Q1(a) Write Different types of rays present in the optic fiber.

Q1(b) A Typical Refractive index difference of an optical fiber designed for a long
distance communication is 1% and core refractive index is given by 1.46 . Calculate NA,
Acceptance angle and critical angle.

Q1(c) Explain Numerical Aperture and obtain relationship between obtain a relationship
between acceptance angle and refractive indices of core and cladding.

Q1(d) Describe Vapor phase axial deposition (VAD) method for fiber fabrication.

Q2 (a) Define Optical Detectors.

Q2 (b) Explain the working of LASER Diode in detail.
Q2 (c) Explain PIN Photodiode in detail.
Q2 (d) Write Short notes on:

i. Splices
ii. Connectors

Q3 (a)Define Dispersion
Q3 (b) Discuss Design optimization in Single mode fiber.
Q3 (c) Explain Dispersion Shifted and Dispersion Flattened Fiber
Q3 (d) Explain Micro bending and Macro bending losses in detail.

Q4 (a) Define Bit Error Rate.

Q4 (b) Discuss Optical Fiber Link Design in detail.
Q4 (c) Explain Rise Time Budget and Link Power Budget
Q4 (d) Explain modulation Technique for Homodyne and Heterodyne systems.

Q5 (a) Explain Optical amplification.

Q5 (b) Explain Wavelength division multiplexing.
Q5(c) Explain the construction and working of Erbium doped fiber amplifier EDFA.
Q5(d) Explain different network topologies with neat sketches