Name Definition Medical Intervention Nursing Intervention

Hypoproliferativ Hypoproliferative  If the patient is unstable, at risk or the The nurse also should monitor vital signs
e Anemia anemia is defined rate of fall of the hemoglobin is rapid, then and oxygen saturation. When hemoglobin is
by the production of the patient should be admitted and low, the heart compensates by increasing
an inadequate transfused. the workload, producing initial symptoms of
number of  Most information can be retrieved after tachycardia, palpitations, and dyspnea.
erythrocytes to the transfusion but it is very helpful to Long-term effects would include
maintain obtain a direct Coombs, iron study, B12 cardiomegaly and hepatomegaly
homeostasis. The study, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and a
hallmark is low peripheral smear prior to the transfusion
reticulocyte count, if possible. ‘ Fatigue is a distressing symptom for most
which may be due  Be cautious in transfusion since individuals with anemia. Nursing
to bone marrow chronically anemic patients may be in interventions should be directed at
failure, bone high output failure and may also increase establishing balance between activities in
marrow their plasma volume, putting them at the day, planning rest periods, and
replacement, increased risk for volume overload. establishing a physical activity program
inflammation, or If, in the setting of a hypoproliferative anemia,
nutritional the patient also has: a globulin greater than 4, The nurse should educate the patient about
deficiencies. renal failure, severe bone pain, neurologic how to take iron supplements and
symptoms, or severe neutropenia (absolute additional vitamins. Taking vitamin C with
neutrophil count less than 1000); then you are iron helps absorption. 
dealing with a possible medical emergency and a
hematologist should be involved immediately
without waiting for lab results to return.

Hemolytic Hemolytic anemia is Treatments for hemolytic anemia include blood Patients with acute blood loss or severe
Anemia a disorder in which transfusions, medicines, plasmapheresis (PLAZ- hemolysis may have decreased tissue
red blood cells are meh-feh-RE-sis), surgery, blood and marrow perfusion from decreased blood volume or
destroyed faster stem cell transplants, and lifestyle changes. reduced circulating erythrocytes, so
than they can be People who have mild hemolytic anemia may not transfusion of blood would be necessary.
 made. The need treatment, as long as the condition doesn't
destruction of red worsen. People who have severe hemolytic Assess Medication history. Some
blood cells is anemia usually need ongoing treatment. Severe medications can depress bone marrow
called hemolysis. hemolytic anemia can be fatal if it's not properly activity, induce hemolysis, or interfere with
Red blood cells treated. folate metabolism.
carry oxygen to all Dietary history. A dietary history is
parts of your body. important; vegetarians are more likely to
If you have a lower develop iron deficiency unless their diet is
than normal supplemented with iron
amount of red blood
cells, you
have anemia.

Bleeding Stopping bleeding Asses History of hemorrhage. Bleeding is

Usually iron supplements the most common cause of iron deficiency,
For large or rapid blood loss, the source of either from parasitic infection (hookworm)
bleeding must be found and the bleeding or other causes of blood loss; with bleeding
stopped. Transfusion of red blood cells may be from most orifices (hematuria,
needed. hematemesis, hemoptysis), patients will
With slow or small blood loss, the body may present before they develop chronic iron
produce enough red blood cells to correct the deficiency anemia; however,
anemia without the need for blood transfusions gastrointestinal bleeding may go
when the bleeding is stopped. unrecognized.
Because iron, which is required to produce red
blood cells, is lost as a result of bleeding, most Monitor platelet count; instruct the
people who have anemia due to bleeding need to client/caregivers about bleeding
take iron supplements, usually tablets, for precautions.
several months. Sometimes they are given iron Anticipate the need for a platelet
intravenously. transfusion once the platelet count drops to
a very low value.
Assess the skin for bruises and petechiae.