carrier – company that transports or conveys goods

freight forwarder – person or business that arranges documentation and travel

facilities for companies dispatching goods to customers

supplier - company which supplies parts or services to another company; also

called vendor

haulage contractor/haulier - company which carries goods by road

courier - company that specializes in the speedy and secure delivery of small
goods and packages

consignee - person to whom goods have been shipped or turned over for care

transshipment - loading goods from one means of carriage onto another

break-bulk - packing goods in small, separable units

cross-docking - direct flow from warehouse to shipping, bypassing storage

order picking - picking up goods at a named place

reserve logistics - collecting and handling of used or damaged goods or reusable

equipment

tracking and tracing - locating items in transit

warehousing - receiving and storing goods

collection - selecting and assembling items from stock for shipment

Economies of scale - Reducing costs and increasing production

Buffer stock - Goods kept in store to cover unforeseen shortages in demand

Factory gate pricing - Transport cost are not include in the purchase price of a
product

Supply chain - The close co-operation of all parties involved in the making,
selling, and delivering of a product

Tender - An offer for goods or services that follows a request for a quotation made
by an official body

Lead time is the time - it takes to produce and supply a product

Procurement is - The purchasing of goods required to run an enterprise

A retailer is a business - That buy products from wholesalers and resells them to
the ultimate consumers

Customer order cycle time is the time - customers are prepared to wait for the
delivery of their order

A wholesaler is - An intermediary between manufactures and retailers which buys

in large quantities and resells in smaller quantities

JIT – just in time is a concept - of reducing inventories by co-ordinating the

delivery of materials just before they are needed

multimodal - Carriage of goods by at least two different modes of transport

piggyback - Combines road and rail transport

intermodal - Goods are transported in the same loading unit or vehicle using
different modes of transport

unaccompanied - The driver does not stay with his road vehicle during transport
by rail or ferry

block train - A single shipper uses a whole train which is run directly from the
loading point to the destination

single-wagon - Train is formed out of individual wagons or sets of wagons which

have different origins and different destinations

FCL – full container load

3PL – third party logistics

HGV – heavy goods vehicle

DC – distribution center

LCL – less than a container load

EDI – electronic data interchange

VAS – valued added service

RFID – radio frequency identification

ISO – International Organization of Standardization

GPS – global procurement services

DSD – Direct store delivery

CM – Category management

VMI – Vendor-managed inventory

CRP – Continuous replenishment

QR – Quick response

BIL – Bill of Lading

DLP – Documents against payment

TXW – ex works

CIF – cost, insurance, freight

ANB – air way bill

IMO – instant money order

BIE – bill of exchange

LC – letter of credit