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Properties of Hydrates
ABSTRACT
Hydrates are ionic compounds that have water molecules incorporated into their solid
structure. When heating a hydrate, the water molecules tend to drive off, and the residue or the
solid that is left is what we call anhydrous, which means a substance that does not contain water.
Upon prolonged heating, this hydrate loses its waters of hydration along with its color. The
formula of a hydrate may be determined by dehydrating a known mass of a hydrate, then
compare its mass to the original hydrate and with the resulting anhydrous solid. The objectives of
this experiment were to identify the following substances if they are hydrates: NiCl 2, KCl, borax,
sucrose, CaCO3, and BaCl2. Then, observe color changes as cobalt chloride (CoCl 2) loses and
gains water (H2O) and determine the percentage solution of HNO 3 and H2O. In this experiment,
it was identified that NiCl2, Borax, and BaCl2 are considered to be hydrates. On the other hand,
KCl, Sucrose, and CaCO3 are not hydrates. Also, it was observed that when CoCl 2 changed color
as it loses water or heated. Its color after heating changed from red to blue, then, when the
substance was dissolved in water or it gains water, blue turned back to its original color, red.
Lastly, it was determined that the percentage solution of HNO 3 was 77.26 %, while the
percentage solution of H2O was 22.24%.
REFERENCES
[1]
Orenstein, K. (2010, August 4). Hydrates- Concept. Retrieved from brightstorm:
https://www.brightstorm.com/science/chemistry/chemical-bonds/hydrates/
[2]
LibreTexts. (2019, July 8). Hydrates. Retrieved from LibreTexts:
https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Arkansas_Little_Rock/Chem_1402%3
A_General_Chemistry_1_(Kattoum)/Text/2%3A_Atoms%2C_Molecules
%2C_and_Ions/2.12%3A_Hydrates
[3]
Libretexts. (2020, June 30). Properties of Hydrates. Retrieved from Libretexts:
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Ancillary_Materials/Laboratory_Experiments/W
et_Lab_Experiments/General_Chemistry_Labs/Online_Chemistry_Lab_Manual/Chem_1
1_Experiments/05%3A_Properties_of_Hydrates_(Experiment)