writing task in the box below.
Write about somebody in your family.
, CRITICAL THINKING UNLOCK REAOING AN C> WIUT1NG $KILLS 1

PEOPLE L. N I- ·
A family tree
A family tree shows the relationsihps in a family.
Khalifa Laila
r I
Alia Aysha
I
Abdullah
UNDERSTAND
1 Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions (1-8) about the
family tree.
1 Who is Samira's
brother? 2 Who isFatima's
mother?
3 Who is Ahmed's
grandmother? 4 Who are
Abdullah's aunts?
5 Who are Khalifa's daughters?
6 Who is Aysha's son?
7 Who is Mouza's grandfather?
8 Who are Khaled's sisters?
2 Draw your family tree.
CREATE
Work with a partne.r Ask and answer questions like the questions in Exercise 1about your family trees.
3
UNL()( K READING AN O WA-ITING Sl<IU. S l CRITICAL THINKING . "-

WRITING
GRAMMAR FOR WRITING

•
The verb be
The verb be has three forms in the Present simple tense: am, is, are.After /,
we use am. After you. weor they, we use are.After he,she or it,we use is.
I CUY1 swcle.nt.
Yo1.< <U"e. swcle.nt.. We. <U"e. swcle.nts. The.\j <U"e. swcle.nt.s.
J1.<nl:o i,s swd,e.nt.. She. i,s swcle.nt. M!I si-ste.r i,s swcle.nt.
Ami,r i,s boxer. S1.<l.tan i,s f=e.r. M!j 9ro..nd,fiune.r i,s d.oc.t-Or.
Lond,on i,s big ci¾- It i,s big f<U'm. H s nCUYle. i,s Tom.
Ange.14. o..nd, Otf:.cl,vw <U"e. ll;Q..(.i,o..n. The.\j <U"e. lto..l.iAn.
1 Read the texts (A and B) and write am,is or are in the gaps.
M!j nCUYle. co_ _ _ HCUYIM n. I c,i _

from At Ai,n. I Cl>_ _ _ 1 . At Ai,n <•>_ _ _
i,n the. Llni-te.<l Ar £mi,r s. M!j brotl1e.r's
n CU\'le. csi_ _ _ F - He. < > _
otd,e.r. He. Ol 2.<>. M!j f iun e.r's nCUYle.
ci1_ _ _ A.
;
1f1J
Min Lee. tfZJ from Busan.
Busan (JJ inSouth Korea. Ilive with

mJ mother, my father anJ"')'sister.MJ mother
anJ father f•J_________from Seoul.MJ sister
(sJ her,J_ _ _ 1 7S. h e
HaniS.
(1J_
_ _ a stutlent. Herhohhic.s /aJ _
swimmin3 anJ watdti113 rv.

!h WRITING UNLQCK REAOINGAN OW ITIN G SKILLS I
PEOPLE UNll I
Personal pronouns
We use personal pronouns before a verb. Personal pronouns are I.you, he.she,it,
we and they.The pronouns he. she. it, and they can also replace nouns.
I IA.Ill Min Lu.
Fo..iscu. i,s 2.b. He. i,s Z.<:.. [He = Faisal]

Ho..n i-s sw<le.nt. She. i-s swd,e,nt. [She = Hani]
S14so..n i,s i.n So14tl1 Kor . It s UC!! i.n So«tl1 Kor .
[It= Busan]
We, ue. from AL Ai.I'\.
Mi.I'\ o..nci Ho..n ue. from S14so..n. Th ue. from Sl4so..n.
[They = Min and Hani]
2 W rite the words from the box in the correct places in the tab le below. ") UNL<>O(
(, ON LINE
grandfather mother sonsbrother aunts

daughter father uncles sisters
she
he
they
3
Read the sentences{1-4 ) below and write the words from the box in
the gaps.
He She It They
1 My siste r is very ta ll_________________is175cm.

2 My family is Egyp tian . a re from Cairo.
3 My uncle like s swimming. swims every day.
4 Paris is in France. is a big c ity.
UNL«K REAOING ANO WRITING SKILLS I

\'1/RITING •
Possessive determiners
Possessive determiners are my.your.his, her. its, our and their. We use possessive determiners
M!j f(l,l'/li¼ s from lonGlon. M!j s fo,.mov.s for i.ts v.n vers it\j.
Your scl1ooL s Ale Ov.r v.nci,e. i6 Dv.bo..i-.
xo..nd.riA... Hi6 f(l,l'/li¼ i6 from Thw si6te.r i6 o.. tu.clier.
Po.J:i6 w.n. Her f er s fr om
Rome..
4 Read the sentences (1-S) below and write the words from the box in
the gaps.
My Her His Our Their
1 I have two sisters________________names are Frances and Celia.

2 Jenny Fielding is from Londo n. fat her's name is David.
3 We go to school in Barcelona. school is very big.
4 I have a brother and a sister. sister's name is Aysha.
5 Amir Khan is from Bolton. mother is from Pakistan.
ACADEMIC WRITING SKILLS
Punctuation
The first word in a sentence begins with a copital letter(A. B,CJ. A sentence
ends with a fullstop(.).
TeMhers work scllooLs.
For some words. the first letter is always a capital letter.
names of people:M!j brot11er's Mme. i6 Orl1o.n.
names of places: lsto..nb«L i6 o.. b¼J c.i.f:!j i.n Tv.rkeg.
the pronoun I: I 110..ve. two si-61:us.
1 Put the words in order to make sentences.

1 Zhong Shan/ My grandfather/ is/ .
2 is/ He/ 59/.

3 a doctor/ He/si _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
/. _ _ _ _
4 is from/ He/ Hong Kong/ .
5 two daughters/ He/ has/.
6 my mother and father / lives with / He/ .
- \ 'f RI TING UNL«K READING ANO WRJT1NG SKILLS 1

PEOPLE UN TI
2 Correct the punctuation in the sentences (1-10) belo w. Add capital

letters and full stops.
1 my name is mohammed
2 i am from kuwait
3 iam19
4 my father'sname is asif
5 he is a teacher
6 he has two sons
7 my brother's name is faran
8 faran is a doctor
9 helives in
canada
0 faran's hobbies are swimming and watching TV
wRITIN G TASK
") UNL<:>CI(
Write about somebody in your family. (;. ONLINE
I
1 Look at the family tree you drew in the Critical Thinking section.
Choose somebody from your family tree to write about. PLAN
2 Write a profile for the person.
1 First name
2 Last name
3 Date of birth
4 City
5 Country
6 Languages
7 Job
8 Family
UN:L« K REAOINGANDWRITINGSKILLS 1 WRITING
WRITE A 3 Write sentences about the person. Use the words in the table below
FIRST to help you.
DRAFT
A I B C
My brother's name is Ahmad.

My uncle's name are Tomoko.
My aunt's name a doctor.
His family astudent.
Her family from Cairo.
My family from Bangkok.
She 22.
He 35.
They 49.
We
my uncle.
liveswith
my mother and father.
Turkish.
speaks English.
Arabic and English.
EDIT 4 Use the task checklist to review your sentences.
TASK CHECKLIST
Does the nrst word in your sentences begin with acapital

letter?
Do your sentences have full stops?
Do people's name and places have capital letters?
Are the personal pronouns he and she before the verb is?
Are the personal pronouns we and rhey before the verb are?
Are the possessive determiners (my, his, her)before a noun

(brother , sister, uncle)?
S Make any necessary changes to your sentences.

WRITt N G UNLOCK AEAOING ANO WIUTtN G $Kil.I.$ 1
PEOPLE UN:l I
OBJECTIVES REVIEW
6 Check yourobjectives.
I can ...
watch and understand a
video about people and very not very
their jobs well well
preview a text very not very

well well
use capital letters

and full stops in very not very
sentences well well
write descriptive very not very

sentences well well
WORDLIST
UNIT VOCABULARY
) brotherfarmer
(n) clothes (n) daughter
(n) grandfather (n)(n) different (adj)
grandmother sonfamous
(n) height (adj)
(n) tall(n)
(adj)
interesting (adj) live (v)
shoe (n) teacher (n) uncle (n) work (v) young (adj)
UNLOCK READING ANO WRITING SKtllS 1 WRITING

, ,,
.....I Watch and understand a video about a blizzard
- r· .
I
Reading skills Scan a text to find information
llll
1111
1'
I Academ· i,c writing skilllls Use capital letters in words and sentences
Writing taskWrite facts

1111
.(
I
. •.
'
.
· •...i&-•'
.
..
'
UNL<.?CK YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Work with a partner. Look at the words for seasons in the bo x and
answer the questions below.
spring summer autumn winter

the dry season the monsoon
season
1 Which seasons do you have in your country?

2 Which isyour favourite season? Why?
WATCH AND LISTEN
PREPARING TO WATCH
1 You aregoingto watch a video about weather. Before you match
UNDERSTANDING
wat,ch the words in the box to the correct photographs (1-3).
KEY VOCABULARY
a snowstorm snow a snowflake
II
WHILE WATCHING
USING VISUALS 2 0 Watch the first part of a videoabout weather and circle the correct
option (a-<).
TO PREDICT
CONTENT A blizzard is a kind
of a forest
b storm
c mountain
l4 WATCH ANOUiTEN UNL«K REA01NGANOWRITINGS.KtllS 1

3 Write the words from the box in
the gaps. SEASONS UN IT 2
UNDERSTANDING
close winds see tall dangerous snow cold forests DETAIL
1 The air is
2 There are mountains and thick
3There is a lot of - 15metres!
4 A blizzard is a snowstorm with strong 5A blinard i
s
6Many roads _
7Drivers can't
_
40 Watch the first part of the video again and check your answers.
50 Watch the next part of the videoand write true (T) or false (F)
next to the statements (1-6) below.
1 The big white cloud is a blizzard.
2 There is a lot of snow in the mountains and
forests. 3 The man's car is not very good.
4 The car stops neara city.
5 The man eats apples in the
car. 6 A policeman finds the
man.
DISCUSSION
6 Work with a partner. Use the information in Exercise 5 to
answer the questions.
questions student A student B
I Can you describe the weather Ask Answer

in
the northwest United States?
What's a blizzard? Answer Ask
Is it dangerous?
UNLOCK READING ANDWR.fTING SKILLS I WATCHANDUSTEN 'i
READING 1
PREPARING TO READ
1 Loo k at the words in bold and match sentences CT-4) to sentences (a- d).
UNDERSTANDING
Use the glossary on page194 to help you.
KEY VOCABULARY
1 Two plus two is four. a It is not difficult.
2 Sara is happy. b It is warm in summe
3 '2 + 2 = 4·is easy. r. c She is not sad.
4 Canada is cold in winter. d Two minus two is zero.
2 Match the words (1- 7) to the correct numbers (a- g).

1 twe nty-o ne a 55
2 eleven b 18
3 eighteen c 2012
4 fifty-five d 42
5 forty-two e 21
6 two thousand and twelve f 11
7 fifty g 50
PREVIEWING 3 Look at the graph , photographs and headings in the text on the opposite
page and write true (T) or false (F) next to the statements (1-4 ) belo w.
1 Yakutsk is a cit y.
2 Winter is very cold in Yakutsk.
3 Summer is very cold in
Yakutsk . 4 Svetlana has a cafe in
Moscow.
4 Look at the graph . Translate Average temperatures in Yakutsk into

your language.
Trans la t ion : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
5 Use the glossary on page194 to check your translation.
WHILE READING
6 Match the facts (1-6) to the correct numbers (a- f).
NING TO FIND INFORMATION
') UNLOCK
(;.ON LIN E
1 the average temperature in summer a -42 ·c
2 the writer went to Yakutsk b 2012
3 the average temperature in winter C 5
4 Daria's age d - 55' C
5 the temperature when kindergartens and schools are closed e +20 ·c
6 the average temperature in spring and autumn f - 21·c
UN LCC:K REAOIN G AN O WRITIN G SKILLS I

SEASONS UNIT 2
nning to find information

ning means looking for information. When we scan.we do not read every word in a text. We can scan for:
bers
es of people
es of places.
k for capital letters to find people and places.
The Coldest City in the World

+:We
+ 2Wc
.
: ,,,,.,. , ......_
•'•
+10'c • ,/: "-- ·
0-c ·-······••·i---·;·/- - ·- - -·-·;
·10'c :/
/ '.•
j '"' !
-,j
2 0c'
-- ,,,..,,,.
•30'c
- 4 0-c '--- w•i-nter--
·
s-pr-fng-s-umm- er - : - au- tum- n

Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May: Jun Jul Aug: S6p Del NIW :
Averagetemperatures In Yakutsk
(December - November)
'Theaverage temperature in winter is-42' C.
Some winters arecolder. At -SO' C, the
kindergarten isclosed. Daria ishappy. At -SS
The temperature in your free7,er isabout ·c, the kindergarten and theschool areclosed.
-18' C. Yakutsk in Russia iscolder than Daria
your freezer.In winter, theaverage and Pavel are happy,Svetlana says.
temperature is
-42 ' C! People in Yakutsk likesport. In springand
autumn, theaverage temperature is -21 ' C.
In 2012, I visited Yakutsk. Why? Because They
I wanted tosee thecoldestcity in the goskiing and ice-skating. In summer, it is warm.
world. I wanted to meet the peopleof Theaverage temperature is+20·c.They have
Yakutsk. picnics in theforests.
'Life isdifficult in
winter:says Svetlana, 'but
were not sad: Svetlana
isthe manager of a cafe in
Yakutsk. She has two
children. Her son Pavel is
11. Her daughter Daria
isS.
Svetlana has awantr

- ...
cate in a,._old city.

UNLOCK REAOING ANO WRITING Sl(ILLS 1 READING1 }i
DISCUSSION
7 Work with apartner. Ask and answer the questions (1-4) below.
1 Is life easy in Yakutsk?
2 Is winter cold in your country?
3 How hot is the summer in your country?
4 Do you like hot summers or cold winters? Why?
READING 2
I PREPARING TO READ
- P-_R_EVI-EW-I _. 1 Look at the texts. Circle the correct answers (a-c) to the questions (1-3).
N_G
1 Wh ere are the texts from?
a a book b a magazine c a web page
2 Which text is about the weather in Cuba
now? a Text A b Text B c Text C
3 Which texts are about typical weather in
Cuba?
c Texts A and C
a Texts A and B b Texts Band C
UNDERSTANDING 2 Read the sentences (1-4) below and write the words from the box in
KEY VOCABULARY the gaps.
wind speed rainfall climate temperature
1 Use degrees centigrade (0 C) to talk about _

2 Use kilometresper hour (kph) to talk about _ _ _ _ _ _
3 Use mill imetres (mm) to talk about _
4 Use seasons to talk about _
3Write the words from the box in the gaps in Text B opposit e. Use the
wordlist on page194 to help you.
windy sunny rainy cloudy
- READING 2 UNLOCK REAOINGANO WRITING SKllt S I

SEASONS UNIT l
a WWW.CUBAWEATHER.ORG
CUBA WEATHER HOME J WEATHER J CUBAN CLIMATE WEATHER AVERAGES
Cuba is in the Caribbean.The climate in Cuba is good. It has

two seasons: the dry season and the rainy season.The dry
season and the rainy season last for six months.
The dry season is from November to April.The average
temperatures are between 22·c and 25 •c in the dry
season.The average rainfall is 62 mm in the dry season.It is
windy in the dry seaso n.
The rainy season is from May to October.In the rainy seaso
n, the average temperatures are between 26 ·c and 28 •c .
The average rainfall in the rainy season is 146
mm. The best time to visit Cuba is April or May.
m WW W . CU BAW EATH ER.ORG
CUBA HOME J WEATHER J CUBAN CLIMATE J WEATHER AVERAGES

WEATHER
TOOAY J TO MOI\ I\OW J S DAY J MONTHLY
TODAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESOAY

THURSDAY
8 e,
sunny
(I) cloudy and

(I)
(l)
and cloudy
••
sunny and
( 4)
rt WWW.CUBAWEATHER.ORG
CUBA HOME I WEATHER J CUBAN CLIMATE I WEATHER AVERAGES

WEATHER
S EASON VERAGE AVERAGE RAINFAL' AVERAGE WINO

(MONTHS) TEI" PERATURE C (MM) SPEED (KPH)
Dry (Nov-Apr) 62mm 8 kph
Rainy (May- Oct) 146mm IS kph
UNL«K R.£AOING ANOWfUTING SK:ll,t.S 1 READING
, _, ;
2
WHILE READING
4 Match the facts (1--8) to the correct words and numbers (a- h).
SCANNING
TO
FIND INFORMATION 1 average temperatures•( C) in the dry season a lS
,")uHL«lC 2 months in the rainy season b 31
Y ONLINE
3 average rainfall(mm) in the dry season c 22- 25
r
4 temperature C) on Thursday d 146
5 months in the dry season e November to April
6 average wind speed(kph) in the rainy season f 62
7 average rainfall (mm) in the rainy season g 26-28
r
8 average temperatures C) in the rainy season h May to October
DISCUSSION
S Work with apartner. Ask and answer the questions b elow.
1 Is the climate in Cuba good?
2 What are the seasons in Cuba?
3 Is the climate in your country good?
4 What are the seasons in your country?
5 Where can you find facts about climate in your country?
Adjectives and nouns
Words for people.places or things are nouns. Words that describe people, places and things are ad jectives.
The mo..n i,s f;o..1.1.. The room i,s c.ol<L. The cli.!Ylo..te. i,s good..
It, i,s hot,. It, i,s ®1.<<4!. It, i,s w.nn!j.
") UNL« K
(,, ONLINE 1 Circle the adjectives and underline the nouns in the sentences (1-S)
below .
1 The cafois
warm. 2 Life is
difficult.
3 The climate is good.
4 Summers are hot.
5 Wintersare cold.
L,\N GU,\GE 0f.VELOPM[NT

UNl<XK
REAOINGANOWfUTINGSl<lllS 1
SEASONS u, · JI I ;
2 Read the sentences (1- 5)below and write the words from the
box in the gaps.
weather is brother are sunny
1 The school closed.

2 The children happy.
3 It is warm and today.
4 The is coldin Yakutsk.
S My is young.
• Noun phrases
One type of noun phrase is an adjective • anoun.
noun phrases: He. i.s o.. WI. mo..n. Thi.s i,s o.. GOt.ci room. Spcti.n 11M o.. 9ood.
c.umcu:e. Eg!:jpt 11M d.r!:j we.o..tl1er. The. o..ver e. ro.i.!\foJL i..s 2. mm.
3 Make a noun phrase from the bold words in each sentence (1-4) and
write it in the gaps to make a new sentence.
1 Svetl ana's cafe is warm.
Svetlana hasa _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _
2 Lif e is difficult in winter.
People havea inwinter.
3 In Cuba, the climate is good.
Cubahas_a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
4 Summers are warm in Mongolia.
Mongo l ia has _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
_
4 Work with apartner. Correct the mistakesin the sentences (1-5) below.
1 Cuba has aclimate good.
2 I have a family happy.
3 In summer, we have weather good.
4 The season is dry is fromJune to
November. 5 The rainfall is average is 78 mm
in spring.
UNLOCK A..EAOING ANO WRITINGSKILI.S l l ANGU,,r, r 0£VHOPM(NT ,
CRITICAL THINKING
UNDERSTAND At the end of this unit, you will write facts. Look at this unit's writing task in
- - - - - - - - the box below.
II w,;,. lie•,bom '" -m in yow ci<y.
Understand a table
A table shows facts and numbers. It is easy to see facts andnumbers in a table.
Decimal numbers have a full stop in them - for example,1.1, 1.7, 2.7. When we say
decimal numbers, we use the word point.
1.1 one. poi.nt one. 1.7 one. poi..nt se.ve.n 2.7 two poi.nt se.ve.n
Average temperatures and rainfall in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
month a\'ernge temperatures ('C) a\'cragc rainfall (mm)

January -22 1.1
February -16 1.7
March -7 2.7
April +2 8.3
May +10 13
June +15 42
July +19 58
August +18 52
September +8 26
October 0 6.4
November - 11 3.2
December -19 2.5
RUSSIAN FEDERATION ./
"'t
/', ULAANBAATARo
MONGOLIA
CH I N A
. CRITICAL THINKING UHLOCIC REAOING ANO WRITINGSKIU S I

SEASONS UN' I )
1 Work with a partne.rLookat the table. Ask and answer the

questions (1- 5) belo w.
1 Is it rainy in February?
2 Is it dry in August?
3 Is it cold in April?
4 Is i t cold in October?
5 Is summer rainy or dry?
2 Read the text below and write information from the table in the gaps.
APPLY
The. ww.tner Ln IA boow

tALM..nbo..o..w.r s c,i _
fov.r su sons . The, Se4.Sons (I.Yew, f;e.r, s pr g, sv.mme,r
o..nd. o..v.wmn.
WLl'!f;e.r s from Dece,mbe.r to f e,brv.(I.Y·!:I W ws (I.Ye, c.old.
LI'! IALM..nbo..o..w.r. The. o..ve.ro..ge, tw>pe.ro..wre.s (I.Ye, from
C<l •c to - 2.2. •c. InW Ll'IW , t11e, o..ve.ro..ge.
O> sfr om <•> mm to
2..5 mm.
Sv.mme.r from Jv.ne. to Av.gv.st. Sv.mme.rs (I.Ye, W(I.Ym m
tALM..nbo..o..w.r. In sv.mme.r, tne. o..ve.ro..ge, <sl _
(I.Ye, from +15 •c to < l •c. It $ VU!:j
rO-.Ll'l!:I m sv.mme.r. The. m rO-.Ll'lflUL from
<•> mm to 5S mm.
UNLOCK READING ANDWRITING SKILLS I

WRITING
GRAMMAR FOR WRITING
• Subject and verb

A sentence is about a subject.The subject is a pronoun,a noun or a noun phrase.
pronoun: I ftom BeiJi.ng. S11e. i,s o.. stv.cle.nl;. II; i,s s«nn!j.
noun: M!j fcl»ie.r i,s ol<t. Ycu:ul;sl: i,s i,n Russi4.. The, wuthe.r i,s col<t.
noun phrase: The. o..ve.rCl.ge. ro..i.n i,s 2.1 mm. T!jpi.co..l. l;unCl.9e.rS o..re.
stv.cle.nf;.s.
The verb is after the subject in a sentence.
I ftom Baji.ng. She, i,s o.. stv.cle.nl:,. II; i,s sunn!j.
M!j .f<U:l-le.r ih ol<t. Ycu:ul;sl: i,s in Russi4.. The. wuthe.r i-5 col<t.
The. o..ve.rCl.ge. ro..i.n.fo..U. i,s 2.1 mm. T!jpi.co..l. i;e,e,nCl.ge.rS o..re. stv.cle.nl:,s.
") UHL«lC
ONLIN E 1 Match the sentence halves.
l Svetlana a is15 kph.
2 Jakarta b are from Cuba.
3 The average wind speed c are closed.
4 The schools d is a
manager. 5 Alberto and Ana-Maria e is a
big city.
Prepositions
lhe words at,in, from and to are examples of prepositions.
2 Read the sentences (1- 5)below and write the preposit io ns from the
box in the gaps.
to (x2) from (X2) in (x4)

l Ulaanbaatar is_________Mongolia.
2 Wintersa.re cold Ulaanbaata.r
3 The average temperatures are 16 •C----------------22 •C.
4 _ _ _ _ summer. the average temperatures are +15 • c
+19' C.
5 It isvery rainy summer.
. . W RlTI N C,
UNLC'CK READING ANOWIUTING SKIU.S l

SEASONS l'N I .'
Prepositional phrases
Aprepositional phrase is a preposition • a noun.
One typeof prepositional phrase is a preposition + a noun for a place.

where: M!j brother Li,ve.s i.n Ab1,1 M!j si-ste.r i,s o.. swd.enl; i.n
t>ho.,bi, T Pe.i-. I o..m from Anl::o..ro...
Another type of prepositi0nal phrase is a preposition + a noun for a season or

a month.
when: It; i,s wo..mi i.n s1,1.mmer. II; i,s c.ol.d., i.n Jo..n1Ao..Y!j.
3 Circle the when prepositional phrase in the sentences (1- 2)below.
In the dry season, the average temperatures are between 22 •c
and 25 •c.
The average temperatures are between 22• C and 25• C in the dry season.
4 Look at the sentences in Exercise 3. Which sentence has a comma (.)
after the prepositio nal phrase?
5 Write the prepositional phrases from the box in the gaps. Add commas
and capital letters if necessary.
in July in winter in the monsoon season
1 It is cold in New York _

2__ _ _____ _ _ _ the average rainfall is 6 mm.
3 The average rainfall is 360 mm
6Put the words in order to make sentences.

1 windy/ October/ ,/ is/ it/ In / .
2 weather/ good/ summer/ is/ The/ in/
. 3 Cuba/ climate/ good / the/ is/ In / ./
.
4 a verage/ the/ 34 mm/ In / . / autumn/ rainfall / is/ .
5 Yakutsk/ The/ are/ cold/ winters/ in/ .
6 monsoon/ in/ season/ the/ is/ The/ temperature/ average/ 27• C
/. 7 dry/ the/ season / 7 mm/ In / rainfall/ . / is/ average/ the/ .
UNI.OCK READING ANO WRITING SKILLS I WRITING ', ,

I Punctuation
Capital letters
For the following types of words. the first letter is always a capital letter.
namesof months: April., >..k.lne.
namesof days: Mol'\M.!:j, T1,1e.sd.o.!:I, Wedxi d.o.!:I
nat iona lities:Srilisl1, £9!:!pti.o..l'I, Kor
namesof peol')le: Ahmo.d., Orno.n, Rijok:o
names of places: T1,1rl:e\j, Co.i.ro, Lona.on
1 Write the correct letters in the gaps to complete the months.
Jan r_ Ju
F_b a_y A_g_s_
Ma _ Se _t e e_
Ap J
M O_ t_ ber
e er No_
J _n _ Oe_e er
2 Correct the punctuation in the sentences below. Add capital lette

rs, commas and full stops.
1 in january the weather is cold in russia
2 the average tempera ture is 21• C in
july
3 in the monsoon season the average rainfall is 315 mm in
bangalore in ind ia
4 the weather is sunny on tuesday
5 sultan lives in sharjah in the united arab emirates
WRITING TASK
Write facts about the weather in your city.

;")UH'-"Cl(
1 Circle the co rrect seasons for your
PLAN
V ONLINE
city. a the dry season and the rainy
season
b the dry season and the monsoon season
c spring. summer. autumn and winter
,r WRITING UNLOCK READING ANO WR.ITINGSKILLS I

SEASONS "NT:
2 Write the name of one season in two or more rows in Column A.
A 8 C D
average average
seasons months rainfall (mm)
temperatures ('C)
l
Write the names of the months for each season in column B.
Wri te the average temperatures for each season in column C. Use the internet to help you findinformation.
4
5 Write the average rainfall for each season in col umn D. Use the
internet to help you find information.
6 Look at the Critical Thinking section and read the text

WRITE A FIRST
about Ulaanbaatar again. DRAFT
7 Write information about your city in the gaps below.
__ _ _____ _ _ (your _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
city) isin _ _
(your country). _ _ _ _____ _ (your city) has
________ _ _ (numb er ) seasons. The seasons are
_________ _ an_d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
8 Write sentences about your cit y.

1 Write a sentence about the weather in one season(e.g. It is
windy/ cold/roiny) and say which months the season is in (e.g
April, Moy).
2 Writ e a sentence about the average temperatures in this season.
3 Write asentence about the average rainfall in this season.
4 Writ e a sentence about the weather in another season (e.g.It is windy/
cold/ roiny).
5 Write a sentence about the average temperatures in this season.
6 Write a sentence about the average rainfall in this season.
UNt.OCk REAOING ANOWRITINGSKILLS l
9 Use the task checklist to review your sentence s.
EDIT
TASK CHECKLIST
Do your sentences describe two seasons?
Do your sentences show the average temperature and

rainfall?
Do the names for your city. country and months have capital
letters?
Does the first word in your sentences begins with a capital

letter?
Do your sentences have full stops?
10 Make any necessary cnanges to your sentences.
OBJECTIVES REVIEW
11 Check your objec
tives.
I can ...
watch and understanda very not very

video about a blizzard well well
scan a text to find very not very

information well well
use capital lette rs in very not very

words and sentences well well
writ e facts very not very

well well
UNLOCK R.EAOING ANO WIUTING $ ,CILLS I

SEASONS t Im :
WORDLIST
UNIT VOCABULARY
easy
oudy (adj) cold(adj) dangerous (adj) difficult (adj) dry(adj)summer
(adj) (n)
happy (adj)sunny (adj)
rainy (adj)temperature (n)
sad(adj)warm (adj)
safe (adj)windy (adj)
spring(n)winter (n)
UNLOCK REAOING A.NOWRITINGSKfl LS 1 WRlTING ,;

',.-··•.. -...
\' ,. I
~\
'MIL
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Watch and understand a video about a mining town
Watch and listen
in Australia
Reading skilts Scan a text to fmd information using key words
Academic writing skills Spelt Present simple third person singular verbs
Write facts
1 Write the words in the box next to the correct
prepositional phrases {l-4).
work (xl) study relax with friends
l ina cafe
2 inyour room
3 in a shop
4 in an office

l Where do you study?
2 Where do you relax with friends?
WATCH AND LISTEN
PREPARING TO WATCH
1 Check the meanings of the words in the picture. Use a dictionary to
UNDERSTANDING
help you.
KEY VOCABULARY
Australian desert
dust
miners
underground
rock
machine
2 Read the sentences (1-6) below and write the words from the box
in the gaps.
mine dust rock desert underground comfortable
1 There are many mines in the Australian _

2There is a lot of and rock in the desert
.
3 Every day, miners go to work _
4 The miners cut the______________with machines.
5 There is also a lot of dust in the _
6T mine isnot a place to
work.
S2 WATCH ANOUSTEN UNLO( k flEAOING ANO WR.tTING SKIU..S 1
LIFESTYLE U J 11 l
WHILE WATCHING
3 You are going to watch a video about lifein a town in the
Australian UNDERSTANDING
desert . Before you watch,read the statements (l-6) below and write MAIN IDEAS
true(T)or false (F) in column A.
A B
statement before after
watching watching
l The Australian desert is very hot .
2 The people live in tall houses.
3 The people are on holiday.
4 There are mines in th e t o wn.
S An opalis an expen sive stone.
6 People play golf at night .
40 Watch the video. Write true (T) or false (F) in column B.
5 0 Watch again. Write the numbers from the box next to the correct
LISTENING FOR
facts. There are three extranumbers which you do not need.
KEY INFORMATION
42 55 '95 3,000 5,000 50,000

l the number of people in the town: _
2 the price of a good 0pal:S _
3 temperatures in the desert: •C
DISCUSSION
6 Work with apartner. Askand answer the questions
below. l Would you like to live in CooberPedy?
2 Do you like the undergr0und houses?
3 Is life in Coober Pedy different from lifein y0ur town or city?
UNLOCK R£AOJNGANDWRITINGSKlUS t WATCH AND US TEN

READING 1
PREPARING TO READ
PREVIEWING 1 Which things in the box can you see in the text and the photographs?
Circle the words. Use a dict ionary to help you.
a writer ahunter a jungle acar a tree

house a TV a website a pricea book
cover
the name of a newspaper a watch a village
2 Read sentences (1-8) below and write the words from the box in the gaps.
UNDERSTANDING
KEY VOCABULARY
different traditional imagine hunt
amazing lifestyle jungle cook
1 I like reading books, not watching movies. I like to _

hothpeople look in the story.
1 I want to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ rice for lunch.
2 Pizza is a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ meal in Italy.
3 My _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is not very healthy. I eat too much chocolate.
S Hisdaughters are very _ _ _ ___ _ . Hande is tallbut Adile is
small.
6 They have guns. In autumn, they _ _ _ _ _ _ animals in the
_
forest.
7 The Amazon is a big _ _ _ _ _ _ in South America.
_
8 I love this book! The story is
: READ!NG 1 UNI.CCI( REAOING ANDWRITING SKILLS 1
LIFESTYLE UN IT l
'This book shows you a different lifestyle.' Daily Press
Can you imagine your life with no mobile

phones or TV? With no cars or supermarkets?
Can you imagine life in a tree house?
In her book, A Ute in the Trees, journalist Rebecca Moore travels
15,000 km from London to Papua New Guinea. In Papua New Rebecca Moore
Guinea, Rebecca meets the Kombai people. She tells thestory of
their traditional lifestyle. 'Buy this book!'
Moore lived with the Kombai women and children for three Jeffrey Rost.
Lifesf';fe
months. Kombai life is very different. They have no watches and
no cars. The Kombai get up every morning at sunrise. 'It has amazing
photographs
Kombai menhunt in the jungle. They can hunt in the jungle onevery page.·
for 12 hours. They bring meat to thevillage. The Kombai also S:mo n Higgins.
eat cucumbers, mushrooms and green bananas. The New Look
women cook.
There is no school for thechildren. Parents teach their children
the traditional lifestyle of their people.
The most important part of Kombai life is building their amazing
tree houses. The men, women and children allhelp to build a tree
house. Each house is 20m high. The stories of the Kombai
people are
- -
.,i /
·1·
t
/
/'
Price UK £10.99
U Nl t>CK lt( AOING ANO W ITING$KILLS I

WHILE READIN G
3 Read the text again and put a tick in the correct boxes. The firs t one
SCANNING TO
has been done for you as an examp le.
FIND INFORMATION
"')UNL«K Rebecca Kombai Ko mbai Kombai
(;, ONLINE
Moore men women children
l hunt animals in
I
the jungle
2 travels15,000km
3 cook
4 eat green bananas
5 have no cars
6 teach children the

traditional
lifestyle
7 build tree houses
8 tells the story

of the
traditional
• Kombai lifestyle I
Pronouns and possessive determiners
I, you, he,she, it. we and they are personal pronouns. My, your. h,is her. its and
We
theircan
areuse some pe,rscma
possessive We use(he.
l pronouns
determiners. she, it. and
possessive they) to replace
determiners beforenouns.
a noun.
You can match personal pronouns and possessive determiners to nouns to help
you understand a text.
Fcuso.! 11o.s o.. new mobUe phone.. It. [It = new mobile phone] i,s o..mo..zi.1,9.
He. [He = Faisal] t.t Se.$ i.t [it = new mobile phone] e.ve.r!I .
Ko..mUe. 11o.s o.. new c.o..r. Her c.o..r [Her car= Ka mile's car] i,s o..mo..zi,ng.
Her si-st.e.r [Her sister= Ka mile's sister] 11o.s o.. b ci.e.
' ' RfA()JN(, I UNl <.?CK READING ANO WRITING SKll LS l

LI FESTYLE U:, 1I l
4 Match sentences (1-4) to sentences (a- d).Look at the

pronouns to help you.
1 In Papua New Guinea, Rebecca meets the Kombai people.
2 The men can hunt in the jungle for 12 hours.
3 Kombai people have a very different lifestyl e.
4 The book is called A Life in the Trees.
a They bring meat to the village.
b She tells the story of their traditional lifestyle.
c ' It has amazing photographs on every page.' Simon Higgins, New Look
d They have no watches and no cars.
5 Read the text again to check your answesr.
READING 2
PREPARING TO READ
1 Write the words from the box in the correct places in the table
below. UNDERSTANDING
Use the glossary on page195 to help you. KEY VOCABULARY
evening Maths get up busy Tuesday quiet

Engineering Friday take Monday study late
Wednesday early morning relax afternoon Physics
verb adjective name of a part of the day of the

subject day week
2 Look at the timetable and the text on the next page. Write true (T) or
false (F) next to the statements (1- 3). PREVIEWING
1 The timetable is for an Engineering student.

2 The timetable and the text are from a website.
3 The text and the timetable are about Abdullah Taha.
UNLOCK REAOINGANO WIUTINGSKU,lS I READING 2 ",!

WHILE READING
Scanning to find information: keywo rds

When you scan. do not read every word ,n a text You can scan for keyw ord. s
A key word 1san important word. The underlined words1n Exercise3 are key
, words.We look for key words ,n a text to help us find the important inf ormtaio n.
SCANNING TO
FINO INFORMATION 3 Read the timetable and the text again. Circle the correct key
words to malce true sentences about Abdull.ha
1 Abdullah ...
I relaxes with friends every evening/ Thursday evening.
2 isa student in Cairo/ Riyadh.
3 says that hislife is busy/ quret.
4 has three/ five classes evecy morning.
s goes to the Camera Club I gym on Wednesday eveni .g
6 studies Maths every morning/ a ftre noo. n
7 gets uplate/ early.
8 three/ five courses at the university.
9 has Arabic Histo01dasson TuesdayI Thursday.
10 studies in the Facuft,y of Engineering/ English.
Name of student: dl,,lu//al,Tai,a

Departm en t F,uu/fj efEnqi"n een"n!J
morning
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri Sat
IHl em P1rysia Plrysia Plry.sia Plry.sia Plrysies
IOT IOI
IOI
fedMre SOH,Hv {ed,ve IOI ledu,,e
9.15- MAtJis fZT MAtJis Mlfilu fZI MdJrsTZT
fZI
MAUisfZI
10.15 am {ed,ve SOHiHAr
future
10.30-- &1Ji11UffifJ &IJU1UffifJ &IJU1UffifJ &IJinUriHJ &fJine&riHJ
11.30 am ,U{ed,ve fUseminv ,U(edu,-e 122 ,uledu,,e
afternoon
12.30--
Shu/JJ'"'I'
1.30pm
2-3pm
&,Jt.sl, IOI l.ilmuy &iJfish Anw Hisf#J
IOI 123/ai,ue
evening
5-7pm lil,,-41')' libnuy lil,,-41')' l.ib,,41')' 1«14X wii/,
f;imis
7-10pm libr41')' Camer• cluh t;ou/Jr,p 1«14X wii/,
libr41')' .f!i!,,_is
READING}
LIFESTYLE . -·
ToJlo.
Ab<iMl,lq,h ToJlo. i..s 0... swcLe.nt i.rl 0111 dM$. Thi,s i..s hi..s ti..rne.Wt.e.
Abd»-1,lq,h swcLi.e.s Enai.rle.ui.rla o.t <AiKo t.lni..ve.rsi.w. Abd»-1,lq,h to...ke.s
fwe. co1,1rs e.s. Theu o...re. P1111su-s, Mo.ti-ls, Enali-511, Enai.rle.ui.rla o.ncL
Aro..bi.c. Hi..storu. Hi,s fo..vo1,1ri,te, SCAbie.c.ts o...re. Phusu-s o.ncL Mo.ti-ls.
Abd»-1,lq,h i,s o. se.ri..oos sw cLe.nt . He. oets UP o.t b (I.Ill e.ve.r,u t iw.
He. swcLi..e.s e.ve.r11 e.ve.ni.rlo. He. hM rno..n11 ci.Mse.s. se.rni.rlo...rs o..ncL
lec.wre.s e.ve.r1,1 wed: .
Abd»-1,lq,h hM t11re.e. ci.Mse.s e.ve.ru rnorni.rlo. He. hM Pl1usi.c.s .i:..orn

g (I.Ill to (I.Ill. Mo.ti-ls frorn .15 (I.Ill to10.15(I.Ill. o..ncL Enoi.rle.ui.rlo
from 10.30 (I.Ill to11.30 (I.Ill.
On Sun..!"", he. rne.ets hi..s sw 9ro1,,12 Hi,s sw 9rou2 i..s from

12..30 ""' to 1.30 ""'· On Mon..!"" o..ncL We.cLne.sd4y, he. hM Engli-511.
Hi,s Enoti,s11 ci.Ms i,s .i:..om 2. om to 3 nm, On Thursdo'I o.ft.e.rnoon,
he. hM Aro..bi.c. Hi..storu from 2. om to 3 om.
In ti-le. e.ve.ni.rl• Abd»-1,lq,h wd,i.e.s i.rl ti-le. li,bro.ru. In hi,s fre.e. ti-me.,
Abd»-1,lq,h re.to...., e.s wi..t11 fr i..e.ncLs, So!!!eti..rne.s, AbcLvUOJ1 goe.s to ti-le.
, ; e.rno.., At>dµLW1 Lil:e.s W i<!)g_P.hoi:Qsr hs. He. i,s i-n tt,e. t.lni,vers
Co.mer" Cwb.
AbcLv ll o 11 s s _µrlk'le..r .JU-e_. i,$_y_ U) o.. _o..J.p t of

e.x o..ncL..a u 1,1t I cuw bo.v. e to re.Lo...xw i-th :fti&n<ls
@cLJ ' -
-
DISCUSSION
Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questionsbe low.
1 Do you go to university?
4 2 Do you get up late or early? ,7
3 Iys o ur lifestyle the same as o_r di_fferent from bd,ullahs.
4 Do you relaxwith friends o r family ,n the evening.
s Are you in a club?
RlAO:NC,}
UN LOCK REAOINGANOWRITING SK11.l$ l
• Collocations
A pair or small groupof words which are often used together isa co/location.
One typeof collocation is a verb + a noun or a verb + a noun phrase.
I 11 ve. breoJ::fo.st [have + breakfast]. Du-Jv.ng d.Cl'lv.ng-Hee.
pvi.<!ec ga.me.s [play + video games]. Abd..v.u.oJ.1 stv.dl.e.s l'--M.!:ns
[study + Maths].
Another type of collocation is a verb+ a prepositional phrase.
Abd..v.u.oJ.1 goes to 1:11e. ci.ne.m [goes + to the cinema]. Abd..v.u.oJ.1
st:«<.Ue.s i.l'\ 1:11e. t.ibrd.1'9 [studies + in the library). Abd..v.u.oJ.1 r e.s
wi»I f,-i.e.nd.s [relaxes + with friends).
, ') UNLOCK
V ONLINE 1 Match the sentence halves.
l Eun Jung studies a coffee for breakfast.
2 Asif gets up b Maths at
3 Melody and Ginger CambridgeUniversity. c early.
take 4 In the morning, I d to the cinema every Saturday.
have e the bus every morning.
5 My friends go
2 Read the sentences (1-10) below and write the verbs from the
box in the gaps.
do have live relax go(x2) reads has eats cooks

l I with my parents.
2 Sultan a shower at 7am every
morning. 3 You to t he gym every day.
4 My grandfather a newspaper every
morning. 5 Melody and Ginger breakfast on the bus!
6 Li Mei her lunch in the cafe.
7 Virajand Dhirendra with friends in the
evenings. 8 You your homework in the evening.
9 My siste r dinner for my
family. 10 I to bed at 11 pm.
' LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT UNLOCK REAOING ANOWRITING S1CILI.S I

LIFESTYLE uci T,
V OCABULARY FOR STUDY

3R ead the names of the subjects. Put a tick in the correct box.Use the
glossary on page195 to help you.
Arts and
subject Business Science Languages
Humanities
Maths
Physics
- Literature
English
Economics
Biology
History
Management
Arabic
Geography
Chemistry
-
Art and Design
UNLOCK REAOING AN O WRITINGSKILLS 1 LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT 1

CRITICAL THINKING
At the end of this unit. you will write facts. Look at this unit's writing task
in the box below.
Write facts about the lifestyle of a srudent in your class.
REMEMBER 1 Work with a partner. Ask and answer the quest ion s(1- 8) belo w.
1 What is your name and surname1
2 Where do you go to school/university?
3 What subjects do you study?
4 When do you get up?
S When are your
classes?
6 When do you have lunch?
7 When do you go to the library?
8 When do you relax with friends?
CREATE
2 Write your partner's answers in the timetable below.
Name ofs tu de n: t __________________
Sc ho o l / Un iv ers iry :_________________
Subjecrs: ---------------------
Day I : Day 2 : Day 3: Day 4: Day S:
morning
lw1ch
afternoon
evening
' CRITICAL THINK ING

UNLCCK R.£.AOINGANDWRITNI GSti:ILLS 1
LIFESTYLE UNI f l
WRITING
GRAMMAR FOR WRITING
ubject - Verb - Object

sentence is about a subject. The subject is a pronoun. a noun or anounphrase. The verb is after the subject in a sentence.
subject: Li, M el 11o.s L«nc.11. M !j gro..nd,f(!.tner re.0-<is o.. ne.wspo.per.

M!j sv.;ter cooks d..i,nner.
verb: Li, Mel 11o.s L«nc.11. M!j gr-o..nd,f(!.tner re.0-<is o.. ne.wspo.per. M!j
sister ccoks d..i,nner.
A sentence can have an object.The object isa pronoun, a noun or a noun

phrase. The object is after the verb.
object: Li, Mei, w..ts her L«nc.11. M!j 9 ro..nd.fo..tl1er re.0-<is o.. ne.wspo.per.
M!j si-ster cooks d..i,nner.
A prepositional phrase after a verb isllQ1an object.

Al><wLt.o..11 swc:l.i.es i.n Ule. tibro..Y!j. He. U.Ve.s i.n CA.iKo.
A pronoun, a noun or a noun phrase after isor are is llQ1an object.
Al><wLt.o..11 is o.. swd.e.nt. Mewd.!j o..nd. Ginger o..re. sw d.e.nts .
1 Read the sentences belo w. Pu t a t ick ( ) if the bold word or phraseis ? UNl«K
,( O N LIN E
anobject.
1 Kombai life is very diff erent .
2 Att ila does his homework in the morning.
3 Every morning, I have a shower.
4 Somle k stud ies M ath s.
S Ay has orange juice and co ff ee in the morning.
6 Kombai men hunt in the jungle.
7 My teacher asks questions.
8 M ilena Telak works in Coober Pedy.
2 Wo rk with apar tner. Correct the mistakesin the sentences (1- 5) below.
1 The Kombai meat eat.
2 Kombai men animals hunt .
3 Boo ks Rebecca M oore writ es.
4 Abdullahin the library readsbo oks.
5 M el ody d rinks in the m o rning coffee.
U NL« K EAOING ANOWRITING SKILLS 1 WRITI NG ,.

Present simple
We use the Present simple to talk about our typical lifestyle.
I 11(Av; e. (A; showe.r e.ve.r!j morni.ng.
If the subject of the sentence is third person and singular (e.g. he,she, it, Faisal, Kate , my cat).weadd -s to the verb
He. re.o..c:l.s books. Ko.te. U-sl:e.ns to ml.(su.. M!j c.ru; Like.s mill:.
If the verb isgo, we add -es. If the verb is have,we use has.
Ftti:octl go, bo bhe ck,u,.c,; or1 Pt'ior1d:o:g e ,e1t i>ilg, . Fa.Lso..L goes W the
@e.m<A, on MonM..!j e.ve.ni.ngs.
lf .9 ...ol=hu ho:♦es baatlc:fMI= c,:1; e " "· M!j mot.11e.r h(A,S brm f (A,S!; <kt
S o.ro.
3 Read the text. Circle the correct forms of the verbs.
No ree n(1J is/ ore a student in my class. This c>l is / ore her
timetable.
She Ill study/ studies English at university. She1•1get up I gets
up at 6 am.She(ll hove/ hos breakfast at 6.30 am. On Mondays
and Wednesdays. Noreen (6l have/ has a study group at 11 a m.
She
m hove/ hos lunch at 12.30 pm every day.She!3I study/ studies
in the lib raryfrom 3 to 6 pm. SheC9J go/ goes to the cinema
with friends on Sundays. Noreen (lO) is/ are a serious student.
Time expressions
nme expressions say when or how ofte n something happens. One type of time
expressio n is every+ a noun for time.
I re.o..c:l. (A; bool: e.ve.r!l we.ek. SJ1e. 11M £ngU,sl1 cl4.ss e.ve.r!j
Wed.ne.sM..!j oon. Th&!j footbo..U, e.ve.r!l morni.ng.
Another typeof time expression is a prepositional phrase for time. The type of
phrase that follows the preposition shows which preposition to use.
• at + clock time: 10 o.ro, 3 pm
• in + part of the day: i.n the. momi.ng, i.n 1:11e. o.,ftemoon, i.n tne. e.ve.ni.ng
• on+ day of the week: on Mo , on Tl.(e.5M.¾jS
• on + day of the week + part of the day: on MonM.¾J momi.ng, on Tl,
(fl.SM.¾j (A;ftunoon, on Fr e.vwi.ng, on $1.( r.i.gl1!;
' : WRITING UNL¢CK AEAOIN G ANO W ITIN G SKILLS l
4 Write ot.in or onin the gaps.

LIFESTYLE UN: I ;
1 Simon plays tennis

Saturday morning 8 am.
2 the evening, Abdullah studies in the library.
3 Mo nday, I have English class 2 pm.
4 I talk to my family the evening.
5 Tuesday morning, David has Maths nam.
6 Aftab goes to university Monday and Thursday.
7 I do my homework the evening.
8 My father goes to work 7 am every day.
Spelling
In the alphabet. the vowels are a. e,i. o and u.The other letters are
consonants. To make the third person singular form of averb in the Present
simple, we need to follow spelling rules.
• We add -s if the verb ends in a consonant (e.g. read reads) or a
consonant sound (e.g. write writes).
• We replace -y with -ies if the verb ends in a consonant+ -y (e.g. stu dy
studies)
• We add -es if the verb ends in a vowel(e.g. go goes)
• We add -s if the verb ends in a vowel + -y (e.g. say says)
Some verbs are irregular (e.g. have has, be is)
1 Write the third person singular form of the Present simple verb.
infinitive third person singular

'
getup
sell
go
study
pay
have
2 Put the letters in the correct order to make the names of subject s.
Use the glossary on page 19S to help you.
1 ahtms 2 snegihl M._ _ _ _ _ 5 ryshito H B. _
siphcsy . p_ ___ 6loiogy G _
regeingnine 7 grgephyoa _
UNL.OCK REAOINGANOWRITINGSKILlS 1 WRITING ''

WRITIN G TASK
"') UNl.« K
( ,. ONLINE
Write facts about the lifestyle of a student in your class.
1 Look at the timetable you made in the Critical Thinking section.

WRITE A
FIRST
D _R_AF_T _ _ , 2 Look at the sentences below and write answers in the gaps that are true
_ _
for your partner.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (student's name) is a student in my class.
This is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (his/her) timetable.
3 Write sentences that are true for your partner.

1 Write a sentence about the subject(s) he/she studies.
2 Write a sentence about the time he/she gets up.
- - E-DI
T
_
I
time.
3
4
Write four sentences about his/ her school or university timetable.
Write two sentences about his/her evenings and free
.., 4 Use the task checklist to review your sentences.
TASK CHECKLIST
Do your sentences use the Present simple to desc ribe your

partner's lifestyle?
Did you add -s to the Present simple third person?
Do your sentences say when your partner does things (e.g. in

the evening, on Monday morning, etc.)?
Did you use prepositional phrases at the beginning o r the end
of a sentence?
Does every sentence have a subject and a verb?
If a sentence has an object. is the object after the verb?
5 Make any necessary changes to your sentences.
, ' WRITING UNLOCK READINGANOWRJTINGSKlll 'S 1

LIFESTYLE UN r l
OBJECTIVES REVIEW
6 Check your objectives.
I can ...
watch and understand
a video about a mining very not very
town in Austraila well well
scan a text to find

informat ion using key very no t
very words well well
spell Present simple

very not very
third
person singular
well well
verbs
write facts very not very

well well
WORDLIST
UNIT VOCABULARY
afternoon (n) Engineering (n) morning(n)
Art (n) evening (n) Physics (n)
Biology (n) Friday (n) Science (n)
Business (n) 1.oeography (n) study (v)
cafe (n) History (n) Tuesday (n)
car (n) Humanities (n) TV (n)
Chemistry (n) late (adj) village
(n)
cook (v) Literature (n) watch (n)
different (adj) Management (n) Wednesday
(n) early (adj) Maths (n) work (nand v)
Economics (n) Monday (n)
UNLOCK RE.AOINGANOWAITING S-Klll S l W RITING 1
Watch and understand a video about France
Read for the main ideas
Academic writingskills Use capital letters for city and country names
Write facts
'
UNL<..'>CK YOUR KNOWLEDGE

1 Match the famous places (1-6) to the correct cities(a-f).
1 The Louvre a Istanbul
2 The Sphinx b Dubai
3 Taipei 101 c San Francisco
4 Palm Island d Paris
5 The Golden Gate e Taipei
Bridge 6 The Blue f Giza
Mosque
2 Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions -3) below.
1 Do you know other famous
places? 2 Where are they?
3 What are famous places in your country?
WATCH AND LISTEN
PREPARING TO WATCH
1 Write the words from the box in the gaps.
UNDERSTANDING
KEY
mountains capital city tower races cheese Tourists
VOCABULARY
visit fameus places on holiday. They

take phot ographs.
2 Michael Phelps is a famous swimmer. He wins all his _
J favourite lunch isbread, and an apple.
4 Fuji, Jebel Hafeet. n Dag1. and Kilimanjaro are famous
5 The oCfhina is
Beijing. __ _ _ in London.
USING YOUR 6 'Big Ben ' is the name of a famous dock _ _
KNOWLEDGE TO 2 You are going to watch a video about France. Before you watch, read th.e
PREDICT CONTENT quiz questions (1-5) and circle the correct answers (a-c).
3 Whichof the famous places below isin

Paris?
0 the Goloto Tower
4:1 the EiffelTower
1 Which is the French flag? 0 the Sphinx
4 Which kinds of foodbelow are famous
in Fronce?
0 hamburgers ond cheese
4:1 sausages and pizza
2 Whot is the capitol cily 0 bread and cheese
ofFrance?
5 Whichof the mountains below ore
0 Lyon in Fronce?
4:1 Marseille 0 the Alps and the Pyrenees
0 Paris 4:1 the Pyrenees and the Andes
0 the Andes ond the Urals
70 WATCH ANOllSTEN
PLACES UNIT 4
WHILE WATCHING
3 G Watch the video. Check your answers to the quiz in Exercise UNDERSTANDING
2. MAIN IDEAS
4 G Watch again. Circle the numbers you hear. LISTENING FOR
3 20 350 450 ,30 000 60.000 KEY INFORMATION
3,000
6,000,000 ,35000 ,000
S Read the sentences 0-5) below and write the circled numbers from
Exercise 4 in the gaps.
1 There are colours in the French flag.
2 There are many tourists in Paris. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ tourists visit the
Eiffel Tower every year.
3 There are works of art in the Louvre.
4 There are different kinds of bread in France.
5 There are different kinds of cheese in France.
DISCUSSION
1 What is the capital city of your country?
2 Are there many tourists in the capital city of your country?
3 What kinds of food are popular in your country?
4 Are there anymountains in your country?
UNLOCK READING.ANOWR.ITING Sl{IU.S I WATCH AND LISTEN /1

READING 1
I PREPARING TO READ
U_N_D_ERS_T._'A_N_D-_IN_G , 1 M at c h the words (1- 7) to their definit ions (a- g).
KEY VOCABULARY l explore a one part of the text of abook

2 table of contents b very old
3 chapte r c very new
4 modern d a picture that showscountries, ci t ies, ro ads.
5 discover m ou n tain s, et c.
6 ancient e part of abook that shows the order of things
7 map f to find something
g to look for someth ing
2 Read the sen tences (1- 6) bel ow and write the words from the box
in the gaps. Use the glossary on page 196 to help yo u.
rivers Lake forest Sea Ocean mountains
1 Baikal in Russia is very big and

cold. 2 There are 21di fferent countries on the
Mediterranean
3 The Pyrenees are________________betw een France and Spain.
4 There are many trees in a _
5 The Danube and the Nile are famous _
6The Pacific _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is between America and Asia.
3 Look at the texts and the picture. Read the quest ion s(1- 3) and
PREVIEWING
circle the correct answers (a-c ).
l W hat is the bo ok about?
a the history of the world
b the history o f China
c the histo ry of maps
2 The price of the book
is: a $16.75
b £16.75
C €16.7 5
3 The picture shows
a a m ode rn map of the
world b an ancient map of the
world c a photograph of the
world
READING l UNLOCK REAOING ANDWRITINGSKILLS I
PLACES UN~I •1
Feedback I HelpIClose
A World
History of
Table of contents
Maps In tr o d uction 5
by J. Armour 9
1 First maps of theworld
Add to Ba
***.*
2 The ancient world 45
2.1 Greek maps 57
2.2 Roman road maps 75
Price : from
3 China 93
£16.75
3 .1 Early maps from Qin State 97
3.2 Han Dynasty maps 111
3.3 Pei Xiu's map of Asia 125
► Table of 4 Arab maps 137
Book of the appearance of the Earth by Al- Khwarizmi 171
4 .1
contents
Introduction
Chapter 4.2 4.2 Muhammad al-ldrisi's world map 183
5 Exploring the world 197
5 .1Discovering America 241
5.2 Ribeiro's first scientific world map 255
6 M a ps and satellite photographs 273
Index 301
A World History
of Maps
by J. Armour
Add to Basket
***.*
Price : from £16.75 f' igu, c 4.3:Wo,ld Mapby Muha.mmad al-l drisi, 1154
Muhammad al-Idrisi came from Morocco. In his life, Al-Idrisi

travelled to Asia, France, England and Spain.
Al-Idrisi's map of the world is called theTabula Rogerianain
.Tableof contents Europe.The map is in Arabic.His map helped people travel from
lotroduct;on countryto country.
►Chaoter4 2 The map shows North Africa, Europe, and South and East Asia.
There are many European countries on the map. There is
Norway in the north, Spain in the west, and Italy in the
►
south.The map also showsIndia and China.
There are forests, rivers, lakes, mountains, seas and oceans
on the map. Al-Idrisi's map shows the Mediterranean Sea, the
Indian Ocean and the river Nile.
, READING ANOWRITINGSKILLS Al READING I
WHILE READING
4 Scan the table of contents. Which chapter of the book has info
SCANNING TO
rmation about the things below?
FIND
INFORMATION 1 maps by Pei Xiu
UNl.ro<
(;. ONLINE
2 maps of ancient Greece
3 maps by Al
-Khwarizmi 4 modern
maps
5 maps of ancient Rome
5 Scan the texts again and find the continents and countries that
are mentioned. Circle them in the table below.
continents countries
Asia M exico
Australia Spain
Euro pe Norway
Africa M alaysia
America China
6 Read part of Chapter 4.2. Write true (T) or false (F) next to
the statements (1- 5) below.
1 Muhammad al-ldrisi was Algerian.
2 Tabula Rogerianais the Arabic name of Al-ldrisi's map.
3 America is not on the map.
4 India is on the map.
S There are lakeson the map.
UHt.OOC READING ANO WRITINGSKILLS l

PLACES '" i T :
READING 2
PREPARING TO READ
1 Circle the wordin each group that is different. Use a
UNDERSTANDING
dictionaryto help you.
KEY VOCABULARY
1 lake river sea France
2 shop road school factory
3 ocean airport harbour train
station 4 dive drive surf swim
2 Match the words (1-4) to their definit ions(a-d). Use

adictionaryto help you.
1 currency a very good to eat or drink
2 population b money in a country
3 tourism c the number of people in a place
4 delicious d business with tourists
UNLOC:K REAOINGANOWRITIN GSKILl.S 1 READING l

3 Look at the headings in the text and the photographs. Circle the
PREVIEWING correct options (a-<).
1 I think this text comes from a book
about a the history of a country.
b the history of maps.
c information for tourists.
2 I think a traditional kind of food in theMaldives is
a rice. b fish. c beef.
3 I think a popular sport in the Maldives is
a football. b tennis. c swimming.
I
R_EA_D-IN-G- _ 4WHILE READING
Read the text . Match the topics (1- 8) below to the paragraphs (A-H)
F_O_R_
MAIN IDEAS in the text.
1 languages 5 hobb iesand sports
;") UNLOCK
2 the population
V ONLINE 6 where the Maldives are
3 a young Maldivian's home 7 traditional
4 the economy food 8 the
capitalcity
Readingfor mainideas
Many textshave paragraphs. A paragraph ispart ofa Ieng text.Each
paragraph hasonetoptc:ormain idea When we read forthemain ideas in
atext, weread each paragraph to find:
• the top,cle.g family, weather, university).
• the im t Information aboutthe topic(e.g. thenumber of brothers
and sistersa pel'$Oll has;theaverage rainfall in summer; thereasona
student wants to stJ.i(ly).
AL-l :s 1114p '!:he world. i.5 ulted.. the Tabula. Rogeri,a,na, m w:rope.
The.: 16 c.rt ArAl,i;c,. tli.5 !PIA.p helpe.d, people l:.m.vel. ft'Ol'II GOt.tn to
GOt.t
Al-ldrisrs mapisthe - Theimportant information about the t is

the name <lthemap.
DISCUSSION
S Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions (1-5) below.
1 Where is your country?
2 What is the population of your country?
3 What is the capitalcity of your country?
4 What languagesdo people speak in your
country? S What are important businesses in your
country?
UNLOCK REAOING ANO WRITING SKlll S 1

The Maldives
PLACES UNll ·1
AN OVERVIEW
FACT FILE
AThe Maldives are islands in the Indian Ocean. FULLNAME: Republic of
The islands are near Sri Lanka. The Maldives Maldives
are famous for their good climate, beautiful
POPULATION: 360,000
beaches and warm seas.
CAPITALCITY: Male
B There are 360,000 people in the Maldives.
Most people live on small islands. GEOGRAPHY: 1,190 islands
CLIMATE: good,
average
C The capital city of the Maldives is Male. It is a
modern city with an international airport and a
temperature 30 ·c
big harbour. LANGUAGES: Dhivehi and
English
D People in Male speak English and Dhivehi.
RELIGION : Islam
English is useful because many tourists come
here. CURRENCY: rufiyaa
E Tourism and fishing are the most important INDUSTRY: tourism and fishing
businesses in the M aldives. Many people
work in tourist resorts. Others work as
fishermen or in fish factories. The currency is
the rufiyaa.
I live on an island south of Male. Life on

my island is very simple. There are some
shops and one mosque. We speak
Dhivehi, but we also learn English in high
school.
The Maldives are famous
BEAUTIFUL for their fish. The most
ONE OF THE M ALDIVES'
BEACHES popular food here is
garudiya. It's a delicious
fish soup.
People in the
Maldives like to swim
and dive.
UNL« K R.£A01NGANOWRJTING SKIU,S 1 READING 2 ''

VOCABULARY FOR PLACES IN A CITY
, ") UNLOCK
V ONI.INE 1 Write the words from the box in the correct places on the picture.
museum train station university library monument

bridge bank factory park fountain
· LANGUAG£ DEVELOPMENT UNL« K REAOIN-G ANO WIUTING SKILLS 1

PLACES u,,;r"
Noun phrases with of

One type of noun phraseis a noun + of+ anoun.
Pc:..ri,s i,s tne. of FrMce.. Pc:..ri,s i,s i..n tne. untre. of tne.
I
cc c.<ntr!:!. Thi,s book i,s <U>oot tne. 11i,sf:or!:! of Ja.po..n.
2 Match the
sentencehalves.
a of the United States.
1 A World History
b of art in the Louvre.
2 The capitalcity
c of Belgui m are Dutch and
3 The dollar is the
French. d of Maps.
currency 4 The main
e of the Maldives is Male.
languages
5 There are 30.000 works
VOCABULARY FOR PLACES IN A COUNTRY

3 Writ e the words from the box in the correct places on the pictu re.
cliff farm hill desert valley mountains

beach sea fteld forest
UNL« K AEAOINGANO WRITING SKILLS 1 LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT ,
CRITICAL THINKING
At the end of this unit. you will write facts. Look at this unit's writing
task in the box below.
I Write facts about your country.
Planning
Before you write,put your sentences in a logical order. This means putting the
topics you write about in order of importance.
1 Put the topics in the box in alogicalorder. Write them in column A of the
CREATE table below.
language currency population religion food

capital city industry climate fullname geography
A ' B
the topic key words for the topic
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Classifying
Classifying meansputting words intogroups. Each group has a topic.
Classifying helps you to plan your writing.
2 Think of key words for your country. Write the key words for each
--¥1 ¥- •1 -
APPLY
topic in column B of the table above.
"'•-,m•••" '"'"',
PLACES uNI' ,;
WRITING
GRAMMAR FOR WRITING
• there is I there are

We use there is/ there are to say that something exists. We use there is
before sing ularnouns and there are before plural nouns.
singular:
Thue. i-$ n wport i,n Mm.
Thue. i-$ mosq1Ae. on Al-Ima.cl Fm's i-$La.ncl.
Thue. i-$ fo.moos br(.(i,ge. i,n s Fr cibco.
plural:
Thue. o..re. 30,000 worlcs of o..rt i,n the. Loovre..
Thue. o..re. 350 d..i,ffet'ent 1:i-ncls of c.11e.e.se..
Thue. o..re. 3b0,000 peopLe. i,n the. Mcud.i,ve.s.
1 Put the wo rds in o rder to make se nte nce s. "') UNL« k

(.. ONLINE
1 a re / in my country/ diffe re nt kind s / There / of business/ .
2 36/ languages/ in Senegal/ There / are/ .
3 airpo rts / three / modern / my city/ are/ in/ There/ .
4 Seoul/ There/ of art / museum / in / a/ is/ big/.
5 palace/ famous/ a/ There / my/ in/ city/ is / .
2 Rea d the sentences (1-8) be low. Put a tick if they are correct and a cross
if they are wrong.
1 There are many kinds of bread in Russia.
2 There is a deserts in Egypt .
3 There is many parks in London.
4 In Thailand, the re are many
islands. 5 There have many peo ple in
Jakarta . 6 There are in Ista nbul many
brid ges.
7 They are many famous monuments in Rome.
8 Is a famo us museum in my city.
3 Corre ct the wrongsentences in Exercise 2.
UNl¢<:K REAOING ANOWEUTING StCILLS I \\RITING 1

Determiners: articles
We use articles befo re a noun or before an adjective + noun. There are four
articles:a,an, theand the zero article.
We use the before the names of:
• rivers - !:tie. twu D=be., !:tie. twu Nile., !:tie. riHu ThM1es
• seas - the. North Seo., the. Me.i.i.ten-o..neo..n Seo., the. Sl.o.d: Seo.
• oceans - the. Po..ci,fi.c. Oce.o..n, the. Atlo..nti.c. Oce.o..n, the. lnd.iM Oce.o..n
• many famous places- the. Gouita Towu, the. £.t,ffet. Towu, the. Towu of
London
• ·un ited' countries - !:tie. IAnite<i Aro.I> £.mil-o..tes, the. IAnite<i Kil'lgdom,
the. IAnite<i Sta.tes of Amui.co.
• groups of islands- the. Pl1iilppmes, the. Mol.d.i,res, the. Azores
• groups of mountains - th e. Al'l<les, t.he. Alp$, the. Hi.ma.l.o.!jM
We use no article (the zero article) before the names of:

• continents - Asui.., Amui.co., £.1,1rope
• countries - £.ngla.ncl, Cl1i.n<A., T1,1rk
• cities- Abl.l Dho.b , SAAgl:ok, Sl1o.ng11o.i.
4 Read the sentences (1- 6) below and write the or O(fo r zeroarticle)in the gaps.
1 My family comes from Chile.
2 Chile is in South America.
3 We live near _ _ Pacific Ocean.
4 Andesare the highest mount ains in my country.
5 My sister lives in United States.
6 She wo rks in Chicago.
5 Correct themistakesin the sentences (1- 7) below.

1 I come from the India.
2 The Paris is popular with tourists.
3 There are many tall buildingsin the Abu Dhabi.
4 There are 3million people in the Nagoya in theJapan.
5 United Kingdom is in the
Europe. 6 Many people live in
the Cairo.
7 Ural mountainsare in Russia.
UNLOCK RE.ACI N G ANO WRITINGSK.ILLS 1

PLACES '·"''';
SPELLING AND PUNCTUATION
Capital letters
The first letter of the name of acity.the name of acountry and theadjective
for anationality is always acapital letter.
1 Look at the country names and write vowels in the gaps to make
the correct nationality names.
country nationality
China Ch n_s _
India _ nd_ n
Egypt _gypt n
Saudi Arabia s d_
The United Arab Emirates _ m_ r_ t_
Algeria _ lg_ r_ n
Japan J_ p n_s _
Thailand Th
Turkey T_ rL sh
France Fr_ nch
The United Kingdom Br_ t_s h
Canada C n_d_ n
Chile Ch_ l n
2 Correct the punctuation in the sentences (l- 5)below. Add capital lett
ers and full stops.
1 i come from abu dhabi
2 there are many beautiful fountainsin
rome 3 the climate is good in the maldives
4 there are four main islands in japan
5 chickenis very popular in malaysia
UNLOCK REAOING ANO WRITING SKll l S I WRITING

WRITING TASK
(;.
UHL« K
ONLINE I Write facts about your country.
1 Read the list of topics and key words you wrote for your country in
WRITE A FIRST
the CriticalThinking section.
DRAFT
2 Write two sentences for each topic. Use the key words to help you.
The. co..piMu of ml:! co1mtrl:I v., Be1-n9Jc:ol::. The.re. v., e1- f(I.Jl)ous muswm
i. r'1 Be1-n9Jc:ok c lled the. NG\.ti.onll..L Muswm.
The. popu!,o..lion of Tho.L14.n<l.. s 70,000,000. The.re. (I.re, mel-nl:I
!:10un9 pe.opte. i.r'I ml:! countrl:I.
3 Use the task checklist to review your sentences.
EDIT
TASK CHECKLIST
Are your sentences in a logical order?
Did you use the before the names of rivers, seas. o ceans, some countries and famousplaces?
Did you use the no article (the zero article) befo re the names of continents. some countries and cities?
Did you use there is... is before a singular noun?
Did you use there are ...is before a plural noun'
Did youbegin names for cities, countries and adjectives for nationality with acapital lett er?
- : \\RITING UNL« K READINGANOWRITING St<ILLS 1

PLACES u,1~ 1
OBJECTIVES REVIEW
S Check your ob jectives.
I can ...

a video about France very not very
well well
read fo r t he main id eas very not

well very
well
use capit al letters for

ver not very
y
city and country names we ll well

well well
WORDLIST
UNIT VOCABULARY
ch (n) bridge (n) capitalcity (n) clifffish
(n)(n)
desert
forest(n)(n)factory (n) (n)
fountain farm
I
hill(n)
(n) library (n)
river (n) road (n)
monument (n) mountain (n) museum (n)
park (n) school (n) sea (n) shop (n)
train station(n)
university (n) valley (n)
UNLOCK R(AOING ANO WRITING SKILLS l WRITING c

Watch and understand a video about Tai-chi and
Kung-fu
Reading skills Use your knowledge to understand a text
Academic writingskills Commas
• • •
UNL<.'>CK YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Write the sports from the wordbox in the correct column of the table.
Use the glossary on page197 to help you.
football judo karate tennis
martial art ball or team game
..
WATCH AND LISTEN
PREPARING TO WATCH
USING VISUALS
1 0 Watch the video. Circle the things you see.
TO PREDICT
a busy city a forest pensioners
CONTENT
morning tourists night a teacher young
men in traditional clothes young men in modern
clothesan ancient painting
UNDERSTANDING 2 Match the opposites. Usea dictionary to help you.

KEY VOCABULARY 1 mind a dangerous
2 ftt b weak
3 slow c unlit
4 busy d body
S strong e fast
6 safe f quiet
WHILE WATCHING
30 Watch again. Circle the correct answer (a-c}.
UNDERSTANDING
MAIN IDEAS 1 Why are sport and exercise popular in
China? a because team games are popular
b because health is important
c because famous people do sport and
exercise 2 Why are Tai-chi and Kung-fu popular
in China?
a because football is not popular
b because people learn Tai-chi and Kung-fu at school
c because Tai-chi and Kung-fu are part of Chinese culture
and history
88 WATCH ANOllSTE.N UNL« REM>ING ANOWRmNGSl<ILI.S 1
SPORT UNIT 5
4 G Watch again. Write words from Exercise 2 in the gaps (1-5).

UNDERSTANDING
DETAIL
po!'(AW o"+ - - To.ircni.. l<'.l.4ng fu

/ \ d.Mger s
good. for {v__ _ _ _ \fit

+@ _
G)
good. for old.
people
5 Match the people (1-4) below to a sport (a-

d). MAKING INFERENCES
1 Sara is 22. She works in an office. She a Tai-chi
works many hours. She wants to be fit and b Kung-fu
healthy. c Football
2 Dandan is15.He is fit and healthy. Helikes d Tennis
team games.
3 Jing Wei is19. She wants to be fit and
strong. 4 Andrew is 69. He wants to be
healthy.
DISCUSSION
1 Why do people do martial arts like Tai-chi?
2 Can yoube fit and healthy and not do sport? How?
UNLOCK READINGANOWRJTlNG SKIU.S 1 WATCH ANO LISTEN 39
READING 1
PREPARING TO READ
1 Match the opposites.
UNDERSTANDIN
G
KEY VOCABULARY l national a fast
2 excit ing b local
3 slow c boring
2 Write the words from the box in the gaps. Use a dictionary to help you.
player billion competitions result fan million questionnaire
l A_ _ ___ _ has nine 'O's - 1.000,000,000.

2 My favourite football _ _ _ _ _ _ is Fernando Torres.
3 Every new student writes answers to the unive rsi ty _ _ _ _ _ _
4 Ali is a fast runner. He comes first in running _
5 Jolly loves tennis. She is a big ofhgame.
6 A has six 'O's - 1,000 ,000.
7 The _ _ _ _ _ _ of Liverpo ol 's game is not very good- 7-0!
Using your knowledge

Use your knowledge of the world to ask questions before you read atext.
Questions can:
• give youareason toread
• help you understand.
USING YOUR 3 What are the top five favourite sports in the world? Write your
KNOWLEDGE TO ideasbelow.
PREDICT CONTENT l
2
3
4
5 _ _ _ _ _ _
4 Work with a partner. Compare your answers to Exercise 3.
• RE,'I.OING I
READING FOR
MAIN IDEAS
WHILE
READING
5 Read the
text.Match the
sports in the
box to the
correct
paragraphs
(1- 5).
Field hockey
Motor racing
Cricket
Tennis
Football
UNLOCK llEAOlNG
ANO WRITING Sl<ILlS
1
SPORT U NIT S
- -- •. -■ ;-;_ -
HE WORLD'S TOP FIVE FAVOURITE SPORTS

1 Weasked 1,379 people from
18 different countries:
'What is your favourite sport?'.
Here are the results of our questionnaire.

1
This isthe number one sport in the world.There

are over 3.5 billion fans! Millions of children play
football at school.It is also the most popular sport
to watch. Over 700 million people watch
theWorld Cup on television.The most popular
national teams are Brazil, A rgentina and Spain.The
most popular local teams are Manchester
United,Real Madrid and Chelsea.
2 _
Ye1sMany people are surprised but it is
true.Some people think this English game
isslow and boring. But many people think it is
fast and exciting.It is very popular in
India,Pakistan.S,i Lanka,Australia,New Zealand
and England. 2.2 billion people watch the
World Cup.
3
Another surprise!The number 3 sport in the

world is not basketball or baseball.Almost
2billion people
around the world watch and play field hockey.The best
teams are from Gennany.Australia and Korea.
4
About I billion people in the world watch or
playthis game.The most popular competitions are
theAustralian Open,the French Open.Wimbledon
and the US Open. Rafael Nadal from Spain and
Maria Sharapova from Russia are famous players.
5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Over I SOmillion people watch Fonnula I on
television. Grand Prix races take place in over 18
countries, including M alaysiaK.orea.Italy andthe
UnitedArab Emirates.Famous drivers include the
Brazilian Ayrton Senna and Britain's Lewis
Hamilton.
UNL<X K R.EAOING ANO WRITINGSXILLS 1 READING 1 91
6 Read the text again. Wr it e true (T) or false (F) next to the statements
SCANNING TO
(1- 8) below.
FIND
INFORMATION 1 Brazil has a popular cricket team.
") UNL<>Cl(
(;.ONLINE 2 There is a famous Russian tennis player in the text.
3 Ayrton Senna was fromMalaysia.
4 There are 2.2 bill ion football fans in the world.
5 The Australian Open isa tennis competition.
6 700 million people watch Formula l.
7 Some people think cricket is slow.
8 Basketball is the number 3 sport in the world.
DISCUSSION
7 Work with apartner. Ask and answer the questions (1-3) belo w.
1 What other sports are popular?
2 What are the most popular sports in your country?
3 What is your favourite sport?
READING 2
PREPARING TO READ
1 Circle the three correct answers.
SCANNING TO
PREDICT We use capital letters with
CONTENT
... a nouns
b names of people
c the first word in a
sentence d names of sports
e names of places
2 Scan the text on the opposite page quickly. Find the names of six
famous sportsmen from Brazil. Look for the capital letters to find the
names.
3 Work with apartner. Doyouknow the sportsmen in the text?
4 Match the words (1- 6) to the correct meanings (a- f).

UNDERSTANDING
KEY VOCABULARY l In total a all places
2 everywhere b a place that givesinformationto people
3 everybody c something you buy before you go on a
4 a tourist office train d the whole amount
5 do something
e all the people
online f use the internet to do someth ing
6 ticket
'--, , READING] UNLOCKA.£AOING ANO WRJTING SKIU.S 1
SPORT UNIT I
WHILE READING
s Read the text. Write (F) for football, (C) for capoeira or (MR) for motor
READING FOR
racing next to the statements below. DETAIL
1 People play it on the beach.
") UNI.OCI(
2 People do it in the park. (, ONLINE
3 You can watch it in Sao Paulo at lnterlagos Speedway.
4 People from other countriescome to Brazil to learn this sport.
5 Brazilians play this game in their free time.
6 Write words from the text in thegaps.
One of lhe most <1> sports in Brazil is football.

Many famous football <1> come from Brazil.
Another popular sport is <1> . You can see groups
of people trainin g in the <•>
(S)
is also popular in Bratil. Many famous
motor-racing < >
6
come from this country.
Sport in
Capoeira isa
popular type
of exercise.
Brazil
Watch,
learn!
Football is very important in Brazil. People play Peopledo capoeira ingroups. You
football everywhere, and everybody plays. canwatch capoeira groups in the park or
Adults and children play footba·11 1n their free in thestreet.
time. They usually play on football fields, People come from around the world to
but sometimes they play football on the Brazil to learn it. Why not learn capoeira
beach or in the street. Brazil has many when you are in Brazil?
world-famous footballers, like Pele, Kaka,
and Ronaldinho. In Motor racing is also popular. Pique!, Senna
total, there are over 13 million players and and Massa are famous Formula 1 drivers from
29,208 Brazil. Many Brazilians like motor racing and
football clubs. If you want to watch a football watch it on television. In November, youcan
match, youcanbuy tickets from any tourist watch Formula 1 Grand Prix live inSao Paulo
office. at lnterlagos Speedway. At other times of the
year, youcan watch Stock Car Brasil.
Football is not the only popular sport in Brazil. Youcanbuy tickets for motor-racing events
Capoeira is animportant part of Brazilian culture. online.
II is a mix of martial arts, exercise and music.
1
READING 2 ?
DISCUSSION
7 Work with apartner. Ask and answer the questions below.
1 What sports do people watch on TV in your
country? 2 Is it better to watch sport liveor on TV?
Why?
3 Which of these activities are good ways to
exercise? a horse riding
b doing housework
c walking
d cooking
e looking after children
f shopp ing
g swimming
UNLOCK READING ANO WR.ITINGSKILLS 1

SPORT 1_,N [T I
• Sports collocations
One type of collocation is a verb + a noun or noun phrase. Use the verbs pla
d,o y
and go with nouns for sport and exe rcise.
Usedo with martial arts andsport or exercise you do alone.
I d.o K.l(ng-f\A. We, d.o e-l<erci-5e, for one, no r e.verH morning.
Mei, d.oes 1((1.1",ue..
Use play with team games and sports with a ball.

I footl,(I..(!. We, vo!¼!b(I..(!. Hi.rosh s bo..se.l>(I..(!.
Usego with -ing nouns.
I go ski.mg. We, go swimming. Fo.i,soJ. goes running.
") UNL« K
1 Write t he verbs from the box in the gaps. Use the glossary on page197 (,, ONLINE
to he lp you understand the words in bo ld.
do plays (x2) goes play (x3) go (x2} do
Many childre n d.o karate.

2 We basketball every Sunday.
3 Agata and Ursula jogging on the beach .
4 Ginger squash at lunch times.
S Philip football for the university team
.
6 Children in Pakista n _ _ _ cric ket in their free time.
7 ( exercise three times a week.
8 Peo ple in my country baseball at school.
9 Everybody swimming in su mmer.
10 My family horse riding every Sunday.
• Prepositions
The words in,on and at are examples of prepositions.We use prepositions with
particular nouns.
Ad.lAlts o.nci cl1i.u:lre11 ,footboJ.L in tl1eu free, ti.me,.
Th s <AL41 on ,footboJ1, fi.w!s, b«t. sometin>es t:n footbo.U.
on the, beo..cl1 or in the, strm.
People, d..o Cll.p()W'(l. in groops.
We, wcudi footbo.U. on tete.vi6ion.
We h(l.ve, o..nuv,ci.Ls on oor fo.m,.
UNL« IC REAOINGANOWRITINGSKtllS 1 LANGUAGE 0£VELOPM£NT l
2 Write the prepositions in or on in the gaps.
1 Rugby is a popular sport Australia.
2 You play rugby a field called a 'pitch'.
3 Millions of fans watch the Rugby World Cup television.
4 Fans can watch football or cricket astadium.
S Children play tennis the street in summer.
6 Iris goes horse riding a farm.
3 Write the nouns in bold in Exercise 2in the correct column below.
on+ noun in+ noun
• Adjectives
Adjectives describe qualities. Write adjectives:
• before a noun, e.g.good. c.tunm, pop!,(W sport., fo.n,oos er.
• after is/are(not). e.g. FootbaJ.t i.$ e.>Cci.ti.ng. Tenn s i.$ pop!,(W m m9 coonb-9.
Cri.c:l:et ers o.re. t.
4 Write the adjectives in the box next to the correct opposites.
unknown soft boring safe unpopular easy cheap
hard
exciting
dangerous
expensive
diffi cult
popular
famous
' SPOR
UNLCCK R.EAOING AN OW A.ITING SKILLS1
CRITICAL
THINKING
T ,,NIT\
At the end of this unit, you will write facts.Look at this unit's writ ing task
in the box below.
Write facts about a popular sport in your country.
help youremember new vocabulary and new information. Anideasmap of Reading1 The World's top five sports is b
REMEMBER
UNWCK RE.401NG ANC> WAITING SKllLS 1 CRITICAL THINKING
-
C_RE_A_EJ-_ -----------1-,
1
,.....- -3.5 bn fo-ns Form1,11A 1

1
motcr r<I.W'\9
ns i.n ln<W., PoJ::ihw..n, A1,1stro.l.w.., New Zeruo-nd..,

£n91.a.nd..
WOO ,4'h • P"'""·Ooare ;do,s map of Ro, d;og 2Spo,t fa '"""
Watch. play. learn!.
2 Use the ideas map checklist to check your ideas map.
IDEAS MAP CHECKLIST
Does your ideas map have three sports?
Are there key words/numbers next to each sport?
Do the names of people and places have capital letters?
Can you use the ideas map to remember the main id eas of
the text?
Does your ideas map have different colours?
3 Look at the ideas maps of other students in the class.
' CRtT,K '\l TH IN KING
UNlcX.I( READING ANOWRITING SKILLS 1

SPORT UcJI,i
WRITING
WRITING
djective
subject. The subject is a pronoun. a noun or anounphrase. Write the verb after the subject in a sentence. Write a noun. a nounphr
adjective after the verb om/is/are(not).

Noun or noun phrase: M!! f(U}ter i.s o.. MG.tor. M!j si.sw i.s o..
sui.oos st«d-e.nt;.
Adjective: Tet.evi.si.on i.s boring. F<>otbo..U. i.s exciwlg.
Ku.ng-fu i.s dA.nger()(.(S.
1 Circle the option that is true for you or your country. 4")UNl.«K
(.. ONLINE
1 I om/ om not abig fan of sports.
2 Kung-fu is/ is not p opula r in my
country. 3 I think football is exciting/
boring.
4 I think motor racing is safe/ dangerous.
5 Tickets for football are cheap/ expensive in my country.
6 It is easy/ difficult to buy tickets for football in my country.
7 Horse riding is I is not expensive in my country.
2 Put the words in order to make a sentence.

1 is/ . / in/ Russia / Ice hockey/ popular
2 Japan/ in/ . / a/ baseball player/ is/ Minoru Iwata/ famous
3 not/ ./ popular/ is/ Basketball / country/ in/ my
4 cheap/ are/ Tickets/ for football f..
5 . / It / tickets/ buy/ fortennis/ to/ difficult / is
Subject - Verb - Adverb

Adverbs can say when (time) or where (place) something happens. Prepositional phrases can be
an adverb.
time: Fo..i.siu plAys Wlni.s on W . RoJ>e.o.. goes swi.mmi.ng m
the iwenmg.
place: ChiUlren pl.o..!J footbo..U. i¥I the sum. I go rc.tnni.ng i.n the -
UNL.X:K REAOIN G AN O WRITIN G SKILLS 1

3 Underline the prepositional phrases in the sentences below .
1 I play tennis on Monday and Wednesday.
2 In summe,rwe go horse riding.
3 I watch Arsenal football club in the stadium.
4 Children go ice skating on the lake.
S Many people play volleyball on the beach.
6 I do judo on Sunday evening.
7 In winter, we go skiing.
8 Ahmed goes surfing in the morning.
4 Write (T) for time or (P) for place next to the prepositional
phrases in Exercise 3.
5 Correct the sentences.

1 People play tennis on the park.
2 Football games are in Wednesday evening.
3 Children play football in the beach.
4 On spring,we play baseball.
S I do exercise in Monday.
Commas
Write commas(,) in a sentence. Commas separate parts of a sentence or
things in alist. Use acomma:
• after aprepositional phrase at the beginning of asentence
• between two nouns in a list.
In summer, we. 90 swi.mmi-ng. In tl,e, e.veni-ngs, I wo..1:c.11 TV.
F<l.i,siu s fool:.b , te.nni.s, bMl:e.l:b mc:l bMeb . He. goe.s to tl,e,
99m on MonM-9, We.c:lne.sM-9, The.<rsM-9 mc:l So..t!ArM-9.
UNl..OCK READING ANO WRITING SKILLS 1

SPORT U'< l ',
1 Correct the punctuation in the sentences. (1-S). Add capital

letters, commas and full stops.
l ayrton senna was a famous driverfrom
brazil 2 in winter the children go ice skating
3 in summer we go swimming in the river
4 in may june july and august we play baseball
5 john does karate in the park
SPELLING
2 Put the letters in the correct order to make the names of sports. Use
the glossary on page 197 to help you.
l oftoblal f _
2 sekbatallb b _
3 insnte
4 yehcko h
5 selbalba b. _
l Put the lette rs in the correct order to make the names of countries.
l ketury T
2 iatwan T
3 inach
4 pajan J
5 razibl B
6 ilehc
7 ostuh okera s
8 edtinu baar irmetsae u
UNLOCt:< READING ANDWRITING SKILLS I

WRITIN G TASK
") UN L«IC
(., ONLINE Write facts about a popular sport in your co'Ulltry.
PLAN 1 Look at the examples of ideas maps in the Critical thinking section.
Make an ideas map for a popular sport in your country.
2 Write answers that are true for you in the gaps.

WRITE A FIRST
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (name of sport) is very popular in
DRAFT
I _
(your country).
3 Write sentences that are true for your sport.
l Write a sentence about the people that like the sport
(e.g. young people, old people,men, women).
2 Write a sentence about the places people do the sport
(e.g. ina stadium, in o park, on thebeach).
3 Write a sentence about the times people do the sport
(e.g.in summer,in winter, inJuly).
4 Writ e a sentence about famous sportsmen or women in your sport.
S Write a sentence about the number of fans for your sport .
6 Write a sentence about the places you can see your sport.
EDIT
I 7 Write a sentence about the price of tickets for your sport
(e.g. expensive, cheap).
4 Use the task chec klist to review your sentences.
Do your sentences describea popular spo rt in my country?
Does every sentence have a subject and a verb?
Is there an adjective, a noun or a noun phrase after the verb

am/is/are?
Do names of people and countries begin with a capita l lette r?
Is there a comma after a prepositional phrase for time at the

beginning of a sentence?
W RITIN G UNL« K R.£AOING AN D WRITINGSKILLS 1

SPORT UNITS
S Make any necessary changes to your sentences.
OBJECTIVES REVIEW
I can ...
a video about Tai-chi not very
very
and Kung-fu well well
use my knowledge
to understand a text very not
well very
well
use commas very not very

well well

well well
WORDLIST
UNITVOCABULARY
baseball (n)
basketball (n)
I famous
fan(n)
(adj) national (adj)
online (adj)
boring(adj) ho rse player (n)
cheap (adj) riding(n) ice rugby (n)
competition skating(n) squash (n)
(n) exciting jogging (n) team game
(adj) exercise judo (n) (n) tennis (n)
(n) karate (n) ticket (n)
expensive (adj) martial art (n)
UNLOCK RE.AOIN G ANO WRITNI GSKILLS I

Watch and understand a video about the
Watch and listen dabbawallas
of Mumbai
Reading skills Read a text for detail
Academic writing skills Use contractions

Writing task Write sentences
Read the sentences (1-5) below and write the jobs from the box in the
gaps. Use a dictionary to help you.
architect manager software

engineer nurse primary school
teacher
l A manages people.
2 An designs buildings.
3 A looks after people in
a hospital.
4 A manages software.
5 A teaches young children.
WATCH AND LISTEN
PREPARING TO WATCH
1 Write the words in the gaps. Use the glossary on page198 to help you.
UNDERSTANDING
KEY VOCABULARY
symbol cook deliver lunch kitchen paint
1 My brother is a .He makes good food.

2 Children pictures of houses. their mother and
their father.
3 I have a2tpm. I eat with my family.
4 Postmen letters to houses and
offices. 5 This is an example of a :•
6There are five rooms in my house. This room ismy _ _ _ _ _ _
WHILE WATCHING
20 Watch the video about the 'dabbawallaso·f Mumbai and circle
UNDERSTANDING
the correct options (a-c).
MAIN IDEAS
1 Mumbai is
a a busy
city. b a
quiet city. c
asmall city.
2 Dabbawallas deliver
lunch a to schools.
b to offices.
c tohomes.
3 Dabbawallas deliver food
by a train andbicycle.
b bicycle only.
c car and motorbike.
106 WATCH ANDLISTEN UNLOCK REAOINGANOWI\JTINGS KILLS 1

JOBS t_;Nl. 6
3 0 Watch again and circle the correct words in the notes below.
LISTENING FOR
KEY INFORMATION
Uo..$
0 co daJ,bQ.1,J(JJJ,as I workers
llas p1Ah L1,mcl1e.s i.n ti,ffi,n MS Ti,,ffi,n MSm b«s I train sw.ti-on D(l.bb1A.Wo.Uo..$ <•> write. names I paint sym
A.Wo.Uo..$ i.n M1.<mbo..i,
DISCUSSION
4 Work with apartner, Ask and answer the questions below.
1 Is the dabbawallas' job easy or difficult?
2 Do people deliver food to offices and homes in your country?
What kind of food do they deliver?
UNl<>CK READING ANDWRffiNG5"1LLS 1 WJ\lCH ANDLISTEN
READING l
--P-REV--IEW--IN_G
I PREPARING
1 TOWhere
Look at the texts. READare they from? Circle the correct answer (a-c).
a a website for tourists c a website for food and drink

b a website for jobs
2 Match the sentences. Usea dictionary to help you understand the
UNDERSTANDING
words in bold.
KEY VOCABULARY
1 My mother teaches at a university. a His salary is $120,000 a year.
2 Faisal is an employer. b She has a lot of experience.
3 My sister is a good software c She trains teachers.
engineer. d His company has 200
4 Pankaj is an architect in Los workers.
Angeles.
3 Read the sentences (1-6) below and write the words from the box
in the gaps. Use the glossary on page 198 to help you.
full-time fit part-time healthy friendly fluent

1 Fruit is _
2 Daria runs every morning. She is very _
3 Meryem speaks Turkish and English.
4 I have a job. I work two hours after school.
5 Osman is a popular student - he is very _ _ _ _ _ _
6 I have a _ _ _ _ _ _ job. I work from Monday to Friday.
WHILEREADING
4 Scan the texts. Write words from the texts in the gaps.
SCANNING TO
FIND INFORMATION text A texts textC
•
1 What is the job? (1) pi!c!-, (2.)
2 Which country is the job in?
(3) (4) Jo.po..n
3 Who is the employer? ki.to.l1iros11i.mo. Pri.mCU'!j Scl1ool.

Reaji, Hospi.W (5)
4 What is the salary? CNY1(:,,800 pu roontn ((:,) (7)
5 Is the job full-time

(FT) or part - tim e (Pl)? FT PT (g)
RE.\DING1 UHLQCK REAOIN G AND WRITING SKILI.S 1
JOBS L" I ,.
@ Find_my _job
.com GET HELP!
a - UPLOAD.YOUR CV
f' YOUR SEARCH

ARE A<S): Medicine Renji Hospital
J OB(S) : Renji Hospital is part of Shanghai Jiao Tong
University School of Medicine. We train and
B Email me jobs like
teach doctors and nurses.
this RSSFeeds
Wearelooking for a nurse to work at the hospital
LOCATION Q China }
SALARY FROM a t:trt. i
and train student nurses. You have to work ear1y
morn ings andlate nights.
SALARY TO a ff;/ _J Applicants must have 10 years· experience.
They must also speak fluent Chinese and
English.
SALARY: CNY 16,800 per month
TYPE: Full-time Qnc lud ing weekends)
f' YOUR SEARCH

AREA<S): Aviation FlyHig.b air transport company
JOB(S): Pilot FlyHigh is a small company in Mumbai. We
B Email me jobs Jike this provide privateair transport in Asia.
RSSFe Weare looking for a pilot. All our pilots are friendly
eds
LOCATION
a
India i and speak English, Hindi and Urdu.
SALARY FROM /,rrf Q Applicants must have 2 years' experience. You have
J SALARY TO to work weekends. You must be fit and healthy.
Q M/ J SALARY: INR 200,000per journey
Bl TYPE: Part-time
f' YOUR SEARCH
AREA(S): Education Kitahiroshima Primary School
JOB(S), Teacher Kitahiroshima is a private English school. Our
IS?l Email me jobs like this staff are friendly and interested in teaching
RSS Fe e children.
ds
a We are looking for a Maths teacher to teach
grades 1- 3.
LOCATION JAAl!I'! i
Q Applicants must have a university education.
SALARY FROM
M/
J They must speak English.
i
SALARY ro a Any SALARY: JPY 320,000per month
TYPE: Full- time
UNLOCK REAOINGANOWRmNG$KILL$ 1 READING1 1
Reading for detail
Reading for detail means checking that you understand a text. One
way of checking for detail isto follow thesteps below:
• Ask aquestion (e.g. Renji Hospital trains nurses - is this trueor false?')
• Scan thetext to find key wordsand sentences (e.g. Renji,train,nurses,
doctors)
• Read that sentence to find thecorrect answer.(e.g. We train and teach
doctors and nurses.)
READING FOR DETAIL S Read the texts again. Write true (T) or false (F) next to the
statements (1- 6) below.
,") UNL«K
v ONUNE 1 The pilot at FlyHigh must speak three language.s
2 The teacher at Kitahiroshima Primary School has to teach grade
12. 3 The nurse at Renji Hospital must have 10 years' e xperience.
' 4 Teachers at Kitahiroshima Primary School are friendly.
5 Pilots at FlyHigh have to work nights.
6 The nurse at Ren ji Hosp it al must speak two languages.
READING BETWEEN THE LINES

6 Read the texts again and underline the words from the box
WORKING OUT
MEANING FROM
below. location applicant education
CONTEXT
medicine
7 Read the definitions (1-4) below and write the words from the box
in Exercise 6 in the gaps.
1 :asicnthat doctors and nurses study
2 :teaching and learning
3 :aplace
4 :aperson that wants a job
DISCUSSION
8 Work with apartner. Ask and answer the questions below.
1 What jobs do people in your family
do? 2 Doyouhaveajob?Why/Whynot'
3 Where can you find information about jobs?
4 Which jobs are the most difficult? Why?
READING I UNt.OCK READING ANO WRITING SKILl S 1
)08S UNI l6
READING 2
PREPARING TO READ
1 Read the sentences (1-7) below and write the words and phrases
from the box in the gaps.Use a dictionary to help you. UNDERSTANDING
KEY VOCABULARY
soon fitness instruct or great apply
long hours gym link
1 Tetris is a computer game. I play it every

day. 2 This is an example of a : www.cambridge.org
3 You are going to read three texts _
4 Thousands of people foarjowith
Google every day.
5 Yunis is a i Liverpool. He teaches people
exercise.
6 Doctors andnurses work . They start work early
and they finish late.
7 Phuong likes doing exercise. She goes to the every
morning.
WHILE READING
2 Scan the texts on the next page. Write the correct jobs in the gaps. SCANNING TO
1 The email to <;ag is about a job as a _ FIND INFORMATION
2The email to Erik is about a job as a _
") UNLOCK
3 The email to Daria is about a job as a _ (,,ONLINE
3 Scan the texts again. Write the correct city or town in the gaps.
1 Thejo b for <;ag is in _ _ _ _ ____ ___ ____
_
2 Thejo b for Erik is in
3 The job for Daria is in
4 Scan the texts again. Write the correct number(s) in the gaps.
1 Daria must teach grades to _
2 There are students in a fitness class at the gym.
3 The salary for Erik's jo b is ( pmrn.
5 Read the texts again. Write (C) for <;ag, (E) for Erik or (D) for Daria next
to the statements (1-5) below. READING FOR
DETAIL
1 He/She must be good with people.
2 He/She has to be fluent in three language.s
3 He/She must have two years' experience.
4 He/She has to get up early.
5 He/She must work longhours.
UNL OCK R£AONI G ANO WRITING SKILLSI READING 2 11
a c_evgi"°1l'nal,oom
k...Lb10010yahoo.oom
Interesting jobfor you!
QaQ!
I have found a great job for you.It's for a full-time frtness instructor. The jobis at
David Allen's IrishGymin Manchester.
You have toget upearly in the morning. There are12students in each group.
You have to be very friendly andgood wtth people. The wages are very good -
they pay
£28anhour. Youdon't have to work onFriday or Saturday.
I think you'll like this job. Here's the link: www.ukjobs.eo.uk/Rtness-instructor
Apply soon!
Karel
Erik,
I have found a greatjob for you. It'sin Oslo-here's the
link:wwwitcompnm,org/jobs I know thiscompany.
The job is for a software engineer. It's full-time. They pay.£4,150 per month!
You must have a university degree(in computer science!) and you have to have
2years' experience. It alsosays that you must speak Norwegian. You don't have to
speak fluent Norwegian - so it'sOK for you.
Please apply soon!
Love,
Momx
akhrorova..dasha4!>hotmall.com olly _murgatroyd gmail.com

Do you want a job In a great country?
Dear Daria,
I hope you're well. I have a great job for you. I think you'll like it - it's in South Korea! I know you love Korean movies, especially movies with Cha T
The job is in Yeonggwang. It's a small town in the south of the country.
The job is at a high school. You have to teach English and French to grades 10 to 12. You speak fluent English and French (and Russian!)
You don't have to speak Korean so this is a great Job for you. You have to work long
hours. But you are a very serious teacher. I know you work hard. Here's the link: www.skoreaiobs,com/Educatjon/HS/Languages Goo
READIN G 2 UNL<>CtC R.E.AOING AND WRITING SKILLS 1

JOBS UN IT 6
DISCUSSION
6 Work with apartner. Ask and answer me quesrions below.
l What jobs are popular with young people in your
country? 2 What job(s) would you like to do?
3 What job(s) would you not like to do?
VOCABULARY FORJOBS
1 Make sentences about jobs. Write the verb phrases from the box in
; ") UNL<>Cl<
the correct places in column B of the table. V ONLINE
prepares food builds houses makes movies

looks after animals looks after money gives people
medicine looks after passengers putsout fires
manages people
I
A B C
. Job activities locations
s
l A
vet
2 A manager
3 A doctor
4 A builder in towns and cities.
5 An accountant in a company.
6 A chef
7 A fireman in townsand cities.
8 A flight attendant
9 An actor plays a character
10 A film director in different countries.
2 Write the prepositional phrases from the box in the correct places in
column C of the table. Remember to write the full stop.
in hospital. in a movie. in farms and

zoos. in an office. in a
restaurant. ona plane.
UNL( >CK' REAOINGANOWRITING SKIU,S 1
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMEN T 1
Adjective phrases
An adjective phrase describes the subjec t of the se nte nce . The adjective phrase is after a form of the ve
One type of adjective phrase is very• an adjective.

Pi.lots ho..ve. l:o be. Ve.I'!:! i.nte.U¼e.nt.. N«rse.s m«st be. Ve.I'!:! l:i.nd..
Ano ther type of adjective phrase is an adjective + and + an adjective.
Pi.lots lllf.4$t. be. fit, o.nd, huU,11!:I, N«rse.s ho.,ve. l:o be. l:i.nd. (I.I\«, h L.
Another type of adjective phrase is good at • a noun or good with • a noun.
Pi.lots ho..ve. l:o be. 9ood. o.t, Mo.t,hs. N«rse.s m«st be. good. wi.t:n pecpl,e,.
3 Read the sentences{1- 10) and circle the best words and phrases.
1 A fireman has to be smart I fit and strong.
2 A primary school teacher has to be good with food / kind and patient.
3 A fireman doesn't have to be good with people I fit andhealthy.
4 A doctor must be very intelligent I very fit and strong.
5 A nu rse does n't have to be good with computers/ good with people.
6 A software engineer has to be good at Maths / kind and patient.
7 A flight attendant has to be polite and friend ly / creative.
8 A film d irec to r must be very creative I politeond frien dly.
9 An actor doesn't have to be beautiful I creative.
10 A chef has to be goad with food / smart.
CRITICAL THINKING
At the end of this unit, you will wr ite se nte nce s. Look at th is u nit's writing
I Write a description of a job for a friend.
Questionnaires
A questionnaire isa list of questions. We usequestionnaires to discover new
Information.
One kind of questionnaire is a Likert scale. In a Ukert scale, you read a
statement
then circle the answer that istrue for you.
1 CRITICAL THINKING UNL<i'Ck READING ANO WRITING SKILLS1

JOBS UNIT c,
1 Read the statements and circle the answer that is true for you.
1 = strongly disagree
2 =disagree
3 = neither agree nor disagree
4 =agree
5 = strongly agree
1 I am very healthy. 7 I am very

smart.
l 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
2 I am fit and strong. 8 I am good at Maths.

l 2 3 4 5 l 2 3 4 5
3 I am good with people. 9 I am very creative.

1 2 3 4 5 l 2 3 4 5
4 I am very patient. 10 I am good with computers.

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
5 I am kind and helpful. 11 I am good with animals.

l 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
6 I am good with I am good at foreign languages.

children. 1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
2 Work with a partner. Read your partner's answers to the

questionnaire. APPLY
Choose the best job for your partner from the box below.
manager software engineer doctor

teacher actor fitness
instructor vet
UNLOCK R.E.AOING ANOWRITING SKILLS 1 CRITICAL THINKING, I '
WRITING
GRAMMAR FOR WRITING
must and have to

We can use must + infinitive or have to + infinitive to say that something is necessary.
Doci:ors n,1,1st, be. inteW,gent. Doc.t-Ors ho.ve to be inteW,gent. Doc.tors

n,1,1s t, ho.ve o. 900<L ed..CAG<A.ti.on. Doc.tors ho..ve. to ho..ve. o. 900<L
ed..CAG<A.ti.on.
We use must + infinitive for /, you,he, she,it, we and they.We never use must to
+ infinitive.
J, 11cuse iliCcJb be be ki:..., d:: ocad:, l.etp f uct. A nlAtse. mtA.st be kind., o..nd..
helpfv.L.
We use have to + infinitive for /,you, we and they.
Mo..no.gers ho..ve. t-0 be. good, wi.U1 pe.opt.e.. Th h o.ve.to l>e. good. wi.U1
pe.opt.e..
We use has to + infinitive for he.she and it.
A mo..no.ger ho.s to be. goO<L wi.U1 peopLe.. He ho.s to l>e. 900<L wi.U1 peopte..
") UNI.OCl<
(, ONLINE
1 Correct the mistakes in the sent ences (1-8) below.
1 A bu ilder musts be strong
andhealthy. 2 Fireman have wo rk long
hours.
3 A manager have to be help ful.
4 Teachersmust patient.
5 A software engineer must to be good at Maths.
6 Vets have good with animals.
7 An architect must to creative.
8 An actor must to play a character in a movie.
have to
We can use do not have to/ does not have to + infinitive to say that something
is not necessary.
We use do not have to + infinitive for /, you. we and they.
Ac.tors d,o not ho..ve. to l>e. 9000. wi,U, compv.ters.
We use doesnot have to + infinitive for he. she and it.
A fU.m <ii.re.ct-Or Mesnot ho.ve. to l>e good, o.t, Mc,.t,hs.
We do llQ1use must not + infinitive to say that something is not necessary.
I • WRITING UNL«K R.EAOING ANO WAITING Stell.LS l

JOBS UNIT 6
2 Put the words in order to make sentences.

1 does/ have/ houses/ build / to/ An/ not/ architect/ .
2 and/ manager/ to/ A/ not/ does/ be/ patient/ kind/ have/ .
3 computers/ have/ be/ not/ do/ with / Nurses/ to/ good/ .

4 smart/ be/ Acto rs / not/ have/ do/ to/ .
S A/ teacher/ French / have/ good / Maths/ be/ at/ not/

does/ to/.
6 strong/ doctor/ A/ does/ have/ be/ to/ not/ .
• Joining sentences with and

Asentence always has a subject and a verb. We use and to join two sentences
that have the same subject and verb. We do not have to repeat the subject and
verb if it is the same in beth sentences.
Sentences land 2:
YotA l'l ve. to be. ve.i-M fri.e.n . YotA l'l ve. to be. good. wW1 pe.opt.e..
Join sentences1and 2 wit h and: •

YOtA h ve. to be. ve.i-M fri,e.n o..nd. MOlA h ve. to be. good. wW1 pe.op.
Do not repeat the same subject and verb:•

YotA h ve. to be. Ve.l'M fri.e.n o..nd. g o« h .o co be good, wW1 pe.opt.e..
New sentence: •
3 Jo in each pair of sentence s (l-4) below to make one sentence with and.
1 Applica nts must be smart. Applicants must be polite .
2 You do not have to be fit. You do not have to be strong.
3 Firemenhave to be fit. Firemen have to be healthy.
4 Daria has to teach English. Daria has to teach Fre nch.
UNL«K kEAOING ANC> WAITING St<ll,LS I WRITING

PUN CTU ATION
Contractions
We can join two words with anapostrophe ('). The jo ined wordiscalled a
contraction.
I (1.,11> d.oci:or. I'm d.oci:or.

Phi¼> s <A-n engixle.er. Pl1Ui,p's nengi,ne.er.
Theii Me o..Ychi,te.c.ts.Theire C1Xci1i,te.c.ts.
One kind of contraction is do notdon't and does notdoesn't.
Yo1,1 d,o not h ve, to be goO<L M s. Yo1,1 d.on't h ve, to be
good, M ths.
She d.oes not h ve, to be, strong. She d.oesn't ho.ve, to be strong.
We do not usually usecontractions in academic writing. We can use contractions
in emails to friends.
Rewrit e the sentences below (1- 5)with no contractions.

I'm very happy.
Daria's a serio us t eacher .
3 Hamdan 's a good friend
4 I hope you're well.
5 You don't have to work on Friday.
I WRITING UNLOCK REAOINGANDWR.lTINGSKll.lS 1
I Write a description of a job

WRITING TASK for a friend
')UNLc:>CK
1 Look at your partner'sanswers to the quest io nnaire in WRITE A FIRST
JOSS UN T 6
the Critical Thinking section. Write inform ation about a
DRAFT
job for your partner in the email below.
Dear _ _ _ _ _ (write your partner's name),

_
I hope you're well. I have a great job for you. I think you'll like it - It's in
__ _ _____ _ _ _ (write the name of country)!
The job is in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (write the name of the
c ity /tow It _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
n. ) _ _ _ _
( writea sentence to describe the city).

The job is for a _ _ _ _ _
__ _ _ _ _ (write thename of
the job). It's (writefull-timeor part-time). The
salary is (writethe salary) per month.
(Write sentences about the job. Use!11.l.!.fil and have to

with adjective phrases.)
Here's the link:
www.discoverjobs4yo.cuom Good luck!
_____ ____ _ _ (write your name)
UNLOCK R£A0 1NGANO WIUftNG SKlll S 1 \" JRITING , I
EDIT
I 2 Use the task checklist to review your sentences.
Do your sentences use adjecti ve phrases to describe a job
appl icant ?
TASK
Do yo Do your sentences use contractions?
something
Do your 3 Make any necessary changes to your sentences.
somet
OBJECTIVES REVIEW
I can ...
watch andunderstand
a video about the not very
very
dabbawallas of well
well
Mumbai
very not very

read a text for detail well
well
very not very

use contract ion s well
well
very not very

writ e sent ences well
well
WRITING UNL<?CK READINGANO WRITINGSKll,I.S 1

JOBS Ul'J' I
WORDLIST
UNIT VOCABULARY
bicycle (n)healthy (adj)medicine (n)
building(n)hospital (n)nurse (n)
cook(n)kitchen(n)paint (v)
friendly (adj)lunch (n)software (n)
great (adj)manager(n)soon(adv)
UNL« K REAOINGANOWRITINGSKILLS 1
Watch and understand a video about
Shanghai
Readingskills Use visuals to predict the content of a text
Academic writing skills Double the consonant in one-syllable words

J,QMES AND BUILDING-S UNIT7
.....' ··.·. - .....

·:;...· .,. ...-: -.-·..... : .... .·
l
_ .
u .;:
' -: .-: . .
-,,.-
..· - . .
.·-·
:-·.. -- -
I -
··----.....
UN L<'.>CK YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions below.
1 Do you live in a house or an apartment?
2 Do youlike tallbuildings? Why/ Why not?
J Are there any tall buildings in your city?
WATCH AND LISTEN
II
f ff
.-· J -
l
\.
' •
i.' : I .....1 i-, - .
"
"J I S'??. Y. ffXY I . I j , !' , ,· ' \ - ,:_,•_ '. · • • , .
I
u -'. ··.- , -· _
1/C
- -. -
I. -- .- '.i . _ II H • · .l,
\V :'/; - - _ •- d..
,
· ·• ',rf.
·- -.\-•, -
""'
: -.- It :
.-'
i
,;:".:·': . l, ,,r r,t ···
- ,,
I
, ·, - · !i:ll.
e
I_ ,
•
_l! u _- 2 1. ' - . 'j ,'j'
' I_
1 · . _
7
1 ' . i ci- : L , : · '•
\ .. .
.
E.. - ... , . f,
KNOWLEDGE TO
USING YOUR
PREDICT CONTENT
PREPARING TO WATCH
1 You are going to watch a video about Shanghai. Before you watch. circle
the correct options (a-c).

b a busy city in China.
l Shanghai is
c a bigcity in Vietnam.
a the
2 Today. the population of Shanghai is
capitalcity of a 8 million.
b 14 million.
c 23million.
China
3 Thepopulation of Shanghai today is
a smaller than in 1990.

bc bigger
the same 1990.
thanasinin1990.
4 Today, Shanghai needs more
a omes. b
offices. c
h jobs.
HO M ESAND BUILDIN GS e,NI r ;
2 Check the meanings of the words in the table below. Use the glossary on
page 198 to help you. UNDERSTANDING
KEY VOCABULARY
A 8
see hear
swimming pool
restaurants
shopping mall
traffic
park
offices
leisure centre
shop
lights
apartments
3 0 Watch the video withno sound. Puta tick( ) next to things

USING VISUALS TO
you incolumn A in the table.
PREDICT CONTENT
WHILE WATCHING
4 g Watch the video with sound. Check your answers to Exercise 1. UNDERSTANDING
S G Watch again. Put a tick { ) next to things you he.ar in column 8. MAIN IDEAS
LISTENING FOR KEY

INFORMATION
DISCUSSION
1 Is your city bigger or smaller than Shanghai?
2 Is your city busier or quieter than Shanghai?
3 Is therea shopping mall or leisure centre near your home?
UNl.«K READING ANOWlUTJNG Sl<JLLS 1 \VATCH ANDLISTEN

READING 1
PREPARING TO READ
1 Write the words from the box in the correct places in the table below.
UNDERSTANDING
Use the glossary on page 198 to help you. For some words, more than
KEY VOCABULARY
one
answer is p ossible.
rooftallglassplasticnarrowgardenceiling wallwindowmetalroommirror
things inside a things outside adjectives materials

house a house to describe
a
house
graphs or tables. Newspapers and magazines have a lot of photographs. You can use thephotographs t
2 Circle the phrases (a-d) to make statements you agree with .

USING VISUALS TO
PREDICT I think the buildings in the photos are
CONTENT
a creative. c environmentally friendly.
b not expensive. d in the same cit y.
WHILE READING
3 Read the text and tick the boxes in the table below.
SCANNING TO
FIND windows has a small
INFORMATION rooms
are different garden on are
shapes has glass the roof narrow
Japanese steep
roof house
Vietnamese
'garden ho me'
,
I
READING UNL«K REAOIN G ANO WRITIN G SKILLS I
I
HOMES AND BUILDINGS u;,111 I
Architect's World EXPERT

IN TERVIEW
e. He has been at theschool for 30 years.There have been many chanegs in home design in the last 30 years.This wee k, Mic
Architec'ts World: What AW: What do you think about AW: What are popular
are your favourite home 'green· homes? buildingmaterials?
designs?
MC: It isveryimportant tobuildhouses MC: WOOd isverypopular.
Michael Chan: I like that areenvironmentally friendly. My It keeps your house warm
Japanese designs. Many favourite green house is inS8igon. inwinter. Many architects
people in Japan bufldhouses Vietnam. It isa·garden use wooo, metal andglass.
withunusual shapes. For home·<seephotocentre above). Sometimes they use unusual
example, thesteep roof Thishouse isin themiddle ofa busy buildingmaterials. For
house<see photoabove). citybut there areplants everywhere. From example, one arehitect from
Thishouse isverytalland has thestreet, people see a tallgarden. Amsterdam putmirrors on
asteeproof. The windows Butin fact it isa house. Thereareplants every wallof the house (See
on the roof are different andtrees infront of theglass photoabove). Otherarehitects
shapes and sizes.Inside walls.Thereis alsoa smallgardenon designhouses withglassor
thehouse, the rooms topof theroof. Youcan put chairsanda evenplastic walls.
areverynarrowandthe table there and enjoytea withyour
ceilingsareveryhigh. ttissimple family.
andverysmallinside.
4 Read the interview again. Write true (T) or false (F) next to READING FOR
the statements (1- 6) below. DETAIL
?UHLoa<
1 Professor Chan's favourite home designs are (;. ONLINE
Korean. 2 Steep roof houses are small and narrow
inside.
3 Professor Chan says it isimportant to build more homes in Vietnam.
4 The 'garden home' is in the centre of
abigcity. S Woodis more popular than plastic .
6 In Amsterdam,many architects put mirrors on the walls.
UNLOCK READING ANO WRITINGSKILLS I
READING 2
1 PREPARING TO READ
P_RE_V-tE_W_t_N_G _, 1 Look at the text and the picture.Read the sentences (1-3) below and
circle the correct words.
1 The text is from a/an dictionary/ encyclopedia.
2 'Skyscraper· is a word for a famous actor I tall building.
3 The texthas facts for tourists/ students.
2 Read the sentences (1- 5)below and write the words from the box in
UNDERSTANDING
the gaps.Use the glossary on page198 to help you.
KEY VOCABULARY
world-famous open modern floor lift
1 The shops atam in the morning.

1 Some________________buildings are very unusual.
2 There is a nice restaurant on the second _ _ _ _ _ _
3 You can take a tthtoptfhbuilding.
S The Eiffel Tower is _ _ _ _ _ _
WHILE READING
3 Scan the text. Write words from the text in the gaps in the table below.
SCANNING TO
FINDINFORMATION
Shanghai
"') UNLCCIC World Financial Taipei101 BurjKhalifa
(;.ONLINE
Center
country China Taiwan UAE

(\)
city Shanghai Taipei
height (m) (l) (l) 829
year 2008 2004 2010
numbe r of (<)
101 163
floors
number of lifts (S)
61 57
cost (USO) 850,000,000 (6) 1,500,000,000
UNL<X:K R.E.AOIN G ANO WRITINGSKILLS I
R.£ADING 1
HOMES AND BUILDINGS UN IT I
I Skyscrapers
What are skyscrapers?
Skyscrapers are very tall buildings. They areusually more than 300 metres tall.
You can see skyscrapers in cities around the world. Many countries build
skyscrapers to attract tourists. There aremany skyscrapers in Asia, theGulf,
America andEurope. Inside a skyscraper, there are offices, shops, restaurants
and apartments.
What are some famous skyscrapers?

The Empire State Building in New York is a world-famous skyscraper. It has twomillion visitors
every year. It is popular with tourists but there are taller and more modem skyscrapers in the
Gulf and in Asia. TheShanghai World Financial Center in China, Taipei 101 in Taiwan and
the Burj Khalifa in Duba,i the UAE, are taller than the Empire StateBuilding. The Burj Khalifa
is taller than the World Financial Center and Taipei 101. Taipei101is taller than the World
Financial Center.
TheBurj Khalffa is also more modern than theother two buildings. It opened in 2010.
How much money do skyscrapers cost?

Skyscrapers are very expensive. They cost more money than other
buildings. The BurjKhafifa cost$1,500,000.000 tobuild. It was more
expenSive than the World Financial Center ($850.000 ,000 ) but it was
cheaper than Taipei 101.
Taipei 101 cost $1,760 ,000,000.
What is inside
a skyscraper?
The Burj Khalifa has 163 floors.
This is more thanTaipei 101 or
the World Financial Center. They
have 101 floors each. All
skyscrapers havelifts. Taipei 101
hasmore lifts than the BurjKhailfa
or the World Financial Center. It
has61 lifts.
The Burj Khalifa has 57 liftsbut
the World Financial Center has
only 31. Many skyscrapers also
have shopping centres or malls
inside them. A lot of people come
shopping everyday.
Shanghai World Taipei 101 Burj Khalifa

Financial (2004) 509 m (2010) 829 m
Center (2008)
492 m
UN.LOCK f:t OING ANDWRITINGSKILLS I READING 2 ,,
Pronouns
You can match pronouns to nouns to help you understand a text.
Sl::!jSc.ro..pe.rs ueve.r!l W.U bv.i..Ld,i,ngs. Thf-!! [They= Skyscrapers] ue
1AS1Aa!¼l more tl1o.n 300 m W.U.
Tue, Empi.re, StoJ;e, &1ALlAi.n9 i,n New Yori:: i,s o.. worLl:l-fo..moos Sl::!jsc.ro..pe.r.
I t [It = The Empire State Building] 11o..s two mUUon vi-si.t-Ors e.Ve.l'!j !je.o..r.
UNDERSTANDING 4 Match the buildings in the box to the pronouns in boldin the
DISCOURSE sentences (1-4) below.
Shanghai World Financial Center Taipei101 Burj Khalifa
1 It was mo re expensive than the Shanghai World Financial

Center ($850,000,000) or the Burj Khalifa ($1,500.000.000).
2 It opened in 2010.
3 They have 101 floors
each. 4 It has 61lifts.
VOCABULARY FOR BUILDINGS
"') UNL«lC
(, ONLINE 1 Read the sentences (1- 8) below and write the words from the
box in the gaps.
cinema ice rink Library museum Hotel

mall Stadium train station
l There are over 140 different shops in the Al Wahda _

i Abu Dhabi.
2 In Wembley i London, 90.000 fans can watch
football.
3 The lzmailovo _ _ _ _ _ _ in Moscow has 2,000 rooms you can
stay in.
4 You can watch 3D movies at the i thWestfield
shopping centre in London.
5 More trains and passengers go to the Gare du N _
ord i Paris than to King's Cross station in
London.
6 You can see many treasures and famous paintings at the Louvre
i Paris.
7 In winter, you can skate at the outside the
Rockefeller Center in New York.
8 There are over 30,000,000 books in the National of
Cha. in
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT UHL R.E,AOING ANO WRITING SKILLS I

HOMES AND BUILDINGS UNI r I
VOCABULARY FOR PARTS OF BUILDINGS

2 Read the sentences (1-S) and circle the correct words. Usea dictionary to
help you.
1 You can leave your car in the garden/ car pork.
2 You can ride on the escalator/ stairs to the next
floor. 3 You go into a building through the entrance/
exit.
4 You can up the escalator/ stairs to the next floor.
wakl
5 Youmust go to the entrance/ exit to get out if there is a fire.
ADJECTIVES
3 Match the adjectives (1-6) to their opposites (a- f).
1 big a ugly
2 wide b cheap
3 tradit ional c narrow
4 old d small
5 expensive e modern
6 beautiful f new
UNLOCK RE.AOI N G ANO WRITING SKIL.lS I LANGUAGE 0£.VELOPM[NT l:,l
CRITICAL THINKING
At the end of this unit, you will write a comparison. Look at this
unit's writing task in the box below.
J Writea comparison of two buildings.

Comparison of data
Data are facts or information about something. Data are often numbers.
If we compare the facts orinformation about two or more things. we make a
comparison of data.
1 Read the data in Table 7.1belo w. Write the words from the box
UNDERSTAND in the gaps (1- 3).
size year location
Table 7.1:Comparison of shopping malls
Country Metro Istanbul SM Mall of

name
Club Plaza Centre Cevahir Asia
The
country USA UK Turkey
Phiilppines
(1) Kansas City Gatesnead Istanbul Manila
(2) 1922 1986 2005 2006
lll 223,000m 2 194J,00m 2 420,000m2 407,1012m
number 1 2 6 6
of floors
number of 92 340 343 780

shops
number of 48 25 48 300
restaurants
number of 12 12 12 11
cinemas
UNL<XK READING ANO WRITING SIClll S 1

HOMES AND BUILDINGS U·, T I
2 Work with apartner. Choose two shopping malls from Table 7.1. Ask and
answer the questio ns 0- 8). Write your answers on the lines belo w. ANALYZE
1 Which mall is more modern?
2 Wh ich mallis older?
3 Which mallisbigger?
4 Wh ich mall is smaller?
S Which mallis taller?
6 Which mall has more shops?
7 Which mallhas more restaurant s?
8 Which mall has more cinemas?
UNLOCK REAOIN GANOWAITING S.KlllS 1 CRITICAL THIN KING

WRITING
GRAMMAR FOR WRITING

ng quantities
mpare quantities with more + a noun or a noun phrase + than.This phrase comes after the subject and the verb.
101 11M more. li,fts tha.n the. S11a.ngl1o.i, World. Fi-na.ncio..l. Cenw. Sl::gscr e.rs cost more. mon tha.n otl1e.r 1
..i!ovo Hotel i,n Moscow ho.:; more. rooms tha.n the. HUton Ne.w Yori::.
") UN LOCK
(.. ONLINE 1 Put the words and phrases in order to make sentences.
1 The Burj Khalifa / more/ floors/ Taipei 101/ has/ than/ .
2 visito rs/ than/ has/The Louvre museum/ the British Museum/ more/.
3 more/ than/ TheIstanbul Cevahir /the SM Mall of Asia/has/ cinemas/.
4 has/TheSM Mall of Asia/ restaurants/ than/more/ the Metro Centre/.
5 shops/ has/The Metro Centre/ than/ theCountry Club Plaza/ more/.
WRITING UNLOCK READING ANO WRITING SKILLS I

HOMESANDBUILDINGS UN ll I
ctives
e forms when we make comp arisons. We use syllables to choose the correct form. A syllable is a word or part of a word with one vow
Adjectives with oneor two syllables: small.old,wide.narrow. quiet

Weadd -(e)r + than.
It s smo.lLer l:n«.n Tlti.pei, 101. It i,:; ol.d,e.r l:n«.n l:ne. Metro Centre.. It s wi-
<:le.r l:n«.n o.. !:\jpi.c.oJ. Jo..p«.ne.se. 110!.<se.. YotAr room s no..rrow e.r l:n«.n mH
room. MH town s qtA l:n«.n Loncion.
Adjectives with two syllables that end in aconsonant + -y:ugly, busy

Add -ier (we replace -y with -,) + than.
Thi,:; 1101:cl s tAglut l:n«.n l:no..t 1101:cl. S11o.ngl1 s l>!.<SW l:n«.n
Kiu\SM Ci,!:\j.
Adjectives with two or more syllables: expensive. beautiful. modern

We usemore + adject ive + than.
The. BtArj 1<11,ili,fo.. s more. mO<ie.rn l:no.n tl1e. £mp e. Sto..!;e, B!.<Ud.i.ng.
TIA.i.pei, 101 i,:; more. e.><pwswe. l:no.n l:ne. B!.<rj Khlili,fo... SM McuL of As
s more. mod,e,rn l:n«.n tl1e. Metro Cwl:re..
2 Correct the mistakesin the sentences (1-8) below.

The Louvre museum is popular the British M useum.
The SM Mall of Asia is moreof modern the Istanbul Cevahir.
The Country Club Plaza is more small the Istanbul Cevahir.
Modern buildings is uglyer that traditional buildings.
S The SM Mall of Asia taller the Metro Centre. 6 Wood ismore expensive that plastic.
This street is many narrow than the main road.
New York is more busy than Kansas Cit y.
UNL OCK READING ANO WRITING SKIU.S 1 WRITING '

Joining sentences with but
A sentence always has a subject and a verb. Usebut to join two sentences that
have a different subject.
Sentences 1and 2:
ToJ,pei, 101 i-s wt.. The. Burj Khcili,f i,s to..Uer tno.n To.i,pei, 101.
Join sentences1and 2 with but:

'
ToJ,pei, 101 i.s wt. wt the. Burj Khcili,f i,s to..Uer tno.n ToJ,pei, 101.
'
Do not repeat than + noun phrase after a comparison:
To.i,pei, 101 i.s ta.il but tne. B1,1rj Kh(ili,f i.s Wle.l 1::h . "N:i:yci 101.
New sentence:
ToJ,pei, 101 i.s ta.il wt '
tne. Burj Khcili,f i.s t-1.1.U.er.
3 Join each pair of sentences below to make one sentence with bu t.

1 The Metro Centre has more floors than the Country Club Plaza. The Country Club Plaza
has more restaurants than the Metro Centre.
2 The Istanbul Cevahir has more cinemas than the SM Mall of

Asia. The SM Mall of Asia has more shops than the Ist anbul
Cevahir.
3 The Metro Centre is more modern than the Country Club Plaza.
The Country Club Plaza is bigger than the Metro Centre.
4 The SM Mall of Asia is bigger than the Country Club Plaza. The
Country Club Plaza is older than the SM Mall of Asia.
' 1 WRITING UNLOCK A.EA()IN G ANO WRITING $Kill $ 1

HOMES AND BUILDINGS ucJlf 1
Spelling: double consonants

Vowels are the letters a. e.i, o andu. The other letters in the alphabet are
consonants: b, c ,d, f. etc. We sometimes repeat a consonant in somecomparative
adjectives and some verb forms. If we repeat aconsonant. we double it.
We double the consonant if:
• the wordhas one syllable
• the last two letters of the word are a vowel+ aconsonant
• the last consonant isnot -y.
comparative adjectives: big bigger, , tl1u-1 t:hu-1ner
the -ing forms of some verbs: swi,m swi-mmi-ng, r!An r!Annl-l'lg,
shop shoppu-19
1 Read the text below and correct the underlined words. Correct the
spelling and/or add any missingcapital letters.
What are mals?

Malls are big buildings for shooing. They are
near big cities. Sometimes they are inside
skyscrapers. Many cities have more than one
mall. Mallshave restorants and sinemas. The
restaraunts are!2ise!
than restrants in the city.Some malls also have gyms
and swiming oools.
The country club plaza in kansas cjty inthe

united was the first mallin the world. It
is popular
today but thereare Qige.[malls in america. europe.
the9l.!!f and a§ia.
UNL«K A£A01NG ANOWAITING SXILLS 1

WRITING TASK
(,
UNI.OCK
ONLINE
I Write a comparison of two buildings.
--W-RI-TE-A 1 Choose two shopping malls from Table 7.1 in the Critical Thinking section.
F-IR-ST --
D_R_AFT
2 Wri te sentences on the topics below.
1 Write the names of your malls.
2 Write the location of your malls.
3 Compare the age of your malls.
4 Compare the size of your malls.
5 Compare the number of floors in your malls.
6 Compare the number of shops in your malls.
7 Compare the number of restaurant s in your malls.
JI 8 Compare the number of cinemasin your malls.
3 Use the task checklist to review your sent ences.
EDIT
TASK CHECKLIST
Did you compare two malls?
Do your sentences have than after acomparative adjective?
Do your comparativeadjectives with oneor two syllables end

(e)r?
Do your comparative adjectives with onesyllable that end in a vowel + a consonant have double consonants?
Do your comparative adjectives with two syllables have more +

adjective + than?
Do your sentences which compare quantities have a subject and

verb+ more+ a noun or a noun phrase + than?
4 Makeany necessary changes to your sent ences.

WRITING UNL«K READING AN O WRrTING S!CILLS I
HOMES AND BUILDINGS LNI' '
OBJECTIVES REVIEW
5 Check yourobject
ives.
I can ...
watch and understand a very not very

video about Shanghai well well
not very
use visuals to predict
the
content of a text very
well well
double the consonant

in one-syllable words very not
well very
well
write a comparison very
well not
very
well
WORDLIST
UNIT VOCABULARY
apartment (n) park(n)
ceiling (n) plastic (n)
floor (= level of a building) restaurant (n)
(n) garden (n) roof (n)
glass(n) roo m
leisure centre (n) shop
(n) lift (n) (n)
light (n) shopping mall
mirror (n) (n) swimming
modern (adj) pool (n) tall{adj)
office(n) traffic (n)
open (v) wall (n)
, window(n)
UNL« K READING ANO WlllTING \'WRITING
SKll.l$ I
Watch and understand a video about food in Mexico
Reading skills Skim
Academic writingskills Spell adjectives for food and drink

UNlc.")(K YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions (1-3) below.
1 What is your favourite food?
2 What food is popular in your country?
3 What food is traditional in your country?
WATCH AND LISTEN
PREPARING TO WATCH
1 Match the nouns to the definitions. Use the photos and the glossary
UNDERSTANDING
on page199 to help you.
KEY
VOCABULARY
1 chef a a sweet, brown food
2 market b aplace where you can buy and eat food
3 restaurant c a place where people buy or sell things
4 chocolate d someone whose job is to cook food
2 Read the sentences {1-4) below and write the nouns from Exercise 1
in the gaps.
1 My clad is a .Hmakes delicious pi
zzas. 2 I like eating _
3 There is a new i mtown. You can eat Mexican
food there.
4 I go to the every day to buy fruit and vegetables.
WHILE WATCHING
3 0 You are goingto watch a video about Mexican food. Watch the
UNDERSTANDING
whole video.read the statements {1-6) below and write true (T) or
MAIN IDEAS
false (F).
1 Chocolate comes from Mexico.
2 Martha Ortiz isa chef.
3 Martha isopeninga new shop.
4 Victor Zapatero is a chef.
5 Mole is a sauce from Argentina.
6 Martha puts chocolate in the mole sauce.
142 WATCH ANOLISTEN UNL«IC READING ANDWRffiNGSKll.l.S I

FOOD AND CULTURE UN IT 8
4 0 Watch the video again. Answer the questions.

LISTENING FOR KEY
1 Where is Mexico? INFORMATION
2 What is Mexico famous for?
3 What is the biggest city in Mexico?
4 What is very important to the people of Mexico?
5 0 Watch the whole video again. Choose the correct answers (a, b or c).
1 Martha Ortiz lives in _ _ .
a Mexico City b c Monterrey
Guadalajara
2 Martha is going to .
a a clothes shop b the supermarket c amarket
3 Martha what she wants.
a doesn't find b finds c can't find
DISCUSSION
6 Work with apartner. Ask and answer the questions
below. l What food do youusually eat with your
family?
2 Can you cook? What food do you enjoy cooking?
3 What different restaurants are there in your town? Do you go to
any of them? Which is your favourite?
UNLOCK READINGANDWR.ITING S.Klll.S 1
READING 1
PREPARING TO READ
1 Look at the texts and the photographs on the opposit e page. Circle
PREVIEWING
the correct options.
1 The three texts are from the same book/ di fferent books.
2 The photographs are of the same/ different countries.
UNDERSTANDING
I 3 The texts come from aninternational/ Asian history of tea.
2 Write the words from the box in the gaps. Use a dictionary to help
KEY VOCABULARY
you. leaves prepare guests tastes pull pour
1 Chocolate_______________very
kettle good.
2 In London, the fall from the treesin autumn.
3 Can I_______________some orange juice?
4 Many Japanese chefs can_______________sushi.
5 You have to_______________the door to openit, not push!
6 I make hot water in an electric _ _ _ _ _ _ _
7 There are five________________for my birt hday dinner this evening.
WHILE READING
Skimming
If youlook for themain topic andidea of a text, you are skimming. When you
skim,
donotread every word. Read the nouns, verbs. adjectives and question
3 Read the blue words in the texts. Write true (T) or false (F) next to
SKIMMING
the statements below.
,"')UHLOO< 1 The texts compare tea and
VONLINE
coffee. 2 Tea is popular in many
countr ies. 3 There is one kind of
tea.
4 Every count ry prepares and drinks tea in a different way.
SCANNING TO
4 Scan the t ext . Write the names of the correct countries from the
FIND
texts in the gaps.
INFORMATION
1 People in________________drink teh tarik.
2 In _ _ _ _ _ _ _• people prepare tea in a samovar.
3 People prepare tea for many hours in
4Some people in _ _ _ _ _ _ drink tea with sugar or jam.
_
5 People preparetea with two kettles in _ _ _ _ _ _ _
6 Touristslike watching tea sellers prepare tea in _ _ _ _ _ _ _
UNlOCK READNI G ANO WR.ITINGSl(Jll S l
FOODANDCULTURE UNITS
Tea: A World History

by A. Capp er
INTRODUCTION: THE WORLD IN A TEACUP

Tea is tasty and good for you. It is also one of the most popular drinks around the
world. But what is tea? And why is it so popular?
All tea comes from tea leaves but tea is not always the same. There are many
kinds of tea. You can drink black tea, green tea, white tea or fruit tea. Each
type of tea has a different taste and a different colour.
The history of tea begins in Asia. In China, Korea

and Japan, tea is still very important today. In
Japan, it can take many hours to prepare and drink
tea with your guests. In Malaysia, a popular drink at
breakfast is teh tarik ('pulled tea'). Malaysians say it
is good for youand tastes good with canai bread.
Tourists in Kuala Lumpur like watching the tea
sellers make 'pulled tea'. The tea sellers pour hot
water on black tea. After five minutes, they add
sugar and milk. Then they 'pull' the tea - they pour
the tea from one cup to another many times.
In many countries, you must have a special kettle to make tea.

People in different countries also like to add different things
to their tea. For example, Russiansuse a special kettlecalled
a samovar. They like drinking tea with lemon. Sometimes,
they also drink tea with some sugar or jam.
In Turkey, tea comes in a
Caydan/,k. A Caydanl,k has two
kett les: one for the water and one
for the tea. Drink Turkish tea with
some sugar.
Arab tea, called karak, has cardamon,

ginger, milk and sugar. In the United
Kingdom, they add some milk and
sugar.
The British usually eat biscuits with
their tea. In Japan, they like...
UNLt>CK REAOING AN DWRITINGSKll lS l READING 1 1 )

DISCUSSION
5 Work with a p artn er. Ask and answer the quest ions (1- 3) below.
1 Do you prefer tea or coffee7
2 How do peo pl e drink tea in your country? (e.g. with sugar? wi th m ilk?)
3 Do you have a favourite cold drink? (e.g. Cola)
READING 2
PREPARING TO READ
1 Look at the text and the photographs on the opp osite page. Circle the
PREVIEWING
correct optio n.
I 1 The text is from a website for tourists I students.
2 The text is abou t di ff eren t kinds of food / things to do in Melbourne.
2 Match the words in the box to the correct photographs (1-4). Use the
UNDERSTANDING
glossary on page199 to help you.
KEY
VOCABULARY rice pineapple mushroom cabbage
2 _ 3
4 _
_
l Wr i te t he words andphrases from the box in the gaps. Use the glossary
on page 199 to help you.
is served in dish is served with cuisine serves
1 A waiter _ _ _ _ _ _ food and drink in a restaurant.

2 Tea milk in the UK.
3 Tea_________________a glass in Russia.
4 Green curry is a famous _ _ _ _ _ from Thailand.
_
5 Vegetables and rice are popular in Indian _ _ _ _ _ _
I WHILE READING
S_C_A_N_N_I_N_G_T_O 4 Scan the text. Write true (T) or fa lse (F) next to the statements (1- 7)below.
FIND INFORMATION 1 The diff erent cuisinesare in alphabetical order.

2 Sharwarma is a fish dish.
?UNL«l< 3 Amok trey is an Australian dish.
(,ONLINE
4 Kangaroo meat ispopular in Aust ralian
restaurants. 5 Pineapple is popular in Arab cuisine.
6 There are different kinds of kabsa.
7 Arab food isserved withmushrooms and cabbage.
UNLOCK R£AOING ANDWRITING SKILLS 1
FOOD AND CULTURE UNII :l
Melbourne/StudentGuide
U,\i,"'III I M Cl:1GW1·!- ■
1 - -
Arab cuisine
--
-- - .............. At an Arab restaurant, you can find delicious
lamb, chicken and beef dishes. Twopopular
-
dishes are sha,warma and kabsa. Sha,warma
-
is a savoury meat dish.The meat is served in
OF · .100 pita bread with tomato and cucumber. Kabsa is
-
popular in many
THE Middle Eastern countries but it is very popular in
9!-.N
whfM
BEST BY
--
KONoatto.u!M
-
CUISINE Mo
xk:ao'lcuhlnt
Melbourne isabig city.

Wehave cuisine from all
over the wMd. Try some!
Saudi Arabia. good for you. Kangaroo burgers areserved in white
Kabsa is a bread. Australian restaurants also serve great fish
rice,meat and and other ...
vegetable dish. Bftadmom
There aremany
different ways to
prepare kabsa. British cuisineO
Falafel is ...
Cambodian cuisine
At a Cambodian restaurant, there is a lot of fruit.
You can find mangoes, melons and pineapples.
Australian cuisine
Cambodians also like fish with riceor noodles.
If you are in Cambodian dishes are served with a lot of
Australia, you must vegetable.sMushrooms and cabbage are very
try a crocodile or popular in Cambodian cuisine. One famous
kangaroo dish! dish is amok trey.Cambodians prepare amok
Many Australian trey with fish, nuts, coconut milk and egg.
restaurants serve Another dishIs ...
crocodile curry. Beadmom
Crocodile meat is
tasty and very good
for you (it is better
that you eat
crocodile than a
crocodile eats you!).
Kangaroo meat is UNLOCK REAOING ANO WRITING Skit.LS 1 REA01NG 2 :/
also
READING FOR
I 5 Read the text and answer the questio ns.
DETAIL 1 Where is kabsa a very popular dish?
2 Which dish(es) is/are served in bread?
3 Which kind(s) of meat is/are healthy?
4 Which cuisine(s)has/have rice dishes?
5 Which cuisine(s) has/have fish dishes'
DISCUSSIO N
1 What is your favourite meal: breakfast, lunch or dinner?
Why? 2 What food don't youlike? Why?
3 What is the national food in your country?
4 Do young and old people ear different kinds of food in your
country? Why/ Whynot?
-·1£1•111@...., UNLOCK AEAOINGANOWAITING SKILLS I
FOOD AND CULTURE UN IT 8
") UN
VOCABULARY FOR FOOD AND DRINK (.. ONLINE
1 Write the words from the box under the correct

photographs. Use a dictionaryto help you.
potatoes dates milk honey onion chillis

spices butter almonds yoghurt water eoconut
... '
2 _ _ _ _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ 4
_ _ _
5 _ _
_
_ _ 6 7 s _
_
9
10 - - - - - 11
12 ------
-
UHLOCK READING ANO WAITING SKlllS 1 LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT 1 :9

Countable and uncountable nouns
Countable nouns can have a singular or a plural form and a singular or plural verb.
Thi.5 o.wt.e. i6 green. Some. o.wl.% tlXe. re.<l. Th s <il.611 i.5 popv.w i,n
Chi.no.,. MAA!j Chi,ne.se. <ilshe.s tlXe. se.rved, wi.l:11 ri.u.
Uncountable nouns have a singular form and a singular verb.They do not have
a plural form or verb.
Fi.511 i,s good. for yw. n.,he, ""'e good., fo, gooc.
Ri,ce. i,s se.rve.<l wi.l:11 mo.,n!l lni:Uo..n <ilshe.s. R:i:ce, o:te ,ei ,ed, ooi,l,h "'""''9
1,,o::::tcb, fultCJ.
2 Read the sentences (1-12) below. Put a tick ( ) if they are correct and a
cross (X) if they are wrong.
1 Honeys are sweet.
2 Onions are popular in European
cuisine. 3 Milks are good for children.
4 Chillis are spicy.
5 Dates are served with coffee in Saudi Arabia.
6 Potatoes are in many kinds of soup.
7 Spices taste good in food.
8 Butters are served with bread.
9 Yoghurts are served with many Middle Eastern
dishes. 10 Coconuts have milk.
11 Almonds are popular in sweet dishes
12 Waters are served in a glass.
3 Correct the wrong sentences in Exercise 2.
CRITICAL THINKING
UNDERSTAND At the end of this unit, you will write descriptive sentences . Look at this
I
---------,unit's writing task in the box below.
Write about food in your country for a student website.
Brainstorming
If youplanor create ideas in a group you are brainstorming.Students can work1n small groups to create a li
CRITICAL THINKING UNLOCK RE.AOING ANOWRITINGSKIU S l

FOOD AND CULTURE '.JNIr
1 look at thenotes made by a group of French students. Answer

the questions.
1 What is the topic?
2 What does C mean?
3 What does UC mean?
'
2 Read the text and write the words from the notes in Exercise
1in the gaps. APPLY
At a French restaurant, you can find many different

kinds of soup and sauce. Meat and fish dishes are
very popular. French cuisine is also famous for its
· -
10
different kinds of bread and cheese. Two popular
a 121. _
-
- -......
..._
OF BY
BEST ...... dishesare
-- --
Steak frites is a delicious meat dish. It is beef served
THE
--
CUISINE
Melboumtisabigcity.
with
<3l
• It is also served with
hollandaise sauce. French chefs prepare

We h.a'leculslne fromallover
ll'tew ortd. Tl')'somc! hollandaise sauce with eggs, 14> ,lemon juice
and t5l • Creme brO/ee is a sweet
dish.
Chefs prepare it with eggs, t6t and
sugar .. .
Beadmoce
3 Work in small groups. Brainstorm the food in two popular dishes

from your country.
4 Look at your notes. Write C next to countable nouns and UC next

to uncountable nouns.Use a dictionary to help you.
UNL<:>CK RE.AOING ANC> WAITING SKILLS 1 CRITICAL THINKING '',
WRITING
GRAMMAR FOR WRITING
• Sub ject - Verb agreement

A sentence must havea subject and a verb. The subject can be singular or
plural. The verb must agree with the subject.
Use a singular verb form with a singular subject and a plural verb form
with a plural subject.
singular: Thi,s chwi i,s ha.pP!j. It i,s pop!A!.G..r d.i-sh. Vt,e,l;n«.me$e. wi-si-1\e.
1,1se.s e,oe,on1,1t mUJ::.
plural: The. chiUre.n o..re. ha.pP!j. They o..re. p<>p(,11.G..r cUshe.s. Asuui
wi,si-1\e.s 1,1se. =n1,1t mUJ::.
Remember: uncountable nouns must havea singular verb form (see Language
Development, page150).
") UNL«k
(, ONLINE 1 Circle the correct verb form.
1 Turkish chefs prepareJ prepares small dishes called meze .
2 Emirati cuisine useJ uses a lot of
fish. 3 A famous dish in Japan isJ
ore sushi.
4 Fish is/ ore popular in many restaurants in Ist anbul.
5 Chinese food is / are served with rice and vegetable.s
6 Two popular rice dishes in Thailand is I are called 'khao mok
kai' and 'khao na pet'.
2 Read the sentences (1- 6) below. Put a tick ( ) if they are correct
and a cross ()() if they are wrong. Use a dictionary to help you.
1 Egyptian restaurants serves falafel with cucumber
sauce. 2 Hummus is served with bread.
3 Nigerian chefs prepares pepper soup with fish or
meat. 4 Hamburgers is served in bread.
5 Pineapples and mangoes are
sweet. 6 French onion soup are
delicious.
3 Correct the wrong sentences in Exercise 2.
UNLOC-K R.E.AOING ANOWRITINGSKILLS 1

FOOD AND CULTURE UNll S
Determiners: a, an and some

Articles are a. an. the and 'the zero article'. Write articles before a noun or
nounphrase.
Use the articles a/ an before a singular countable noun.Do not use a/ an
before anuncountable noun.Use a before aconsonant sound. Use an before
a vowel sound.
A fo.moos d..i.sh from I s r sotto . Amok tre\! $ o.. pop«to..r
Co.mbo<li.o.n d..i.sh.
JMmb o.. i..s o..n Ameri,c,o..n <Ll,sh. An o.ppl,e i,s served. wi!n !:hi..s fuh.
.lnttt tt honeg bo t:t,e d:eoh. Engri,h pee pbc eb.Cirk bu:: wi:blt tt ma:k.
AU hone\! to the, fu h. £n9Li-sh pe-opl.e <Lrink tee.. wi!n mUk.
You canuse some before:

• a plural countable noun
• anuncountable noun.
Some means 'more than one' before acountable noun. Som e means ·a (small)
part of' before anuncountable noun.
Some- d U6 o.re, served. wi!n !:he, <Z,Offee.. Che.fs pre.po.re, !:he, fuh wi!n
some, lemons.
AU some, hone\! to !:he, d..i.sh. £n9Li-sh people d.ri.nl: tee.. wikh some, mUk.
4 Correct the underlni ed parts o f the sentences (1- 8) below .

1 At some Arab restaurant. you can find delicious beef dishes. 2 The curry is served with a.rke.
Some famousdishin New Orleansis.jam ba layaand gumbo.
French chefs addu RP-,le to t h i s di sh.
Emirati chefs prepare ha rees with a meat or a chicken. 6 Aus.tca.lian li ke eating acrocodile meat.
There are some carrot in Koreankim chee.
Soo;ig_p...Qpul ar dish in Lagos is pepper soup.
UNl CCK REAOING A.NO WRITINGSKILLS 1 WRI TING ,',

SPELLING
1 Look at the words below. Write a,e,i, o or u to spell adjectives for
food and drink.
1 I love sw t foods like dates .
2 I prefer to eat s _ v _ ry foods with more salt than sugar.
3 My mother's cakes are always d _ I _ c s!
4 I don't like green chillis. They are too sp _ cy.
S I try to eat h lthy foods like vegetables and fruit.
6 Kabso is so t _ st y. I always want more.
2 Choose the correct spelling.

1 My favourite food is _
a chocolate b shocolat c cho kilat
2 Most people in my country buy food from the
a markit b market c markat
3 I know how to my national food.
a prepear b prepare c brebar
4 We make a special using milk.
a sause b sowse c sauce
S My grandfather grows in his garden.
a abbels b appols c apples
6 Most people where I live eat on Fridays.
a meat b meet c meed
',: WRITING
UNLOCK READING ANO WRITING SKILLS 1
FOOD AND CULTURE L' !i',
WRITING
TASK
") UN
Write about food in your country for a smdent website. (,, ONLINE
1 Look at the brainstorming no tes yo u made for Exercise 3 in the Critical

Thinking section. WRITE A FIRST
DRAFT
2 Write answers that are true for your dishesin the gaps.
(which?) cuisine
At a (which?) restaurant
, you find many diff erent kinds of _
(what kinds of food?).
(what kind of dishes?) are
very popular. _ _
___ ___ ____ _ (which?) fo od is
also fam ous for (what kind of
food or what kind of dishes?).
l W ri te sen tence s ab o u t two p op u lar dishes in your country. Add them to

your text above.
UNLOCK READING AND WRITING SKILLS I WRITING J)
4 Use the task checklist to review your sentences.
EDIT
TASK CHECKLIST
Do your sentences describe two popular dishes in your count ry?
Do subjects and verbs agree in your sentences?
Do the uncountable nouns have a singular form?
Do the uncountable nouns have a singular verb?
Is the article a/an beforea singular countable noun?
Is somebefore a pluralcountable noun or anuncountable noun?
OBJECTIVES REVIEW
I can ...
watch and
understand a video not very
very
about foodin Mexico well well
skim a text to
understand the main very not very
idea or topic well well
spell adjectives for food very not

and drink well very
well
write descrip t very

ive sentences well not very
well
1
WRITING UNL.OCK REAOING ANO WRITING SKtllS l
FOOD AND CULTURE UNIT 8
WORDLIST
UNIT VOC ABULARY
apple (n) I market (n)
banana (n) meat (n)
bread (n) mushroom (n)
carrot (n) orange (n)
chef (n) pepper (n)
chocolate(n) potato (n)
dish (n) prepare (v)
egg(n) rice (n)
fish(n) sauce (n)
mango (n) serve (v)
UN LOCK A(AOIN G AND WRITING SKILLS I WRITING c,,

Watch and understand a video about wildlife in
South Africa
Reading skills Read forthe main ideas
Academic writingskills Use correct spelling and punctuation in

sentences
Writing task Write a descriptive paragraph
'
l,
I
-!!... -
- -
"
. -- .
.,;
- :
- I .
A '
- ..-
.. - ..... -
· ::, UNIT9
UNL<.'>CK YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Write the words from the box in the gaps. Use a dictionary to help
you understand the words in bold.
" .. -,.
bee bear penguin snake
1 A isa reptile. .--

2A is an
insect.
3 A is a mammal.
4 A is a bird.
UNIT9 1S9
WATCH AND LISTEN
PREPARING TO WATCH
1 Work in small groups. You aregoing to watch a video about
USING YOUR
wildlife in South Africa. Before you watch, write the names of three
KNOWLEDGE TO
animals you think you will see.
PREDICT
1
CONTENT 2 _
3 _ _ _ _ _ _
20 Watch the video with no sound. What animals can you see?
3 Check the meanings of the words in the box.Use a dictionary

UNDERSTANDING
to help you.
KEY VOCABULARY
diversity savannah species grass powerful unusual
4 Read the definitions 0-6) below and write the words from the
box in the gaps.
1 _ _ _ _ _ _ : a group of plants or animals that are all similar
2 : very strong
3 : different from typical things
4 : when many different kinds of people or things
are
in one place
5 :aplant with small green or yellow leaves found in
gardens and fields
6 :land in Africa with no people or cities
16 0 WATCHANOLISTEN UNLOOC R.EA04NG ANOWRfflNG SKILLS I

ANIMALS UNI i 9
WHILE WATCHING
5 0 Watch the video with sound and make notes. Write the adjectives
LISTENING FOR
you hear for each animal in column A. KEY
INFORMATION
A B
animals adjectives numbers
I
springboks
lions and elephants
rhinos
penguins
6 Q Watch again. Write the numbers youhear for rhinos and penguins
in column B.
7 Match the n1:1mbers in your notes to the information below. There

are many numbers in the video.Make sure youhave the correct
number for each answer.
a -------=the number of animals on a beach in Cape
Town b - the speed of an animal in kilometres per
hour (kph)
c =an animal's weight in kilograms (kg)
DISCUSSION
1 Do youhave a favourite animal?
2 What animal(s) are popular in your country?
3 Do youhave apet at home (e.g. acat, some fish)?
UNL«IC R£AOING ANO WRITING Sl(ILLS 1 W \TCH AND LISTEN '

READING 1
- P-_R_EVI-EW-I N_
I
_. 1
PREPARING TO READ
Look at the text and the photographs on the opposite page. Circle the
_G_ _ correct words.
UNDERSTANDING
, 2
1 The text is for school children/ university students.
2 The text is about typical/ unusual kinds of animals.
Read the sentences (1- 7) and write the words from the box in the
gaps. Use the glossary on page 200 to help you.
KEY VOCABULARY
lays eggs strange romantic weighs variety Kingdom long

1 Ay and her mothe r like watching______________movies.
2 England and Wales are two of the countries in the Unite d
3 I have achicken. It _ _ _ _ _ every morning.

_
4 The average healthy man______________about 70 kg.
5 'Your cat is pink!That is very !'
6 An average car in the US is four metres _ _ _ _ _ _
7 Hamdan likes a of different cuisines -
Emirati, French and Korean.
WHILE READING
3 Read only thefi;gi,fighte d topic sentences in the text.Circle the
READING FOR
correct answer (a-c).
M AIN IDEAS
The main topic of the text
') UNIPCK
(.. ONLINE
is a animals in Australia
b birds in New Zealand
c unusual animals around the world
Reading for themain ideas

Many textshave paragraphs. A paragraph is part ofalongtext. A paragraph
has
two or moresentences. Each paragraph has a topic sentence.
The topicsentence1s usually the first sentence in a paragraph. It is
important because it has the main idea for the paragraph. The
highlighted sentences in Reading1are the topic sentences.
' REAO!NG 1 UNI.CC)( R.EAOINGANOWRITINGSKILLS I

IJ§OMJi,........
4 Read the text and answer the quest io n s(1-4)
below. READING FOR
1 Why is the kakapo parrot unusual? DETAIL
2 Why is the kiwi 'romantic'?
3 Why is the platypus an unusual mammal?
4 How big is the bumblebee bat?
Variety in the Animal Kingdom

Erik J. C un liffe
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OFNEW ZEALAND PRESS
AUCK LAND• LONDON• NEW YORK
Introduction
T here are abou t 10 million different kinds of anin1al on eart h and they come in all
shapes and sizes. This book is a simele intrQ<luction to the huoe variety in the animal
kinod m, It features some of the most unusual animals in the world and includ es key data
on each species and their habits in the wild.
SQine of the s tra ngest animals in the world live in Australi

<)nd New Zealand. There is the kakapo parrot (Strigops
habroptila ). It is a bird but i.t cannot fly. It is a noc turnal
animal. It sleeps in the day and eats at night. There are only
I3 I kakapo pan-ots in the world.
'f he kiwi A ne, t australis) i, another bird that canno

y, Some birds are very beautiful - but the kiwi is not. It is
one of the ugliest birds in the world. Bm the kiwi is the most
ro mantic bird in the world. Male a nd fe male kiwis live
together for 30 years.
Australia has many strange animals. The most surpn s1ng

Australian animal is the
platypus(Omithorhynchusa11a1i1111s). It has the faceand
feet of a bird, the body of a rat and the tail of a beaver. It i.s a
mammal but it lays eggs.
l' he smallest mamma l in the world lives in Asia. It is the

bumblebee bat (Craseonycteris 1ho11glo11gyai). It lives in
Thailand. It is only 2.5 cm long and it weighs 3 g. There are
only 2,000 bumb lebee bats left in Thailand because people
burn the forest where they live.
UNLOCK REAOING ANOWRITINGSKIU S I READING 1

READING 2
PREPARING TO READ
1 Match the sentence halves.Use the glossaryon page 200 to help
UNDERSTANDING
you understand the words in bo ld.
KEY VOCABULARY
l
1 The average healthy a fish in rivers.
personcan b prey in jungles.
2 Young wolves, lio ns and c ten long arms.
3 Bears can swim and they d run at about10 kph.
catch
e dangerous hunt ers in the world.
4 Lions hunt
f zebras.
5 Birds, bats and some insects
g have wings.
I
6 Tigers lo ok for th eir
h bears are called cubs.
7 Squid live in the seaand
have 8 People are the most
USING YOUR
2 Lo ok at the title of amagazine article. Which animals do you thin k are
KNOWLEDGE
the world 's fastest hunters?
The World's Fastest Hunters

WHILE READING
SKIMMING 3 Skim the texts. Which three animals are the fastest hunters?
=========i
SCANNING TO
4 Scan the three texts. Write the information from the texts in the
table below.
FIND INFORMATION
lstiophorus
UNI.OCK
(,ONLINE Acinony a/bicans and Falco
scientific name
x jubatus /stio pho rus peregrinus
platy pte rus
common name
size(cm)
weight (kg)
lifespan (years)
speed(kph)
habitat
prey
S There are six paragraphsin the three texts. In one paragraph.the topic
UNDERSTANDING
sentence is the second sentence. Which paragraph?
DISCOURSE
UNL« IC REAOIN GANO WRITING$KILSl 1

ANIMALS UNIT 9
a
Cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) are the fa stest anima ls on land.
Th ey con run at 112 kph.They a re smaller than lion s and
leop a rd s.The overage cheetah is 66 cm to 99 cm high and
weighs between 35 and 72 kg. Cheetahs live for about 12
years. Fem ale c hee ta h s usually look o fter their cubs
alone. They usually have between two and four cubs.
Cheetahs use their speed to catch their prey.They hunt
gazelles and zebras.In the past,cheetahs lived in Asia. the
Midd le East and Africa . Now,most cheetahs live in Ea st
Africa but there ore a small number of cheetahs in Iro n .
Sharks may be the mos t dangerous animal in the sea, but

they ore not the fastest swimmers. Th e fastest swimmersore
sailfish.
There are two kinds of sailfish. Atlantic sailfish (lstiophorus
albicans) livein the Atlantic Ocean. and Inda-Pacific sailfish
(lstiophorus platypterus) live in the Indian Ocean and the
Pacific Ocean.
Sailfish con swim at l 09 kph.Sailfish hunt other fish and squid.
They often hunt in groups.Th e biggest sailfish o re 3 m lo ng a n d
weigh 90 kg.The overage sailfish is usually smaller than this.
They live for about four years.
Peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) ore the fastest birds

on earth.Th e y usually fly at 65- 90 kp h b ut they con fly
faster when they hunt.The ir high est speed is about 325
kph.They hunt other birds - usually ducks and pigeons.
Th e ir wings ore about 120 cm long. Th eir body is about
34-58 cm long.They weigh about l kg.
You con see peregrine falcons in most countries.Th e y
can live in very coldand very hot p laces.The y live for
about 15 years.
UNLOCK R£A,01NGANO WAITING SKIU.S I READING 2 16'>

can and cannot

We use can + infinitive to show that an action ispossible. We usecannot +
infinitive to show that an action isnot possible.
Th G4r1 mn G..t 112. 1::ph. Smfi,sh swi.ol G..t 10 kph. Th G4r1 lwe.
i,n ve.r!:I cotc:l IU'lc:l ve.r!:I hot, pl.M,e,s.
The.re. e, bi,rc:ls tl1G..t G41'\nol;, f½J. II;, s o. bi,rd, bCAt i,I;, G4nnol;, f½J.
1 Read the sentences (1-6) below and correct the mistakes

in the underlinedparts.
l A wolf can talks to othe r wolves.
2 Wolves cansmelling blood.
3 The average wolf cans weigh 60 kg.
4 Wolves cannot to climb trees.
5 Wolves can to hunt very biganimals.
6 A wolf nocanlive in hot countries.
UNLOCK REAOING ANOWRJTING SKILLS 1
DESCRIBING FACTS ABOUT

ANIMALS
ANIMALS uNIT '!
2 Read the sentences (1- 8) below and write the words from the
box in the gaps.
long weighs at (x2) for on high in
Leopards can run about 60 kph.

2 An average elephant about 5,500 kg.
3 Ba-ts live small insects.
4 A wolf's body is usually from 90 cm to 160 cm _
5Zebras are about 120-130 cm _
6 Kangaroos live Australia.
7 Bears can live 25 to 30 years.
8 Eagles can fly more than 75 kph.
3 Match the words (a- h) below to the sentences (1-8) in

Exercise 2. a habitat
b size (height)
c size (length)
d lifes pan
e speed (on land)
f weight
g speed (in the air)
h prey/diet
VOCABULARY FOR ANIMALS

4 Match the sentence halves. Use a dictionary to help you understand the
words in bo ld.
1 Some spiders are a many of them are harmless.
2 The crocodile is one of the b They can live on land and in
3 Tigers a re an water. c venomous.
4 People do not like snakes but d endangered species.
S Bats are nocturnal animals. e They hunt at night.
6 Frogs a re amphibious. f deadliest animals in the world.
UNLOCKREADING ANO WSUTING SKILLS 1 LANGUAGEDEVELOPMENT I /

At the end of this unit, you will wr it e a descriptive paragraph. Look at this
unit's writ ing task in the box below.
I Writ e a paragraph about an animal.
1 Read the data in Table 9.1. Use a d ict io nary to help you understand the
ANALYZE
words in bold.
I Table 9.1: Three types of bear
Ailuropodo Ursus
sdentific name Ursus orctos
melonoleuco moritimus
common name panda bear polar bear brown bear
size{cm) 120- 180 250- 300 150- 250
weight (kg) 100 - 115 350-480 300-335
running speed
12-15 35-40 40-45
(kph)
lifespan (years) C. 20-30 c. 23-25 C. 22-24
fish, nuts,
diet bamboo seals
fruit
Arctic USA, Canada,

habitat China
Circle Europe, Asia
population c.1,000 C. 23,000 c. 200.000
2 Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions (1- 7) below.
1 Which type of bear is the biggest?
2 Which type of bear is the heaviest?
3 Which type of bear is the fastest?
4 Which type of bear can live the longest?
5 Whic h type of bear has the most varied die t1
6 Whic h type of bear has the biggest population?
7 Which type of bear is the most endangered?
CRITICAL THINKING UNLOCK REAOING AND WRITING SKILU I

ANIMALS UNIT 9
3 Look at Table 9.1 again. Write the information from the table in
the gaps below.
Polar bears (Ursus moritimus) may be the biggest bears, bUl they
are not the fastest runners.The fastest running bear is the brown
bear (Ursus orctos).The brown bear can run at about<•> _
1045 kph.The average brown bear is < > 1 _
to (ll cm high and weighs between
<•> and (Sl kg. Brown bears live
for about <6> l10P years.There
are about <•> brown bears in the world today.
Brown bears live on <•> and fruit.They also hum
<••> in rivers. Brown bears live in many parts of
the world.They live in Europe, Asia and North America. Most
brown bears live in Canada and Alaska.
'
· 1,,,.1 fir
I
z .
\\ , • -
.
-
'
l '
,..
' . I .,.
.
I • , ,.,
, ..
!
---
--- - - .
_. ::--? "
- UNLOCK REAOING ANO WRITING SKILLS I
- - - - --
. ... .. ...
_ . _. . . ...._,.
- -- - ... - -' _;:
WRITING
Adjectives with one or two syllables: small. strange.
GRAMMAR FOR WRITING
ve adjectives •
adjectives have three forms.We usesyllables to choose thecorrect form. A syllable is a word or part of a word with on
Writethe + adjective + -est or -st.

The. smo..tt%t o..nixr>o..L i,n t11e. world, Li,ve,s i,n Asw.,. Ma.n9 of tl1e.
str(l.j'lgest a.nixr>o..Ls i,n tl1e. world, li,ve, i.n A14sl;r(U,i,Q.,_
Adjectives with two syllables that end consonant + -y: deadly, friendly.
Write the + adjective + -rest (replace the -y with -i and add -est).
Sha.rl:'s a.re. t11e. <iu dt.i,e,st a.nixr>o..L i,n tl1e. sea.. Dotphi-ns a.re. tl1e.
fri,e,n<!t.i,e.st a.nixr>o..L i-n tl1e. sea..
Adjectives with two or more syllables: poisonous. endangered.

Write the most + adjective.
The. most poi-sonOl4S frog on e4rll1 Li,ve.s i,n So14tl1 Ameri-<4-. The.
mos!; e.ndAngere.d tljpe, of be.a.r s tl1e. pa.nda. be.a.r.
We can write the prepositional phrase in the + noun or on + noun after a

superlative adjective + noun.
The. smo..Ue.sb a.nixr>o..L i,n tl1e. world, Li,ve,s i,n Asw.,. Sl1a.rl:'s a.re, tl1e.
d.e4d Ii.est a.nixr>o..L i..n tl1e. sea.. The. most poi-sonOl4s frog on e4rll1
Li,ve,s i,n Swtl1 Ameri-<4-.
C WRITING UNLOCK R.EAOING AND WRITING SKILLS 1

ANIMALS UNIT 9
1 Put the words and phrases in order to make sentences. ") UNL«IC
(;, ONLINE
1 fastest/ in the world/ horned lizar d / the/ is/ lizard/ The/ .
2 Sailfish/ fastest/ swimmers/ the/ are/ .
3 birds/ on earth/ are/ Peregrine falcons/ fastest/ the/ .
4 kind/ bear/ are/ Polar bears/ of/ biggest / the/ .
5 snake/ sea snake/ most/ The/ venomous/ the/ is/ the/

in/ world/.
6 most/ butterfly/ beautiful/ blue Morpho butterfly/ in/ is/

The/ world / the/ .
7 biggest/ the world/ is/ animal/ blue whale/ the/ in / The/ .
8 wolf spider/ deadliest/ of/ the/ one/ is/ spiders/ The / .
2 Read the sentences below. Put a tick ( ) if they are correct and
a cross (X) if they are wrong.
1 Cheetahs in the world are the fastest animal.
2 Cats are some of the more lazier animals in the world.
3 Kakopo parrots are the more endange red kind of parrot.
4 Kiwis are ugliest bird in New Zealand.
5 The elephant is the biggest animal on land.
6 'Mouse' spiders are some of the deadliest
spiders. 7 Squid in the sea are one of the strangest
animals. 8 The brown bear is a fastest kind of
bear.
3 Correct the mista kes in the sentences in Exercise 2.

UNLOCK READING AN O WRITING SKILLS I I l
\">'RITING
SPELLING
1 Put the letters in the correct order to make the names of animals.
Use the definitions to help you.
1 tba An animal like a mouse with wings which flies at
night.
2 ebe _ A yellow and black insect which makes
3 nil o , _ honey. A large animal of the cat family
which lives in Africa.
4 re-b- -- - - A large. strong animal with the Latin name
5 rdib. _ Ursus. An animal which has wings and
6 lfow_ _ _ _ feathers.
7 kasr - - - A wild animal of the dog family.
8 sicen - - - A large fish with sharp
9 nolfc_ _ _ _ _ teeth. A small animal with
six legs.
10 redisp _ A fast bird which can be trained to hunt
other birds.
A small animal with eight legs which catches
PUNCTUATION
insects in a web.
2 Correct the sentences (1-6) below. Add capital letters and full
stops. 1 many venomous spiders live in australia
2 the most venomous australian spider isalso oneof the
smallest 3 redback spiders are only1 cm long
4 the deadliest spider in australia is the redback
spider S redback sp iderslive on small insects
6 female redback spiders live for two or three years

' WRI TING UNL<>CIC AEAOING ANO WfUTINGSKILl S I
ANIMALS U N IT 9 U
WRITING TASK
I Write a paragraph about an animal. (.

4') UNL« K
ONLINE
1 Read the text about the brown bear in Exercise 3 of the Critical Thinking
section again. PLAN
2 You are going to write facts about a bear. Choose the panda bearor
the polar bear.
3 Write sentences on the topics below.

1 Write a sentence with the bear's common name and scientific name.
2 Write a sentence about the size of the bear.
3 Write a sentence about the weight of the bear.
4 Write a sentence about the speed of the bear.
S Write a sentence about the lifespan of the bear.
6 Write a sentence about the dietof the bear.
7 Write a sentence about the habitat of the bear.
8 Write a sentence about the population of the bear.
4 Look at your sentences in Exercise 3 and the data in Table 9.1 in the
Critical Thinking sect ion.
1 Write two sentences with comparative ad jectives.
2 Write one or two sentences with superlative adjectives.
s Put your sentences from Exercises 3 and 4 in a pa.ragraph. Make the topic
sentence the first sentence in the paragraph. WRITE A FIRST
DRAFT
UNLOCK R.EAOINGANOWI\ITINGSKlt.l.S I
6 Use the task checklist to review your paragraph.
EDIT
TASK CHECKLIST
Is your paragraph about a panda bear or a polar bear?
Is the first sentence of your paragraph a topic sentence?
Are the facts in your sentences correct?
Are there superlative adjectives in your paragraph?
Are the re comp arati ve adjec ti ves in your paragraph?
7 Make any necessary changes to your paragraph.
OBJECTIVES REVIEW
I can ...
watch and understand a
video about wildlife in very not very
South Africa well well
read for the main ideas very not very

well well
use correct spellingand

punctuation in sentences not very
very well
well
write a descriptive
very
paragraph not very
well well
: WRITING UNLOCK RE.AOING ANO WRm NG StCILLS I

ANIMALS UNIT 9
WOR0LIST
UNIT VOCABULARY
(n) catch (v) cub(n) grass (n) hunt (v) insectlay
(n)eggs (v)strange (adj)
long (adj)unusual (adj)
rhino (n)weigh (v)
run (v)wing(n)
snake (n)wolf (n)
spider (n)zebra (n)
squid (n)
UN LOCK REAOING ANO WR.ITINGSKILLS 1 WRITING '

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Watch and understand a video about transport
in Tokyo
Reading skills Work out meaning from context
Academic writing skills Understand and use errorcorrection codes
Writing task Write a paragraph
.. ,
- /
,.
/176 UNITIO
.,
., , ''-# •
UNL<.">CK YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions (l-4) below.
l How do you usually travel to school or university?
2 Do you use public transport like trains or buses? Why?/ Why
not? 3 Which kind of transport is the safest?
4 Which kind of transport is the most dangerous?
WATCH AND LISTEN
PREPARING TO WATCH
1 You are going to watch a video about transport in Tokyo. Before you
USING VISUALS
watch. look at Figures10.l and 10.2 below and answer the questions (1-
TO PREDICT
CONTENT 4). Use a dictionary to help you understand the words in bold.
1 What is the most popular form of transport in
Tok.yo? 2 What are the two forms of public transport?
3 What are the two forms of private transport?
4 What is the distance of the commute between Tokyo and Sapporo?
■ Metro ■Bus
■ Taxi ■Private car
Figure10.1: Popular forms of
transport in Tokyo
178 WATCH ANDLISTEN UNI.OCK READING AN O WRITING S1<1LlS 1

TRANSPORT UN,T 10
WHILE WATCHING
20 Watch the video and take notes in the table below. Write the
words for transport yousee and hear the speaker say in column A. LISTENING FOR KEY
INFORMATION
A B
transport numbers
3 0 Watch again. Write the numbers youhear in column B.
4 Work with a partner. Write true (T) or false (F) next to the
statements (1- 5) below. Use your notes in the table to help you.
1 13 million people take taxis every
day. 2 Th.ere are 50,000 taxis in
Tokyo.
3 The Shinkansen bullet train travels at up to 300
kph. 4 Not many people commute from Sapporo to
Tokyo.
5 10 million passengers travel to Tokyo by train every year.
MAKING
S Work with a partner. Read the questions (1- 3)below and circle the INFERENCES
best answers.
1 Why is the metro a popular form of transport in bigcities like
Tokyo, Moscow and London?
a because it is never late
b because there is alot of traffic on the roads
2 Why do people fly from Sapporo to Tokyo every
day? a because they like flying
b because houses in Tokyo are very expensive
3 Why do people use mobile phones to check in for their flight?
a because it is faster
b because it is cheaper
UNl.«1( REAOING ANOWRJTlNG Sl\lll.S 1 WATCH AND US TEN
READING 1
PREPARING TO READ
1 Work with a partner. Look at the text on the opposite page and
PREVIEWING
answer the questions below.
I 1 What is the name of this type of text?
2 Why do people write this typeof text?
2 Work with apartner. Ask and answer the questions (l- 5)below.
USING YOUR
KNOWLEDGE 1 Whereis Bangkok? 4 Have you seen Bangkok in
2 Is it abig city or asmall town? films? 5 What is the traffic like in
3 Have you ever been to Bangkok?
Bangkok?
WHILE READING
3 Skim the t ext. What information is the questionnaire trying to get?
SKIMMING
Circle the correct topics (1- 6) below.
, ') UNL<'CK
V ONLINE 1 the number of hours people in Bangkok work or
study 2 how people travel in Bangkok
3 the cost of transport in Bangkok
4 popular forms of transport in Bangkok
5 how Thai people in Bangkok travel on hol
iday 6 what forms of transport people own
4 Scan the t ext . Write the words for transportfrom the text in the correct
SCAN N ING TO
places in the table below.
FINO
INFORMATION land transport water transport air transport
READING BETWEEN THE LINES

S Match thehighlighte words in the text to their definitions.
WORKIN G OUT 1 another word for job 4 another word for write
MEANING FROM 2 another word for metro 5 another word for form or type
CONTEXT 3 another word for questionnaire 6 a word that means man or woman
Workingoutmeaning from context

The typeof text andthe topic are part of thecontext of atext. Youcanuse context tohelp you guess themeaning
UNLOCK lt.£AOING ANO WIUTING SJ(ILlS 1

TRANSPORT UN IT 10
uS t
--- ---- Ba.og'.<ok
-------
T
We are a group of Engineering students from Australia. This summer, we are studying at
Bangkok University of Science and Technology (BUST). We would like to find out:
1 How people in Bangkok travel.
2 How people feel about transport in Bangkok.
Please answer the questions below. Thes urve takes about five minutes to complete.
A. About you 84 Tick (v') allthe boxes that are true for you.
Tick (v') the correct boxes to answer the
Which type or types of transport do
questions.
youown? lowna
A1 Age: How old are you? o bicycle o car o motorbike
D 14-17 D 18-11 □12- 31 Dother (please write): _
□ 31-53 □older than 53 85What means of tnnspon do you use when
"2 Gcndet: I am DMale D Female you go on holiday?
"3 0ccupa,ion,: Wha1 do you do? Dtrain Dplane Dcar Dferry
osrudy
□work C.Opinion
C1 Tick (v') the correct answers.
B. Travel Read the statemems below. Do you agree
Tick (v') the correct boxes to answer the or disagree with them?
questions.
Table 2
81 How long is your journey 10 work or school?
,.,I'
D5-15 minutes D 45-60 minutes
□ 15-45 minutes o more than I hour
How do you get 10 work or school?
.. . ' ..
82 -...Th- ere-.ls- lo.c.,.--c ,
Don foot D water , o<'
, . ,e'
taxi
D bicycle D taxi
□ car □ bus Ofcnffic- In
&ngl:olc
D tuk-ruk oSkyTrain n,c mffic
□ motorbike Dunderground mlle$mc
83 How often do you use these means of la.tt.
transport? -ctd
._publl<
Tick (v') the correct answers in Table 1. tr.UU:pon.
Table 1 C2 Write any comments or suggestions that you have

about transport in Bangkok.
onfooc;
bie) lc
cu
tulMuk
mocorb!
I-
l:c
w,1,tert.ut
-
WO
bu, -
stylnln
undtrground
Thank you for taking the time to this survey.
UNLG>CK READINGANOWRITIN GSKILLS 1 READING ! 1::-;I

DISCUSSION
6 Work with a partne r. Ask and answer the questions below.
1 What kind of transport do people usually use in your city or
town? 2 Which kinds of transport are the best and which are the
worst for:
a long journeys? c places with no roads7
b getting fit and healthy? d families?
READING 2
_ _ _ _ JI PREPARING TO READ
PREVIEWING 1 Look at the text and the visuals on the opposite page and answer the
questions (1-3) below. Circle the correct option (a-c).
1 What type of text is it?
a a newspaper article
b a university report
c a letter to the write r's family
2 What is the main topic of this text?
a culture b food c transport
3 Who wrote this text?
a a student ba c a journalist
professor
UNDERSTANDING 2 Read the sentences (1- 7)and write the words from the box in the gaps.
KEY VOCABULARY Use the glossary on page 200 to help you.
I pie chart traffic jam spend results prefer percentage full of
1 This is the _ _ _ ___ _ sign:%.

2 A is a visual that helps you compare
different amounts of things.
3I__ ___ _ _ coffee to tea - I think it tastes better.
4 I like cakes and biscuits but they are sugar.
5 Most people 30 years of their life slee
ping!
6 There are so many cars! This is a very bad _ _ _ _ _ _ _
7 The otfhEnglish test were very good.
READING l UNL« K READING ANOWfUTING SKILLS 1
TRANSPORT U'lll 10
WHILE READING
3 Scan the text. Write thecorrect numbers in the gaps on the pie chart
(Figure 1.) SCANNING TO
FINDINFORMATION
Student Name: Lamai Tongduan

Student ID: 100035478 / Bangkok University of Science and Technology
Course: Transport and the City
Transport in Bangkok: Report

This report shows the results of a survey of transport in Bangkok. Over 12 million
people live in the city.The pie chart (Figure I) shows the most popular means
of Lransport in Bangkok. It shows 1hc percentage of people who use each 1ype of
transport to get to work or school.
Every day, thousands of people use public and private transpon . A popular form of
transport is the SkyTrain. 21% of the populatio n of Bangkok take the SkyTrain to
work or school.Anodler way to travel in the city is by bus. 18% of people who live
in Bangkok take buses. Most people in Bangkok drive their own cars. 14% of
people ride motorbikes to get to work or take children to school. People prefer
buses to tuk- tUks. Only 8% of people use tuk-tuks to get to work or school. Only
3% walk
to work and only 2% cycle to work. Most offices are
walking , 3% bic ycle, %
too far away to walk or cycle to.
I
The traffic in Bangkok is very heavy.The
roads are full of different types of vehicle
(cars. motorbikes, ruk-tUks. etc.). Most
people spend more than one hour every day
travelling. Almost 35% of people are late
because of traffic jams.There are no
o/o
traffic jams on the river. 11% of people car,
take the river taxi.
bus , _ %
Figure 1: Means of
transport in Bangkok
by popularity
READING FOR
DETAIL
; ") UN LOCK
V ONLINE
4 Read the text again and answer the questions (1- 5)below.
1 How many people live in Bangkok?
UNDERSTANDING
DISCOURSE 2 Is the SkyTrain a public or a private form of
transport? 3 Are there a lot of cars in Bangkok?
4 How long is the journey to work or school for most people?
5 How many people are late to work or school because of traffic jams?
S Write the words and phrases from the box in the gaps below. Use the
words in bold to help you choose the answers.
another way vehicle the city (x2) who it
This report shows the results of a survey abom transport in Bangkok.

Over I 2 million people live in <•> .The pie
chart (Figure I) shows the most popular means of
transport in
Bangkok. <2> shows the percentage of people
3
< > - - - - - - - use each type of transport ro get 10 work
or school.Twenty-one per cem of the population of Bangkok
take the SkyTrain to work or school. <•> to travel
in cs> _ _ _ _ _ _ is by bus.The traffic in Bangkok is very
_
heavy.The roads are full of different kinds of <6> _ _ _ _ _ _ _
(cars. motorbikes. etc.).
TRANSPORT u n I ';
@LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
the answer to the question How many? We use quantifiers before a noun. For small numbers. we usea few,not many and some.For
numbers, we use many,a lot of and most.

A few peopt.e. to.ke 1:1.d,-wks U1
S<M19lcolc. Not mAAg peopl,e w..l::e xi,s
U1 Tolcgo.
Some trru,ns o..re verg fo..st.
MAAg peopl,e commtAte from S<4>POro to
Tokgo. The.re o..re o.. U>t of t,o..xi,s U1 Tokgo.
Most peopl.e. U1 Bo..nglcok dri.ve tl1w own c.o..rs.
? UNL« K
1 Read the sentences (1-5) belo w. Circle the quantifier and underl.ine the noun the quantifier refers to. ONLINE
Most people in Bangkok drive their own cars.
Some people ride motorbikes.
Not many people cycle to work or school.
A few people take the river taxi.
S Many people take the SkyTrain.
2 Read the sentences (1- 5) below and write quantifiers in the gaps. Use
the percentages to help you. More than one answer is p ossible.
1 (62%) people in London take the underground to wo rk.
2___ ___ _ (8%) people drive their cars to work in London.
3 Today. (18%) people in London cycle to work.
4 (9%) people in London take the bus to work
S (3%) people in London walk or run to work.
UNLOCK ftEAOIN G AND WRITIN G SKILLS I LANGUAGE DEVELO PMENT -

TRANSPORT COLLOCATIONS
We can use these types of collocat ion when we talk about transport.
noun prepositional phrase (to + plac:e)

subject verb determiner (transport)
Many students My parents Commuters bus metro cars
We the their a taxi to school. to work.
take to the supermarket.
prepositional phrase prepositional phrase

subject verb
(to+ place) (by + noun for transport)
Many students My bro the rs Commuters by bus. by met ro. by car.
We to school to work by taxi.
travel get to the supermarket
3 Put the wo rdsin order to make sentences.

1 to/ take/ school / We/ a bus/.
2 travels/ by/ work/ train/ Mala1 / to/ .
3 takes/ to/ the city/ his car/ Sunan / .
4 get / to / work/ Many people/ motorbike/ by/ .
S by/ My children/ bicycle/ to/ get/ school/ .
6 a taxi/ to/ themall/ Suni / takes/ .
4 Read the sentences (1- 5)and write the verbs from the box in the gaps.
ride rides drive takes flies
1 David _ _ _ ___ _ a moto rbike. His mother does not like it.
2 A pilot a plane.
3 Ali can a camel.
4 Alison usually the bus to school.
S Saad prefers to a car.
LA GUAGE DEVELOP ENT UN LOCK READING AN O WRITING SKILl S 1
CRITICAL THINKING
TRANSPORT UNt, :(I
At the end of this unit, you will write a paragraph. Look at this unit's writing
Write a paragraph about transport in your city. I

Collecting data
Before we write, we can collect data.Data are facts. Wecan use questionnaires
and surveys to collect data.
1 Choose six fo rms of transport that are popular in your city. Write the
words in the cor rect places in the questio nn airebelow. UNDERSTAND
on foot/ walking camel taxi minibus bicycle taxi

ferry metro train bus tram car
l river taxi plane motorbike !
Travel
Tick (v) the correct boxes to answer
the questions.
1 How long is your journey lO work or
3How often do you use these means of
school?
transport?
o 5- 15 minutes
Tick (v) the correct answers in Table I.
o I6-45 minutes
o 46- 60 minutes Tabel I
o More than I hour
2 How do you ge t to work or school?
o _
□-------
Q_ _ _ _ _ _ _
o _
o _
□- - - - - - -
2 Make copies of your survey. Give the survey to other students in

your class.
UNLOCK READING ANOWIUTING SKILLS 1

3 Read the resul ts of yo ur survey. Find the percentages and then make two
pie charts to show the results of Questions 1and 2.
4 Read the results again. Write sent ences that are true for your resul ts
for Q uest i on 3.
1 Most stude nt s in my class
2Some students in my class _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
3 A few students in my class _ _ _ _
WRITING
GRAMMAR FOR WRITING
Subject - Verb - Object

A sentence is about a subject. The subject is a pronoun. a noun or a noun
phrase. The verb is after the subject in a sentence. A sentence canhave an
object.The object is apronoun, a noun or a nounphrase. The object is after the
verb.
subject: 14t of peopl.e. riAe- motorbikes. 11t of peopl,e, We. l:ne.
ri,ve.r t<i,xi,.
verb:14t of pe.opl,e, riAe- motorbikes. 11% of pe.opl,e, W e. l:ne. rwe.r )(i,.
object:14% of pe.opl.e. riAe- motorbikes. 11% of pe.opl.e. tc..J(e. l:ne. rwe.r
to.xi,.
A prepositional phrase is nQ1the object of averb.

Mo.n!j sw.d.wbs i,n tne. ci.o.ss tro..ve.t, to schooL b!j metro.
A few sw.<le.ncs i,n tne. c.to..ss ge.c to schooL b!j c.o..r.
") UN LOC
(, ONLIN K
E 1 Rea th sentences {l- 5) below. a { ) i the bo word is an
d e Put tick f ld object.
1 Many commuters travel by plane.
2 Many commuters in Hong Kong take the ferry to work.
3 Students in Sharjah do not cycle to universit y.
4 In Saigon, families oftenride amotorbiketo work and school.
S Most people in Moscow travel by metro.
2 Three of the sentences below have o bjects. Find the ob jects and
underline them.
1 Jamila and Kamilah travel to school by car.
2 Hamdan drives a car to uni versi ty.
3 Some people cycle to work in New York.
4 Many commuters ride a bicycle to work in London.
S Peo pl e in Bangkok prefer to take the SkyTrain.
UNLOCK REAOINGANOWRITIHGSKILLS 1
TRANSPORT r. ,
~ ·,
l Work with apartner. Correct the mistakes in the sentences {1- 5) below.
1 In Abu Dhabi, commuters travel by car to work .
2 Not many people in Ankara t ravel to work by a taxi.
3 Commuters in Seoul take the metro work.
4 Most students to school a motorbike ride.
S Some students in Paris drives to
university.
• Linking sentences with pronouns

We use pronouns when we do not want to repeat the same noun or noun phrase
in a paragraph. The pronouns he. she,it and they can replace nouns.We can use
pronouns to link subjects or objects in different sentences.
subject: The. pi.e. cncut snows !:he. most popt(IAr mea.ns of trMsport i.n
Ba.n9kolc "Fl1e pee chi,a e It snows !:he. percwW-9e. of pe,op!.e. wno
l,lSe. e./U.h tgpe, of tra.nsport to 9e.t to work or scnool.
object: Ma.n!! swd.e.nts ri.<Le. motorbik. Mob),bele, Th o.re. not
e.)(pe,nsiNe..
4 Match sentences 1-5 with sentences a-e.Use the words in bold

to help you.
1 Jamila and Kamilah travel to a He is a good driver.
school by car. b It ischeaper than a tuk-tuk!
2 Hamdan drives a car to uni versity. c It is a healthy form of
3 Some people cycle to work transport.
in New York. d They travel in their father's car.
4 Many commuters ridea bicycle
e They can ride on special roads
to work in London.
for bicycles.
5 Peo ple in Bangkok prefer to take
the SkyTrain.
5 Read the pairs of sentences (1- 5)below and write the correct pronouns in
the gaps.
1 Many commuters travel by plane. is an expensive form of
transport.
2 Many commuters in HongKong take the ferry to work. is cheap
and efficient.
3 Students in Sharjah do not cycle to university. drive there.
4 In Saigon, families often ride a motorbike to work and
school.
travel together.
5 Most people in Moscow travel by metro. is the busiest
underground in the world .
UNLOCK READING A.ND WRITING SKILLSI WRITIN G I
Error correction
So me teac hers use correction codes for errors. Look at the e1<amples below.
[G] = grammar 'rheg to ft010 Eggpb. Th Clre. from £9!:jpt.

[MW) = missi ng word "Fl1eg Fi,011 Eggpb. ThClre.from £9!:jpt.
[P]= punctuation !:heg w e f1ow qgpb Th ore, from £9!:jpb.
[CJ= content (is the information correct?) "Fl1eg we ftom fl w,ce. Th ore,
from £9!:jpt.
(WP] = wrong preposition "Fl1eg we of Eggp.b Th Clre from £9!:jpt.
Lo o k at a st ud e nt"sparagraph marked with co rrectio n co des. Correct the

mistakes.
■ bus
■ bicycle
■ car
train
ta xi
■ walkin
g
Figure 1: Po pu lar means of transpo rt for stude nts in Madrid
The pie chart (Figure I) show [G,) popular means of transport

for students_ [MW) Madrid.There are five types of
transport:
bicycle, bus, car, taxi_ [MW) train most [Pl peoples [G,) crave!
in (WP] bus (33%) [CJ. Bicycles_ [MW] also very popular.
33% of students travel to school by il [ G,) bicycle. Students prefer
cars but more students own bicycles than cars. 7% of student [G,)
drive for [ WP) school. Students do not take _ ( MW] to school.
Buses are the more [G,) popular form of transport for students in
Madrid.
UNLOCK I\EAOINGANOWRITING SKILLS 1
TRANSPORT UNIT 'C,
WRITING TASK
Write a paragraph about transport in your city. UNL« ?K

(,
ONLINE
1 Look at the results of your survey and your pie charts from the Critical Thinking section.
PLAN
2 You are going to use the resul ts to write about transport in your city.
Write the name of the city in the ti tle for your paragraph and the
titlesof your pie chart s.
1 Transport in _ _ _____ _ ; Report
2 Figure 1: Average travel times in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
3 Figure 2:Popular means of transport for students in
3 Write your introduction. Write answers that are true for your
report in the gaps below.
This report shows the results of a survey about transport
in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (name of your city). Over
___ _ _ _ _ _ (population of your city) people live
in the city. Figure 1shows average travel timesin
(name of your city ). Figure 2 shows the popular
means of transport in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (name of your city).
4 Write sentences on the topics below.

1 Write a sentence about the six forms of transport in your survey.
2 Write three or four sentences about the percentage of people that use
each form of transpo rt .
3 Write two or three sentences that compare popular forms of
transport
in the city.
4 Write a sentence about the most popular form of transport in the
city. S Write one or two sentences about travel times.
Put your introduction and your sentences together to make a WRITE A FIRST
paragraph. Link your sentences with pronouns. Addyour pie charts to DRAFT
the paragraph.
UNLOCK RE.AOINGAN() Wi lTINGSKILLS 1 WRITING l',
6 Use the task checklist to review your paragraph.
EDIT
TASK CHECKLIST
Is your paragraph is about transport in your cit y?
Does your paragraph have percentages from your pie charts?
Do pronouns link your sentences?
Do your sentences use correct punctuation?
7 Work with apartner. Check your partner's paragraph. Use error

correction codes to mark it.
OBJECTIVES REVIEW
8 Check your
objectives.
I can ...
very not very
a video about transport
well well
in Tokyo
work out meaning very not very

from context well well
understand anduse very not very

error correction codes well well
very not very

write aparagraph
well well
, WRITING UNL<X:K R.EAOING ANO WR.ITING SKILLSI

TRANSPORT ,, N,T ::i
WORDLIST
UNIT VOCAB._U_L..A.:.R.;.Y.... - -1
complete (v) percentage (n) traffic (n)
full(adj) pie chart(n) traffic jam (n)
metro (n) prefer (v) the underground
motorbike(n) (n) public transport (n)
occupation (n) spend(v)
UNL O( :I( READIN G AN O WRITINGSKILL

SI
GLOSSARY
[ l
Vocabulary Definition
Pronundat ] [ :;::
UNITl
aunt /o:m / (n) thesister of your father or mother.or the wifeof youruncle
beautiful /b ju:ll fol/ (adj) very attractive

brother /br,.()ol (n) amanor boy with thesame parents as another person
clothes /kl:x,()z/ (n) itemssuch as s.hirts.dressesand trousers that you\-Yearon
yovr
body
daughter /d : to/ (n) your female child
different /d1f.or. nt/ (adj) not the same
famous /(e1.mos/ (adj) known or re<ognized by many people
farmer /fo:mo/ (n) someone whoownsor looks after a farm
grandfather /gr rendfo:<lol (n) the father of a person's mother or father

g,andmother /grrend m,.i.\:,i (n) the mother of a person's father or mother
height /ha ul (n) how tall0< high something0< someoneis
interesting /m.t roS.IIIJI (adj) someone or something thatis interesitngkeeps yoor attention
because they are unusual. exciting,or have lots of ideas
live /h v/ (v) to have yourhome somewhere
shoe /fu:/ (n) a strongcovering fot the foo1. often madeof leather
son /s,.nl (n) your male child
tall /t :1/ (adj) havinga greater than ave,age he,ght
teacher /t i:tf ol (n) someone whose job Is to teach in a school. college. etc.
uncte IA1Jkol/ (n) the brotherof your mother or father. or the husband of your
aunt
work / w3:k/ (v) to do a job , es cially the job you do to earn money
young / j AQI (adj) havinglivedor existed for onlya shott timeandnot otd
UNIT 2
autumn fa:t M t/ (n) the seasonof theyearbetweensummer and winter, when
leaves
fall from the trees
cloudy / klaudi/ (adj) When it is cloudy. thereare clouds in the sky.
cold /koulcl/ (adj) havinga tow temperature
dangerous /cle md3orosl (adj) If someoneor something is dangerous. theycould harm you.
difficult /cl1f1koh/ (adj) when somethingis noteasy to do orunderstand
dry /d ra1/ (adj) withno or not much rain
easy /i:zi/ (adj) not difficult
happy / hropi/ (adj) feeling_. showingor causingpleasure
rainy /remi/ (adj) raininga lot
sad /sredl (ad1) unhappyor makingyou feelunhappy
: GLOSSARY UNLbC .C REAOING ANO WRIT ING SKIL

LS 1
:
GLOSSARY U N l 1, 10
[ V <><:ba u al
ry Pronunciation
s pring /spno/ (n)

Dennition
the asonof the yearbetween winter and summer. when the
]
:
weathef becomes warmer and plants start togrowagain
summet /s Amo/ (n) the seasonof the year betweenspringand autumn, when the
weather is warmest
SUMY /sAOi/ (ad1) bright becauseof light from the sun
temperature /t e mprotf o/ (n) howhot or cold something is
:
warm / wo:m/ (adj) havinga temperature between cool and hot
windy /wmdi/ (adfl with a lot of wind
winter /wmto/ (n) the coldest seasonof the year. between autumn and spring
U NIT3
afternoon /o:fl M u:n/ (n) the time between the middle of the day and the evening
Art /0:1/ (n) the makingor study of paintings.d rawings,etc. or the objects
created
Biolog y /ba1'o lod3i/ (n) the scientific studyof livingthings
Susiness /b,z n,s/ (n) the activityof buyingand selling goods and services
cafe /krefc,/ (n) a small restaurant where youcan boy drinksandlightmeals
car /ko:/ (n) a road vehicle with anengine.(our wheels. and seats for a
small number of le
Chemistry /ke1m s1ri/ (n) the scientific studyof substancesand the different ways in
which they reactor combine with othe rsubstances
cook /kuk/ (v) to prepare foodandusually heat it
different /d1foron1/ (ad1) not the same
early /:i:li/ (ad» before the usual t ime or the time that was arranged
Economics / iko nom1ks/ (n) the •tudy or the wayin which trade, Industryand money are
organized
Engineering /cnd31•ni r10/ (n) the work of an enginee.ror the study of this work
evening / i:vn11)1 (n) the part o( the day between the afternoon and the night
Friday / f ra,dct/ (n) the day of the week after Thursday and beforeSaturday
Geography /d 3io9 rof i/ (n) the studyof the physicalsurfaceor the Earth andall regionsof the
world
History / h1s1ari/ (n) the studyof events in the past
Humaniies / hju ma:no1iz/ (n) subjects that you study which are not connected with
science,such
asliteratureandhistory
late /lcll / (adj) happeningorarrivingafter the planned. expected. usual or
necessary time
literature /h1ro1Jo/ (n) book•. poems. etc. thatarecon,idered to be art
Management /mren1d3mon1/ (n) the control and organizationof something
Maths /ma:Os/ (n) theStudy or numbers. •hapes and space using reason and usuallya
specialsystem of symbols and rules fororganizingthem
Monday lmAnde1/ (n) the day of the week after Sunday and before Tue.day
11
UNLOC:te READNI G ANDWRITING SKILLS 1 GLOSSARY
][ Vocabulary Pronunciation
JI/ mo:n,o /
Partof
speech
Definition
morning (n) the nrsthalf of the day.from the time when the sun rises or you
wake upuntil the middleof the day
Physics tr,z,ks/ (n) the sclent lncstudy of matter and energy and the effect that they
have on eachother
Science /sa • nts/ {n) the studyand knowledge of the structureand behaviourof
natural
things in anorganizedway
study /SIAd i/ (v) to learn about a subject. especially on an educational course or by
readingbooks
Tuesday /t f u1,de1/ (n) the day of the week after Monday and beforeWednesday
TV /1i:vi: / (n) television
village /v1hd 3' {n) a placewhere people live in the countryside that includes buildings
such as shops but is smaller than a town
watch /wo1J/ {n) a smalldock which is worn ona strap al'OUnd thewrist
Wednesday / wcnzdc1/ {n) the day of the week after Tuesday and before Thursday
work / w3:k/ (v) 10 do a job.especially the job youdo to earn money
UNIT 4
bank /baook/ {n) anorganizaitonorplace whe<e youc-an bor<ow money. save money.
etc.
beach /b i:tJ/ {n) anareaof sand o, small stones next to thesea
bridge /b rid3' {n) a structure thatisbuilt over ariver. road. rallway. et c. to allow
people and vehicles to cross from oneside to the other
capital city /krepn Isnit (n) the mostimportant cityin a country or suite, where the
government is based
cliff /khf/ (n) a higharea of rock with a very steep side.oftenon a coast
desert /dcza1/ {n) a large, hot.dryarea of land with very fewplants
factory /fa:kt ri/ (n) a building or set of buildingswhere large amountsof goods are
madeusing machines
farm / fo:m / {n) anarea of land with nelds and buildings. used for growingcrops
and/or keeping animalsas a business
field /li:l d/ (n) an area of land used for growingcropsor keepinganimals
fish /ftJ / (n) ananimal that livesonly in water and swims using its tail and
fins
forest lforis1/ {n) a large area of trees growingclosely together
fountain /faun11n/ (n) a struch.1re that forces water upinto the air as a decoration
hill /lu l {n) a raised area of lan, d smaller thana moo-ntain
library /la,brari/ (n) aroom or buitding thatcontains a collection of books and other
written material that you canreador borrow
monument /monjaman1/ {n) an old build,ngor place that is Important in history
mountain /maun11n/ {n) a raised partof the Eart h's surface. much larger than a hill, the top
of
whichmight be covered lnsnow
museum /mju:zi:am/ (n) a building where youcanlookat important objects connected with
art. histOf')' or science
' GLOSSARY UNL<XK REAOINGANOWRlTINGSt<tl l S 1
GLOSSARY LH, L TS ' 'n
Vocabulary Pronunciation Partof Definition

speech
park /po: k/ (n) a largeareaof gra.ss and veesin a city or town, where peoplecan
walkand enjoy themselves
river / ri vo/ (n) along, natural area of water that nows across theland
andinto a sea.lake or another river
road / r'J<Jd/ (n) along, hard surfacebuilt for vehicles to drive on
school /skull (n) a pla(e where (hildren go to be educated
sea / si: / (n) alargearea of s.alt water
shop /f op/ (n) a buildingor partof a building where you(an buy things
train station /1rcm stc1Jon/ (n) a building when? trainsstop so that youcan getonoroff them
university /j11: na' v3:s11i/ (n) a placewhere students studyat a highlevel to get a degree
valley / vreli/ (n) anarea of low landbet\veen hillsor mou ntains.often witha ,iver
running through it
UNITS
baseball /hc 1s bo:I/ (n) a game in which two teams try to winpointsby hittingaballand
runningaround four fixed points
basketball /bo:sk11bo:I/ (n) a gamein which two teams try to scote pointsby throwinga ball
th rough a high net.or the ballused in this game
boring /bo:no/ (adD not inteer sting Ot exciting
cheap /tJ i:p/ (adj) costing httlemoney or less thanisusual or expected
competiiton /kompot1fon/ (n) an organited eventin which people try to win a prize bybeingthe
best.fastest. etc.
exciitng /i ks,11110/ (adij making you feelvery happyand enthusiasitc
exercise /e ksosa1z/ (n} physicalactivity that you do to make your body strongandhealthy
expensive /iks pcnts1v/ (adD ( Ostinga lot of money
famous /fc1mos/ (ad» known and recognized by many people
fan / fren/ (n) someone whoadmiresand supports a p<i<son . spo, rt spons team. et( .
horse riding /ho : s ra 1d10/ (n) the sport0< activity of riding ahorse
ice skating /a1s kc1110/ (n) the activity or sport of movingacross ice usingice skates
jogging /d3 09 10/ (n) when you jog
judo /d311:d oo/ (n) asport fromJapan Inwhich twopeople tty to throw each other
to the ground
karate / koro:ti/ (n) a sport fromJapan in which peoplefight with the hands or feet
maritalart / mo:Jolo:1/ (n) a sport that is a traditionalJapanese or Chinese formof fighitngor
defendingyourself
national / nref onol/ (adj) relating to or typical of a whole country and its people
online / onlam/ (adj) describesproducts, services or information that can bebought or
used on the Internet
player / ple13' (n) someone who takes part in a game or sport
squash / skwoJ/ (n) a sport Inwhi(h two people hit a small rubber ball against the four
wallsof a room
team game / t i:m gc1m/ (n) a sport played bya group of people against another groupof
players
UNl.<>CK READING ANO Wl'UTINGSKIL

LS I
GLOSSARY'
I Voc>bulary : :;:;t: Dehniti'on
: nunci atio;== :
tennis
Items/ (n) a sport in which twoor four peoplehit a small ball to eachother
over a net
ticket lt1k11/ (n) a small pieceof paper thatshows you have paid to do someth ing:
for example. travel on a bus, watch a film,etc.
UNI T 6
bicycle /ba1s1k3U (n) a two•wheeled vehicle that yousit on and moveby turningthe twO
pedals
building /b1ld10/ (n) a structure with wallsand a roof such asa houseor facto,y. or the
businessof making these
cook lkukl {n) someone who prepares and cooks food
friendly /frc ndli/ (adj) behavingin a pleasant. kindway to wards someone
great /9 re11/ (adj) verygood
healthy /hcl8i/ (adj) good for your health
hospital /hosp1t3U (n) a placewhere ill or injuredpeople go tobe treated bydoctors and
mJises
kitchen lkotf rnl {n) a room wherefood is kept. prepared andcooked and where the
dishes are washed
lunch
,11 ntfl (n) a meal that is eaten in the middle of the day
managr
e lma:n1d33/ (n) someone in controlof anoffice, shop. team,etc.
medicine / rned s311/ (n) treatment for illnessor injury. or theStudy of this
nurse / n3:SI (n) someone whose jobis to care for illandinjured
people paint /pc,ntl (v) to cover a surface with paint

software lsortwe3 / (n) programsthat you use to make a computer do different things
soon /su:n/ {adv) after a short periodof time
UNI T 7
apartmem /3po:trn3ntl (n) a set of rooms for living in. especiallyon one noor of a
building ceiling ls i:hol (n) thesurface of a,oom which youcan seewhen youlook above
you noor lfb :I (n) a particular level of a building
garden lgo:d3 n/ {n) a pieceof land belongingto a house. where nowersandother
plants are grown
glass /glo: s/ (n) a hard transpafentsubstance that objects such as windows and
bottles are madeof
leisure centre /lc3osc nto/ (n) a building with a swimmingpool and placeswhereyou can play
sports
lift /lo h i (n) a m achine thatcarriespeopte up and downin tallbuildings
light naul (n) a piece of equipment which produces light.such asa lampor a light
bulb
mirror lrnof3i {n) a pie-<e of glass with a shiny metallic mateiralonooe side which
produces animage of anythingthat isin front of it
modern / modon/ (adj) usingthe newestideas.design. technology. etc.and not traditional

office lof1s/ (n) a mom or buildingwhere people work
GLOSSAYR UNLOCK READING ANO WRIITNGSKILL,$ I

GLOSSARY u·, i S ,O
Vocabulary Pronunciation Partof Definition

... speech
open /w pon/ (v) If a shopor ofticeopens ata particulartimeof day. it starts to
do
businessat that time.
park / po:k/ (n) alarge area of grass and trees In a city0< town.
wherepeoptecan
walk and enjoy themselves
plastic / plrestok/ (n) a light . ar rincialsubstance thal can be made intodifferentshapes
when it is soft
restaurant /rcs t r5o/ (n) a placewhereyou can buy and eat a meal
roof /ru:rt (n) the surface that covers the top of a buildingor vehicle
room / ru:m/ (n) a part of the inside of a building thatis separated from
otherparts
bywalls. noor and celling
shop /f op/ (n) a buildingor part of a buildingwhereyou can buy things
shopping mall /f o, p o ma:1/ (n) a large, covered shoppingarea
swimmingpool / sw1m10pu:1/ (n) anarea of water that hasbeen made forpeople to swim in
tall /to:1/ (adj) having a greater than average he,ght
traffic /tra:f ok/ (n) the cars. trucks. e tc. usinga road
wall /w :1/ (n) a vertical structur.eoftenmadeof stone orbrick that divdi es
or
SUl"tOunds something
window /wrndool (n) a space usually nlled withglassin the wall of a buildingor ina
vehicle. to allow lightand air inand 10 allow people inside the
buildingto seeout
UNIT S
apple /repol/ (n) ahatd, ,ound fruit thathas a greenor red skin andis white
Inside
banana /bo no:M/ (n) a tongcurved fruit with a yellow skin
bread /bred/ (n) a basic food made by mixingflour. water and sometimes yeast
carrot / k>.erot / (n) a long, thinorangevegetable thatgrowsin the ground
cheese /tfi: '1./ (n) a food made from milk. which caneither be rm or soft and is
usually yellow or white in colour
chef /Jcf / (n) a skilledand trained cook whoworks in a hot or restau1ont,
especially themost important cook
chocolate / tJoklot/ (n) a swee1. brown food that is usually sold in a block
d ish /do JI (n) food preparedin a particularway as partof a meal
egg /cg / (n) anoval object with a hardshell which is produced by female
birds.
especially chickens. and which is eaten asfood
sh /foJ / (n) ananimalthat livesonly in water and swims using its tailand
fins
mango / mreogool (n) a tropical fruit thathas a green skinandis orange inside
meat / mi:1/ (n) muscles and other soft partsof animals. used as food
mushroom / m, J ru: m/ (n) a typeof fungus with a short stemand a round top.some types
of
whichcan beeaten
orange / o rond:;/ (n) around, sweet fruit with a thick skin and a centre
thatisdivided
Into many equal parts
UNLCOC READINGANO WRITINGSKILLS I GLOS SARY •
I
pepper
Voabulary
:= Pronunciation
/pep:,/ :: (:
(n)
Definition
a bla,ck grey. white or red powder produced by crushing dry

peppercorns. which is used to give food a spicy flavour
potato /po1e11ou / (n) a round vegetable with a brown. yellow. o, red skin thatgrowsin the
ground
p,epare / pr,'pc:,/ (v) to make food ready to be eaten
rice / ra1s/ (n) small grainsfrom a plant thatarecookedand
eaten sauce /so: s/ (n) a thick liquid eaten with food to add flavour
serve /s3: v/ (v) to give someone foodor drink. e-speciatly guestsor customers
in a restaurant or bar
UNIT 9
bear /be:,/ (n) a large. strong, wildanimal with thickfur

bird /bo:d/ (n) ananimal thathas wings and feathers.and is usuallyab&e to
fly catch / kretf / (v) to take hotd of so,nething. es ially something thatis
moving
through the air
cub /kAbl (n) a youngbear.fox. lion, etc.
grass /gro :s/ (n) a common plant withnarrow green leaves that grows close to the
ground
hunt /h, nt / (v) to chase and kill wildanimals
insect il nsekt/ (n) a small c,eature with six legs: for example. a bee ora fly
layeggs /le, egz/ (v) If ananimal lays eggs. it produces them out of itsbody.
long /l oot (adj) used when askingfororgivinginformation about thedistanceof

something
rhino /ra1n-:,u / (n) , hinoceros
run /r. n/ (v) to moveon yourfeet ata faster speed than wakling
snake /s nc,k/ (n) a tong. thincreatu,e with no legs thatslidesalong the ground
spider is pa•d / (n) a small creature with eight long legs whichcatches insectsin a web
(• structurelike a net)
squid /skw1d/ (n) a sea creature with a tong body and ten longarms
strange / s1re ind3' {adJ) If something is strange. it is surprising because it is unusual or
unex ted.
unusual i, nju3 1/ (ad1) different and not0tdinary. often in a way that is
interesitngor exciting
weigh /we,/ (v) to have a heavinessof a stated amount, or to measure the heaviness
of anobject
wing / w,o/ (n) the nat partof the body thata bird uses for flying
wolf / wolf/ (n) a wild animal likea large dog
zebra /zebr / (n) an African animal like a horsewithblack andwhite lines
UNITIO
complete /k mpli:1/ (v) to write all thedetails asked foron a form0( other document
full / fol/ (adj) co ntaininga lot of thingsor people or a lot of something
GLOSSARY UNLOCK REAOING AN O WAITING SJ<I LLS 1
GLOSSARY u I r, , ,c
Vocabulary Pronunciation Part of ' Definition

speech
metro /mc1rou/ (n) an underground railway system in a
largecity motorbike /m3013ba Ik/ (n) a vehicle withrwowheels
and anengine occupation /o kjopc,fon/ (n) someone·sfob
percentage /p3sc n11d:;/ (n) anamount of something.oftenexpressed asa number out of 100
piechart / p, 1fo:1/
(n) a circle which is divided from its centre into several parts to show
a
ho,.v a total amoont is divided up
prefer / pr,'(3: / (v) to like someone o, somethingmore than another person or thing
public transport / p, bh k 1rrenspo:1/ (n) a Sy$tem of vehicles such as buses and trains whichopel'ateat
regular timeson fixed routes and are vs«!by the
public spend /s pen<V (v) to use timedoingsomething or being somewhere
ttafnc /1rref, k/ (n) the cars, trucks.etc. usinga road
traffic ;am /1rref, k d3om/ (n) a line of cars.lorries.e tc. that are moving slowlyor not moving ar
all the underground /Andograon d/ (n) the systemof trains thatisbuilt undef London
UNl OOC READING AND WRITING StCIU S I GLOSSARY

VIDEO SCRIPTS In Ind ia ...
Geeta lives in New Delhi.
She plans weddings. Geeta plans 500
UNIT 1 PEOPLE weddings a year. Three hundred people
Narrator: In this video, and in the course, work for Geeta.
you meet people from many different
countries. You learn about their jobs and The people in this video speak different
their families. languages and do different jobs. But
they alt have one thing in common:
In the United States ... they alt have interesting lives.
Amarel works in New York. She is a
teacher.
Amarel helps the children with their UNIT 2 EXTREME WEATHER
work and she asks them lots of Narrator: The northwest of the United
questions. States is an area with tallmountains
The children show Amarel what they and thick forests. The air is cold and so
are doing. there is snow - a tot of snow!- up to
about 15 metres a year. And when it is
In Mexico ...
windy,the snow becomes a blizzard. A
Sebastian is an artist.
blizzard is a snowstorm with very
Sebastian is famous in Mexico. His art is
strong winds.
important.
You cansee some very large pieces of In a blizzard, there is snow everywhere
Sebastian's art in Mexico City. - in the cities,in the country and on the
roads. A bl izzardis very dangerous.
In Italy ...
Many roads dose. When roads are
Angela Missoni lives in Milan.
open, drivers
She is a famous fashion designer and
can't see. A blizzard can last for three
she works with her family. '
hours andit is very cold. The temperature
They make beautiful clothes.
falls to minus 12 degrees Celsiu s.
In Egypt ...
The big, white cloud you can see here is
Yasmine lives in Cairo, where she
a storm. It is going toward the northwest
works for a fashion magazine.
of the United States. In the cold air of the
She talks on the phone to journalists
mountains, the storm becomes a
every day.
blizzard. Snow begins to fall from
She enjoys her job. Yasmine lives with
theclouds.
her mother and grandmother. They
help her with themagazine. Snow can be a big problem for people,
like the driver of this car.Near the
In South Africa ...
mountains and forest. there is more
David lives on the Cape Peninsula.
and more snow. He has a good car but
He is a fisherman.
it becomes stuck in the thick snow. He
David catches fish every day and he
leaves the car and tries to walk. But it
teaches his sons how to fish.
is
cold and he is far from thecity. Hegoes
back to his car. The car is a safe
place.
There are tomatoes to eat and water to
drink. The car is coldbut he can turn
on
VIDEO SCRIPTS UNl«K REAOING ANO WRJTING SKILlS 1
VIDEOSCRIPTS LI',,, ,
the engine to keep warm. Every day, UNIT 4 FRANCE
he cleans snow from the car so
Narrator: France is in Western Europe.
people can see him. This blizzard
It is famous for its culture, fine food and
lasts for 15 days.
beautiful countryside.
Finally, a policeman sees the car.
The driver is saved! The French flagis called theTricolore. It
is red, white and blue.
UNIT 3 LIFE UNDERGROUND Paris is the capital city of France.

Narrator: Coober Pedy, South Australia. Paris is an important city for
business and tourism.
It is hot here. The average temperature
can get as high as 55 degrees This is the Eiffel Tower. It is the most
Centigrade. How can peop le live here? famous place in Paris. Six million tourists
visit the tower every year. Another
The answer? They live underground. famous place is the Louvre. There are
They make houses from the rock. 30,000 works of art in this museum!
These houses are comfortable. Dust
can be a problem. But the people Tourists enjoy the fine food. There are 20
vacuum every day. Almost 3,000 people different kinds of bread and 350 different
live in houses like this one. But why do kinds of cheese in France, The food
people live in Coober Pedy? comes from the many farms in France.
They live here to work in the opalmines. France is also famous for its mountains,
This is an opal. You cansella good opal the Alps andPyrenees. The Tour de
for 50,000 dollars! Ninety-five percent of France bicycle race happens every year.
all opalin the world comes from The cyclists race all over France.
Australia. France is aninteresting place to visit.
Milena Telak is from Croatia. She is an
opal miner. Every day, Milena goes to
work in her opalmine. She likes her job.
She likes working underground. Milena
works with other miners. They use
bigmachines to cut the rock,
What do people in Coober Pedy do in

their free time? They play golf! It is too
hot to play in the day so they play at
night. They use bright green golf balls.
UNLOCK R.EAOING ANO WRITING SKILL$ I VIDEOSCRIPTS
UNIT 5 TAI-CHI AND SHAOLIN UNIT 6 DABBAWALLAS

KUNG-FU Narrator: India.Mumbai. This is a very busy
Narrat or: Life is busy in China. The city. The roads are crowded with people
people work hard. Health is important so and bicycles, cars and animal.sMumbai
sports and exercise are popular here. is an important city. There are many
One popular kind of exercise is Tai-chi. big companies and offices here.
Every morning. about 200 million The man on the bicycle is a 'dabbawalal'.
people in China do Tai-chi. It is A dabbawalla takes food to people
popular with women and men. Tai-chi in o ffices.
isa good kind of exercise for old
More than 200,000 workers in Mumbai
people. It is good for the body and for
want home-cookedfood.Dabbawallas
the mind. It is healthy and relaxing. Tai-
take food from smallkitchens like this and
chi is from China. It is hundreds of
deliver it to businesses and offices in the
years old. Tai-chi is a·soft•
city.Cooks put the foodinto a tiffin tin -
martial art. That means it is slow and
aspecial type of lunchbox.
calm.
The dabbawallas take the tiffin tins to
There are also' hard'martial arts. These
men are doing Shaolin Kung-fu. the train station.
Shaolin Kung-fu is over 1,500 years The dabbawallas put the tins in
old. Shaolin Kung-fu is fast and coloured bags or they paint symbols
dangerous. You have to be very fit on the tins. The colours and symbols
and strong to do 'hard' martial arts. show them where to take each lunch.
They put the lunches on the correct
The man in the brown clothes is
trains so they go to the correct person.
Master Li-Yu. He teaches Shaolin
Kung-fu to 30 young students. The The dabbawallas go by train, bicycle
students practise every day. They and on foot to deliver the lunches.
work hard. The students are young. There are about 5,000 dabbawallas in
Mumbai. The dabbawallas work very
Li-Yu: Kung-fu is difficult. You must
well. There is only one mistake in every
practise every move many times.
8 million deliveries.
Narrator: Sports like football and
basketball are also popular in China.
But martial arts like Tai-chi and Kung-
fu are part of Chinese culture and
history.
: VIDEO SCRIPTS UNLOCK READING ANO WlllTING SKILLS l
VIDEO SCRIPTS u1, 1 ; , Io
UNIT 7 BUILDING THE NEW UNIT 8 MEXICAN FOOD

SHANGHAI Narrator: Mexico is famous for its
Narrator: Today, cities are even bigger. beautiful beaches and old buildings.
busier and more exciting. The buildings The country is between the Gulf of
are taller, the lights are brighter and Mexico, the Pacific and the Caribbean
there is more traffic. Sea. I t is a beautiful place.
This is Shanghai. In 1990, around 14 Mexico has many big cities. The biggest is
million people livedhere. Now. there Mexico City.
are more than 23 million! It is important Food is very important to the people of
to build more homes here - and fast! Mexico. The first chocolate came from
These Mexico.
men work at night. They are building
apartments. Martha Ortiz lives in Mexico City. She is
a chef.Martha is opening a new
This is Vincent Lo. He is from Hong restaurant. There is lots of work to do.
Kong. Vincent's company makes Victo r Zapatero is helping Martha with
buildings in every part of China. Today the design of the restaurant.
Vincent is lookingat a new project in
Shanghai. Martha is going to a market. She needs
to buy food for the first night of the
Vincent: Over here, we'll have a restaurant. She finds what she wants.
swimming pool and a leisure centre.
She enjoys making the food. Martha is
This is the view. Over there is a park making a famous Mexican sauce. It is
and a lake. And here are offices. called mole. Martha uses chocolate to
Narrator: Vincent's company built make mole.
Xintiandi. Xintiandi means 'New heaven Everything is ready. Martha can now
and earth'. It is a new part of Shanghai. enjoy the first night of her new
restaurant.
The man with Vincent is Ben Wood.He
is an architect.He works for Vincent's
company. People like Vincent andBen
are working all over China to build
similar places to live.
UNLOCK REAOING ANO WR.IYING $ Kill$ I VIDEO SCRIPTS L
UNIT 9 SOUTH AFRICAN UNIT 10 TOKYO TRANSPORT

WILDLIFE Narrat or: Tokyo is one of the biggest
N arrator: Morning. South Africa. This is a cities in the world.
land of diversity.
Around 13 million people live here.
The savannah is the home of about 300 Every day, million s more come to
species of wildlife. Tokyo to work. Transport in the city is
very busy. How do people get to work?
These zebras travel in groups called
And how do they get around the cit y?
herds. They only stop to drink water or
eat grass. Tokyo has excellent public andprivate
transport. There are over 50,000 taxis.
And these are springboks. They are
And over 8 million passengers use the
popular in South Africa. Springbo ks are
urban rail system every day.
fast and tough.
The Shinkansen bullet train is a very fast
Many tourists come to South Africa
way to get to Tokyo. The trains travel at
from other countries. They come to see
up to 300 kilometres per hour. They are
the wildli fe. Lions and elephants are
very efficient. They are almost never late.
the most popular animals.But there are
many other interesting animalsin South Another popular way to commute to
Africa. Tokyo is by plane. The flight between
Tokyo and Sapporo, in Nor th Japan, is
Here is one of them. The rhino is one
the busiest in the world. More than10
of the most powerful animals in the
million passengers take this journey
world. This rhino isalmost 2,000 every year.
kilograms.
But he can run at 40 kilometres per hour. You can check in with your mobile phone.
It is not the fastest animal in the world.
A modern and efficient transport system
But it can be one of the most
is a very important part of everyday lifein
dangerous.
Tokyo.
South Africa also has a diverse sea life .
There are more than 11,000 species of
plants and animals in or near South
Africa's oceans.
Penguins are perhaps the most unusual

animals you cansee in South Africa. Four
thousand penguins live on Boulders
Beach near Cape Town. They are not
afraid of people! Penguins are very
popular with the tourists in South Africa.
South Africa is a land of diversity.

VI0[O SCRIPTS UNLOCK READINGANO WRITING SKIU.S 1
p.149(6,7,8): iStockphoto/Thinkstock; p.149(9): C> Mariyana
Mlsaleva/Shutterstock:p.149(10): Stockbytc/fhinkstock:
p.149(11): iStockphoto/fhinkstock; p.149(n):0 Viktar
Molyshchyt.</Shutterstock:pp.158'159:0 01.e Jor,gcn
Lioddcn/Plain Pkturc;p.l6J(1):0 'fui Ot Roy/Minden
Pkturcs?PLPA; p. 163(2): C, Steffan & Alexandra Sailcr/Ardca;
p.163(3): Foto NaturllStock/FLPA: p. t63(4):0 Steve
Downer/ A.rdea; p.169:0 Paul Souders/Corbis; pp.176/177:0
'l'hanapol Marattan3/GcttyImages; p.184:4) Barry
Lcwis/Corbis,
All videos stills bykindpermission of O Discovery
CommunicationsLLC2014
Corpus
Development of th.i$ publlc.alion hasmade useofthe
Cambridge English Corpus(CEC).TheCEC is a multi-billion
wordcomputer database ofcontemporary spo-ktnand written
Eng)ish. It includes British English, American Eng)ish and
othervarietiesof £nglish. h also include$ the Cambridge
Learner Corpus.developed incollal>oration withCambridge
Eog)isb Languogc A.sscssmeot.
Ulustradons
UIU$trations: RudolrFarkas (BceMve Jllus1ration) p 79;
FioMCowen,p78; MartinSanders(Beehive lllustntion) pp
41,77, 178(map);Simon Tegg pp 39, s•, 129
Picture l't$tarch by Alison Prior
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Auth o r ackn o wledgcrncnts
Q3t-arSlcills Academy, Qa1ar; Josh Round, Saint
Firstof all,r would like to thank my studcnls ;:i.nd
George hue rnationa,l UK; Harika S3gli<:ak, Bogazid
colleagues in University, Turkey;Asli Sarncoglu, lsik University.
AlAin and Abu Dhabiwho have inspired1hi$book.Thanks 'lurkey: N•il S.rkar.
we.II to theeditorsof thisbook: Nik White, Janet
.1$
Ealing, Hammersmith and West London College, UK; Nancy
Weller, Barry"fodmai1 and Fra11 Oiskcn, Thebiggest Shepherd. Bahrain University, 8ahl'3in;Jonathan Smith,
thank you g s to my husband, Robert Ryan, for Sabanci Vnivcr5,ity, Turk<:y; Peter Smith, United Arab Emirates
hisendlesssupport and cncourn,gcment Univer5ity, VAE;AdemSoruc, Fatih University lslanbul,
Sabin3 Ostrowska Turkey; Dr PtterStanfield, HCT. Madina t Zaye<l & Ruwais
Pu blis her 's a ckn ow lcd gc mc nl.S Colleges, UAE; Maria AgataSzc,;etbi'4 Uni1cd Arab Emfrate.s
Thepublishersareextremely grateful to thefollowing people University,Al Ain, UAE; Burcu Te1..can• Unal. 8ilgi Univtrsity,
and the it students for revic...i.ng and trialling this courst Turkey; Or Nakonthcp Tipaya.supn.rat, Rangsit University,
during itsdcvelopmc1\l. The GOu r$e has bcncfitOO hugcJy Thailand; Scott1"hornbury. The NewSchool. New York, USA;
lrom your ins·ightfulcomments,advice and (ctdback. Sus;m Toth, HCT, Dub;ii Men'sCampus:, Dubai. UA£; Mclin
Una.I, Ege Uni\'ersity. l:imir, Turkey; Aylin Unaldi. 8ogazic;i
Mr M.K. Adjibade, King Saud University.S3udi Arabia;
University, Turkty:Colleen Wackrow. PrincessNourah bint
Canan Aktug, 8ut$o1Tcc.bnica.l University, Turkey;Olwyn
Abdulrahman University, Riyadh,Saudi Ar3bia; Gordon
Alexander, Heriot Watt University, UK: Valerie Anisy,
\Vatts, Study Group, Brighton UK; Po ng Wcndel.kin,
Damman University,Sa udi Arabia; A.nwar AJ-fc1lawi, INTO at Univtrsity o(East Anglia, UK; HalimeYildit,
Univtl'$ily of Sharjah, UAf Laila AI-Qadh i, Kuwait Bilkent
Univtrtity, Kuwait; Taha.ni A1·13ha, UniveNit)' of Dubai, University, Anka.rn,1\Jrkey; Ferhat Yilmai. Kahramaninaras
UAE;Ozlcm Atalay, Middle £a.st Technical University, Sutc.u Imam University, Turkey.
Turkey;Seda Metter Ataygul, Bursa Technical Unh·ers-ity
Turkey; Harika Altug, Special thanks to Peter tucantoni for sharing his expertise,
8-og.-iz.ici University, Turkey; Kv.-ab Asa.re, University bo1h ptdagogka1 andcultural.
of
We.stminster, UK; £rdogan 63d.-i, Cukurova Uni\•crs- Photo a<kn o g e m<'nt s
ity, wl<d'
Turkey:Cem Bakikanli, 037.i Universily,·ru rkey; Caye United Arab Emirates Univers-ily, UA£;1'roy Priest, 2.ly«I
Bayri, Anadolu University, Turkey; Meher Ben University, UAE; Alison Ram•g< Paumon.)eddoh,Saudi
khdar,Sohar University,Omani Emma Biss,Girne American Ambia; Paul Rogers,
Un.ivers-ity. UK; Dogan Bulut, MelHwh Universit)', Turkey;
Sintm Uur1 TED University, Turkey; AU.son Chisholm,
UnivetStiy o( Sussex, UK; Or. Panidnad Chulerk,
Rang.sit University, Thailand;ScdatCilingir, Bilgi
University', Istanbu l, Turkey; Sarah Clark_, Nottingham
1'rent International College, UK; ElaineC0<kt rham,
Higher CollegeofTechnology.Mu.seal, Oman; Asli Ocrin,
Uilgi Univtrsity,Turkey;Steven Douglass, Univtrsity
ofSunderland, UK; Jacqueline F.iner, 53band University,
l\,rk y; BasakEre.I, Anadolu University, Turkey; Handt
Lena Erol, Piri ReisMaritime University,Turkey; Gulseren
Cyuboglu, Ozycgin University,1\:Jrkey; Muge Cenccr.
Kemerburgaz University, 1\Jrkey; Jeff Gibbons. King Fahed
University of Petroleum and Miner3J,sS.ludi Arabia;
MaxineGilway, Bristol University, UK;
OrChristin3Gitsaki. HCf, Dubai Men'sCollege, UAE:Sa.m
Fenwick.Sohar Univtr$ity, Oman ; Peter Frey,
lntcrnatiooal Hou.st, Doha, Qatar; Neil Harris, Swansc-a
University, UK; Vicki Hayden, Collegeo(the Nonh
Atlantic,Qatar; Joud Jabri-Pickett.
United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE; Ayscl
Kilic, Anadolu University, Turkey; Ali Kimav, Anadolu
University, Turkt)'i 6.th,u Kiiiltunali, lzmir University of
Economics, Turkey; Kami! Koc,Oicl K3Simoglu Coskun
Usi:si,Turkey; lpck Kor man-Tt-1.ta.n, Yeditcpc University,
Turkey; Philip Lodg,, Dubai Men'sColl<g•, VAil; lain
Mackl<, Al Rowdah University, Abu Dhab.i UAE;
Katherine Mansfield, Univcf$ity o(We.stminstcr, UK;
Kassim Mas.tan, KingSaud University, Saud i Arabia;
Elspeth McConne ll, Newham College, UK; Laurie!
Mehdi, American Univcf$ityofSh.1rjah, UA.E; Dornndo
Mirkin•Oick, Bell tnternatjonal Institute, UK;
OrSita Musigrung$i., PrinccofSongkla University,
Hatyai, Thailand; Mark Neville, Al Hosn University. Abu
Dhabi, UAE;Sh irleyNorton, London School o(Eng.lish,
UK; James Openshaw, British StudyCentres, UK; Hale
Ottolini, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Turkey; David
Palmer, University of Dubai, UAE. Michael Paiinas,
The authorsand publishersaek.nowledge the following
sources c-0pyr ig.h1material and arc-grateCul (or the
permissions o
granted. While everyeffon hasbeen made, it has not
always been possible 10 identify the sourcesor all the
ma1criaJ ustd, or to trace all copyright holders.
If3nyomissionsarebrought 10our notice) we will
l>ehappy to include1heappropriate
ack.nowled,gcmentson reprinting.
p.11: (1)0 Eric Limon/Shutten:10<-k; p.12:(1)
C>.sie(ai/ Shutterstock; p.12:()) 0 Steven Vidler/Eurasia
Pre-SS/Corb is; pp.14/1s: OMitchell Funk/Cetty
Images:;p.19: Al.lstar Picture Library/Alamy; p.11(TJ:0
Bernd Thissen/epa /Co rbis; p.21(8): llurnk/Cetty !
mases: p.16( L): lmag•source/Alamy; p.26(R): 0
Tokayuik/Shuttm10,k; pp.31/330 Maurizio
Rellini/SOPA/Corbis; p.J◄(L ): F wwidall/Ceuy lmas<S:
p.34(C): Ocean/Corbis; p.34(R):0 Jose Luis P<lacz/lnc;
p.,17(T): RIA NO\'OSti/Alamy; p.37(8):0 Bill
Bachman/C<tty Images: P-39:O Kamira/Shunm,oek;
pp.solsi: O Lon<ly Planet/Cotty Images: p.ss('r):
Aurcmar/Shu1tm1oek:p.ss(R): 0 Sorgey
Vryadnikor/Alamy: p,ss(L): O Anders Ryman/ Alamy:
pp.68/69: Momatiu- k EaSlcott/Corbis; p.n:Getty
lmasc,s: p.7s:0 AFP/C.ity Images; p.77(L):PhotoCemn/
Shun,rstod;:p.77(R):Ocean/Corbis; pp.86/87:0 Justin
8aili,J Aur<>rn Photos/Corbis;p.91(C)0: Chris
Hclgren/Corbsi; p.91(8):0 Thomas M<lze/rCorbis;
p.91(T): European Spor1, Photogn;phic Agcncy/Alamy;
p.930: Stua.rt Freedman/ Corbis;p.94:O AFP/Ceuy
Images; pp.104/ios:O Calen Rowell/Corbis; pp.111/u J:
lmagin•Chin:t/Corbis; p.127('fR): Jetta
Produ<tions/Ceny!mases:p.117(TL): CellyImages;
p.117(TC): p.117(TC): O<eonpho1ostudio; p.n7(CR):
OLada Hrsnk & Oaoielle Hui$& Thomas l,enden: p.131:
HemisJ SuperStO<k; pp.140 .1 410:
Si,veVidler/Corbi$; p.14s(TL): Marxman
lmages/Alamy; p.1-1s(BR): C Danita Dclimont;
p.14s(BL): Caza Press/ RexFea1ures: p.146(1): O
Viktar Malyschchyst/Shunemock; p.11, 6(1):
l.ithian/Shunerstock; p.146(,J: Mon1iclelo/Shu1tm
tock;p.146(4):0 Angelo Cil•rdelli/Shuttm tock;
p.147(T): Zurijetn/Shullerstock; p.147(C):0 Andrew
Watson/ Alaroy;p.147(8):0 Tim Hill/ Alamy; p.149(1):0
lilya Akinshin/Shunmtock; p. >49(1,3,4):
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81!

Unlock your potential and prepare for

o Exciting video from Discovery

o A fresh approach to crit ical thinking

ru lf't!Md.-,,dlo •liw...-ml$.l• k"'

Sy,t.m Requirem t'flts lt r• -•11. ·

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University Printing HOu$C, Camb ridge C828BS, United Kingdom

Cambridge University Press is partof theUniversity of Cambridge.

UNIT 6 Jobs 104

UNIT7 Homes and buildings 122

UNITS Food and culture 140

UNIT9 Theanimal kingdom 158

Video scripts 202

1PEOPLE People Key ,codingskill: Family vocabulary

2SEASONS Extreme Key r,od ing skill: Adjectives to describe the

6JOBS Dabbawallas K•y reading skill: Vocabulary for jobs(e.g. vet.

UNLc.?CI( ltEAOINGANO WIUTINGSK'l l.lS 1

CRITICAL lHINKING WRITING

Nouns and verbs • Analyze a family tree Academic writing skills;

Academic writing skills:

Sports collocations • Createa ideas Academic wd ti ng kills

Adjective phrases • Complete a Acod, mic writing skills:

UNLOCK REAOING ANOWRITING Sl<ILLS l M/,POF TH E. B OO K

7HOMESAND Building t he Key reading ski/I: Vocabulary for buildi ngs

MAP OF THE BOO :< UNL«K R£A0INGANOWRITING SKLI lS 1

Grammar for writing: • Compare Academicwriting skills:

can and cannot • Analyze a table of facts Academicwtitingskills:

Quantifier> Academic wrir;ng skills:

UNLOCK UNIT STRUCTURE

UNLOCK READING ANO WRITINGSKIU S l

Thought-provokingvideos ' ' The. vid.eo WM xe. aUent !

UN LOCK REAOING ANO WfUTING SKILLS 1

••• compare.discuss. testat•e

Table 3.4: Average lemper.uures and rainfall in Ula,nnbaatu, Mongolia

UNLO'CK READING ANDWRITING Sk'.lllS I

1 Re3d thesentence-s 0-7)andwrite thebold wordsintMcorrect pfa.ce-s in

GRAMMAR FOR WRITING• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ••

1 Read thetexts{A ind 8) ind write om.;s or (J(tIn the gaps. •

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS)

U N Lt'l( "JC REAOING ANO WRITING SKILLS I

Student"s Book and Online

*eBoo k available from www.cambridge.rog/unlock

Student's Book andOnline

The complete course audio is available from "

UNLOCK R.EAOING ANO WAJTING S101.LS 1

Watch and understand a video about people and

Reading skills Preview a text

Academic writing skills Use capital letters and fullstops in sentences

Writing task Write descriptive sentences

Amarel New York,

Sebastian He is an art ist.

Angela M ilan, Italy

Yasmine She wo rks for a

David The Cape Penin

Geeta She plans

l O Watch the video again. Complete the sentences below with

beautiful different interesting famous

The people in the video do jobs.

UNLOCIC I\EAOING ANDWRITINGSKIU.S 1 WATCH ANOLISTEN 17

UNDERSTANDING I a a book b a magazine

languages city birth <country

KIMMING SCANNING TO FIND I My hobbies and interests My address My life Myfamily