J1000 Installation and Operation Manual Iss5.0 NARA40D

J1000
1,000 Watt
AM Broadcast
Transmitter
Installation and Operation Manual
Issue 5.0 ................................... 10 May 2016
Nautel Limited
10089 Peggy's Cove Road,
Hackett's Cove, NS, Canada B3Z 3J4
T.877 6 nautel (628835) or +1.902.823.2233
F.+1.902.823.3183 info@nautel.com
U.S. customers please contact:

Nautel Inc.
201 Target Industrial Circle, Bangor ME 04401
T.877 6 nautel (628835) or +1.207.947.8200
F.+1.207.947.3693 info@nautel.com
e-mail: support@nautel.com
www.nautel.com
 Copyright 2016 NAUTEL. All rights reserved.

Warranty
by Nautel Limited/Nautel Inc. (herein after referred to as Nautel)
Nautel guarantees all mechanical and electrical parts of Nautel Transmitters for a period of
forty-eight months, and all other Nautel manufactured equipment for a period of twelve months
from date of shipment, provided the equipment has been installed, operated and maintained in
accordance with Nautel’s recommendations, and the equipment has not been misused,
neglected or modified. Nautel’s liability is limited, at the absolute discretion of Nautel, to
repairing or replacing returned equipment that to the satisfaction of Nautel has been found
defective.
1. Properly qualified technical personnel must install, maintain, and repair the equipment in accordance with
Nautel recommendations and good engineering practice.
2. A "Part Failure" shall be deemed to have occurred when the part has become defective, or does not have the
characteristics required for the specified equipment performance:
a. when the equipment is operated within the design parameters, and

b. when the equipment is installed and adjusted according to Nautel's prescribed procedures as stated in the
instruction manual.
3. Nautel shall provide replacements for all "Parts" to the Buyer when they become defective during the warranty
period, and upon the return of the defective part. Replacement parts warranty to be 90 days or end of original
warranty; whichever comes first.
4. If the Buyer receives a replacement module, as part of Nautel’s module exchange program, the old module
must be returned to Nautel within 30 days of receipt of the new module, at the buyers expense. If the old
module is not received after 30 days, the customer will be invoiced. The buyer is responsible for installing the
replacement/repaired module in the transmitter.
5. In the event that a "Part" fails during the warranty period and causes damage to a subassembly which cannot
be readily repaired in the field, the entire subassembly so damaged may be returned to Nautel for repair. The
repairs will be made without charge to the Buyer.
6. Written authorization must be obtained before returning any equipment or goods for any reason. Equipment or
goods returned under this warranty shall be delivered to Nautel's premises at the Buyer’s expense. Where no-
charge warranty replacements or repairs are provided under items 2, 3, 4, or 5, Nautel will pay that part of the
shipping costs incurred in returning the part/assembly to the Buyer. Note: the Buyer is responsible for any and
all import fees, duties or taxes.
7. Nautel does not warrant or guarantee, and will not be liable for:
a. defects or failures caused in whole or in part by abuse, misuse, unauthorized repair attempts,
unauthorized alteration or modification of the equipment;
b. equipment built to customer specifications that is later found not to meet customer needs or expectation;
c. performance of equipment when it is used in combination with other equipment not purchased, specified,
or approved by Nautel;
d. damages and performance limitations due to outside forces such as lightning, excessive heat or cold,
excessive AC surges or high corrosive environments;
e. changes made by personnel other than Nautel authorized personnel, including charges incurred; and
f. for any costs for labor performed by the customer without Nautel’s prior written approval.
8. Nautel does not warrant that software:
a. is free or errors, bugs or defects;

b. will be compatible with third party software;
c. results, output or data provided through or generated by the software are accurate, complete, or reliable;
and
d. errors found will be corrected.
J1000 Installation and Operation Manual Issue 5.0

Warranty Information Page 1
9. Nautel shall have the right and shall be provided full access to investigate whether failures have been caused by factors
beyond its control.
10. In no event shall Nautel be liable for any consequential damages arising from the use of this equipment
11. This warranty is in lieu of all other express warranties of Nautel, whether express or implied, and Nautel does not assume,
nor is any other person authorized to assume on Nautel's behalf, any other obligation or liability.
12. Third party items ordered, the guarantee/warranty of these items will be from the manufacturer of these items. Exercise of
such warranty shall be between the Buyer and the third party provider.
13. Nautel provides telephone and email support for its products for the life of the product at no charge. After the warranty period,
parts and on-site support for the equipment are offered at a rate to be determined upon request.
Customer Service Notice

A ‘Technical Assistance’ and ‘Plug-in Module Exchange’ service is available to Nautel users.
All equipment being returned to Nautel and all requests for repairs or replacements should be marked with a Nautel provided
RMA number and addressed to the appropriate Nautel facility:
Nautel Limited Nautel Inc.

10089 Peggy's Cove Road 201 Target Industrial Circle
Hackett's Cove, NS, Canada B3Z 3J4 Bangor, ME, USA 04401
Tel: 902-823-2233/Fax: 902-823-3183 Tel: 207-947-8200/Fax: 207-947-3693
24 Hour Answering Service (902) 823-3900 Toll Free (877) 662-8837
Issue 5.0 J1000 Installation and Operation Manual

Page 2 Warranty Information
Factory Support
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Nautel's field service department provides telephone technical assistance 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Requests via facsimile
or e-mail received after Nautel's normal working hours are responded to the next working day. Contact the appropriate field service
centre from the following:
U.S.A. customers use: Nautel Incorporated T.+1.207.947.8200 (24 hours) or 877 6 nautel (628835)
201 Target Industrial Circle F.+1.207.947.3693
Bangor, Maine 04401
All other customers use: Nautel Limited T. +1.902.823.3900 (24 hours) or 877 6 nautel (628835)
10089 Peggy’s Cove Road, F. +1.902.823.3183
Hackett’s Cove, NS, Canada E-Mail support@nautel.com
B3Z 3J4 Web www.nautel.com
MODULE EXCHANGE SERVICE

In order to provide Nautel customers with fast and efficient service in the event of a problem, Nautel operates a factory rebuilt
module exchange service which takes full advantage of the high degree of module redundancy in Nautel equipment. This module
exchange service is operated from Nautel’s factory in Bangor, Maine and Hackett’s Cove, Nova Scotia. These two locations allow
us to provide a quick turn around service to keep our customers on the air. During the transmitter’s warranty period, up to 48
months from shipment, repair and exchange of modules is at no charge to the customer. When the warranty has expired, a charge
of 80% of the list price for all exchanged modules is made. If the faulty module is returned to Nautel within 30 days, a credit is
issued reducing this charge by one half to 40% of the list price. U.S.A. customers are required to contact our Bangor, Maine
facility. Canadian and overseas customers should contact our Nova Scotia, Canada facility.
EQUIPMENT BEING RETURNED TO NAUTEL

For all equipment being returned to Nautel and all requests for repairs or replacements:
 Obtain an RMA number from Nautel (you must have an RMA number to return equipment)
 Mark the item as 'field return'
 Mark the item with the RMA number assigned by Nautel
 Address the item to the appropriate Nautel facility
Please provide complete and accurate information regarding the equipment being returned. This will ensure Nautel can provide
prompt attention so that replacement parts can be shipped as soon as possible. Refer to the nameplate on the transmitter and/or the
appropriate module/assembly to obtain name, type, part and serial number information. Refer to the parts list of this manual or the
appropriate service instruction manual for additional ordering information.
The following information should accompany each request:
* Model of Equipment
* Serial number of Equipment
* Name of Part/Assembly
Serial number of Part/Assembly
* Complete reference designation of Part/Assembly
* Nautel's part number of Part/Assembly
* OEM's part number of Part/Assembly
Number of hours in Use
Nature of defect
* Return shipping address
* Denotes minimum information required to order spare/replacement parts

Factory Support Page 1
SAFETY
Symbols
The following are general definitions for safety symbols used on the equipment or in the Installation and
Operation Manual:
DANGER – HIGH VOLTAGE
Indicates dangerous voltages (in excess of 72 volts), capable of causing a fatal

electrical shock, are present on or near parts bearing this label.
GROUND (EARTH)
Used with wiring terminals to indicate the terminal must be connected to earth ground
before operating equipment. If power is supplied without grounding the equipment,
there is a risk of receiving a severe or fatal electrical shock. Also used on electrical
schematics to indicate a part that is connected to earth ground.
GROUND (PROTECTIVE or SAFETY)
Used with protective (safety) conductor terminals to indicate the terminal must be
connected to ground before operating the equipment. If power is supplied without
grounding the equipment, there is a risk of receiving a severe or fatal electrical shock.
WARNING A WARNING denotes a hazard. It identifies an operating procedure or condition

which, if not strictly observed or adhered to, could result in injury or death to
personnel. Throughout the Installation and Operation Manual, a WARNING will
immediately precede the text to which it applies.
CAUTION A CAUTION denotes a hazard. It identifies an operating procedure or condition

which, if not strictly observed or adhered to, could result in damage to, or destruction
of the equipment. Throughout the Installation and Operation Manual, a CAUTION
will immediately precede the text to which it applies.
NOTE A NOTE denotes important information pertaining to an operating procedure,

condition, statement, etc., which is essential to highlight. A NOTE may precede or
follow the text to which it applies.

Safety Information Page 1
SAFETY
Toxic Hazard Warning
There may be devices used in this equipment containing beryllium oxide ceramic, which is non-
hazardous during normal device operation and under normal device failure conditions. These devices
are specifically identified in the equipment parts list(s) by including ‘BeO’ in the part’s description.
DO NOT cut, crush or grind devices because the resulting dust may be HAZARDOUS IF INHALED.
Unserviceable devices should be disposed of as harmful waste.

Page 2 Safety Information
Contents Page
1 GENERAL INFORMATION 1-1
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1-1

1.2 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF MANUAL 1-1
1.3 PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT 1-1
1.4 TEST EQUIPMENT 1-1
2 PREPARATION FOR USE AND INSTALLATION 2-1
2.1 PREPARATION FOR USE 2-1

2.1.1 Transmitter Weights and Dimensions 2-1
2.1.2 Transmitter Clearances 2-2
2.1.3 Cooling 2-2
2.1.4 Heating 2-2
2.1.5 Work Area 2-2
2.1.6 Ac Power Switch 2-2
2.1.7 Lightning Protection 2-2
2.1.8 Station Reference Ground 2-2
2.1.9 AC Power Source 2-2
2.1.9.1 Ac Wiring 2-2
2.1.10 Antenna Feed Cable 2-3
2.1.11 Antenna/RF Output Disconnect 2-3
2.1.12 Antenna Tower 2-3
2.1.13 External Control/Monitor Wiring 2-3
2.1.14 Electrical Power 2-3
2.1.14.1 Voltage Stability 2-3
2.1.14.2 Power Consumption 2-4
2.1.14.3 External Ac Switching 2-4
2.1.15 Antenna System 2-4
2.1.15.1 Antenna System – Digital Modulation 2-4
2.1.15.2 RF Feed Cable 2-4
2.1.15.3 Interface Protection Option 2-4
2.1.16 External RF Drive Source 2-5
2.1.16.1 Carrier Frequency Signal 2-5
2.1.16.2 10 MHz Frequency Reference 2-5
2.1.17 Internal/External RF Driver Source
Selection 2-5
2.1.18 Modulating Audio 2-5
2.1.18.1 Conventional AM Broadcast 2-6
2.1.18.2 Digital Operation (External Phase Component)2-6
2.1.18.3 Digital Operation HD Radio 2-6
2.1.19 Audio Pass Band Selection 2-6
2.1.20 External Interlocks 2-7
2.1.21 Remote Control Circuits 2-7
2.1.21.1 On/Off Control 2-8
2.1.21.2 Main Exciter Selection 2-8
2.1.21.3 Preset Power Level Selection 2-8
J1000 Installation and Operation Manual May 10.16

Contents Page
2.1.21.4 Power Level Adjust Select 2-8
2.1.21.5 System Reset 2-9
2.1.21.6 Auto/Manual 2-9
2.1.22 Other Remote Controls 2-9
2.1.22.1 PDM (RF) Inhibit Control 2-9
2.1.23 Serial Port 2-9
2.1.24 RF Performance Monitoring 2-9
2.1.24.1 RF Monitor Sample 2-9
2.1.24.2 Forward Power Level 2-11
2.1.24.3 Reflected Power Level 2-11
2.1.24.4 B+ Volts Sample 2-11
2.1.24.5 Total Dc Current Sample 2-11
2.1.25 Remote Alarm Indications 2-11
2.1.25.1 Exciter Fail Alarm 2-11
2.1.25.2 Battery Alarm 2-11
2.1.25.3 High VSWR Alarm 2-11
2.1.25.4 Shutdown/Cutback Alarm 2-11
2.1.25.5 Changeover Alarm 2-12
2.1.25.6 Modulation Protection Alarm 2-12
2.1.25.7 Pwr Module Fail Alarm 2-12
2.1.25.8 Low Ac Alarm 2-12
2.1.25.9 External Interlock Alarm 2-10
2.1.25.10 LVPS Fail Alarm 2-12
2.1.26 Remote Status Indications 2-12
2.1.26.1 Remote Control Status 2-12
2.1.26.2 RF On Status 2-12
2.1.26.3 Exciter B Status 2-12
2.1.26.4 Auto Status 2-12
2.1.26.5 RF Power Level Status 2-13
2.1.27 Parts Supplied by Nautel 2-13
2.1.27.1 Reject Load 2-13
2.1.28 Parts Not Supplied by Nautel 2-13
2.1.29 Test Equipment and Special Tools 2-13
2.1.30 Available Options 2-14
2.1.30.1 Standby Exciter Option 2-14
2.1.30.2 User-Supplied Cabinet Option 2-14
2.1.30.3 Nautel Cabinet Option 2-14
2.1.30.4 Spares Kit Option 2-14
2.1.30.5 Interface Protection Unit Option 2-14
2.1.30.6 Frequency Change Kit Option 2-14
2.2 INSTALLATION 2-15
2.2.1 Accepting the Shipment 2-15
2.2.2 Unpacking Instructions 2-15
2.2.3 Visual Inspection 2-15
2.2.4 RF Output Connector 2-19
2.2.5 Cabinet Installation 2-19
2.2.6 Installing RF Power Modules 2-21
2.2.7 Interconnect Wiring 2-21

Contents Page
2.2.8 Ac Power Switching Assembly 2-21
2.2.9 Installing Ac Power Wiring 2-21
2.2.10 RF Feed Cable 2-22
2.2.10.1 7/8-Inch RF Output Connection 2-22
2.2.11 Reject Load 2-22
2.2.12 Interface Protection Unit 2-23
2.2.12.1 RF Output Connector 2-24
2.2.12.2 Mounting 2-24
2.2.12.3 Ac Circuit Breaker and Fusing 2-24
2.2.12.4 Ground Stud 2-24
2.2.12.5 Remote Control/Monitor Wiring 2-24
2.2.13 Station Reference Ground 2-25
2.2.14 Determining Control/Monitoring
Requirements 2-25
2.2.15 External Control Wiring 2-25
2.2.16 Internal/External RF Drive Source 2-25
2.2.17 Adjusting the Spark Gap 2-26
2.3 COMMISSIONING PROCEDURES 2-28
2.3.1 Precautions 2-28
2.3.2 Turn-On Prerequisites 2-28
2.3.3 Initial Turn-On 2-29
2.3.4 Placing J1000 On-Air 2-30
3 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 3-1

3.1.1 Precautions 3-1
3.2 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN 3-1
3.2.1 Turn Off RF Output 3-1
3.2.2 Complete Shutdown 3-1
3.3 EXTERNAL SAFETY INTERLOCK 3-2
3.4 ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE PROTECTION 3-2
3.4.1 Discharging of Personnel 3-2
3.4.2 Handling/Storage 3-2
3.4.3 Tools/Test Equipment 3-2
3.4.4 Stress Current Protection 3-2
3.5 CONTROLS AND INDICATORS 3-3
3.5.1 Exciter Front Panel 3-3
3.5.2 Remote Interface PWB 3-3
3.5.3 RF Synthesizer PWB 3-3
3.5.4 Miscellaneous Exciter 3-3
3.5.5 RF Power Module 3-3
3.6 DIAGNOSTIC DISPLAY 3-14
3.6.1 Pushbutton Switches 3-14
3.6.2 Main Screen 3-14
3.6.2.1 Transmitter Status Bar 3-14

Contents Page
3.6.3 Viewing Faults 3-16
3.6.4 Adjusting RF Output Power and Setting
Power Preset Levels 3-16
3.6.5 Exciter Control 3-17
3.6.6 Viewing Events Log 3-18
3.6.7 Scheduling Pre-Set Power Levels 3-19
3.6.8 Setting Real Time Clock 3-20
3.6.9 Changing Factory Calibrated Setting 3-20
3.6.9.1 Calibrate Meters 3-21
3.6.9.2 Set Thresholds 3-22
3.6.9.3 Maximum Allowable Output Gain 3-22
3.6.9.4 Use Factory Settings 3-22
3.6.10 Viewing Software Version 3-23
3.6.11 NxLink Configuration 3-23
3.6.12 Selecting Metered Parameters 3-24
3.6.13 Module Check 3-25
3.6.14 Battery Status 3-25
4 TESTING AND ADJUSTMENT 4-1

4.2 OPERATING PRECAUTIONS 4-1
4.3 FUNCTIONAL TESTS 4-1
4.3.1 General 4-1
4.3.2 Test Equipment Required 4-2
4.3.3 Test Prerequisites 4-2
4.3.4 Initial Turn-On 4-4
4.3.5 Standard Adjustments 4-4
4.3.5.1 Modulation Checks 4-4
4.3.6 Non-Standard Adjustments 4-5
4.3.6.1 RF Drive Symmetry 4-5
4.3.6.2 Exciter Gain (Dual Exciter J000s Only) 4-7
4.3.6.3 Modulation Peak Limiting 4-7
4.3.6.4 Audio Dump 4-7
4.3.6.5 Dc Current Cutback 4-9
5 SYSTEM LEVEL TROUBLESHOOTING 5-1
5.1 GENERAL 5-1

5.2 SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE 5-1
5.2.1 Cleaning the J1000 5-1
5.2.2 Checking Hardware 5-1
5.2.3 Battery Replacement 5-2
5.3 CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE 5-2
5.3.1 On-Air Troubleshooting 5-2
5.3.1.1 Remote Troubleshooting 5-2
5.3.1.2 Local Troubleshooting 5-2
5.3.2 Off-Air Troubleshooting 5-2

Contents Page
5.4 ELECTROSTATIC PROTECTION 5-3
5.4.1 Discharging of Personnel 5-3
5.4.2 Handling/Storage 5-3
5.4.3 Tools/Test Equipment 5-3
5.4.4 Stress Current Protection 5-3
5.5 TROUBLESHOOTING FRONT PANEL
ALARMS 5-4
5.5.1 Zeroing Power to Attempt an Alarm Reset 5-6
5.6 OPERATING WITH DEFECTIVE OR MISSING
RF POWER MODULE 5-11
5.7 RF POWER MODULE FAULT ISOLATION 5-12
5.8 REPLACING AN RF POWER MODULE 5-12
5.8.1 RF Power Module Removal 5-12
5.8.2 RF Power Module Installation 5-13
5.9 EXCITER/CONTROL ASSEMBLY PWB
REPLACEMENT 5-14
5.9.1 Exciter Interface PWB and Interconnecting
PWB Replacement 5-14
5.9.1.1 RF Synthesizer PWB Removal/Replacement 5-15
5.9.1.2 Interphase PDM Driver PWB Removal/
Replacement 5-16
5.9.1.3 Exciter Interface PWB Removal/Replacement 5-16
5.9.2 Remote Interface PWB Replacement 5-17
5.9.3 Power Supply Replacement 5-17
5.9.4 LVPS Buck Converter PWB Replacement 5-17
5.10 COOLING FAN REPLACEMENT 5-18
5.11 FORWARD/REFLECTED POWER PROBE PWB
REPLACEMENT 5-19
5.12 POWER MODULE FAN REPLACEMENT 5-19
List of Tables
1-1 Recommended Site Test Equipment 1-2

2-1 Transmitter Weights and Dimensions 2-1
2-2 Audio Filter Switch Settings 2-6
2-3 Altitude Scale Factor 2-27
3-1 Exciter Panel – System Diagram Controls and Indicators 3-6
3-2 Exciter Panel – Control Section Controls and Indicators 3-8
3-3 Remote Interface PWB Controls and Indicators 3-10
3-4 RF Synthesizer PWB Controls and Indicators 3-12
3-5 Miscellaneous Exciter Controls and Indicators 3-12
3-6 RF Power Modules Controls and Indicators 3-12
5-1 Troubleshooting and Replacement Tips 5-8

Contents Page
List of Figures/Drawings
1-1 J1000 Transmitter 1-1
2-1 Single Ended Input Selected 2-7
2-2 Differential Input Selected 2-8
2-3 J1000 External Input/Output Interface 2-10
2-4 Dimensional Information - J1000 Transmitter without Cabinet
and Front Grille 2-16
2-5 Dimensional Information - J1000Transmitter with Nautel
Cabinet 2-17
2-6 Recommended Installation for J1000 Transmitter 2-18
2-7 Assembly/Installation Considerations for
User Supplied Cabinet 2-20
2-8 Interface Protection Assembly 2-23
2-9 RF Output Spark Gap Location 2-26
2-10 RF Power Module Current versus RF Output Power 2-29
2-11 Buffered Dc Current versus RF Output Power 2-30
3-1 J1000 Exciter Front Panel (Primary User Interface) 3-4
3-2 J1000 Exciter Front Panel - System Diagram Section 3-5
3-3 J1000 Exciter Front Panel - Control Section 3-7
3-4 Assembly Detail - Part of Remote Interface PWB (NAPI85/01A) 3-9
3-5 Assembly Detail - RF Synthesizer PWB (NAPE70F/01) 3-11
3-6 Diagnostic Display - Main Screen 3-14
3-7 Diagnostic Display – Main Menu Screen 3-14
3-8 Flow Diagram – Diagnostic Display Menu Functions 3-15
4-1 Exciter/Control Assembly (Unit 1) 4-3
4-2 RF Power Module (Left-Hand Side View) 4-6
4-3 RF Output with Positive Peak Limiting 4-8
4-4 Modulated RF Output with Audio Dump Distortion
Adjustment 4-8
5-1 Partial Rear View of J1000 (showing RF Power Modules) 5-11
5-2 Removing Cooling Fans from Exciter/Control Assembly 5-18
Appendices
A Site Evaluation Checklist A-1

Control Record
Issue Date Reason
5.0 10 May 2016 Release 5 of J1000 (NARA40D)

J1000
INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL
Section 1 GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The J1000 is a medium wave, 1,000 watt AM broadcast transmitter. It is entirely solid state
and is HD Radio™ and DRM compatible. The transmitter is shown in Figure 1-1. Two
completely independent and redundant signal chains from the LVPS output to the RF output
filter reduce the amount of time the transmitter is off-air. A standby exciter section is available
which duplicates the exciter stage’s RF synthesizer PWB and interphase PDM driver PWB.
The transmitter operates at one pre-set frequency in the AM broadcast band into a nominal
50-ohm, unbalanced transmission line. Typically, the transmitter will operate continuously at
125% positive peak program modulation at 1,100 W.
1.2 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF MANUAL

This Installation and Operation Manual provides information required to install and operate the
J1000 transmitter. In addition, sufficient information is provided to conduct system level
troubleshooting at a module level. The Repair Manual, also provided with the transmitter,
provides in-depth, component level maintenance information.
1.3 PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT

The J1000 transmitter is intended for use in conventional AM broadcasting stations. Remote
control capabilities are incorporated to allow unattended operation.
1.4 TEST EQUIPMENT

Test equipment and special tools required to operate and maintain the transmitter are listed in
Table 1-1.
Figure 1-1 J1000 Transmitter
J1000 Installation and Operation Manual Page 1-1

Section 1 General Information Issue 5.0
Table 1-1: Recommended Site Test Equipment
EQUIPMENT PART/MODEL NUMBER APPLICATION
OR TYPE (EQUIVALENT
MAY BE USED)
Dummy load 50 , 2,000 W (minimum), ‘Off-air’ testing
VSWR 1.1
Digital multimeter 3-1/2 digit, ac and dc volts Testing and maintenance

(10 M input), ohms and
amps, ± 0.5% accuracy,
Beckman 3010
Frequency counter 5 ppm up to 10 MHz Measure carrier frequency

Fluke model 1900A
Oscilloscope Tektronix model T922 Testing and maintenance
Modulation monitor 50  input impedance, To set up audio level

-100% to +140% mod depth
TFT model 375
RF signal/function generator 540 kHz to 1,700 kHz Testing and maintenance

Tektronix model CFG253
Audio signal generator 10 Hz to 10 MHz, 600 ohms, Simulates modulating audio

0 to +15 dBm during testing and
Hewlett Packard model 651B maintenance
Distortion analyzer 20 Hz to 20 kHz Measures audio distortion

Marconi model TF231 during testing and
maintenance
Dc power supply (variable) 0 – 30 V, 1A Testing and maintenance
Dc power supply (fixed) 24 V, 1 A Testing and maintenance
Torque wrench Capable of providing five Installing power MOSFETs

inch-pounds (0.665 Newton-
Meters) of torque.
Page 1-2 J1000 Installation and Operation Manual

Issue 5.0 Section 1 General Information
J1000
Section 2 PREPARATION FOR USE AND INSTALLATION
2.1 PREPARATION FOR USE

All preparations at the transmitter site should be completed prior to installation of the
transmitter. This section of the manual provides information to aid in preparing new sites. It
should also be used to evaluate the requirements at existing sites. Nautel recommends
incorporating all of the requirements set out in this manual to ensure the transmitter achieves
optimum reliability and performance. A Site Evaluation Checklist is provided as Appendix A to
this manual. It should be completed as an aid in evaluating present site conditions
NOTE
Failure to comply with the recommendations and instructions in this manual could void the
manufacturer’s warranty. Please review the Nautel warranty terms at the front of this manual
for more information.
NOTE
Frequent reference is made to terminal blocks on the remote interface PWB. This PWB is
located at the rear of the exciter/control assembly.
2.1.1 Transmitter Weights and Dimensions

The J1000 transmitter consists of a power assembly and an exciter/control assembly. The
two assemblies are designed to be mounted in EIA standard 19 inch equipment racks. An
alternative to rack mounting is the optional cabinet available from Nautel to house the two
transmitter assemblies. The power assembly is slide mounted for convenient access to
internal components. All interconnections are made at the rear of the transmitter. The
exciter/control assembly front panel section has a diagnostic display. All diagnostics and
adjustments can be made from this display. Unit dimensions and weights are provided in
Table 2-1. Ensure sufficient manpower is available to assemble the transmitter system.
Table 2-1: Transmitter Weights and Dimensions

ASSEMBLY WEIGHT DIMENSIONS
Exciter/control assembly 7 kg (15 lb) 483 mm x 178 mm x 508 mm
(19 in x 7 in x 20 in) or 4U
RF power assembly (without 11 kg (25 lb) 483 mm x 400 mm x 508 mm

modules) (19 in x 15.75 in x 20 in)
RF power module 4.5 kg (10 lb) 152 mm x 210 mm x 394 mm(6

in x 8.25 in x 15.5 in)

Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation Issue 5.0
2.1.2 Transmitter Clearances
Minimum clearances of 3.5 inches (90 mm) should be maintained above and below the
transmitter when installed in a cabinet. Ensure adequate front and rear clearances to allow
equipment maintenance.
2.1.3 Cooling
The transmitter room ambient air temperature must not exceed 50C at sea level. Derate 3ºC
for every 500 m the transmitter is above sea level (2º F per 1000 ft above sea level).
2.1.4 Heating
When installed in a cabinet with other equipment, sufficient cooling must be in place to
ensure the transmitter is not affected by heat radiated from the other equipment.
2.1.5 Work Area

Nautel recommends that a suitable work area with an adequate table surface be provided
adjacent to the transmitter for bench adjustments and repairing modules.
2.1.6 Ac Power Switch

An ac power switching assembly should be wall mounted in close proximity to the transmitter.
2.1.7 Lightning Protection

Extremely high voltage and current transients are produced when a lightning strike occurs.
These transients are usually the most significant hazard to any solid state transmitter and
may be passed to the transmitter through the wiring connecting the transmitter to the power
source and the antenna system. Precautions should be taken to protect the transmitter from
this phenomenon. Refer to the Lightning Protection section of Nautel’s Recommendations for
Transmitter Site Preparation booklet for specific protection techniques. The installation of
Nautel’s interface protection unit is highly recommended. The following requirements are
considered to be essential and failure to follow the site layout requirements may void the
transmitter warranty.
2.1.8 Station Reference Ground

The site must contain a station reference ground, as defined in Nautel’s Recommendations
for Transmitter Site Preparation booklet. This ground must provide a continuous, low
impedance path to the earth. The transmitter chassis’ designated reference ground point, the
shield of the coaxial feed cable, and the ground connection of the power source's surge
protection devices must be connected directly to the station reference ground using, as a
minimum, 2 inch (5 cm) copper strap.
2.1.9 Ac Power Source

All conductors from the ac power source should be protected by bi-directional surge
protection devices that are connected between each conductor and the station reference
ground. In addition, the conductors as a group should pass through a ferrite toroid. The
inductance formed by this toroid is transparent to the ac voltages, but presents impedance to
transients originating in the power source. A surge protector panel containing suitably rated
varistors is available from Nautel and, if used, should be installed in close proximity to the
station reference ground.
2.1.9.1 Ac Wiring
The ac wiring for the transmitter should not be smaller than 12 AWG, based on an average
ac input voltage of 200 V ac.

Issue 5.0 Section 2 Preparation for Use and Installation
NOTE
Local electrical codes must be observed when sizing cables. The ac power source usually
presents the lowest impedance path to ground potential for a lightning strike and will normally
carry most of the lightning induced current away from the transmitter site. When lightning hits
the power source, a significant amount of induced current may flow towards the transmitter.
Should this happen, the objective is to route the current around the transmitter, instead of
through it, to the best ground available.
2.1.10 Antenna Feed Cable

The shield of the antenna feed coaxial cable should be connected directly to the station
reference ground where it enters the building. In addition, the centre conductor and the shield
of the feed cable should pass through a ferrite toroid positioned between the shield ground at
the building entrance and the shield termination at the transmitter. This toroid is transparent
to the RF signal, but presents impedance to transients originating in the antenna. If the
Nautel interface protection option is purchased, the RF feed cable would be connected
directly to it. All necessary ferrite for the ac wiring and RF feeder cable is included with the
interface protection option.
2.1.11 Antenna/RF Output Disconnect

The RF feed/antenna design should incorporate a switching circuit that disconnects the
antenna from the transmitter’s RF output when the transmitter is turned off. This switching
circuit will prevent lightning induced transients from entering the transmitter when solid state
devices are most susceptible to electrostatic failure.
2.1.12 Antenna Tower

The most likely target for lightning strikes is the antenna tower. Nautel recommends that
lightning protection devices such as air-gap spark balls and a static drain choke be installed
as the first line of defense against lightning strikes.
2.1.13 External Control/Monitor Wiring

All external control/monitoring wiring that could be subject to lightning induced transients
should be interfaced by surge protection devices to the station reference ground at the point
of building entry. Also, the control/monitoring wiring that leads between the surge protection
devices and the transmitter should pass through a ferrite toroid. This toroid is transparent to
the control/monitor signals, but present impedance to lightning induced transients.
2.1.14 Electrical Power

The transmitter is configured to operate from one of a variety of 50/60 Hz ac power sources.
2.1.14.1 Voltage Stability

The transmitter utilizes a switch mode power supply to produce the B+ buss for the modulator
circuitry. It provides the correct voltage if the input voltage is between 170 V ac and 270 V ac.
NOTE
If the optional CE kit is being used, note that the ac input voltage range is affected by the ac
line filter based on the ambient operating transmitter.
For ambient operating temperatures less than 40°C (104°C), the ac input voltage range is
185 V to 250 V ac.
For ambient operating temperatures greater than 40°C (104°C), the ac input voltage range is
210 V to 250 V ac.

2.1.14.2 Power Consumption
Power consumption is 2,140 W when operating at 1,000 W with 100% modulation by a
continuous sine wave. Power consumption is 1,430 W when operating at 1,000 W with no
modulation. Power consumption for a specific station will depend on the programming format
and the level of audio processing. Nautel recommends the ac power source have a 25%
over-capacity to ensure adequate regulation. External ac breakers should be rated for a
minimum of 30 A to allow for low ac and transmitter power factor.
2.1.14.3 External Ac Switching

Nautel recommends an external ac power switching assembly be incorporated as the master
on/off circuit between the ac power source and the transmitter. This assembly is not provided
by Nautel. The ac input switch should be located close to the transmitter and should be
marked TRANSMITTER EMERGENCY ON/OFF SWITCH.
2.1.15 Antenna System Nautel recommends the antenna system meet (as a minimum)
the standards specified in EIA Standard TR-101-A, paragraph 8(b) with a normal impedance
of 50 ± j0  at the carrier frequency. The transmitter will function while operating into a
maximum VSWR of 1.5:1. The transmitter will also function with sideband VSWRs of up to
2:1 when the carrier frequency impedance is 50 ± j0 , however, overall system performance
will be degraded.
2.1.15.1 Antenna System – Digital Modulation

For HD Radio and DRM applications, Nautel recommends a VSWR of 1.4:1 at the carrier
frequency ±15 kHz.
2.1.15.2 RF Feed Cable

The RF feed cable interconnecting the transmitter and the antenna system should be a
suitably rated coaxial cable. The transmitter RF output connector will accept a type N male
mating connector. The transmitter ancillary kit contains a 7/8” EIA and stud output connector
that can be exchanged on delivery, as required.
2.1.15.3 Interface Protection Option

An optional interface protection unit is available from Nautel and will prevent lightning induced
voltage/current transients from flowing through the transmitter. Isolation of the transmitter and
the desired lightning protection is accomplished by:
 Inserting a 1:1 isolation transformer in the RF feed cable. This ensures there is no dc
connection between the transmitter's RF output and the antenna system.
 Passing all wires (and shields) through ferrite toroids. The toroid is an inductance that is
transparent to normal signals but presents impedance to lightning induced transients.
 Connecting suitably rated varistors between the ac line and the station reference ground.
 Connecting the shield of the coaxial cable from the antenna/phaser directly to the
reference ground.
When used, the antenna feed cable is connected directly to the interface protection unit. Fifty
feet of coaxial cable is provided for the connection between the interface unit and the
transmitter.

2.1.16 External RF Drive Source
An externally generated carrier frequency reference signal may be applied. This could be a
carrier frequency signal, a phase modulated carrier used as part of an OFDM system such as
DRM, or a 10 MHz reference signal. The external signal is applied to the remote interface
PWB’s EXT RF IN BNC connector (J6). Frequency selection is facilitated by links on the
remote interface PWB.
NOTE
There is only one external RF drive input that is used for both the main and standby exciters.
2.1.16.1 Carrier Frequency Signal:

The externally generated carrier frequency reference signal RF drive must:
 Be the carrier frequency (c), within ± 5 Hz or 5 ppm, whichever is greater, when it is not
being modulated.
 Have a peak-to-peak amplitude of between 5 V and 12 V (sine wave or square wave).
 Have a 50  impedance at c.
 Be phase modulated for digital broadcast.
2.1.16.2 10 MHz Frequency Reference

An externally generated 10 MHz signal may be applied for use as the reference frequency for
the RF drive (carrier frequency) to the RF synthesizer PWB’s 10 MHz REFERENCE INPUT
BNC connector J2. The external 10 MHz frequency reference must:
 Be precisely 10.00 MHz.
 Have a peak-to-peak amplitude of between 2.2 V and 8.0 V (sine wave or square wave).
2.1.17 Internal/External RF Drive Source Selection

RF synthesizer PWBs can use either the internal RF oscillator or an external RF generator as
the RF drive source. The factory default selection is an internal RF oscillator. If an external
RF generator is to be used, the installer must configure the PWB(s) using shorting jumpers.
Refer to Table 3-5 in Section 3 of this manual for the RF synthesizer controls, indicators, and
shorting jumpers settings.
2.1.18 Modulating Audio

Modulating audio must be applied from an external source. The RF drive source configuration
will dictate the audio requirements, as detailed in paragraphs 2.1.18.1 through 2.1.18.3.
NOTE
The transmitter does not have audio processing capability. Processing must be completed
before the audio is applied. The audio may be processed to provide 125% positive peak
program modulation up to 1,100 W RF carrier.

2.1.18.1 Conventional AM Broadcast
The audio must:
 Be a balanced 600 ohms.
 Be between 0 dBm and +12 dBm for 100% modulation.
2.1.18.2 Digital Operation (External Phase Component)

When the transmitter is configured for digital operation and the RF drive is being produced by
an external digital exciter, the 'magnitude' signal from the external digital exciter must be
considered as a single source. The audio must:
 Be a balanced 600 ohms.
 Be between 0 dBm and +12 dBm for 100% modulation.
 Contain the magnitude channel digital carriers required for DRM operation.
2.1.18.3 Digital Operation HD Radio

When the transmitter is configured for HD Radio operation the magnitude and phase
components are connected to the remote interface PWB by RJ45 connectors J2 and J3.
2.1.19 Audio Pass Band Selection

The remote interface PWB (1A2) can select one of four audio pass bands. The selection is
determined by the settings of its AUDIO FILTER switch (S1). The user must determine the
most suitable roll-off frequency from the four choices shown in Table 2-2 and then set the
AUDIO FILTER switch accordingly. The factory default selection is for a -1.0 dB roll off at the
highest frequency. This selection is adequate for most installations.
Table 2-2: Audio Filter Switch Settings

Frequency Roll- S1 Switch
off -1dB (kHz) Setting
1 2
16.0 Closed Closed
13.5 Open Closed
10.5 Closed Open
7.5 Open Open
NOTE
A 3-pole Butterworth filter, which can be altered towards a pseudo-Bessel response, is used
as the low-pass audio filter for conventional (not digital) broadcast applications.
The decision to select a lower roll-off frequency will be dictated by many factors, including an
antenna with sideband limitations, square wave overshoot, and the audio processing.
Nautel's Customer Service Department can provide advice and recommendations based on
your specific installation.

2.1.20 External Interlocks
The external electrical interlock circuit is connected between INTERLOCK terminals TB2-15
and TB2-16 of the remote interface PWB. When it is safe to produce an RF output, the circuit
must be closed and the transmitter must be applying +24 V to TB2-15. When it is not safe to
produce RF output (one or more of the external interlock switches have been activated), the
circuit must provide an open circuit to TB2-15. Any number of serial interlock switches may
be installed, provided +24 V is removed from TB2-15 if any interlock switch is activated.
NOTE
Transients may be induced on the 24 V source if the external wiring is lengthy. To prevent
this, a relay with its energized/de-energized state controlled by external interlock switches
should be installed near the remote interface PWB. It should be connected as a fail-safe relay
(energized when the interlock circuit is closed, de-energized when it is opened) with its
normally open contacts interconnecting TB2-15 and TB2- 16.
2.1.21 Remote Control Circuits

The J1000 control/monitoring functions can be accessed by a conventional remote control
interface or by a serial port. See paragraph 2.1.23 for a description of the serial port features.
The on/off status, active (A/B) exciter, pre-set RF power level, power level trim, and PDM
inhibit can be controlled remotely by switching circuits that are either a single ended input or
a differential input.
NOTE
External control circuits are connected to the J1000 circuits through opto-couplers on the
remote interface PWB. The opto-couplers effectively buffer/isolate the external circuits and
prevent any transients from affecting J1000 operation. These opto-couplers only have
influence when Remote control is selected at the J1000. All external input/output interface
connections are made as depicted in Figure 2-3. The remote interface PWB contains selection
circuits that allow the user to select an internal (single ended input) or external (differential
input) dc power supply as the current source for the opto-coupler associated with each
controlled function.
The switching circuit for each remotely controlled function must be the equivalent of a
normally open/held closed spring-loaded (momentary) switch. Each must be configured to
operate as a single ended input using the transmitter's unregulated +24 V as the dc volts
source (see Figure 2-1) or as a differential input using an external dc power supply (24 V to
30 V) as the dc volts source (see Figure 2-2). Each control function has positive and negative
input terminals on the remote interface PWB to accommodate the selected configuration.
+24V
REMOTE
INTERFACE
3 PWB
E#
1 2
REMOTE SELECTION CIRCUITRY

1 CONFIGURED FOR INTERNAL
DC VOLTS
S1970005 V1
Figure 2-1 Single Ended Input Selected

Single Ended Input (Internal V dc)
When using the J1000’s unregulated +24 V as the current source for a control function’s
opto-coupler, the circuit on the remote interface PWB must be configured for a single ended
input. The 3-pin header associated with the control function must have the 2-socket shunt
post connected to configure the circuit as shown in Figure 2-1. A negative logic (active state
is a current-sink-to-ground) command must be applied to the control’s negative (-) input
terminal. The ground must come from TB1-1.
+24V
REMOTE
INTERFACE
3 PWB
E#
1 2
EXTERNAL DC
PWR SUPPLY
(+12V TO +30V)
REMOTE SELECTION CIRCUITRY

1 CONFIGURED FOR EXTERNAL
DC VOLTS
S1970004 V1
Figure 2-2 Differential Input Selected
Differential Input (External V dc)

When using an external dc voltage (24 V to 30 V) as the current source for a control
function’s opto-coupler, the control function’s external switching circuit and the remote
interface PWB’s selection circuitry must be configured for a differential input. The 3-pin
header associated with the control function must have the 2-socket shunt post connected to
configure the circuit as depicted in Figure 2-2. The normally open/held closed switch may be
located between the dc voltage's negative output and the negative (-) input terminal (negative
logic), or between its positive output and the positive (+) input terminal (positive logic).
2.1.21.1 On/Off Control

The on/off status of the RF power stage is controlled by the remote on/off circuitry, consisting
of an on circuit and an off circuit.
2.1.21.2 Main Exciter Selection

The main exciter selection circuit, which consists of an A and a B circuit, selects which exciter
is enabled as the main exciter.
NOTE
A minimum one second interval between exciter selection commands is required.
2.1.21.3 Preset Power Level Selection

The power level selection circuit selects one of six preset RF power levels. It has six
switching circuits (RF Pwr - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6).
2.1.21.4 Power Level Adjust Select

The power level adjust circuit, consisting of an increase and a decrease circuit, adjusts the
RF output level in an increasing or decreasing direction, as long as the appropriate input is
active.

2.1.21.5 System Reset
The remote reset circuit resets any alarm circuit latched in an alarm state.
2.1.21.6 Auto/Manual
The auto/manual circuit allows the user to enable either manual preset power level select or
auto power level select. Each time the momentary selection switch connected to the AUTO
select terminals is pressed, the transmitter will toggle between the auto and manual power
level selection modes. In auto mode, the transmitter will automatically change power levels at
user defined times and the six manual power level select controls are inhibited. In manual
mode, the six manual power level select controls are active.
2.1.22 Other Remote Controls

An RF inhibit control can be connected at the user's discretion. This input will influence the
J1000's RF output regardless of the selected control location (Local or Remote).
2.1.22.1 PDM (RF) Inhibit Control

The external PDM inhibit circuit reduces the 'on' time of the PDM (pulse duration modulation)
signal to near zero. This effectively turns off the RF output (a residual RF leak of
approximately 10 W may be present) the instant an active condition is applied and maintains
this state as long as the active condition exists.
NOTE
The external PDM inhibit input is intended to be used in conjunction with antenna switching
circuitry to ensure minimal RF output current is flowing during opening/ closing of contacts in
the J1000's RF feed cable. An active 'PDM inhibit' condition must be applied prior to contact
opening (disconnecting the RF load) and must be maintained until contact closure has
occurred and an appropriate impedance has been connected to the J1000's RF output. The
RF output will instantly restore to its original level when the active condition is removed.
2.1.23 Serial Port

The J1000 has a RS232 serial interface port to allow remote monitoring and control of the
J1000’s operational status over an IP network using an NxLink Ethernet interface module
(available from Nautel) and a web browser.
2.1.24 RF Performance Monitoring

The J1000 provides outputs to monitor RF performance. They include dc voltages that
represent the forward power level, the reflected power level, and the dc voltage and current
being applied to the modulator/RF amplifiers. In addition, a true RF sample of the RF output
voltage waveform is available for external monitoring, as well as a carrier frequency sample.
These outputs are available on the remote interface PWB.
2.1.24.1 RF Monitor Sample

A true sample of the RF output voltage waveform, including its modulation envelope, is
provided at a BNC connector (RF MONITOR) on the remote interface PWB. The RF monitor
output is intended to be applied to a station modulation monitor with a 50  or 1,000  input
impedance. It may also be monitored by an oscilloscope during maintenance procedures.
The RF monitor output automatically adjusts to provide a nominal 1.25 V RMS for each
preset power level, provided they are preset to a level that is between 100 W and 1,000 W.

1 1
N/C 2 2 # AUTO STATUS (-)
POWER DECREASE (-) 3 3 # EXCITER B STATUS (-)
POWER DECREASE (+) 4 4 # POWER 6 STATUS (-)

5 # POWER 5 STATUS (-)
POWER INCREASE (-) 5
TB2 6 # POWER 4 STATUS (-)
POWER INCREASE (+) 6
POWER 6 (-) 7
POWER 6 (+) 8
POWER 5 (-) 9 J1000 10 # REMOTE STATUS (-)
POWER 5 (+) 10 EXTERNAL 11 # RF ON STATUS (-)
INPUT/OUTPUT
POWER 4 (-) 11 CONNECTIONS
POWER 4 (+) 12
TB1
POWER 3 (-) 13
POWER 3 (+) 14
POWER 2 (-) 15
POWER 2 (+) 16
POWER 1 (-) 17
POWER 1 (+) 18
RESET (-) 19
RESET (+) 20
FROM RF OFF (-) 21
REMOTE
CONTROL RF OFF (+) 22 1 N/C
TO
SOURCE 4 REMOTE
RF ON (-) 23 DESTINATION
5 # MODULATOR PROTECTION ALARM (-)
RF ON (+) 24
6 # MEMORY BATTERY ALARM (-)
AUDIO (-) 12 7 # CHANGEOVER ALARM (-)
AUDIO (+) 14 8 # SHUTDOWN/CUTBACK ALARM (-)
13 9 # LVPS FAIL ALARM (-)

10 # EXCITER FAIL ALARM (-)
INTERLOCK RETURN 15
11 # POWER MODULE FAIL ALARM (-)
INTERLOCK +24V 16
12 # LOW AC ALARM (-)
TB4
PDM INHIBIT (-) 17 13 # HIGH VSWR ALARM (-)
PDM INHIBIT (+) 18 TB2 14 # INTERLOCK OPEN ALARM (-)
AUTO (-) 19 15 # PDM INHIBIT ALARM (-)
AUTO (+) 20 16 N/C
EXCITER B (-) 21 17
EXCITER B (+) 22 18 +24VDC

19 TOTAL DC CURRENT SAMPLE
EXCITER A (-) 23
20
EXCITER A (+) 24
21 B+ SAMPLE
22 REFLECTED POWER SAMPLE
MAGNITUDE (DAB) J2
23
PHASE (DAB) J3
24 FORWARD POWER SAMPLE
EXTERNAL RF IN
J6
RF MONITOR
J14
SPARE 1
SPARE 2
FREQUENCY MONITOR
J9
S1970056 V1
Figure 2-3 J1000 External Input/Output Interface

2.1.24.2 Forward Power Level
A buffered dc voltage is available which represents the forward power level. This voltage is a
square law function and will be 3.4 ± 0.2 V when forward power is 1,000 W. The monitoring
circuit impedance must be greater than 1,000 .
2.1.24.3 Reflected Power Level

A buffered dc voltage is available which represents the reflected power level. This voltage is
a square law function and will be 1.7 ± 0.2 V when reflected power is 150 W. The monitoring
circuit impedance must be greater than 1,000 .
2.1.24.4 B+ Volts Sample

A buffered dc voltage is available that is directly proportional to the average B+ dc voltage
being applied to the modulator/RF amplifiers in the RF power modules. This voltage will be
4.2 V when the dc voltage being applied to the RF amplifiers is 350 V (nominal 1,000 W). The
monitoring circuit impedance must be greater than 1,000 .
2.1.24.5 Total Dc Current Sample

A buffered dc voltage is available that is directly proportional to the total dc current being
supplied to the modulator/RF amplifiers in the RF power modules. This voltage will be 2.85 V
when the total dc current being applied to the RF amplifiers is 4 A. The monitoring circuit
impedance must be greater than 1,000 .
2.1.25 Remote Alarm Indications

Outputs are available on the terminals of the remote interface PWB that indicate stress
thresholds for critical parameters have been exceeded. A switching device for each alarm
output provides a negative logic (current-sink-to-ground) output when an alarm condition
exists. The switching circuit provides an open collector during normal operation (non-alarm
condition) and has no influence on the external monitoring circuit. Each monitoring circuit
must present impedance between the switching device and a positive dc voltage source that
will result in a current flow of not more than 50 mA. If desired, the remote monitoring circuits
can use +24 V from TB4-18 (+24V) of the remote interface PWB. If an external dc power
source is used, it must not exceed +24 V and its return must be connected to TB4-17 (GND)
on the remote interface PWB.
2.1.25.1 Exciter Fail Alarm

An alarm output is available to indicate when one of the exciter circuit assemblies has failed.
2.1.25.2 Battery Alarm

An alarm output is available to indicate when the battery for the controller memory is below a
safe operating threshold.
2.1.25.3 High VSWR Alarm

An alarm output is available to indicate when the peak reflected power is exceeding 160 W.
2.1.25.4 Shutdown/Cutback Alarm

An alarm output is available to indicate when the RF carrier level is reduced (cut back) to a
level not exceeding the stress current threshold of the RF power amplifiers. Cutback occurs
when the RF output is momentarily shut back (turned off) more than three times in any five
second period because an RF related stress threshold is exceeded.

2.1.25.5 Changeover Alarm
An alarm output is available to indicate when an automatic exciter changeover has occurred
and the reserve (standby) exciter is enabled as the active exciter.
2.1.25.6 Modulation Protection Alarm

An alarm output is available to indicate when the modulating audio's positive peaks are being
limited because their amplitude and/or low frequency duration require RF currents exceeding
the RF amplifier's stress current threshold.
2.1.25.7 Pwr Module Fail Alarm

An alarm output is available to indicate when the RF output is reduced because an RF power
module is turned off and is not contributing to the RF output.
2.1.25.8 Low Ac Alarm

An alarm output is available to indicate when the RF output is inhibited because the voltage
from the ac power source is less than 170 V ac.
2.1.25.9 External Interlock Alarm

An alarm output is available to indicate when the RF output is inhibited because one or more of
the external interlock switches is open.
2.1.25.10 LVPS Fail Alarm

An alarm output is available to indicate when one of the outputs of the low voltage dc power
supply has failed or is outside of its acceptable operating range.
2.1.26 Remote Status Indications Outputs are available at TB2 on the remote
interface PWB to indicate the status of operator controlled circuits. A switching device for
each alarm output provides a negative logic output (current-sink-to-ground) when a logic true
condition exists.
2.1.26.1 Remote Control Status

A status output is available to indicate the local/remote control status of the J1000. A logic
true condition is present when remote control is selected. A logic false condition is present
when local control is selected.
2.1.26.2 RF On Status
A status output is available to indicate the on/off status of the J1000's RF power stage. A
logic true condition is present when the RF power stage is enabled and capable of producing
an RF output. A logic false condition is present when the RF power stage is turned off and
not capable of producing an RF output.
2.1.26.3 Exciter B Status

A status output is available to indicate which exciter is enabled as the active exciter. A logic
true condition is present when exciter 'B' is enabled as the active exciter. A logic false
condition is present when exciter 'A' is enabled as the active exciter.
2.1.26.4 Auto Status

A status output is available to indicate when the J1000 automatic preset power control is
enabled. A logic true condition is present when exciter 'B' is enabled as the active exciter. A
logic false condition is present when exciter ‘A’ is enabled as the active exciter.

2.1.26.5 RF Power Level Status
Six POWER STATUS outputs are available, one for each available pre-set RF power level.
Only one of the six outputs will be a logic true condition at any given time. A logic true
condition is present for the selected pre-set RF power level. A logic false condition is present
for the remainder of the pre-set RF power levels.
2.1.27 Parts Supplied by Nautel

An ancillary parts kit is provided with each J1000. These parts are provided to ensure initial
installation is not delayed due to lost or damaged parts, and to allow the user to maintain the
equipment until a comprehensive maintenance spares kit is obtained. These parts are not
intended to be long-term maintenance spares. Detailed information about these parts is not
included in this manual. The contents of the ancillary parts kit are itemized in the kit.
2.1.27.1 Reject Load

A 50  reject load, rated for 250 W carrier power (Nautel Part # 197-8007-01), is provided to
enable operation with a defective or missing RF power module at power levels up to 250 W
(see NOTE below). If the Nautel cabinet option was purchased, the reject load is factory-
installed on a bracket within the cabinet.
NOTE
The J1000 requires the reject load to allow operation with only one functional RF power
module. With one module the J1000 can produce up to 500 W, with 250 W of actual RF
output power and 250 W dissipated in the reject load.
Reject load resistors may emit a strong burning odor when they first dissipate power. This is
normal.
2.1.28 Parts Not Supplied by Nautel

Some parts and materials required to complete installation are not supplied with the J1000,
and/or are not provided by Nautel. Each installation will dictate the parts required, but
normally the following items are required:
 A suitable 50-ohm RF output coaxial cable, terminated by the appropriate RF connector,

complete with inner male connector (if applicable) at the J1000 end.
 External control/monitor wiring, including associated terminating devices and conduit

clamps.
 Electrical power cables, including conduit, terminating devices, and conduit clamps.
2.1.29 Test Equipment and Special Tools

The test equipment and special tools required to install and maintain the J1000 are listed in
Table 1-1.

2.1.30 Available Options
There are several options available for the J1000. Each option is described below to assist
the user in selecting the final configuration.
2.1.30.1 Standby Exciter Option

The J1000 is configured to be upgraded to accept a set of standby exciter assemblies,
including:
 RF synthesizer PWB (1A6)

 Interphase PDM driver PWB (1A7)
When the standby exciter components are installed, the J1000 can be placed in an auto exciter
changeover mode.
2.1.30.2 User-Supplied Cabinet Option

The user may supply a cabinet to host the J1000. Refer to Figure 2-4 for dimensional
information for the exciter/control and RF power assemblies.
2.1.30.3 Nautel Cabinet Option

An aluminum cabinet complete with colour-coordinated sides, blank panels, and a rear door is
available. Refer to Figure 2-5 for dimensional information.
2.1.30.4 Spares Kit Option

A comprehensive maintenance spares kit is available. The kit includes a quantity of each
through-hole semiconductor, LED, and fuse used in the equipment as well as important repair
items such as semiconductor insulators, fan filters, etc.
2.1.30.5 Interface Protection Unit Option

A surge protector panel rated for the ac power source being applied to the J1000 is available
from Nautel. The surge protector panel will help protect the J1000 against lightning-induced
voltage transients on the ac power source and/or the antenna system. Refer to Figure 2-6 for
installation information.
2.1.30.6 Frequency Change Kit Option

A frequency change kit is available from Nautel.
The ‘Low Band Frequency Change Kit’ (Nautel Part # 197-6050-05) is required to change to
a frequency between 540 and 699 kHz.
The ‘Medium Band Frequency Change Kit’ (Nautel Part # 197-6050-08) is required to change
to a frequency between 700 and 1059 kHz.
The ‘High Band Frequency Change Kit’ (Nautel Part # 197-6050-07) is required to change to
a frequency between 1060 and 1610 kHz.
2.1.30.7 CE Kit Option

For customers that require CE certification, a CE kit (Nautel Part # 197-7003-02) is available
from Nautel. This kit includes the necessary parts and label to allow the transmitter to comply
with CE specifications. The ac line filter (Nautel Part # 197-7000-01) included in the kit
introduces limitations for the ac input voltage range and ambient temperature. These
limitations are described in all paragraphs in this section pertaining to ac power (e.g.,see
2.1.14).

2.2 INSTALLATION
The J1000 may be shipped with or without a Nautel supplied cabinet. If a cabinet is not being
supplied by Nautel, only the exciter/control assembly (Unit 1) and RF power assembly
(Unit 2) sections are provided (see Figure 2-4). Install the J1000 as follows:
NOTE
Metric, stainless steel attaching hardware is used in this J1000. Unless otherwise specified,
metric wrenches/sockets must be used, except where an imperial measure is specifically
identified. When required, replacement hardware should be identical to the items being
replaced.
IMPORTANT!
When mounting J1000 sections in a cabinet, use only the mounting hardware provided
in the Cabinet Mounting Kit. Do not remove the inductor tuning screws on the sides of
the RF power assembly as they are critical for the operation of the transmitter
2.2.1 Accepting the Shipment

Prior to acceptance, inspect all shipments for transit damage.
2.2.2 Unpacking Instructions

Remove the J1000 from the packing materials and prepare for installation as follows:
(a) Remove all items from the packing material and place them on a suitable work area.
Verify the shipped contents with the packing list.
(b) Remove the top cover from the RF power assembly.
(c) Remove the protective wrapping covering the top of the RF power modules.
(d) Remove both RF power modules from the J1000, using the captive retaining screw below
each RF power module.
(e) Reinstall the top cover of the RF power assembly.
(f) Remove the bottom cover of the RF power assembly.
(g) Remove the top and bottom covers of the exciter/control assembly.
2.2.3 Visual Inspection

A visual inspection should be performed on the cabinet (if applicable), removable modules
and assemblies, and printed wiring boards. Inspect for the following:
(a) Verify the LCD screen on the exciter’s front panel is not damaged.
(b) Remove any packing materials (tape, tie wraps, etc.) used in securing the wiring that was
disconnected for shipment.
(c) Check for obvious damage and missing parts.
(d) Check the exciter/control assembly’s electrical wiring for broken or frayed insulation,
loose or improper connections, and broken, shorted or pinched conductors.

(e) Check the RF power assembly’s electrical wiring for broken or frayed insulation, loose or
improper connections and broken, shorted or pinched conductors.
(f) Verify all hardware is firmly tightened.
(g) Remove any unwanted foreign objects from the interior of the cabinet/ assemblies,
paying particular attention for floating conductive materials such as wire strands, metal
slivers/filings and loose hardware.
(h) Visually inspect each RF power module for obvious damage and rotate the module while
listening for loose or free-floating objects.
NOTE
If an RF power module needs disassembly, refer to the J1000 Repair Manual.
Figure 2-4 Dimensional Information – J1000 Transmitter without Cabinet and Front Grille

Figure 2-5 Dimensional Information – J1000 Transmitter with Nautel Cabinet

Figure 2-6 Recommended Installation for the J1000 Transmitter

2.2.4 RF Output Connector
The J1000 is shipped with an N-type RF connector. If a Nautel interface protection unit has
been purchased, it is not necessary to change the J1000’s RF connection; the change is
made to the interface protection unit’s RF connector, if required (see paragraph 2.2.12.1).
If a Nautel interface protection unit has not been purchased and the RF connection
requirement differs from the N-type connector, a 7/8-inch EIA (Nautel Part # 197-8010-06) or
stud (Nautel Part # 197-8010-07) connector may be used and can be located in the ancillary
kit. The RF output connector can be changed as follows:
(a) Turn the RF power assembly over to access to the RF filter.
(b) Remove the wire from A4E7 and remove the output connector’s retaining hardware.
(c) Locate the required output connector (7/8-inch EIA or stud) from the ancillary kit.
(d) Install the output connector and re-connect the wire to A4E7.
(e) Install the RF power assembly’s bottom cover.
2.2.5 Cabinet Installation

If a Nautel cabinet has been purchased with the J1000, the location of the exciter/control
assembly and the RF power assembly has been predetermined (see Figure 2-5). The slides
for the exciter/control assembly are factory-installed in the cabinet for easy installation.
NOTE
Regardless of the cabinet used to house the J1000, the length of wiring that interconnects the
exciter/control assembly and RF power assembly will only permit mounting the exciter/control
assembly directly above the RF power assembly.
(a) For ease of installation, place the exciter/control and RF power assemblies on a suitable
work surface near the cabinet.
(b) For user supplied cabinets, install the exciter/control assembly’s slides (provided in
Cabinet Mounting Kit, Nautel Part # 197-8004-02) in the pre-determined or desired
location.
NOTE
For user supplied cabinets, the exciter/control assembly’s slides need assembly and
installation. The cabinet must have a 19-inch panel space with a minimum depth of 28 inches
and must contain front and rear combination rails for mounting the slides. Nautel provides a
support mounting angle, which must be installed. Refer to Figure 2-7 to install the Cabinet
Mounting Kit in a user-supplied cabinet.
(c) Install the exciter/control assembly’s bottom cover.
(d) Install the exciter/control assembly in the cabinet on its slides.
(e) Install the RF power assembly (without RF power modules) in the cabinet directly below
the exciter/control assembly. As a minimum, two people should perform this task.

Slides
Support
Mounting
Angle
Step 1:
From the Cabinet Mounting Kit (Nautel Part # 197-8004-02), obtain two slides (Nautel Part #
HAS64) and four nutbars (Nautel Part # 197-8028). Snap nutbar in each end of both slides as
shown below.
IMPORTANT!
When mounting J1000 sections
in a cabinet, use only the
mounting hardware provided in
the Cabinet Mounting Kit.
Do not remove pre-existing

hardware from the sides of the
RF power assembly; some are
inductor tuning screws that are
critical for the operation of the
transmitter.
Step 2:
Install exciter/control assembly slides in the cabinet between the front and rear support rails.
Secure using the M5 hardware provided with the Cabinet Mounting Kit. Install the
exciter/control assembly.
Step 3:
Install the RF power assembly (without RF power modules) to the cabinet’s front rails. Secure
using the M5 panel screws and clip nuts provided with the Cabinet Mounting Kit.
Step 4:
Install the J1000 support mounting angle (shown above, Nautel Part # 197-8027) below the
RF power assembly between the cabinet’s rear mounting rails. Secure using the M5
hardware provided with the Cabinet Mounting Kit.
Figure 2-7 Assembly/Installation Considerations for User Supplied Cabinet

2.2.6 Installing RF Power Modules
(a) Slide the RF power modules into their mounting trays from the rear of the RF power
assembly.
(b) Secure each RF power module to its mounting tray using the captive retaining screw
located at the bottom, front of the module. Do not over-tighten captive screw.
(c) Connect the 3-pin ac power connector (P20 for RF power module A, P21 for RF power
module B) to J1 of the RF power module’s forward converter PWB (A1).
2.2.7 Interconnect Wiring

Interconnect wiring for the RF power assembly is disconnected and secured to the
exciter/control assembly for shipping. Cut shipping tyraps, route the wiring/connectors to the
rear of the RF power assembly, and connect as follows (see Figure 5-1):
 P100 (25-pin D-type) mates with forward/reflected power probe connector 2A4J1.
 W100P2 (20-pin ribbon) mates with J1 of RF power module A’s forward converter PWB
(2A1A1).
 W100P3 (20-pin ribbon) mates with J1 of RF power module B’s forward converter PWB
(2A2A1).
 P104 (15-pin D-type) mates with J3 of the RF power module A’s interface PWB (2A1A2).
 P106 (15-pin D-type) mates with J3 of the RF power module B’s interface PWB (2A2A2).
2.2.8 Ac Power Switching Assembly

Nautel recommends an ac power switching assembly be used with the J1000. This unit must
have a dedicated fused interface between the service entrance and the J1000, or interface
protection unit (if purchased).
2.2.9 Installing Ac Power Wiring

The following procedures assume the ac power is supplied from a single-phase, 50/60 Hz ac
power source between 170 and 270 V ac.
NOTE
If the optional CE kit is used, the ac input voltage range of the ac line filter is affected by the
ambient operating transmitter. For temperatures less than 40°C (104°C), the ac input voltage
range is 185 V to 250 V ac. For temperatures greater than 40°C (104°C), the ac input voltage
range is 210 V to 250 V ac.
(a) Route the ac power wiring from the ac power source (service entrance) to the dedicated
ac power switching assembly installed in 2.2.8.
(b) If an interface protection unit has been purchased, route the ac power wiring from the
switching assembly to the interface protection unit, noting that it should be located close
to the switching assembly (see 2.2.12). If an interface protection unit has not been
purchased, Nautel recommends that all ac power wiring pass through one or more ferrite
toroids (Nautel Part # LP23, located in the ancillary kit) positioned near the power
connection on the J1000. If possible, make multiple turns of line cord through the toroids.

(c) Connect the J1000’s ac input (J1 for the exciter/control assembly, J3 for the RF power
assembly) to the interface protection unit, if purchased, or to the ac power switching
assembly (see Figure 2-6 to locate the ac input connector). Two 220 V connectors
(Nautel Part # JD43) are included in the ancillary kit.
2.2.10 RF Feed Cable

The RF feed cable connection can be N-type, 7/8-inch EIA, or stud (see 2.2.4). Connect the
RF feed cable to the RF output connector of the interface protection unit (if purchased), or the
J1000's RF OUTPUT connector (J1), noting the appropriate termination must be used. The
RF OUTPUT connector is at the rear of the J1000 on the right-hand side (see Figure 5-1).
NOTE
The RF output should be applied to a dummy load during initial turn-on. If the RF feed cable
is not connected to a switching circuit that permits antenna/ dummy load selection, ensure
the dummy load's RF feed cable is connected to the RF OUTPUT connector during the initial
turn-on procedure.
2.2.10.1 7/8-Inch RF Output Connection

The following instructions are for installing an RF feed cable for a 7/8-inch EIA output
connector, assuming the RF feed cable's terminating device is an inner conductor terminated
by a female inner (cup) connector.
(a) If an interface protection unit has been purchased, a 50-foot RF feed cable is provided;
DO NOT CUT IT (see 2.2.12.2). If you are not using the interface protection unit, cut the
RF feed cable to the required length and terminate it by a 7/8-inch EIA flange connector
with its inner conductor terminated by a female inner (cup) connector.
(b) Install one or more ferrite toroids (Nautel Part # LP23, provided in the ancillary kit) around
the RF feed cable near the J1000 end.
(c) Install the RF feed cable's 7/8-inch EIA fixed flange on the J1000's RF OUTPUT 7/8-inch
EIA adapter plate, ensuring the J1000's male inner (bullet) connector is fully mated with
the RF feed cable's female inner (cup) connector. Secure using the three sets of
attaching hardware located on the adapter plate's mounting studs.
(d) In the interior of the RF power assembly’s output filter, verify the female inner (cup)
connector is fully mated with the male inner (bullet) connector on the inner side of the RF
output adapter plate.
2.2.11 Reject Load

A 50 , 250 W (carrier power) reject load is provided by Nautel (packed separately from the
J1000) to allow continued operation at reduced power in the event of an RF power module
failure. An associated RF coaxial cable is also provided with the load, and connects the load
to the J1000’s REJECT LOAD connector (J2, N-type). The REJECT LOAD connector is
located at the rear of the J1000 (see Figure 2-6). If a Nautel cabinet is purchased, the reject
load will be factory-installed in the cabinet.
WARNING
When operating with one RF power module, the temperature in the reject load can
become excessive. Ensure a minimum clearance of 12 inches (305 mm) is maintained
on all sides of the reject load.

2.2.12 Interface Protection Unit
Nautel recommends that an interface protection unit, available from Nautel, be installed to
protect the J1000 from lightning. Figure 2-6 depicts the recommended J1000 installation,
including interconnection to the interface protection unit. Figure 2-8 shows the correct wire
routing for the interface protection assembly. Refer to the Lightning Protection section of
Nautel Recommendations for Transmitter Site Preparation booklet to aid with installation.
Figure 2-8 Interface Protection Assembly

2.2.12.1 RF Output Connector
The interface protection unit is shipped standard with an N-type RF output connector. If the
RF output connector requirements vary from the standard, a 7/8-inch EIA (Nautel Part #
197-8010-06) and stud (Nautel Part # 197-8010-07) output connectors may be used. These
connectors are located in the ancillary kit and can be changed as follows:
(a) Remove the cover of the interface protection unit.
(b) Unsolder the wire connected to the N-type output connector. Remove the connector.
(c) Locate the desired output connector from the ancillary kit and unsolder the wire that is
attached.
(d) Install the connector using the original hardware.
(e) Solder the wire to the connector where the original one was removed.
(f) Re-install the cover on the interface protection unit.
2.2.12.2 Mounting
As detailed in the Lightning Protection section of Nautel Recommendations for Transmitter
Site Preparation booklet, the interface protection unit is to be mounted at the entrance of the
ac mains voltage and the antenna feed. If the interface protection unit option is purchased, a
50-foot coaxial cable is provided to aid in this practice.
NOTE
The user must terminate the end of the 50-foot coaxial cable that connects to the interface
protection unit. Lugs have been provided in the J1000’s ancillary kit to facilitate connection to
the interface protection unit’s RF input terminal block.
Do not reduce the length of the 50-foot coaxial cable. Any excess length should be coiled up.
2.2.12.3 Ac Circuit Breaker and Fusing

When using an interface protection unit, connect the ac wiring as follows:
 From the ac service entrance to the ac power switching assembly (circuit breaker box).
 From the load side of the ac power switching assembly (circuit breaker box) to the
interface protection unit.
 From the interface protection unit to the J1000, using the ac power cord provided in the
ancillary kit.
2.2.12.4 Ground Stud

Connect a continuous, low-impedance conductor (0 AWG copper wire, 2-inch copper strap, or
equivalent) between the interface protection unit’s ground stud and the station reference
ground.
2.2.12.5 Remote Control/Monitor Wiring

Route all remote control/monitor wiring through the dedicated toroid in the interface protection
unit.

2.2.13 Station Reference Ground
Connect a continuous, low-impedance conductor (0 AWG copper wire, 2-inch copper strap or
equivalent), as described in the Lightning Protection section of Nautel Recommendations for
Transmitter Site Preparation booklet, between the station reference ground and the J1000's
station reference ground connection (refer to Figure 5-1 to locate the J1000's GND
connection, noting it is adjacent to the RF OUTPUT connector).
2.2.14 Determining Control/ Monitoring Requirements

There are several remote control and external monitoring options which must be pre-
determined by the user before the external wiring to/from these circuits can be installed. The
pre-installation information detailed in paragraph 2.1 identifies all of the remote controls and
alarm/status outputs that are available. It is assumed the user has reviewed this information
and has determined which will be used. It is also assumed the options available for the
control inputs and the monitoring outputs have been reviewed and the user has determined
which options are required to interface with the external equipment.
2.2.15 External Control Wiring

Install the wiring interconnecting the external control circuits to the J1000's remote interface
PWB (1A2), as required:
NOTE
It is assumed the remote controls being used were predetermined from the pre-installation
instructions (see 2.1.21).
The remote interface PWB has a positive (+) and a negative (-) terminal for each control
function. Each control circuit on the remote interface PWB must be configured to
accommodate the type of input - single ended (ground activated) or differential (using an
external power supply) - that will be applied to it. All control wiring should pass through two
toroids (Nautel Part # LXP38, located in the ancillary kit).
2.2.16 Internal/External RF Drive Source

RF synthesizer PWBs can use an internal RF oscillator or an external RF generator as the
RF drive source. The user identifies which source is used and verifies the installed PWBs are
configured (using shorting jumpers) to use the desired source. Refer to the RF synthesizer
PWB controls and indicators table in Section 3 of this manual for selection details. The
factory default selection is an integral RF oscillator.
NOTE
If an external RF drive is used for exciters A and B, it is recommended it be duplicated
(main/standby) and connected to changeover if a failure occurs. If this is not the case,
connect one of the RF synthesizer PWBs to use its integral oscillator as the RF drive source.
This will ensure continued operation in the event of an external RF drive source failure.

2.2.17 Adjusting the Spark Gap
The J1000’s RF output filter contains a spark gap that must be adjusted - based on site
altitude - to provide protection against excessive voltage (i.e., lightning) on the RF output.
WARNING
Make sure the ac power source for the J1000 is turned off or locked out when
adjusting the spark gap. Voltages that are dangerous to life are present on RF output
stages and the antenna system if the J1000 is turned on.
The J1000 should not be connected to an antenna system at this time.
(a) Determine the altitude of the transmitter site (in feet).
(b) Make sure that the ac power is turned off (locked out, if applicable) at the ac service
entrance.
(c) Gain access to the RF output spark gap, noting it is in the same vicinity as the RF output
connector (see Figure 2-9).
Figure 2-9 RF Output Spark Gap Location
(d) Measure the air gap between the spark gap balls, using a feeler gauge.
(e) The air gap should be 0.01 inches, multiplied by the scale factor listed in Table 2-3 for the
altitude determined in step (b). If not, loosen the locking nut on the spark gap, adjust the
position of the spark gap ball for the required gap and then tighten the locking nut.

Table 2-3: Altitude Scale Factor
Altitude Spark Gap Scale Factor
(ft) (multiply gap by…)
0 1.00
1,000 1.03
2,000 1.07
3,000 1.11
4,000 1.15
5,000 1.20
6,000 1.25
7,000 1.31
8,000 1.36
9,000 1.43
10,000 1.50

2.3 COMMISSIONING PROCEDURES
The J1000 is precisely calibrated and burned-in during manufacture. It should not be
necessary to change any adjustment, other than those specified. If the tests associated with
a procedure indicate the pre-set adjustments are not optimum, perform the appropriate
adjustment procedure as detailed in Section 4 (Testing and Adjustments) of this manual prior
to proceeding with additional tests.
2.3.1 Precautions
The J1000 contains many solid state devices that may be damaged if subjected to excessive
heat or high voltage transients. Every effort must be taken to ensure circuits are not
overdriven or disconnected from their loads while turned on. The precautionary information
included in the operating instructions of Section 2 should be read and fully understood prior to
applying power and must be observed during operation.
2.3.2 Turn-On Prerequisites
(a) Verify all interconnect wiring is installed and the reject load is connected to the J1000.
(b) Ensure ac power is turned off at the service entrance.
(c) Terminate the J1000's RF output into a precision 50 , resistive, 2,000 W dummy load
that can accurately display RF power.
WARNING
If a jumper is placed between the interlock inputs (TB2-15/TB2-16) on the remote
interface PWB, safety features controlled by the external interlocks will be disabled. A
fail-safe method of alerting personnel to this fact should be implemented. Voltages
that are dangerous to life are present on RF output stages and the antenna system if
the J1000 is turned on.
(d) Close all external interlocks or connect a temporary jumper wire between TB2-15 and
TB2-16 of the remote interface PWB.
(e) In lieu of station programming, connect an audio signal generator (pre-set to 1,000 Hz at
a zero output level), between TB2-14 (+) and TB2-12 (-) of the remote interface PWB.
(f) If the RF drive (or 10 MHz reference) for one or both exciters is provided by an external
RF generator, verify it is not being modulated and it meets the requirements of paragraph
2.1.16.
CAUTION
Ensure the external RF drive or 10 MHz reference does not exceed the peak-to-peak
amplitude specified in 2.1.16. Excessive voltages will overstress, and possibly overheat RF
drive input components.
(g) Connect an oscilloscope to the remote interface PWB's RF MONITOR connector (J14).

2.3.3 Initial Turn-On
Switch on the ac power at the service entrance, turn on the J1000, and observe the alarm
and status indicators as follows:
(a) Verify the requirements of paragraph 2.3.2 are complete.
(b) Switch on the ac power for the J1000. The AC IND lamp on each RF power module
(viewed from the rear of the J1000) should be on. The presence and value of ac voltage
can also be viewed on the exciter panel’s diagnostic display. Ensure the J1000’s RF power
stage is disabled by pressing the Control - RF OFF switch.
(c) Select local control by pressing the Control - Local switch.
4
R F C u rre n t (A )
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
RF Output Power (W)
Figure 2-10 RF Power Module Current versus RF Output Power
(d) Select desired operational parameters (exciter, power level, etc.) as detailed in Section 3
(Operating Instructions) of this manual.
(e) When adjusting the J1000 for desired RF output power, monitor the RF current on the
diagnostic display. Verify the RF current reading is the nominal value depicted in Figure
2-10.
NOTE
The graph in Figure 2-11 shows two distinct reductions in the buffered dc current as the RF
power increases. This is caused by an automatic change in the B+ voltage from 150 V to 250 V
to 350 V, in order to maximize J1000 performance.
(f) Audio gain has been factory set for optimum performance and should not require
calibration. The remote interface PWB’s AUDIO GAIN potentiometer is set for 10 dB to
produce 100% modulation.
(g) Set the diagnostic display’s real-time clock as described in paragraph 3.6.8.

2.3.4 Placing J1000 On-Air
When the initial turn-on procedure is complete, connect the studio audio to the J1000's audio
input terminals, connect or verify the RF output is connected to its antenna system, and
complete any required emission tests, as follows:
3
Total DC Current (A)
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
RF Output Power (W)
Figure 2-11 Buffered Dc Current versus RF Output Power
(a) Verify the RF power stage is turned off.
(b) Connect or verify the J1000's RF output is connected to an antenna system.
(c) Connect the station program audio as the J1000's modulating audio source.
NOTE
Connection of the audio cable's shield is dependent on the presence or absence of ground
loops. In some installations, it may be necessary to connect the shield at one end only. In these
cases, connect the end that provides the best results.
(d) Enable the J1000’s RF power stage by pressing the exciter front panel’s RF ON button.
NOTE
The power meter will initially indicate high reflected power values (initial VSWR is 55:1) until
forward power is present. This is normal.
(e) Set up the desired preset power levels for the J1000 level using the exciter front panel’s
diagnostic display (see paragraph 3.6.4 for the procedures to adjust output power and
establish power preset levels).

J1000
Section 3 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

3.1 INTRODUCTION
The following instructions are primarily intended for persons involved in operating or
maintaining of the equipment.
3.1.1 Precautions
The J1000 contains many solid state devices that can be damaged if subjected to excessive
heat or high voltage transients. Ensure that circuits are not overdriven and are not
disconnected from their loads while turned on.
3.2 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN

No special precautions are required in the event an emergency shutdown is required.
However, the type of shutdown will be dictated by the reason for the shutdown. There are two
types of shutdown. The first turns off the RF output by inhibiting the power output stages. The
second turns off the RF output and disables all of the internal power supplies by
disconnecting the ac power source.
3.2.1 Turn Off RF Output

When the cause of the emergency shutdown is external to the J1000 or is in the RF output
portion of the J1000, the following will turn off the RF power produced by the power modules:
WARNING
The following will not remove the ac power source voltage from the J1000 or inhibit
any of the internal low voltage dc supplies or the B+ power supply. If the reason for the
shutdown requires all voltages to be turned off, proceed directly to paragraph 3.2.2
 If operating in local or remote control, press the RF OFF switch on the exciter’s front panel.
 If operating in remote control, select RF Off at the remote control site.
 Open any external interlock switch.
3.2.2 Complete Shutdown

When the cause of the emergency shutdown dictates the need for a complete shutdown of the
J1000, do the following:
 Switch off the ac power source at the ac power entrance.
CAUTION
Do not remove the J1000’s ac input connector to switch off the ac power source. Capacitance
in the J1000’s switch mode power supply will cause arcing in the connector.

Section 3 Operating Instructions Issue 5.0
3.3 EXTERNAL SAFETY INTERLOCK
The external electrical interlock circuit is a protection circuit controlled by user determined,
serially connected, normally open/held closed interlock switches. It inhibits the RF output when
it is not safe to produce RF output.
3.3.1 When all of the external interlock switches are closed and it is safe to produce an RF
output, the exciter panel's system diagram External Alarm lamp will be off. The operator will
have full control of J1000 functions.
3.3.2 When any external interlock switch is open, the RF output stages will automatically be
turned off. The exciter panel's system diagram External Alarm lamp will turn off (alarm state). It
will not be possible to enable the RF power stages until all of the external interlock switches are
closed.
3.4 ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE PROTECTION

The J1000 assemblies contain semiconductor devices that are susceptible to damage from
electrostatic discharge (ESD). The following precautions should be taken when handling an
assembly that contains these devices:
NOTE
Electrostatic energy is produced when two insulating materials are rubbed together. A person
wearing rubber-soled shoes, walking across a nylon carpet or a waxed floor can generate an
extremely large electrostatic charge. This effect is magnified during periods of low humidity.
This high voltage may damage semiconductor devices such as integrated circuits, field-effect
transistors, thyristors and Schottky diodes unless adequate precautions are taken.
3.4.1 Discharging of Personnel

Personnel must be electrically discharged by a suitable ground system (anti-static mats,
grounding straps) when removing an assembly from the J1000 and while handling the
assembly for maintenance procedures.
3.4.2 Handling/Storage
The assembly should be placed in an anti-static bag when it is not installed in a host J1000 or
when it is not being subjected to maintenance procedures. Electronic components should be
stored in anti-static materials.
3.4.3 Tools/Test Equipment

Testing and maintenance equipment, including soldering and unsoldering tools, should be
suitable for contact with static sensitive semiconductor devices.
3.4.4 Stress Current Protection

Every precaution should be taken to ensure static sensitive semiconductor devices are
protected from unnecessary stress current. This is achieved by ensuring:
 Current is not flowing when an electrical connection is broken.
 Voltages are not present on external control/monitoring circuits when they are connected.

Issue 5.0 Section 3 Operating Instructions
3.5 CONTROLS AND INDICATORS
The operator/maintainer should be familiar with the J1000's controls and indicators before
operating the J1000 and/or attempting to perform fault diagnostics. In most cases, controls and
indicators are presented in an assembly-by assembly format. Figures and tables are provided
to aid in locating and understanding the assembly’s controls and indicators.
NOTE
On some mechanical drawings, numbered callouts are provided to cross-reference the
control/indicator to the description table.
The names used in the PANEL MARKING column of the controls and indicators tables are
intended to be the closest possible representation to the item’s label/silkscreen.
3.5.1 Exciter Front Panel Controls and Indicators

The exciter front panel is the primary local user interface for the J1000. Controls and indicators
are grouped into three sections on the panel (see Figure 3-1):
 System Diagram - a simple block diagram of the J1000 complete with alarm lamps. Refer
to Figure 3-2 and Table 3-1 for a description of the controls and indicators.
 Control – push-button switches that allow convenient control of the J1000’s RF status (on
or off) and its operator control source (local or remote). The RF OFF switch is functional
regardless of local or remote selection. Refer to Figure 3-3 and Table 3-2 for a description of
the controls and indicators.
 Diagnostic Display – a menu-driven graphic user interface screen (with five associated
push-buttons) which allows control and monitoring of the J1000’s critical parameters and
modes of operation. Refer to paragraph 3.6 for a full description of the diagnostic display.
3.5.2 Remote Interface PWB Controls and Indicators

Figure 3-4 and Table 3-3 identify and describe the controls and/or indicators on the exciter
control assembly’s remote interface PWB (1A2).
3.5.3 RF Synthesizer PWB Controls and Indicators

Figure 3-5 and Table 3-4 identify and describe the controls and/or indicators on the exciter
control assembly’s RF synthesizer PWBs (1A4 and, for dual exciter J1000s, 1A6).
3.5.4 Miscellaneous Exciter Controls and Indicators

Table 3-5 identifies and describes the controls and/or indicators on the exciter/ control
assembly’s controller/display PWB (1A1) and interphase PDM driver PWBs A1A5 and, for dual
exciter J1000s, 1A7).
3.5.5 RF Power Module Controls and Indicators

Table 3-6 identifies and describes the controls and/or indicators on each RF power module’s
forward converter PWB (2A1A1 orA2A1A1) and modulator assembly (2A1A3 or 2A2A3)

Figure 3-1: J1000 Exciter Front Panel (Primary User Interface)

System Diagram
Output Network
Exciter Mod
/PA
Changeover
Low Voltage
Power Supply
External Alarm
AC Mains Power Supply
Figure 3-2 J1000 Exciter Front Panel – System Diagram Section

Table 3-1: Exciter Panel - System Diagram Controls and Indicators
PANEL MARKING DESCRIPTION
Exciter When turned on (red), indicates the exciter’s active RF

synthesizer PWB (1A4 or 1A6) or interphase PDM driver PWB
(1A5 or 1A7) has failed. May be accompanied by a
Changeover alarm in dual exciter J1000s.
Low Voltage Power When turned on (red), indicates the low voltage power supply
Supply (1A8) has failed.
AC Mains When turned on (red), indicates the ac voltage applied to the

J1000 has fallen below an acceptable level. The J1000 will be
shut down.
Power Supply When turned on (red), indicates the switch mode power
supply in one of the RF power modules (2A1 or 2A2) has
failed. Depending on options installed, the J1000 can operate
at a reduced power level (250 W maximum).
External Alarm When turned on (red), indicates the external interlock circuit is
not presenting a closed circuit. The J1000’s RF power stage
will be shut down. When this lamp is flashing, the J1000 has
entered a cutback mode of operation due to multiple alarm
shutbacks within a three-second period.
Changeover When turned on (red), for dual exciter J1000s, indicates the
standby exciter assemblies have been enabled due to a fault
in the exciter selected as main. Redundant assemblies
affected by changeover are the RF synthesizer PWB (1A4 and
1A6) and interphase PDM driver PWB (1A5 and 1A7).
Mod/PA When turned on (red), indicates the modulator or the RF

power amplifier in one of the RF power modules (2A1 or 2A2)
has failed. Depending on the options installed, the J1000 can
operate at a reduced power level (250 W maximum).
Output Network When turned on (red), indicates the J1000’s RF power is

being cut back due to an impedance mismatch (high VSWR)
at the J1000’s output or the RF stress current threshold is
exceeded (normally caused by an impedance change in either
the RF filter's tuned circuits or the antenna system). When this
lamp is flashing, the J1000 has entered a cutback mode of
operation due to multiple alarm shutbacks within a three-second
period.

Figure 3-3: J1000 Exciter Front Panel – Control Section

Table 3-2: Exciter Panel - Control Section Controls and Indicators
PANEL
DESCRIPTION
MARKING
Local Pushbutton switch that sets and restricts the control of the J1000
functions that can be controlled remotely, to switches on the exciter’s
front panel. When its integral lamp is on (amber) (by pressing the
switch), Local control has been selected.
When Local control is selected, all of the remote control circuits (except
the external interlock and PDM inhibit during antenna switching) are
disabled.
Remote Pushbutton switch that sets and restricts the control of J1000 functions
that can be controlled remotely to remote control circuits. When its
integral lamp is on (amber) (by pressing the switch), Remote control has
been selected.
When Remote control is selected, all pushbutton switches on the

exciter’s front panel, except the RF OFF switch, are disabled and have
no influence. The RF OFF switch will still be enabled to ensure the RF
power stage can be turned off locally in the event of an emergency.
RF ON Pushbutton switch that turns on the J1000's RF power stage and cooling
fans when it is pressed and released. Its integral lamp will be on when
the RF power stage is turned on. The J1000 will operate at the level
stored in the selected power pre-set.
RF OFF Pushbutton switch that turns off the J1000's RF power stage when it is
pressed. Its integral lamp will be on when the RF power stage is turned
off.

5
Exciter A
Exciter B
Auto 4
PDM Inhibit
Spare
1
2
RF On
RF Off
Reset
Preset 1
Preset 2
4
Preset 3
Preset 4
Preset 5
Preset 6
Power Incr
Power Decr
Figure 3-4 Assembly Detail – Part of Remote Interface PWB (NAPI85/01A)

Table 3-3: Remote Interface PWB Controls and Indicators
ITEM PANEL
DESCRIPTION
(Ref MARKING
1 EXCITER A Bi-position selection jumpers used to configure exciter A for
(E1) AUDIO/HD-R normal (analog) or digital (HD-R) audio input. Shorting post
E1 installed between pins 1 and 2 for analog AUDIO and
between pins 2 and 3 for HD-R audio.
2 EXCITER B Bi-position selection jumpers used to configure exciter B for
(E2) AUDIO/HD-R normal (analog) or digital (HD-R) audio input. Shorting post
E2 installed between pins 1 and 2 for analog AUDIO and
between pins 2 and 3 for HD-R audio.
3 RF Source Three-selection jumper (A-C) configured for use with an
(E7) external RF generator (NORM), digital audio (HD-R), or an
external 10 MHz reference (10MHz) as the RF drive source.
4 SINGLE/DIFF Bi-position selection jumpers that configure the remote

(E8-E22 Input Selection interface PWB to accept either single-ended or differential
and E27) remote control inputs. A differential input is selected when a
shorting shunt post shorts pins 1 and 2 of its associated 3-pin
header. A single-ended input is selected when a shorting
shunt post shorts pins 2 and 3 of its associated 3-pin header.
See Figure 3-4 for the specific jumper functions.
5 RF MONITOR Bi-position selection jumper configured for the external

(E30) Impedance impedance connected to the RF MONITOR output sample
(J14). Shorting post E30 installed between pins 1 and 2 for
1,000 and between pins 2 and 3 for 50 ohms.
6 AUDIO GAIN Adjusted for 100% modulation when the modulating audio is
(R23) between 0 dBm and +12 dBm and its amplitude is the level
that is expected to produce 100% modulation.
7 MAG GAIN Adjusted to produce 100% modulation of ‘magnitude’ signal

(R36) from the NE IBOC exciter.
8 SET Adjusted to limit the duration of positive modulation peaks to

(R45) THRESHOLD the J1000’s RF current thresholds.
9 AUDIO FILTER Binary selector switch that selects one of four frequencies (7.5
(S1) kHz, 10.5 kHz, 13.5 kHz or 16.0 kHz) as the modulating
audio's 1.0 dBm roll-off point.

1a 6a-6e 2 4 5
RF SYNTHESIZER IPM BAL

10MHz NAPE70
C11
C13
C10
REF
C5
INPUT J2 SER.
R7
CR4
R1 C23
C12
R23
R51
C6 R20
R22
C14 C25
U5 Q4 TP5
C8
TP4 R38
C15
U1 L1 GND
R5
C27 R37
L3
C18
C21 C28 C56 C54
R14
R25 CR5 +
C2 TP1 R6 + R10 C29
C16
C17
C9
C7
R60
C42
R26 R42
1 E1 C47 R11
SYMMETRY ADJ C32
REF
R28
L8
EXT INT R9 U10 1 E6
R31
SYMMETRY
1 E2 R29 ENABLE DISABLE
R8
+ R35
C3 C48
1
C37 R13
CR3 U3 CR6
R32
R12
CR2 U4 R34 R33
PDM TP6 C46
C44
C4
L6 1 E3 R27
U12
R4
LOW HIGH SOURCE
J1
R24 1 E4
R17
R3 EXT INT TP7
Q1
Q2
Q3
R53 +
TP3 R18
C59 FREQUENCY (kHz) C43 CR1
+ L4
S1 GND S2 S3 S4 S5 R19 C33 C30 E5
L9
C57
x1000 x100 x10 x1 x0.1 + R2 A
C39
C38 R48 C58 B

901 901 901 901 901
8 2 8 2 8 2 8 2 8 2 R49 Q6 Q5 C
L7 D
7 3 7 3 7 3 7 3 7 3 R43
654 654 654 654 654 R50 + R46 E
R45 + C31 F
FOR NAVTEX USE R47
C34
SET ALL SWITCHES TO 0 1 U2 C41 L5 G
TP2 R16
R15 +
J3 C19 C20 C40
R21
1 C55 2 1
C22
+
C35 3 3 2 1 C26 +
C24
U11
R63 R57
U9
R54
R56
R59
R61
R55
R62 U6 U7 C36
U8
U14
L2
4 4
C61
U15
C60
M1940211 V1
1b 3
901 901 901 901 901
8 2 8 2 8 2 8 2 8 2
7 3 7 3 7 3 7 3 7 3
654 654 654 654 654
1 2 9 4 0
SHOWN SET FOR 1294.0 kHz
Figure 3-5 Assembly Detail – RF Synthesizer PWB (NAPE70F/01)

Table 3-4: RF Synthesizer PWB Controls and Indicators
ITEM PANEL
DESCRIPTION
(Ref MARKING
1a-1b REFERENCE (A) Part of a bi-position selector circuit used to configure the RF
(E1, E2, synthesizer PWB to use either the output of an integral
E4) REFERENCE (B) crystal controlled oscillator, an external RF generator, or an
external 10 MHz reference as the RF drive source. Refer to
RF Drive Source paragraph 2.1.16 for selection information.
See the chart below for the proper RF drive configuration
settings of the three pin header posts E1, E2, and E4.
E1 E2 E4
Internal c 2-3 2-3 2-3
External c 2-3 2-3 1-2
External 10 MHz 1-2 1-2 2-3
2 PDM High/Low Bi-position selection jumper used to configure the RF

(E3) synthesizer PWB for high PDM (nominal 130 kHz) or low
PDM (nominal 65 kHz). The J1000 uses the high PDM
setting and the micro-controller determines the actual PDM
frequency.
HIGH PDM is selected when shorting post E3 is installed
between pins 2 and 3 of its 3-pin header.
LOW PDM is selected when shorting post E3 is installed
between pins 1 and 2 of its 3-pin header.
3 Drive Matching Seven selection jumper (A-G) used to configure the RF drive
(E5) circuit for its host transmitter. The jumper is installed in the D
position (shorting pins 7 and 8) for J1000s.
4 Symmetry Bi-position selection jumper used to enable or disable the RF

(E6) Adjust drive symmetry adjustment circuitry. Always set to ENABLE
Enable/Disable (E6 installed between pins 1 and 2 of its 3-pin header) for
J1000s.
5 RF DRIVE Adjusted to obtain an RF oscillator drive waveform that is a

(R32) SYMMETRY symmetrical square wave.
6 X1000 Adjusts the carrier frequency in 1000 kHz steps.
(S1-S5) X100 Adjusts the carrier frequency in 100 kHz steps.
X10 Adjusts the carrier frequency in 10 kHz steps.
X1 Adjusts the carrier frequency in 1000 Hz steps.
X0.1 Adjusts the carrier frequency in 100 Hz steps.

Table 3-5: Miscellaneous Exciter Controls and Indicators
PANEL
REF DES DESCRIPTION
MARKING
1A1DS9 +5V When turned on (green), indicates the +5 V low voltage power
supply is being applied to the controller/display PWB.
1A1DS10 +15V When turned on (green), indicates the +15 V low voltage
power supply is being applied to the controller/display PWB.
1A1DS11 +24V When turned on (green), indicates the +24 V low voltage
1A1DS12 -15V When turned on (green), indicates the -15 V low voltage
1A1DS13 -5V When turned on (green), indicates the -5 V low voltage power
supply is being applied to the controller/display PWB.
1A5E1/E2 A/B Bi-position selection jumper used to set the input impedance
or for the unbalanced audio input. Always set to B (E1 and E2
1A7E1/E2 between pins 2 and 3 of its 3-pin header) for J1000s.
1A5R31 GAIN TRIM Adjusted, when interphase PDM driver PWB is enabled (the
or associated exciter is the active exciter). Compensates for
1A7R31 tolerance differences between exciter 'A' and exciter 'B' in dual
exciter J1000s. One or both must be adjusted to set the PDM
pulse train to produce identical RF output levels when either
exciter is selected.
1A5R59 DUMP Adjusted to maximize modulation linearity at high trough

or modulation levels.
1A7R59
Table 3-6: RF Power Modules Controls and Indicators

PANEL
REF DES DESCRIPTION
MARKING
2A1A1DS1 AC IND When turned on (amber), indicates the ac input voltage is
or being applied to RF power module A or B.
2A2DS1
2A1DS2 +24V When turned on (green), indicates the +24 V power supply
or voltage is being applied to RF power module A or B.
2A2DS2
2A1A3DS1 B+ When turned on (amber), indicates the B+ voltage is being
or supplied by the forward converter PWB to the modulator.
2A2A3DS1

STATUS BAR
14:55:27 Power:1003W Man 3 Excit A Man
Fwd Power: 1003 W
0 500 1200
METER
METER SELECTION
SELECTIONS Refld Power: 25.0W
0 100 200
SCROLL
VSWR: 1.05:1
1 1.50 2.00
SOFT KEY
Menu Power LABELS
Figure 3-6: Diagnostic Display – Main Screen
14:55:15 Power: 1003W Man 3 Excit A Man

Exciter Control PRESS Menu
SUB-MENU Events Log FROM MAIN
SELECTIONS Settings SCREEN TO
Change meter DISPLAY MAIN
Module Check MENU
Select Back
Figure 3-7: Diagnostic Display – Main Menu Screen
3.6 DIAGNOSTIC DISPLAY

The diagnostic display or GUI (see Figure 3-6), in the centre of the exciter’s front panel, is a
240 x 64 dot pixel graphic LCD display and is the primary local user interface for the J1000.
With the exception of RF on/off and local/remote control, all J1000 functions are controlled and
indicated by this display. As well, all critical parameters and events are monitored. The
following paragraphs describe how to use the diagnostic display.
3.6.1 Pushbutton Switches

See Figure 3-1 or 3-3. Five push button switches next to the GUI allow for GUI navigation. The
up () and down () push buttons, to the right of the GUI, are used to move up and down
through displayed selections and to increase or decrease the value of a selected parameter.
Holding the  or  push button increases the rate of change, where applicable. There are
three  soft-key push buttons whose functions are indicated by the text displayed directly
above them for a given menu.
3.6.2 Main Screen

The high level screens of the diagnostic display (Figures 3-6 and 3-7) display:
 Transmitter status bar

 Three user defined meter selections
 Meter selection scroll (controlled by  and  pushbuttons)
 Sub-menu selections
3.6.2.1 Transmitter Status Bar

The transmitter status bar is the information displayed along the top of the diagnostic display.
This information is present at all times and indicates the following (from left to right):
 Current time
 Output power setting
 Manual or automatic pre-set power level selection
 Active exciter (A or B)
 Exciter changeover option (manual or automatic)

FOR QUICK REFERENCE TO A GUI FUNCTION: Locate the desired function in the flow
diagram below, then refer to the referenced paragraph (e.g. 3.6.2) for further information.
Main
Screen
(3.6.2)
Main Menu Status Power

(3.6.2) (3.6.3) (3.6.4)
Reset
Edit Preset 1 (3.6.4)
Exciter Control
(3.6.5) through
Edit Preset 6 (3.6.4)
Events Log View Event

(3.6.6) (3.6.6)
Clear Log
Settings Power Preset

Schedule (3.6.7)
Real Time Clock

(3.6.8)
Factory Settings Calibrate Meters

**(3.6.9) (3.6.9.1)
View Software Version Set Thresholds

(3.6.10) (3.6.9.2)
NxLink Configuration Maximum Allowable

(3.6.11 ** Output Gain (3.6.9.3)
Change Meter ** - Optional. Displayed only when

Use Factory Settings
(3.6.12) NxLink is installed and
(3.6.9.4)
communicating with transmitter.
Module Check
(3.6.13)
* - Factory settings are established at Nautel

during factory testing. User adjustments -
which are not normally required - should
only be performed by trained personnel.
Figure 3-8 – Flow Diagram – Diagnostic Display Menu Functions

3.6.3 Viewing Faults
In addition to the system diagram’s fault indicators, a list of current faults can be viewed on the
diagnostic display. View the list of faults as follows:
14:55:27 Power:1003W Man 3 Excit A Man 14:55:15 Power: 1003W Man 3 Excit A Man
Fwd Power: 1003 W Currently Active Faults::
0 500 1200
Low AC Voltage
Refld Power: 25.0W
0 100 200
VSWR: 1.05:1
1 1.50 2.00
Menu Status Power Reset Back
(a) From the main screen, press Status, if displayed. A list of current faults is displayed and
the Status text changes to Reset. Press Reset to attempt to clear the fault(s). If Status is
not displayed, no faults are being recognized.
NOTE
Use the Events Log (see paragraph 3.6.6) to view alarm history.
(b) Press  or  to scroll through faults.
3.6.4 Adjusting RF Output Power and Setting Power Preset Levels

Adjust the RF output power and set power preset levels 1 through 6 as follows:
14:55:27 Power:1003W Man 3 Excit A Man 14:55:15 Power:1003 W Man 3 Excit A Man
Fwd Power: 1003 W
0 500 1200
Fwd Power: 1003 W Refld Power: 25W
Refld Power: 25.0W VSWR: 1.02
0 100 200 Pwr Mode: Manual Avg B+ Volt: 350V
VSWR: 1.05:1 Pwr Level: 3 Tot DC Cur: 3.11A
1 1.50 2.00
Menu Power Next Back
(a) From the main screen, press Power. The following parameters are displayed:
 Forward and Reflected power

 VSWR
 Average B+ voltage
 Total dc current
 Power operating mode (manual or automatic)
 Pre-set power level (1 through 6)
NOTE
The user may define the level or status of the forward power (Fwd Power), operating mode (Pwr
Mode), and pre-set power level (Pwr Level). The remaining parameters are for monitoring only.
(b) Press Next to toggle through the selectable items (Fwd Power, Pwr Mode and Pwr
Level). Press Set to activate selected mode or pre-set power level. Forward power is a
real-time display.

(c) Press  or  to adjust the setting.
NOTE
The VSWR reading will be high until forward power is present (e.g., 1 W).
NOTE
The Auto Pwr Mode disables manual power adjustments and enables the automatic power
pre-set scheduler (see paragraph 3.6.7). If the assigned power level is set to 0 W, an RF Off
command will be initiated for that power level.
(d) Press Back to return to main screen.
(e) To set preset power levels 1 through 6 (as desired), perform the following steps:
i. Set the Pwr Mode to Manual.

ii. Adjust the Fwd Power setpoint to the desired power level for preset 1.
iii. Press Next. Press Next again.
iv. Adjust the Pwr Level to 1 (i.e., preset 1).
v. Press Set.
vi. Repeat steps ii through v for presets 2 through 6, as desired.
3.6.5 Exciter Control

Select the active exciter (A or B, if applicable) and the changeover status as follows:
14:55:15 Power: 1003W Man 3 Excit A Man 14:55:15 Power: 1000W Man 3 Excit A Man
Exciter Control
Events Log
Settings Active exciter: A
Change meter
Module Check Exciter mode: Single
Select Back Next Back
(a) At the main menu screen, highlight Exciter Control (using  and ) and press Select.
The following parameters are displayed:
 Active exciter (A or B)
 Exciter mode (Single or Auto)
(b) Press  or  to toggle between the options for the highlighted item.
(c) Press Next to toggle between the Active exciter and Exciter mode selections.
NOTE
In Exciter mode, selecting Auto enables automatic changeover when an exciter fault occurs
(for dual exciter J1000s). If automatic changeover occurs, a Restore (A or B) option appears
on the left-hand soft key of the diagnostic display to allow an attempt to restore the main
exciter. The Changeover lamp is also on.
(d) Press Back when complete. Display returns to Menu options.

3.6.6 Viewing Events Log
The 128 most recent J1000 events (alarms, etc.) are stored in memory. View the Events Log
as follows:
Exciter Control 17Dec03 09:00:42 Over Voltage P/S A
Events Log 17Dec03 09:40:05 Modulator Fail B
Settings 01Jan04 08:00:02 Modulator Fail A
01Jan04 08:00:02 Ext. PDM Inhibit
Change meter
Module Check
Select Back Select 001 Alarms Only Back
(a) From the main menu screen, highlight Events Log and press Select. A list of
chronological events is displayed, sorted by date and time, with a description of the event.
(b) Press  or  to scroll through the events.
(c) Press Alarms Only to display a list of J1000 fault occurrences only.
(d) Press Select ### on a highlighted event to display the J1000 status when the highlighted
event occurred.
NOTE
The 3-digit number shown in the Select ### display will be the number allocated to the
highlighted event. Event 001 is the most recent occurrence.
(e) Press  and  simultaneously to clear the event log.
(f) Press Back to return to the main screen.

3.6.7 Scheduling Pre-Set Power Levels
Up to six pre-set power levels can be scheduled for each month of the year. Set the scheduled
times/months for pre-set power levels as follows:
NOTE
The pre-set power scheduler does not change for daylight savings time.
(a) Set the Pwr Mode for Manual (see paragraph 3.6.4).
Exciter Control Power January 1: 1:20
Events Log Preset February 2: 15:20
Settings Scheduler: March 3: 10:10
Change meter April 4: 11:32
Module Check May 5: 12:32
June 6: 23:23
Select Back Save EEPROM Select Back

Exciter control Power preset schedule NxLink
Events Log Real time clock Configuration is
Settings
Settings Factory settings only displayed when
Change meter View SW Version the NxLink module
Module Check NxLink Configuration is installed.
Select Back
(b) From the main menu screen, highlight Settings (using  and ) and press Select. A sub-
menu appears on the right-hand side of the display. If necessary, highlight Power preset
schedule and press Select. The screen shown above is displayed.
(c) Press  or  to scroll through the months. Press Select on the desired highlighted month.
(d) For each month of the year, each pre-set power level can be assigned a time when they
are to become active. For the highlighted power level (1: through 6:), press Select and set
the hours and minutes (using ,  and Next) for the desired time. Use the Clear button to
clear a highlighted entry if an incorrect time has been entered. When the time has been
entered, press Back twice to return to month selection.
(e) When a schedule has been entered for the first month, it can be copied for all remaining
months by pressing All Months. A confirmation prompt (press Yes or No) will appear on
the display.
(f) If different monthly schedules are required, repeat steps (c) and (d) for each month.
(g) Save the power pre-set schedule changes into memory by pressing Save EEPROM. Set
the Pwr Mode for Auto to activate the pre-set power scheduler.
(h) Press Back to return to the main screen.

3.6.8 Setting Real Time Clock
Set the real-time clock as follows:
Exciter Control
Events Log Time Day Date
Settings
Change meter 11:02:52 Fri 17/Dec/03
11
Module Check
Select Back Next Set Back

Exciter control Power preset schedule
Events Log Real time clock
Settings
Settings Factory settings
Change meter View SW Version
Module Check NxLink Configuration
Select Back
(a) From the main menu screen, highlight Settings (using  and ) and press Select. A sub-
menu will appear on the right-hand side of the display. Highlight Real time clock and press
Select. A Time/Day/Date setting screen will appear.
(b) Using ,  and Next, set the Time, Day and Date parameters as required.
NOTE
The real-time clock does not automatically update for daylight savings time.
(c) Press Set to update the clock.
(d) Press Back until the display returns to the main screen.
3.6.9 Changing Factory Calibrated Settings

Certain parameters, calibrated during factory testing, can be accessed or changed in the event
an out-of-tolerance condition occurs.
Exciter Control Exciter control Power preset schedule
Events Log Events Log Real time clock
Settings Settings
Change meter Change meter View SW Version
Module Check Module Check NxLink Configuration
Select Back Select Back
menu will appear on the right-hand side of the display. Highlight Factory settings and
press Select. The following warning will appear:

Warning: Modifying these

settings can affect your
transmitter operation.
Do you wish to continue?
Yes No
NOTE
Modifying factory calibrated settings in the following paragraphs (3.6.9.2, 3.6.9.3, and
3.6.9.4) may void the equipment’s warranty. Contact Nautel prior to attempting any
adjustments to factory settings.
After pressing Yes, the following options are displayed:
Calibrate meters
Set Thresholds
Max Allow. Output Gain
Use Factory Settings
Select Back
(b) Press  or  to scroll through the options and press Select to enter the appropriate sub-
menu (see paragraphs 3.6.9.1 through 3.6.9.4).
3.6.9.1 Calibrate Meters

Re-align an out-of-tolerance meter reading for a displayed parameter as follows:
NOTE
All meter readings displayed on the main (top level) screen can be adjusted. It is imperative
that reliable, calibrated test equipment be used to verify the actual value of the out-of-
tolerance parameter.

Meter Calibration
PDM B: .59
0 10 20
Scale factor: .1823

Save EEPROM Next Back
(a) Press Next until the desired out-of-tolerance parameter, and its current metered level, is
displayed.
(b) Press  or  to calibrate the level of the out-of-tolerance parameter. When complete,
press Save EEPROM.
(c) Continue calibration of other metered parameters by pressing Next or return to previous
menu by pressing Done.

3.6.9.2 Set Thresholds
Adjustments can be made to the critical J1000 shutback and cutback thresholds, such as RF
current, dc current, low ac voltage, and high/low reflected power cutback levels. Less critical
settings, such as diagnostic display contrast, can also be adjusted. Set thresholds as follows:

Threshold setting
RF Current: 233
Estimated Threshold: 14.43A
Save EEPROM Next Back
(a) Press Next until the desired threshold or setting is displayed. An Estimated Threshold may
be displayed to provide an estimation of the threshold setting.
(b) Press  or  to adjust the threshold level or setting as desired. When complete, press
Save EEPROM.
(c) Continue adjustment of other thresholds and settings by pressing Next or return to previous
menu by pressing Done.
3.6.9.3 Maximum Allowable Output Gain

The maximum allowable output gain can be adjusted in terms of duty cycle or J1000 output
power. Establish these maximum settings as follows:
Current Duty Cycle: 46.98%

Transmitter Power:1322.0W
Set Current Duty Cycle: 46.98
46.98%
Set Transmitter Power:1322.0W
Next Set Back
(a) The Current Duty Cycle and Transmitter Power are displayed. Press Next until the
desired parameter (Set Current Duty Cycle or Set Transmitter Power) is highlighted.
(b) Press  or  to adjust the value of the highlighted parameter. When complete, press Set.
(c) Return to previous menu by pressing Set.
3.6.9.4 Use Factory Settings

The functions described in paragraphs 3.6.9.1 through 3.6.9.3 can be restored to factory
settings as follows:
Do you want to restore

factory setting?
Yes No
A confirmation message will be displayed – Do you want to restore factory settings? Press
Yes or No.

3.6.10 Viewing Software Version
The software version of the J1000’s diagnostic display can be viewed as follows:

Exciter control Power preset schedule
Events Log Real time clock
Settings
Change meter View SW Version
Module Check NxLink Configuration
Select Back
menu will appear on the right-hand side of the display. Highlight View SW Version (using
 and ) and press Select. The version of the installed software will be displayed.
(b) Press Back twice to return to the main screen.
3.6.11 NxLink Configuration

Configure the NxLink, if installed, as follows:
NOTE
The Settings screen only displays NxLink Configuration if the NxLink is installed and
communicating with the transmitter’s controller. The screen should take less than one minute
to appear.
menu will appear on the right-hand side of the display. Highlight NxLink Configuration
(using  and ) and press Select. The following NxLink Configuration screen will be
displayed:

NxLink Configuration
IP Address: 0. 0. 0. 0
Netmask: 255.255. 0. 0
Gateway: 192.163. 1. 2
DNS Server: 192.168. 1.248
DHCP’d Address: 0. 0. 0. 0
Save Select Back
(b) Use  or  to highlight IP Address, Netmask, Gateway or DNS Server. Press Select on
the address to be edited.
NOTE
The DHCP’d Address is not a selectable field. The address is automatically assigned when
the NxLink is connected to a LAN (if DHCP is available on the network) and the IP Address
is set to 0.0.0.0 (as shown).
(c) Press Edit on the highlighted address field to enable editing of the address. Use  or  to
move left to right through the address sections. Press Save when complete.
(d) Press Back to exit address editing and press Save to save the NxLink configuration. Refer
to the NxLink’s Technical Instruction Manual for more information.
(e) Press Back to return to the main screen.

3.6.12 Selecting Metered Parameters
For monitoring convenience, the main screen can be changed to display any three of the
following parameters:
 Forward power
 Reflected power
 VSWR
 Total current
 Ac voltage
 RF current
 Average B+ voltage
 B+ voltage – power supply A
 B+ voltage – power supply B
 PA voltage – power supply A
 PA voltage – power supply B
 Dc current – power supply A
 Dc current – power supply B
 +24 V power supply voltage
 +5 V power supply voltage
 –5 V power supply voltage
 –15 V power supply voltage
Select parameters for display as follows:
Exciter control Forward Power: 1003W
1000W
Events Log 0 600 1200
Settings B+ Voltage : 350V

Change meter 0 200 400
Module Check Total Current: 3.38A
0 2.5 5
Select Back Save EEPROM Next Back
(a) From the main menu screen, highlight Change meter (using  and ) and press Select.
The main screen will be displayed with the three currently selected parameters.
(b) Press Next to select the parameter to edit and use  and  to select the desired
parameter to be monitored in its place.
(c) Continue changing the main screen’s displayed parameters by pressing Next. Press Done
to temporarily enter the selection to the main screen. Press Save EEPROM to store the
selection until it is edited again.

3.6.13 Module Check
The status of RF power modules A and B, forward converter PWBs (power supplies) A and B
and the dc-dc converter PWB (low voltage power supply can be monitored as follows:
Exciter control Module Power Supply FanA: OK
Events Log Check : Power Supply FanB: OK
Settings Power Module A:Inhibited
Change meter Power Module B:OK
Module Check Low Volt Power Supply A:OK
Low Volt Power Supply B:OK
Select Back Back
NOTE
The module status menu is displayed for monitoring purposes only. Module status cannot be
altered from this menu.
(a) From the main menu screen, highlight Module Check (using  and ) and press Select.
A status screen will be displayed indicating the status (OK or Inhibited) of the following
modules (text as displayed on screen, with corresponding reference designation in
parentheses, see Figures 4-1 and 5-1 for location):
 Power Module A (2A1)

 Power Module B (2A2)
 Power Supply A (2A1A1)
 Power Supply B (2A2A1)
 Low Volt Power Supply A (1A9)
(b) Press Back twice to return to the main screen.
3.6.14 Battery Status

The diagnostic display initiates a message when the voltage of the memory backup battery
(BT1 of the controller/display PWB) falls below a pre-determined threshold. If this message is
displayed, replace the battery as soon as possible.

J1000
Section 4 TESTING AND ADJUSTMENT

4.1 INTRODUCTION
This section contains step-by-step functional test procedures using integral meters and
precision test/monitoring equipment. The test procedures contain routine adjustment
instructions to bring the parameter being tested within defined limits, where appropriate.
NOTE
Nautel recommends all instructions be followed in the order presented, particularly by
personnel who are not familiar with detailed circuit theory and may not realize the impact a
specific adjustment can have on other steps. These adjustments should be performed during
initial turn-on and after major repairs or a frequency change.
4.2 OPERATING PRECAUTIONS

The J1000 contains protection circuits that monitor critical parameters. When the defined limits
of any parameter is exceeded, a lamp on the exciter panel’s system diagram will turn red. If the
alarm condition could result in excessive power amplifier stress current, the control voltage
applied to the power amplifiers will effectively be reduced or turned off until the out-of-tolerance
condition no longer exists. Maintainers should read and fully understand the Section 3
(Operating Instructions), and in particular the section on controls and indicators.
NOTE
The diagnostic display’s main screen displays three pre-determined parameters (e.g., forward
power, total dc current, +15 V power supply, etc.). All J1000 parameters may be displayed on
this screen. See paragraph 3.6.10.
4.3 FUNCTIONAL TESTS

To verify the J1000 circuits are within factory specifications, complete the tests set out in this
section. In cases where a routine adjustment will correct an out-of-tolerance condition, the
adjustment procedure is included.
NOTE
If an in-tolerance condition cannot be attained with the specified routine adjustment,
discontinue testing until the cause of the out-of-tolerance condition is corrected.
4.3.1 General
Functional tests should be performed as a routine part of scheduled maintenance checks, and
as the first step in troubleshooting procedures. The results should be recorded for comparison
with past and future test results.
4.3.1.1 The functional test procedures are provided in a step-by-step format. This method of
presentation will permit a person who is unfamiliar with the J1000 to perform the functional
tests in a logical sequence. The procedures should be completed in sequence, as each
procedure establishes switch settings and contains prerequisites for subsequent procedures.

Section 4 Testing and Adjustment Issue 5.0
4.3.1.2 The following assumes the initial turn-on procedure detailed in Section 2 has been
completed during initial installation, and after major repairs that warrant the initial start-up
procedure be repeated.
4.3.1.3 The exciter assemblies may be duplicated and connected as active (main) and reserve
(standby). The exciter panel’s diagnostic display provides selection of the active exciter (A or
B). The following list identifies the duplicated assemblies and which are active for a specific
selection. Refer to Figure 4-1 to locate exciter assemblies. To locate an assembly’s adjustment
or test point, refer to the controls and indicators portion of Section 3.
Exciter A Assemblies
RF Synthesizer PWB ..................................... 1A4
Interphase PDM Driver PWB ......................... 1A5
Exciter B Assemblies
RF Synthesizer PWB ..................................... 1A6
Interphase PDM Driver PWB ......................... 1A7
4.3.1.4 PWB mounted potentiometers are multi-turn devices that have a clutch at either
extreme of their adjustment. Their wipers must be turned a minimum of four turns in one
direction to set fully clockwise or fully counter clockwise. Before adjusting a potentiometer,
remove the factory-installed adhesive cover.
4.3.2 Test Equipment Required

A dummy load rated for a minimum 2,000 W, an oscilloscope, a digital multimeter, and a
modulation monitor are required to perform the functional test procedures. Refer to Table 1-1
for recommended test equipment.
4.3.3 Test Prerequisites

Complete the following steps prior to performing any of the functional test procedures:
(a) Verify that nothing affecting the RF power stage has been changed or altered since the
initial start-up procedure (described in Section 2 of this manual) was completed.
(b) Ensure ac power is turned off at the service entrance.
(c) Terminate the J1000's RF output into a precision 50 , 2,000 W resistive load that is able
to accurately display the RF power being applied to it.
WARNING
If a jumper is placed between the interlock inputs (TB2-15 and TB2-16) on remote
interface PWB 1A2, safety features provided by the external interlocks will be disabled.
A fail-safe method of alerting personnel to this fact should be implemented. Voltages
dangerous to life will be present on RF output stages and the antenna system if the
J1000 is turned on under these conditions.
(d) Close all external interlocks or connect a temporary jumper wire between TB2-15 and
TB2-16 of the remote interface PWB.
NOTE
Remote interface PWB 1A2 is located on the rear of the exciter/control assembly (Unit 1). All
terminal blocks, including TB2, are accessible at the rear of the J1000.

Issue 5.0 Section 4 Testing and Adjustment
TOP VIEW
A2
Remote Interface
PWB
A5 (A)
A4 (A)
RF Synthesizer Interphase PDM

PWBs Driver PWBs
A3
A6 (B) A7 (B)
Exciter Interface
PWB
Controller/Display
PWB
A1
B1
Power Supply Ethernet Interface

Assembly U200 Module (Optional)
A8
LVPS Buck
A9 Converter PWB
B2
Figure 4-1 Exciter/Control Assembly (Unit 1)

4.3.4 Initial Turn-On
Switch on the ac power, turn on the J1000, and observe its alarm and status indicators as
follows:
(a) Verify the requirements of paragraph 4.3.3 have been completed.
(b) Switch on the ac power for the J1000. The AC IND lamp on each RF power module
(viewed from J1000 rear) will be on. The presence and value of ac voltage can also be
viewed on the exciter panel’s diagnostic display. Ensure the J1000’s RF power stage is
disabled by pressing the Control - RF OFF switch.
(c) Select local control by pressing the Control - Local switch.
NOTE
During initial turn-on and adjustment of J1000 power, the diagnostic display’s main screen
should be monitored.
Various input parameters, such as Forward Power, Average B+ Voltage, and Total Current
should be displayed while the J1000 RF output power is being increased.
If the text associated with the diagnostic display’s centre soft-key changes from blank to
Status, a fault has occurred. Discontinue adjustment of the J1000 and press the Status button
to determine the nature of the fault.
4.3.5 Standard Adjustments

The following standard adjustments should be made or verified when J1000 operation has
been established:
NOTE
The standard adjustments are required to ensure optimum J1000 operation.
Other adjustments, considered to be non-standard, are described in paragraph 4.3.6. These
adjustments have been factory set prior to shipping and should not require verification or re-
calibration unless unintentional adjustments have been made or a fault has occurred.
(a) Verify the initial turn-on requirements of paragraph 4.3.4 have been completed and are
being met.
4.3.5.1 Modulation Checks

Verify the RF output is appropriately modulated when audio is applied, as follows:
(a) Verify the J1000's RF output is connected to a 50 , resistive, 2,000 W dummy load.
(b) Connect a modulation monitor to the remote interface PWB's RF MONITOR connector
(J14).
(c) Set the J1000’s RF output power to 1,000 W.
(d) Verify an audio signal generator is connected between TB2-14 (+) and TB2-12 (-) on the
remote interface PWB and its output is pre-set to 1,000 Hz at zero output level (turned off).

(e) Increase the output level of the audio signal generator to +10 dBm.
NOTE
The AUDIO GAIN potentiometer (R23) on the remote interface PWB was factory set to provide
95% modulation when the audio input level is +10 dBm.
(f) Adjust the AUDIO GAIN potentiometer on the remote interface PWB for 95% modulation,
as indicated on the modulation monitor.
(g) Set the output level of the audio signal generator to zero (turned off).
(h) For dual exciter J1000s, select exciter B as the active exciter. Verify the modulation
monitor indicates 95% modulation.
(i) Turn off the RF power stage. Press the RF OFF switch, noting its integral lamp turns on
and the RF ON switch's lamp turns off.
(j) Disconnect the audio signal generator from TB2-14 (+) and TB2-12 (-) on the remote
interface PWB.
4.3.6 Non-Standard Adjustments

The following non-standard adjustments should only be done if an unintentional adjustment has
been made or a fault has occurred:
(a) Verify the initial turn-on requirements of paragraph 4.3.4 have been completed and are
being met.
4.3.6.1 RF Drive Symmetry

Measure the symmetry of the RF drive being applied from the active RF synthesizer PWB to
the RF power modules as follows:
(a) If an external RF drive source is used, adjust the RF drive source to obtain a symmetrical
square wave.
NOTE
If an external RF generator is producing the RF drive, verify its output waveform is
symmetrical. If necessary, make adjustments as directed in the RF generator’s maintenance
manual.
(b) Turn off the J1000.
(c) Connect an oscilloscope between C5 or C6 and ground on RF power module A’s power
amplifier (2A1A5) (see Figure 4-2).
(d) Turn on the J1000 and set RF output power to 50 W.
(e) The oscilloscope should indicate a symmetrical (50% duty cycle) square wave with a
nominal amplitude of 35 V peak-to-peak.
(f) Adjust the exciter interface PWB’s SYMM (A) potentiometer (R9) to obtain a 50% duty
cycle.

(g) Turn the J1000 off and disconnect the oscilloscope from RF power module A’s power
amplifier.
(h) Repeat steps (c) through (f) for RF power module B (2A2) by adjusting the exciter interface
PWB’s SYMM (B) potentiometer (R10).
Modulator (CR7 indicated) Power Amplifier(C5/C6 indicated)
Figure 4-2: RF Power Module (Left-Hand Side View)

4.3.6.2 Exciter Gain (Dual Exciter J1000s Only)
To equalize the PDM pulse train between exciters A and B so that no change in RF output level
occurs during exciter changeover, do the following:
(a) Select exciter A as the active exciter.
(b) Set the J1000’s RF output power to 1,000 W.
(c) Select exciter B as the active exciter.
(d) On exciter B’s interphase PDM driver PWB, adjust the GAIN TRIM potentiometer (R31)
until the RF output is 1,000 W.
4.3.6.3 Modulation Peak Limiting

Modulation peaks must be limited to reduce RF power amplifier stress current when the RF
output's modulation envelope contains low frequency (long duration), high amplitude peaks.
Verify the modulation peaks are limited as follows:
(a) Verify the requirements of paragraph 4.3.5.1 have been completed.
(b) Connect an oscilloscope between the remote interface PWB’s TP7 (see Figure 3-4) and
ground.
(c) Connect an audio signal generator, set to 30 Hz at zero output level (turned off), between
TB2-14 (+) and TB2-12 (–) on the remote interface PWB.
(e) Select exciter A and RF power level 1.
(f) Set the J1000’s RF output power level to 1,100 W.
(g) Monitor the oscilloscope indication and adjust the audio generator's output for 95%
modulation.
(h) Adjust remote interface PWB's SET THRESHOLD potentiometer (R45) until trailing edge
of each 30 Hz cycle is just being clipped, as depicted in Figure 4-3, and then adjust SET
THRESHOLD potentiometer for a setting that is on the edge of the clipping threshold (no
clipping of modulation envelope).
4.3.6.4 Audio Dump

If an interphase PDM driver PWB has been replaced, maximize the modulation linearity at high
trough modulation as follows:
(a) Select exciter (A or B) associated with the replaced interphase PDM driver PWB.
(b) Connect an oscilloscope between CR7-Cathode and ground on one of the RF power
module’s (2A1 or 2A2) modulator (A3) (see Figure 4-2).
(c) Connect an audio signal generator, set to 1000 Hz at zero output level (turned off),
between TB2-14 (+) and TB2-12 (–) on the remote interface PWB.

Monitor TP7, RF = 1100 W, 95% Mod (30 Hz)
Figure 4-3 RF Output with Positive Peak Limiting
(d) Connect a modulation monitor to the remote interface PWB's RF MONITOR connector
(J14).
(e) Set the RF output power to 1,000 W.
(f) Increase the output level of the audio signal generator until a modulation depth of 95% is
attained, as indicated on the modulation monitor. Oscilloscope indicated should be similar
to that depicted in Figure 4-4. Modulated RF waveform shown for comparative reference
only.
(g) On the replacement interphase PDM driver PWB, adjust the DUMP potentiometer (R59) for
best distortion on the oscilloscope indication. DO NOT adjust the DUMP potentiometer to
produce a wider pulse than that shown for CR7-Cathode in Figure 4-4.
NOTE
It may be beneficial to monitor the remote interface PWB’s RF MONITOR output (J14) with an
oscilloscope while performing the DUMP adjustment.
Monitor CR7-C, RF = 1000 W, 95% Mod (1000 Hz)

Figure 4-4 Modulated RF Output with Audio Dump Distortion Adjustment

4.3.6.5 Dc Current Cutback
Set the dc current alarm cutback threshold as follows:
(a) Verify the requirements of paragraph 4.3.5.1 have been completed.
(b) Connect an audio signal generator, set to 1000 Hz at zero output level (turned off),
between TB2-14 (+) and TB2-12 (–) on the remote interface PWB.
(c) Connect a modulation monitor to the remote interface PWB's RF MONITOR connector
(J14).
(d) Select exciter A and RF power level 1.
(e) Set the RF output power to 1,100 W.
(f) Increase the output level of the audio signal generator until a modulation depth of 95% is
attained, as indicated on the modulation monitor.
(g) From the Set Thresholds menu (see 3.6.9.2) on the front panel, adjust the DC Current
Cutback threshold until the transmitter’s RF output just cuts back.
(h) The events log should indicate a High DC Current alarm.
(i) Remove the modulating source and set the RF output to 0 W.

J1000
Section 5 SYSTEM LEVEL TROUBLESHOOTING
5.1 GENERAL
This section contains scheduled and corrective maintenance information for the J1000.
Analyze fault symptoms to determine the corrective action. Troubleshooting information (see
paragraph 5.5) is presented based on the exciter panel’s diagnostic information.
CAUTION
The J1000 contains many solid state devices that can be damaged if subjected to excessive
heat or high voltage transients. Ensure circuits are not overdriven or disconnected from their
loads while turned on.
5.2 SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE

Scheduled maintenance consists of performing a visual inspection of the J1000 at scheduled
intervals. The recommended minimum time between scheduled maintenance visits is three
months. Local operating and environmental conditions may dictate more frequent visits, while
in remote sites less frequent visits may be acceptable. Experience and system reliability will
determine the most practical schedule for a specific installation.
5.2.1 Cleaning the J1000

As a minimum, the following cleaning procedures should be done:
NOTE
A site located in a dirty area using open-air cooling requires more extensive cleaning than a
site located in a clean area using closed-air cooling.
 Air filters should be inspected and cleaned using soap and warm water. If the air filters
become damaged, they should be replaced as soon as possible. Spare air filters are
provided with every J1000.
 Clean the J1000 using a vacuum cleaner and a soft-bristle brush to remove loose dirt.
Clean, damp rags should be used to remove dirt that cannot be vacuumed. Never use
compressed air to clean the J1000.
5.2.2 Checking Hardware

All hardware must be checked at least once a year. Thermal cycling from turning the J1000
on and off will require more frequent checks.
 Ensure the proper sized tools are used to prevent damaging the hardware. In most cases,
hardware is metric.
 A mounting surface or terminal that has changed colour indicates a loose hardware
connection.
 Multi-stranded cables installed on terminal strips must be re-torqued.

Section 5 System Level Troubleshooting Issue 5.0
5.2.3 Battery Replacement
The J1000's controller/display PWB contains a battery backup circuit that provides a memory
of alarm occurrences during ac power failure. The battery should be replaced at least once a
year or whenever the diagnostic display on the exciter/control assembly’s front panel
indicates a ‘low battery’ message.
5.3 CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

Corrective maintenance procedures consist of identifying and correcting defects or deficiencies
that arise during operation of the J1000. Local/remote alarm signals are generated when a
malfunction occurs. If the alarm condition is caused by a malfunction in the RF power stage,
the integral modular reserve (IMR) feature will maintain operation at a reduced RF output level.
The nature of the fault and station policy will dictate whether an immediate maintenance
response is necessary. Fault analysis and rectification may be conducted on three different
levels, with each level requiring a different level of technical competence.
5.3.1 On-Air Troubleshooting

On-air troubleshooting can be performed from a remote location or at the J1000 site.
5.3.1.1 Remote Troubleshooting

Remote on-air troubleshooting consists of monitoring the J1000's radiated signal using an on-
air monitor and observing the status of remote fault alarm indicators. The information obtained
from these sources should enable an operator to decide if a response may be deferred to a
more convenient time, if immediate corrective action must be taken, and/or whether the
standby transmitter must be enabled (if one is available). Nautel recommends that the
significance of remote indications and the appropriate responses be incorporated into a
station's standard operating procedures. Refer to paragraph 5.5 to determine the remedial
action required for a given fault.
5.3.1.2 Local Troubleshooting

Local on-air troubleshooting consists of monitoring the J1000's diagnostic display and fault
alarm indicators. The status of the alarm indicator will normally identify the type of fault and in
most cases will determine what corrective action is required. Refer to paragraph 5.5 to
determine the remedial action required for a given fault.
5.3.2 Off-Air Troubleshooting

Off-air troubleshooting must be performed when replacement of a defective RF power module
or routine on-air calibration adjustments will not restore operation. For off-air troubleshooting
procedures, Nautel recommends the output be connected to a precision 50 , resistive
dummy load (rated at a minimum of 2,000 W). If an appropriate dummy load is not available,
troubleshooting for a majority of faults can be performed with the power amplifier stage turned
off. The J1000 may remain connected to its antenna for these procedures. When it is
necessary to troubleshoot faults in the power amplifier stage, the RF output level should be
reduced to a minimal value when the RF output is connected to the antenna.

Issue 5.0 Section 5 System Level Troubleshooting
5.3.2.1 The power amplifier stage contains an integral modular reserve (IMR) feature. This
feature permits the J1000 to operate at a reduced RF output level when a malfunction occurs in
one of its RF power modules. Station operating procedures will dictate if the reduced RF output
level is acceptable. When the reduced RF output level can be tolerated, replacement of the
defective module may be deferred to a more convenient time. A defective module may be
removed off-air for servicing, allowing the J1000 to resume operation at a reduced RF output
level provided the instructions detailed in paragraph 5.5 are met. Refer to paragraph 5.7 for RF
power module replacement instructions.
NOTE
The J1000 Repair Manual, also provided with the J1000, provides component level
troubleshooting information that may assist the maintainer in performing off-air maintenance.
5.4 ELECTROSTATIC PROTECTION

The J1000's assemblies contain semiconductor devices that are susceptible to damage from
electrostatic discharge. Prior to removing an assembly from the J1000, and while servicing an
assembly, the following precautions must be observed:
NOTE
Electrostatic energy is produced when two insulating materials are rubbed together. A person
wearing rubber-soled shoes walking across a nylon carpet or a waxed floor can generate an
extremely large electrostatic charge. This effect is magnified during periods of low humidity.
This high voltage may damage components such as integrated circuits, field-effect transistors,
thyristors, and Schottky diodes unless adequate precautions are taken.
5.4.1 Discharging of Personnel

Personnel should be electrically discharged by a suitable grounding system (anti-static mats,
grounding straps) when removing an assembly from the J1000 and while handling the
assembly for maintenance procedures.
5.4.2 Handling/Storage
An assembly should be placed in an anti-static bag when it is not installed in the J1000 or when
it is not being subjected to maintenance procedures. Electronic components should be stored
in anti-static materials.
5.4.3 Tools/Test Equipment

Testing and maintenance equipment, including soldering (for example: Irons with grounded
tips) and unsoldering tools, should be suitable for contact with static sensitive semiconductor
devices.
5.4.4 Stress Current Protection

The following will help protect static sensitive semiconductor devices from unnecessary stress
current:
 Ensure electrical connections are not broken while current is flowing in the circuit.
 Ensure voltages are not present on external control/monitoring circuits when they are
connected.

5.5 TROUBLESHOOTING FRONT PANEL ALARMS
Front panel fault analysis can be performed from the exciter panel. There are several ways to
use the front panel to determine the occurrence and origin of a fault:
 The system diagram is a flow diagram that indicates the operational status of various
sections of the J1000. A lamp that is turned off indicates a section of the J1000 is
operational. When a lamp turns on (red), a fault has occurred.
 The diagnostic display’s main screen has real-time meter indications (e.g., forward power)
to assist in fault analysis.
 The diagnostic display’s main screen indicates when a fault has occurred. Status will be
displayed above the centre soft key. Press the Status soft key to display all active faults.
 The diagnostic display’s Events Log (see paragraph 3.6.6) provides a chronological list of
faults/events as well as root cause information to assist in fault diagnosis.
NOTE
It is important to consider both the real-time and the logged information when
troubleshooting. Displayed active faults may or may not be the root cause of the problem.
The Events Log displays the root cause of an event (i.e., the first fault detected), which may
have been transient, but resulted in other faults that remain active. It also displays the status
of certain parameters at the time of the event.
(a) Determine the origin of the fault by noting which of the system diagram lamps is on. If no
system diagram lamp is on, proceed to step (c) for non-alarm troubleshooting tips.
NOTE
In dual exciter J1000s, some faults will also initiate a Changeover alarm. In this case, a
reduction in J1000 RF output power does not occur and troubleshooting (and subsequent
repair) may be deferred to a more convenient time.
NOTE
The troubleshooting procedures in this manual are limited to module level checks and
assembly replacement. Information pertaining to detailed component level troubleshooting is
included in the J1000 Repair Manual.
(b) A flashing system diagram lamp indicates the J1000 is in a cutback mode of operation. A
reduction in RF output power should also occur.
NOTE
There are three cutback modes for the J1000. A cutback which forces a reduction in RF output
power occurs when three or more RF shutbacks (normally caused by high reflected power or
high RF current) have occurred within a three second period. The severity of the cause of the
shutback will determine the amount of cutback applied to the RF output level.
(c) From the diagnostic display’s main screen, press the Status button. Note the alarm
indication(s) and refer to Table 5-1 for troubleshooting tips, which may also reference
replacement and subsequent re-calibration procedures.

(d) The diagnostic display will indicate the Current Active Faults and more specifically
identify the nature of the fault.
e.g., RF Osc Fail
(e) Attempt to clear the alarm by activating the Reset command (see paragraph 3.6.3). If the
alarm persists, it will not be cleared from the display.
(f) If a Reset command does not clear the alarm, you may need to “zero” the transmitter’s
power as described in paragraph 5.5.1. This is most common for a PDM Latch A or B fault,
but may also clear other alarms. Refer to the Troubleshooting Action column in Table 5-1
for a given alarm to determine whether a “zero” is required.
(g) In the example given in step (d), an RF oscillator failure has occurred indicating a
problem with the RF synthesizer PWB. For this alarm, (1) attempt to reset the alarm as in
step (e); (2) attempt to zero the alarm as in 5.5.1, and (3) replace the suspect PWB as
detailed in paragraph 5.9.1.1.
NOTE
For dual exciter J1000s, a changeover to the reserve exciter should also occur. Determine
which exciter caused the fault, noting it is the opposite exciter to that displayed on the
transmitter status bar at the top of the diagnostic display.
Viewing the diagnostic display’s Events Log (see paragraph 3.6.6) can also assist in
diagnosing a fault.
(h) Other Current Active Fault indications may prompt the troubleshooter to replace other
PWBs or RF power modules (e.g., PA Fail A indicates a fault has occurred in RF power
module A).
NOTE
Replacement procedures (paragraphs 5.8 and 5.9) are provided for RF power modules and
PWBs that require specific removal/installation or adjustment instructions. Instructions have
not been included for assemblies that are straightforward to replace and require no re-
calibration.
(i) If replacement of a suspect PWB or RF power module does not remove the fault
condition, contact Nautel.

5.5.1 Zeroing Power to Attempt an Alarm Reset
When directed by the Troubleshooting Action in Table 5-1, attempt to reset an alarm by
zeroing the transmitter power as follows:
(a) Set the J1000 for local control and manual mode (no automatic preset scheduler).
(b) The diagnostic display should show Menu on the bottom left and Power on the bottom
right.
1 4: 55 :2 7 Po wer :1 00 3W M an 3 E xc it A M an
F wd Po we r: 1 003 W
0 5 00 1200
R ef ld Po we r: 25. 0W
0 1 00 2 00
V SW R: 1 .05 :1
1 1 .5 0 2 . 00
Me nu St at us P ow er
(c) Press the Power button to display Back on the bottom right.
14 :5 5: 15 P o w e r : 1 0 0 3 W Ma n 3 E x c it A Ma n
F wd P ow er : 10 03 W Re fl d Pow er : 25W
V SW R: 1. 02
Pw r M od e: M anu al Av g B+ Vo lt : 3 50V
P w r Le ve l: 3 T ot D C C ur : 3. 11A
N ex t Ba ck
(d) Press and hold the  and  push buttons simultaneously for five (5) seconds. Release
the buttons and then press the bottom right button again to make sure Power is displayed.
(e) Check for the Status message in the bottom middle of the display. If Status is displayed,
press the Status button to view the Currently Active Faults.
14:55:27 Power:1003W Man 3 Excit A Man 14:55:15 Power: 1003W Man 3 Excit A Man
Fwd Power: 1003 W Currently Active Faults::
0 500 1200
Low AC Voltage
Refld Power: 25.0W
0 100 200
VSWR: 1.05:1
1 1.50 2.00
Menu Status Power Reset Back

(f) Press the Reset button. If the fault has cleared, there should be no text displayed in the
bottom middle.
(g) Press the Power button to display Back on the bottom right.
(h) Attempt to restore transmitter power by pressing the  (increase) button. If the alarm was
a false condition, power will increase normally. If the cause of the alarm persists, power
may not increase normally or the Status message will continue to display. Refer to the
Troubleshooting Action column in Table 5-1 for a particular alarm to determine the next
step (typically a PWB or module replacement).
Example: For a PDM Latch A or B alarm, if the Average B+ Volts increases from 150 V to
245 V while increasing the power, suspect a power module failure.

Table 5-1: Troubleshooting and Replacement Tips
Status System
Troubleshooting Action
Message Diagram LED
Auto Changeover Indicates the transmitter has switched to the standby RF synthesizer and
Changeover interphase PDM driver in the exciter/control assembly (Unit 1). Check for
accompanying alarms to determine the cause of the changeover.
Cutback Level 1 Output Indicates the RF power has been cut back (reduced) due to multiple
to 8 Network shutback events. There are eight (8) steps (or cutback levels) in the
cutback routine. If three consecutive shutbacks occur within a three
second period, the transmitter enters the next highest cutback level (1-8).
The RF output will be cut back (reduced) until the shutback events are
no longer occurring, at which point the transmitter will increase the RF
output power until normal operating power is achieved.
During a cutback, the System Diagram’s Output Network alarm lamp

blinks and the Diagnostic Display indicates the cutback level (1-8).
See paragraph 2.6.2 of the Repair Manual for a detailed description of

the cutback circuitry.
Ext. Interlock External Alarm Indicates an external interlock circuit is open. Check the integrity of the
Open external circuitry connected between terminals TB2-15 and TB2-16 of
the remote interface PWB (1A2).
See paragraph 2.1.20 for more information on the external interlock

circuit.
Ext. PDM Inhibit External Alarm Indicates the external PDM inhibit circuit is closed. Check the integrity
of the circuitry connected to terminal TB2-17 of the remote interface
PWB (1A2).
See paragraph 2.1.22 and 2.1.22.1 for more information on the external
PDM inhibit circuit.
Fan Fail P/S A Power Supply Indicates a fan failure has occurred in power module A or B. Replace
or B the power module fan [module A (2A1) or module B (2A2)], if necessary
(see paragraph 5.12).
High DC Power Supply Indicates the dc current has exceeded its factory set threshold. Check
Current for excessive modulation at the audio source. Check and, if necessary,
adjust the dc current cutback threshold (see paragraph 4.3.6.5 of this
manual). If the alarm persists, replace the associated power module
[module A (2A1) or module B (2A2)] (see paragraph 5.8).

Table 5-1: Troubleshooting and Replacement Tips (Continued)
Status System
Message Diagram LED
High RF Output Network Indicates the transmitter's RF output has shut back (turned off) due
Current to the RF current exceeding a threshold that represents the
maximum stress current for the RF power modules.
Verify the transmitter is not exceeding its rated power level, and the
correct impedance is being presented to the transmitter. Verify
antenna current calibration and replace the RF current probe (2A3)
if required.
See paragraph 2.5.3 of the Repair Manual for a detailed description

of the RF current probe circuitry and see paragraph 5.11 for an RF
current probe replacement procedure.
Low AC AC Mains Indicates the ac input voltage is less than 170 V ac.
Voltage
Low Backup Exciter Indicates the backup battery voltage has fallen below the
Battery acceptable level to maintain settings through an ac power loss
event. Replace the battery (BT1) on the controller/display PWB
(1A1), while the transmitter is powered.
See paragraphs 3.6.14 and 5.2.3 of this manual for more

information on the backup battery.
Low Volt PS Low Voltage Indicates at least one of the low voltage power supply voltages
A or B Power Supply measures outside of tolerance. Replace the LVPS buck converter
PWB (1A9) (see paragraph 5.9.4). Note that side B is not installed
in the J1000.
See paragraph 2.3.5.3 of the Repair Manual for a detailed

description of the LVPS failure detection circuit.
Mod. Mod/PA Indicates the external audio signal’s average value has exceeded
Protection the pre-defined threshold. The circuit is designed to protect against
instantaneous modulation that exceeds the levels seen with 30 Hz
at 100% modulation, or against continuous modulation that exceeds
100% tone at any frequency.
See paragraphs 2.6.3.6 and 2.6.3.7 of the Repair Manual for

detailed descriptions of these circuits.
PDM Drive Exciter Indicates the PDM duty cycle does not correspond with the
Fail expected value given the B+ voltage and carrier reference. Verify
the Duty Cycle and Transmitter Power calibration in the Max Allow
Output Gain menu. If the values are correct, replace the interphase
PDM driver PWB [side A (1A5) or side B (1A7)] (see paragraph
5.9.1.2).

Table 5-1: Troubleshooting and Replacement Tips (Continued)
Status System
Message Diagram LED
PDM Latch A or Exciter Indicates the PDM latch circuit tripped due to the PDM duty cycle
B being very high for an excessive period of time. There are various
possible causes of this alarm that all affect the output power level,
including an increase in modulation, a decrease in ac input voltage/
B+ voltage which triggers the B+ compensation circuit, or a lightning
strike. Attempt to clear the alarm by activating the Reset command
(see paragraph 3.6.3). Attempt to clear the alarm by zeroing the output
power (see 5.5.1). If the alarm persists, suspect a defective RF power
module [module A (2A1) or module B (2A2)] (see paragraphs 5.7 and
5.8). If the alarm persists, replace the associated interface PDM
driver PWB [side A (1A5) or side B (1A7)] (see paragraph 5.9.1.2).
See paragraph 2.3.3.7 of the Repair Manual for a detailed description

of the shutback latch circuit.
Power Module Mod/PA Indicates power module A or B has turned off due to a fault. RF
A or B Fail output power will be reduced. Check for other status message alarms
and replace the associated power module [module A (2A1) or module
B (2A2)], if required (see paragraphs 5.7 and 5.8).
See paragraph 2.4.1 of the Repair Manual for a detailed description

of the RF power modules.
RF Oscillator Exciter Indicates there is a problem with the RF synthesizer PWB and the RF
Fail drive (C) signal is not present. Attempt to clear the alarm by
activating the Reset command (see 3.6.3). Attempt to clear the alarm
by zeroing the output power (see 5.5.1). If the alarm persists, replace
the RF synthesizer PWB [side A (1A4) or side B (1A6)] (see
paragraph 5.9.1.1 of this manual).
See paragraph 2.3.1.2 of the Repair Manual for a description of the

RF monitor circuit.
Shutback A or B Exciter Indicates side A or side B has been inhibited due to one of the
transmitter's critical thresholds being exceeded. This status message
is normally accompanied by another status message alarm. Check
the description for the accompanying alarm to determine the cause of
the shutback and the appropriate troubleshooting action.
SWR Shutback Output Network Indicates the RF output has been momentarily disabled due to high
reflected power. The RF power will automatically try to recover to its
previous level. If three or more SWR shutbacks occur within a three
second period, the transmitter enters into cutback mode and the
output power is reduced to maintain an acceptable RF current level.
Check the RF path between the transmitter’s RF output and the
antenna system.
See paragraph 2.6.2.2.3 of the Repair Manual for a detailed

description of the RF current monitor circuit.

P106 P104
P02 P01
AC
IND
lamps
W100P3 W100P2
RETAINING
SCREWS
Figure 5-1: Partial Rear View of J1000 (showing RF Power Modules)
5.6 OPERATING WITH DEFECTIVE OR MISSING RF POWER MODULE

It is permissible to operate the J1000 with a defective or missing RF power module.
CAUTION
Do not attempt to compensate for an RF power reduction caused by an RF power module
failure by adjusting RF power level. With only one operational RF power module, maximum
RF output power is limited to 250 W.
(a) Verify the reject load is installed and its coaxial cable (Nautel Part # 197-8011-01) is
connected between J1 of the reject load and REJECT LOAD connector J2 at the rear of
the J1000.
WARNING
While operating with one RF power module, the temperature in the reject load may
become excessive. Ensure a minimum clearance of 12 inches (305 mm) is maintained
on all sides of the reject load.

5.7 RF POWER MODULE FAULT ISOLATION
The following steps will determine if an RF power module is defective and which RF power
module(s) caused the alarm condition:
NOTE
A defective RF power module can be removed off-air for repair as described in paragraph 5.8.
After removing the RF power module, the J1000 can resume operation at a reduced output
power level provided the requirements of paragraph 5.6 are met.
(a) Verify the Mod/PA lamp on the exciter front panel’s system diagram is turned on. A
reduction in the forward power should also be detected.
(b) Using the diagnostic display, perform a Module Check (see paragraph 3.6.11) to
determine which RF power module (A or B) is Inhibited, noting RF power module A is on
the right-hand side (as viewed from the rear) and RF power module B is on the left-hand
side. See Figure 5-1.
(c) Check the RF power module’s associated ac power fuse (F1 for RF power module A or F2
for RF power module B). Replace, if necessary.
5.8 REPLACING AN RF POWER MODULE

Replace a defective RF power module as follows:
CAUTION
RF power modules contain solid-state devices that can be damaged if subjected to excessive
heat or high voltage transients. Ensure circuits are not overdriven or disconnected from their
loads while turned on.
5.8.1 RF Power Module Removal

Remove a defective RF power module from the J1000 as follows:
(a) Verify the requirements of paragraph 5.7 have been completed.
(b) Turn the J1000 and its ac power source off.
CAUTION
Do not disconnect the J1000’s ac input connector to remove the ac power source.
Capacitance in the switch mode power supply will cause arcing in the connector.
WARNING
Do not remove connectors from the RF power modules before the ac source voltage has
been switched off. Ensure the AC IND lamp on the module(s) being removed is OFF (see
Figure 5-1) before removing the module. If not, potentially lethal voltages may be
present.
(c) Disconnect the 3-pin ac power connector (P01 for RF power module A, P02 for RF power
module B) from J3 of the RF power module’s forward converter PWB (A1).
(d) Disconnect the module’s 2-pin RF output connector (1P1 for module A, 2P1 for module B)
from the top of the RF filter section (J4 for module A, J5 for module B).

(e) Disconnect the 20-pin ribbon cable connector (W100P2 for RF power module A, W100P3
for RF power module B) from J1 of the RF power module’s forward converter PWB (A1).
(f) Disconnect the 15-pin D-type connector (P104 for RF power module A, P106 for RF power
module B) from J3 of the RF power module’s interface PWB (A2).
(g) Loosen the retaining screw (see Figure 5-1) at the bottom of the RF power module and
carefully slide the RF power module out of the J1000.
NOTE
If an operational RF power module is available, it may be installed in the J1000 while the
defective power module is being serviced. Refer to paragraph 5.8.2 to install an RF power
module. Refer to the J1000 Repair Manual to troubleshoot and/or repair a defective RF power
module.
5.8.2 RF Power Module Installation

Install an operational RF power module in the J1000 as follows:
(a) Lift the operational RF power module into the J1000. Ensure the RF power module is
pushed firmly in place.
(b) Gently tighten the spring-loaded screw located at the bottom, front of the RF power
module. Do not over tighten this screw; it only needs to be finger-tight.
(c) Connect the 15-pin D-type connector (P104 for RF power module A, P106 for RF power
module B) to J3 of the RF power module’s interface PWB (A2).
(d) Connect the 20-pin ribbon cable connector (W100P2 for RF power module A, W100P3 for
RF power module B) to J1 of the RF power module’s forward converter PWB (A1).
(e) Connect the 3-pin ac power connector (P01 for RF power module A, P02 for RF power
module B) to J3 of the RF power module’s forward converter PWB (A1).
(f) Connect the module’s 2-pin RF output connector (1P1 for module A, 2P1 for module B) to
the top of the RF filter section (J4 for module A, J5 for module B).
(g) Turn the J1000 and its ac power source on.
(h) Verify the Mod/PA lamp on the exciter front panel’s system diagram is off. The J1000
should resume operation at the desired operating level.

5.9 EXCITER/CONTROL ASSEMBLY PWB REPLACEMENT
Remove the exciter/control assembly (Unit 1) from the J1000, replace defective printed wiring
boards (PWB), and perform necessary adjustments as follows:
(a) Press the Control - RF OFF switch. Turn the ac power off at the ac service entrance.
(b) Gain access to the exciter/control assembly (Unit 1) by removing it from the J1000, noting
is secured by 4 front panel screws and is installed on extendable slides.
(c) With the exciter/control assembly fully extended, remove its top and bottom covers to gain
access to interconnecting cables.
(d) On the top of the assembly, remove connectors P101 and W100P1 from the
controller/display PWB (1A1).
(e) On the top of the assembly, remove connectors P103 and P105 from the exciter interface
PWB (1A3).
(f) Remove any external cables that may be connected to J2 of the RF synthesizer PWB(s).
(g) Remove external control/monitor wiring and the ac input connector.
(h) Remove the connectors/wiring from steps (d) through (f) from the exciter/ control assembly
through the access hole in the rear.
(i) Remove the exciter/control assembly from its slides and the J1000 and place it on a
suitable work surface.
(j) Refer to paragraph 5.9.1 through 5.9.4 for replacement instructions for exciter/control
assembly PWBs or the power supply.
5.9.1 Exciter Interface PWB and Interconnecting PWB Replacement

The exciter interface PWB (1A3) physically interconnects with the RF synthesizer PWBs (1A4
and, for dual exciter J1000s, 1A6) and the interphase PDM driver PWBs (1A5 and, for dual
exciter J1000s, 1A7). Removing the exciter interface PWB involves removing the
interconnecting PWBs first. Complete the instructions in the sub-paragraphs (5.9.1.1, 5.9.1.2,
and/or 5.9.1.3) to replace the appropriate PWB, noting all three paragraphs must be completed
to replace the exciter interface PWB.

5.9.1.1 RF Synthesizer PWB Removal/ Replacement
(a) Remove and retain 6 sets of mounting hardware for the RF synthesizer PWB being
replaced (1A4 or, for dual exciter J1000s, 1A6). If the exciter interface PWB is to be
removed (as in paragraph 5.9.1.3), remove both RF synthesizer PWBs, if applicable, and
skip steps (c) through (h).
(b) Pull the PWB(s) away from the exciter interface PWB (1A3). It may be helpful to gently pry
the connector loose with a screwdriver.
(c) Install the new RF synthesizer PWB (Nautel Part # NAPE70F/01) by reversing steps (a)
and (b).
(d) Re-install the exciter/control assembly in the J1000 by reversing the steps in paragraph
5.9. Leave the top cover off until testing and adjustment is complete.
(e) Ensure all shorting jumpers on the replacement PWB are installed in the same position as
the replaced PWB.
(f) Verify the carrier frequency has been properly selected using binary coded decimal (BCD)
switches S1 through S5. Each BCD switch represents one of the five most significant
digits in the carrier frequency expressed in kHz as follows (see Figure 3-5 for an
example):
- S1 is thousands digit (x1000)

- S2 is hundreds digit (x100)
- S3 is tens digit (x10)
- S4 is units digit (x1)
- S5 is the tenths digit (x0.1)
NOTE
When a frequency synthesizer PWB configured to operate from an external RF drive source
is installed in a J1000, its frequency synthesizer must be operational and its BCD switches
must be set to produce the assigned carrier frequency. The synthesizer's output is used to
obtain the 2(PDM) output which ultimately determines the J1000’s pulse duration modulation
frequency (PDM).
(g) Perform the RF drive symmetry testing and adjustment procedure described in
paragraph 4.3.6.1.
(h) Replace the exciter/control assembly’s top cover.

5.9.1.2 Interphase PDM Driver PWB Removal/Replacement
(a) Remove and retain four sets of mounting hardware for the interphase PDM driver PWB
being replaced (1A5 or, for dual exciter J1000s, 1A7). If the exciter interface PWB is to be
removed (as in paragraph 5.9.1.3), remove both interphase PDM driver PWBs, if
applicable, and skip steps (c) through (e).
(b) Pull the PWB(s) away from the exciter interface PWB (1A3). It may be helpful to gently pry
the connector loose with a screwdriver.
(c) Install the new interphase PDM driver PWB (Nautel Part # NAPM10B) by reversing steps
(a) and (b).
(d) Re-install the exciter/control assembly by reversing the steps in paragraph 5.9. Leave the
top cover off until testing and adjustment is complete.
(e) Perform the exciter gain (paragraph 4.3.6.2, for dual exciter J1000s), and audio dump
(paragraph 4.3.6.4) testing and adjustment procedures described in Section 4.
5.9.1.3 Exciter Interface PWB Removal/ Replacement
(a) Remove ribbon cable connectors W2P2, W3P2, W4P2, and W5P1 from the exciter
interface PWB.
(b) Remove and retain 11 sets of mounting hardware for the exciter interface PWB. Remove
the PWB.
(c) Install the new exciter interface PWB (Nautel Part # NAPI87A/01). Re-install ribbon cable
connectors W2P2, W3P2, W4P2, and W5P1.
(d) Re-install the RF synthesizer PWB(s) and interphase PDM driver PWB(s) removed in
paragraphs 5.9.1.1 and 5.9.1.2.
(e) Re-install the exciter/control assembly by reversing the steps in paragraph 5.9. Leave the
top cover off until testing and adjustment is complete.
(f) Perform the RF drive symmetry testing and adjustment procedure described in
paragraph 4.3.6.1.

5.9.2 Remote Interface PWB Replacement
Replace a defective remote interface PWB (1A2) as follows:
(a) Remove ribbon cable connectors W1P1 and W5P2 from the remote interface PWB from
inside the exciter/control assembly.
(b) Remove all external connections to the remote interface PWB on the rear of the
excite/control assembly.
(c) Remove and retain seven sets of mounting hardware for the remote interface PWB.
Remove the PWB.
(d) Install the new remote interface PWB (Nautel Part # NAPI85/01A) and re-install the
connectors removed in steps (a) and (b).
(e) Ensure all shorting jumpers on the replacement PWB are installed in the same position as
the replaced PWB.
(f) Re-install the exciter/control assembly in the J1000 by reversing the steps in paragraph
5.9. Leave the top cover off until testing and adjustment is complete.
(g) Set the AUDIO FILTER switch (S1) as detailed in the paragraph 2.3.17.
(h) Perform the modulation checks (paragraph 4.3.5.1) and modulation peak limiting
(paragraph 4.3.6.3) testing and adjustment procedures described in Section 4.
5.9.3 Power Supply Replacement

Replace a defective power supply (1A8) as follows:
(a) On the bottom of the assembly, remove connectors P1 and P4 from the power supply
(1A8).
(b) Remove and retain four sets of mounting hardware.
(c) Install the new power supply (Nautel Part # UG29) by reversing steps (a) and (b).
5.9.4 LVPS Buck Converter PWB Replacement

Replace a defective LVPS buck converter PWB (1A9) as follows:
(a) On the bottom of the assembly, remove connectors P5, W4P1 and quick-disconnects P2
and P3 from the LVPS buck converter PWB (1A9).
(b) Remove and retain four sets of mounting hardware.
(c) Install the new LVPS buck converter PWB (Nautel Part # NAPS32A/02) by reversing steps
(a) and (b).

5.10 COOLING FAN REPLACEMENT
When cooling fan B1 or B2 of the exciter/control assembly is found to be defective, remove it
and replace it with a functional fan as follows:
NOTE
A spare cooling fan (Nautel Part # 197-5021) is provided in the spares kit, if purchased.
(a) Turn off (disable and lock out) the ac power source.
(b) Remove necessary connections in order to gain access to the bottom of the exciter/control
assembly (see paragraph 5.9).
(c) Disconnect the defective fan’s plug (B1P1 or B2P1) from P6 or P7.
(d) Remove the fan bracket from the exciter/control assembly, noting it is secured using two
M4 screws. Retain hardware.
(e) Remove fan B1 or B2 from the fan bracket noting it is secured using four M4 screws.
Retain hardware.
(f) Install replacement fan using M4 hardware from step (e) and re-install the fan bracket using
M4 hardware from step (d).
(g) Connect plug B1P1 or B2P1 to J6 or J7.
(h) Return the J1000 to service.
B1
B2
Figure 5-2: Removing Cooling Fans from Exciter/Control Assembly

5.11 FORWARD/REFLECTED POWER PROBE PWB REPLACEMENT
Replace a defective forward/reflected power probe PWB (2A4) as follows:
(a) Press the Control - RF OFF switch. Turn the ac power off at the ac service entrance.
CAUTION
Do not disconnect the J1000’s ac input connector to remove the ac power source.
Capacitance in the switch mode power supply will cause arcing in the connector.
(b) Remove the bottom cover of the RF power assembly (Unit 2) to gain access to the
forward/reflected power probe PWB (2A4).
(c) On the bottom of the RF power assembly, remove connector P04 from the
forward/reflected power probe PWB.
(d) On the bottom of the RF power assembly, remove wires connecting to E1, E2, E3, E4 and
TB1-4 of the forward/reflected power probe PWB.
(e) Remove the external cable P100 connected to the forward/reflected power probe PWB on
the rear of the RF power assembly.
(f) Remove and retain six sets of mounting hardware.
(g) Install the new forward/reflected power probe by reversing steps (b) through (f).
5.12 POWER MODULE FAN REPLACEMENT

Replace a defective power module fan [(module A (2A1) or module B (2A2)] as follows:
(a) Perform paragraph 5.8.1 to remove the associated power module from the RF power
assembly (Unit 2).
(b) Remove quick-disconnects P4, P5 and P6 from the forward converter PWB (A1) on the
rear of the power module.
(c) Remove and retain four sets of mounting hardware securing the fan to the rear of the
power module.
(d) Install the new fan (Nautel Part # 197-5022) by reversing steps (a) through (c).

APPENDIX A
SITE EVALUATION CHECKLIST
The following checklist should be used to evaluate a solid state transmitter site.
YES = 
1 Is there a ball gap at the antenna base? 
2 Is the diameter of the spark ball spheres a minimum of 37.5 mm? 
3 Is the spark ball’s surface free of arcing/pitting? 
4 Is the spark ball’s air gap set properly? 
5 Was the site’s altitude considered when establishing spark ball’s air gap? 
6 Are a minimum of four ground rods installed at the antenna? 
7 Is there a static drain choke at antenna? 
8 Is there a dc blocking capacitor between antenna and transmitter? 
9 Is the RF feed coaxial cable buried under the antenna radials? 
10 Do the ac power wiring and RF feed cable enter the building at the same point? 
11 Are a minimum of four ground rods installed as the station reference ground? 
12 Is a single common point used as the connection to the station reference ground? 
13 Is the RF feed cable’s outer conductor connected to the common point ground? 
14 Are shunt type “movistor” line suppressors installed? 
15 Are the “movistors” installed where the ac power wiring enters the building? 
16 Are the “movistors” grounded to the common point ground? 
17 Is a shielded, isolation transformer used to interface the ac power source? 
18 Is the transformer grounded to the common point ground? 
19 Are all connections to the common point ground short, low inductance straps? 
20 Is a series type line transient suppressor installed? 
21 Is a line transient suppressor installed at the ac power entrance? 
22 Is the transmitter building shielded? 
23 Do all electrical wires pass through ferrite toroids before they enter the transmitter? 
24 Does RF feed cables pass through a ferrite toroid before it enters the transmitter? 
25 Is this the only transmitter radiating at a given time? 
26 Is an ac power EMI filter installed? 

Appendix A Page A-1
SITE EVALUATION CHECKLIST (Continued)
27 Has the antenna and transmission line system been carefully inspected? 
28 Has the antenna and transmission line system been ‘hipot’ tested? 
29 Is an adequate cooling system in place? 
30 Is the cooling system a closed loop, air to chilled fluid system? 
31 Has adequate air flow been provided? 
32 Is the air flow direction correct? 
33 Is intake air adequately separated from exhaust air, to avoid thermal runaway? 
34 Are air filters provided? 
35 Are the air filters clean? 
36 Are impedances of antenna system and transmitter’s RF output matched? 
37 Is a dummy load (rated at twice the transmitter’s rated carrier level) on-site? 
38 Are impedances of dummy load and transmitter’ RF output matched? 
39 Does the site have an adequately equipped repair area with proper tools? 
40 Has electrostatic discharge (ESD) been considered in the work area? 
41 Does the site have adequate test equipment? 
42 Are trained technical staff on site to maintain the equipment? 
43 Have the technical staff attended a Nautel training session? 
44 Is a record log book available to note the faults experienced? 
45 Are Nautel Installation/Operation and Repair manuals in evidence at the site? 
RESULTS (Quantity of Yes’s) _____

Page A-2 Appendix A
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
TERM DESCRIPTION
ac Alternating current
AM Amplitude modulation
HD-R Refers to any mode of HD Radio TM
dBm Decibel reference 1 milliwatt
dc Direct current
EIA Electronic Industries Alliance
FM Frequency modulation
GUI Graphic user interface. Referred to as diagnostic display throughout the manual
Hz Hertz
Integral Modular Identical modules operating in an overall system design such that failure
Reserve (IMR) of individual modules results in a power reduction only and not a complete
system shutdown.
IPM Incidental phase modulation
Modular Redundancy Identical modules operating in an overall system design such that failure
of one module does not affect the output of the system.
PDM Pulse duration modulation.
PWB Printed wiring board (also known as printed circuit board)
RF Radio frequency
V ac Volts ac
VSWR Voltage standing wave ratio
HD Radio TM is a trademark of iBiquity Digital Corporation.

Glossary of Terms Page 1

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J1000

Installation and Operation Manual

Issue 5.0 ................................... 10 May 2016

U.S. customers please contact:

 Copyright 2016 NAUTEL. All rights reserved.

a. when the equipment is operated within the design parameters, and

8. Nautel does not warrant that software:

a. is free or errors, bugs or defects;

J1000 Installation and Operation Manual Issue 5.0

Customer Service Notice

Nautel Limited Nautel Inc.

24 Hour Answering Service (902) 823-3900 Toll Free (877) 662-8837

Issue 5.0 J1000 Installation and Operation Manual

MODULE EXCHANGE SERVICE

EQUIPMENT BEING RETURNED TO NAUTEL

The following information should accompany each request:

* Denotes minimum information required to order spare/replacement parts

J1000 Installation and Operation Manual Issue 5.0

DANGER – HIGH VOLTAGE

Indicates dangerous voltages (in excess of 72 volts), capable of causing a fatal

GROUND (PROTECTIVE or SAFETY)

WARNING A WARNING denotes a hazard. It identifies an operating procedure or condition

CAUTION A CAUTION denotes a hazard. It identifies an operating procedure or condition

NOTE A NOTE denotes important information pertaining to an operating procedure,

J1000 Installation and Operation Manual Issue 5.0

Toxic Hazard Warning

Issue 5.0 J1000 Installation and Operation Manual

1.1 INTRODUCTION 1-1

2 PREPARATION FOR USE AND INSTALLATION 2-1

2.1 PREPARATION FOR USE 2-1

J1000 Installation and Operation Manual May 10.16

J1000 Installation and Operation Manual May 10.16

3 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 3-1

3.1 INTRODUCTION 3-1

J1000 Installation and Operation Manual May 10.16

4 TESTING AND ADJUSTMENT 4-1

4.1 INTRODUCTION 4-1

5 SYSTEM LEVEL TROUBLESHOOTING 5-1

5.1 GENERAL 5-1

J1000 Installation and Operation Manual May 10.16

1-1 Recommended Site Test Equipment 1-2

J1000 Installation and Operation Manual May 10.16

A Site Evaluation Checklist A-1

J1000 Installation and Operation Manual May 10.16

Issue Date Reason

5.0 10 May 2016 Release 5 of J1000 (NARA40D)

J1000 Installation and Operation Manual May 10.16

Section 1 GENERAL INFORMATION

1.2 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF MANUAL

1.3 PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT

1.4 TEST EQUIPMENT

Figure 1-1 J1000 Transmitter

J1000 Installation and Operation Manual Page 1-1

Digital multimeter 3-1/2 digit, ac and dc volts Testing and maintenance

Frequency counter 5 ppm up to 10 MHz Measure carrier frequency

Oscilloscope Tektronix model T922 Testing and maintenance

Modulation monitor 50  input impedance, To set up audio level

RF signal/function generator 540 kHz to 1,700 kHz Testing and maintenance

Audio signal generator 10 Hz to 10 MHz, 600 ohms, Simulates modulating audio

Distortion analyzer 20 Hz to 20 kHz Measures audio distortion

Dc power supply (variable) 0 – 30 V, 1A Testing and maintenance

Dc power supply (fixed) 24 V, 1 A Testing and maintenance

Torque wrench Capable of providing five Installing power MOSFETs

Page 1-2 J1000 Installation and Operation Manual