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400

Getting Started with the


Demonstration VM
BPM 11g Workshop
Prepared by : Dennis Foley
ESG Solution Engineering
Page 400 – 2 BPM 11g Workshop

Introduction
Business Process Management is a structured, coherent and consistent way of
understanding, documenting, modeling, analyzing, executing, monitoring and
optimizing business processes as well as associated resources leading to business
improvement. The BPM lifecycle is iterative and does not follow a water-fall model.
BPM is a management practice, a business philosophy that provides for governance
of a business process environment toward the goal of improving responsiveness and
operational performance. It is a journey not a destination.
Today's processes are increasingly complex, full of deeper interactions across
systems and dependent on more collaborative activities between users.
You need a comprehensive, standards-based and easy to use solution for creating,
deploying and managing composite business processes with content, automated and
human workflow steps.
 BPM is not about technology
 BPM is not about architecture
 BPM is not about creating diagrams
 BPM is about improving processes, and there are multiple ways to approach
BPM
Oracle BPM 11g Suite contains:
 Business Driven Modeling
 BPM Runtime
 Process Analytics
 Process Spaces
This guide covers installation and startup of the VM, and overview of what is
included, and a set of hands-on lab steps.
Please direct comments to: Dennis Foley

Objectives
 Learn how to import, configure, start and connect to the VM.
 Understand the Sale Quote Demo.
 Run Sales Quote Demo.

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Outline
Introduction ...........................................................................2
Objectives ......................................................................... 2
Outline.............................................................................. 3
Setting up a local VM ..............................................................4
Create a new Virtual Machine............................................... 4
Understanding the Sales Quote Demo process ......................11
Running the Sales Quote Process .........................................29

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Setting up a local VM
There are two options for accessing the VM. You can either: run it locally or connect
to a hosted image. This section deals with setup of Virtual Box image for running the
VM locally -- if you will be accessing a hosted copy of the VM, you can skip to the
next section.

Create a new Virtual Machine


START VIRTUAL BOX AND NAME THE NEW MACHINE

 Bring up VirtualBox (ver. 4.0 or higher) and select the New icon .
 Click Next at the first dialog.
 Enter the Name: BPM 11gR1 PS4 Workshop, Operating System: Linux,
Version: Oracle. Click Next.

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 Set the Memory 6144 MB depending on the resources available on your


server. Click Next.
Note: This image will run with 4G RAM but optimal configuration is 6G RAM.

ASSOCIATE EXISTING HARD DISK IMAGES TO VM


 At the Virtual Hard Disk dialog choose the Use existing hard disk radio
button and click the folder icon to browse for the boot VMDK file.

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 Navigate to the directory where you extracted the VMDK files. Select the
Linux_EL5.6_withConfig.vmdk file and click Open then click Next

 Verify that all the information is correct on the Summary screen and click
Finish.

MODIFY VM PARAMETERS
The new image is created. Now, we’ll modify some more parameters.

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 With the new Virtual Machine selected click Settings to bring up the Machine
configuration.

 Click System and select Enable IO APIC.

 Click Display and enter 32 for the Video Memory.

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 Click Storage to bring up the storage configuration. By default the disk are
added as SATA disk. We will want to remove the disk and add both disks to
the IDE Controller.
 Select the Linux_EL5.6_withConfig.vmdk disk and click the remove

attachment icon

 Select IDE Controller and click the Add Hard Disk icon to the right of the
Controller

 Click Choose existing disk.

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 Select Linux_EL5.6_withConfig.vmdk and click Open.

 Repeat the steps to add the second disk Linux_EL5.6_Oracle.vmdk.

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 You may now setup Network and Shared Folders as needed. Click OK to
complete the configuration.

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Understanding the Sales Quote Demo process


BPM Studio provides business user friendly process modeling and simulation. Using
BPM Studio, a business analyst or process designer can model a business process
including activities in the process, transitions between each activity, and roles
associated with each activity. BPM Studio also allows the business analyst to define
business rules in the context of business processes.
The business process implements a solution for Sales Representatives to submit
Sales Quotes and manage all the approvals within a particular Sales organization. A
quick recap on the business process definition and its flow is detailed below.
 The Business Process is triggered by a Sales Representative creating a Task
to Enter the Quote details in the “Enter Quote” interactive step.
 The next step is to determine the list of approvers for the Quote using
business rules and also to determine whether additional review by Business
Practices is required. This is accomplished through the “Determine Approval
Rules” step.
 After the rules have been evaluated, the next step is to check whether
“Business Practice Review” is required and if “yes” go through the
“Business Practices Review” step. This step will be carried out by the
individuals assigned to the “Business Practices” role.
 The Business Practices Review can either APPROVE or REJECT the
Quote. If APPROVE, it proceeds forward to the Approvals Parallel step. If
REJECT, it goes back to Enter Quote step. In addition, the Business
Practices Role can add more approvers or assignees to the Approve Quote
step.
 Once the Quote hits the Approvals step, it needs to get approved in a
parallel and concurrent fashion for the deal structure and terms. This is
carried out by Approve Quote and Approve Terms steps respectively.
 The Approve Quote activity will be executed by approvers in the
“Approvers” role.
 The Approve Deal activity will be executed by the “Contracts” role.
 Both Approve Quote and Approve Deal can have 2 possible outcomes:
APPROVE and REJECT similar to the Business Practices Review step.
 The process moves to Save Quote automated step if the outcome of both
Approve Quote and Approve Terms is “APPROVE”. It loops back to Enter
Quote step if either one or both of them is “REJECT”.
 The process ends after the execution of the Save Quote automated step.
 The complete flow is shown in the figure below.

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STEP 1: Start JDeveloper by double clicking on the JDeveloper 11g icon on the
Desktop OR right-click on the icon and select Open.

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STEP 2: Opening the BPM Project for Sales Quote Process


 Select FileOpen. This will open up a dialog box. Navigate to the working
directory for the complete demo, which is:
 /home/oracle/ESG/Demos/BPM11gSalesQuoteDemo/SalesQuoteDemo-110201-
PS3
 Select the SalesQuoteDemo.jws file, and click Open.

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STEP 3: Overview of Sales Quote Demo Project


 Go to View/BPM Project Navigator.
 Expand SalesQuoteProcess/Processes and select RequestQuote node.
SalesQuoteProcess is the BPM Project and RequestQuote is the business
process model. Each BPM Project can have multiple business processes.

 Double-click on RequestQuote process node to open the sales quote process.


Note: The modeling notation followed here is BPMN 2.0.

 Note that there are 4 swim lanes – “SalesRep”, “BusinessPractices”, “Approvers”


and “Contracts” in the business process. These swim lanes denote process
participants or roles that carry out these process steps. The association between
process steps and roles are captured in this diagram.

Roles Interactive process


steps

Sales Rep Enter Quote

Business Practices Business Practices


Review

Approvers Approve Quote

Contracts Finalize Contracts

 Note also that different symbols or icons are used to denote the various process
steps. The green rectangular box with the human icon represents an Interactive
or human step.
Note: The Interactive Tasks refers to a step that is managed by the workflow
engine. The Performers represent the business users who need to carry out the
Interactive Task. The associated Task (work to be performed) is shown in the
inbox of the assigned Performers when the Interactive Task is triggered. The
actual work is performed only when the Performer executes on his Task. The
Task is presented to the Performers through a browser based worklist application.
In BPM Studio, the Performer is automatically set to the “Role” associated with the
swim lane in to which the Interactive Task is dropped.

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Note: There is a special icon or marker on the Approve Quote Interactive step. This
represents a more complex form of role assignment to the Interactive step.
 The yellow rectangular box with the wheel and 2 green arrow spokes represent
the business rules step.
Note: The swim lanes or roles only matter for the Interactive step. Moving the
Interactive process activities across swim lanes changes the roles assigned to
them. You can also move swim lanes in the process model and rearrange
them. The process is automatically refreshed to map to the new location of the
swim lanes. The rules step is an automated step that does not involve a
human participant and can be placed in any swim lane.

 Open up the BPMN Component Palette by going View -> Component


Palette. The BPMN components consists of 4 main types of components :
 Activities that represent process steps,
 Gateways for splitting and merging paths,
 Events for generating and consuming business events and
 Artifacts for data, process metrics.

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 You are already familiar with the Interactive Task and Rules Task. Other
interesting activities are
 Service Task to invoke an external service,
 Manual Task to carry out a manual step,
 Send Task to send a message to another process and
 Receive Task to receive a message from another process.
Note: Both Manual and Interactive Tasks are performed by a human but the
former is not managed by a process execution engine while the latter is managed
by a process execution engine.

 In addition, to the process activities, the Sales Quote process also uses a
Gateway BPMN object to capture a split decision. This is the BPMN Exclusive

(XOR) Gateway . Based on certain data conditions only one of the outgoing
paths will be executed. In the Sales Quote process given here, based on
evaluation of Business Practices Review, either the Yes path or the No path is
taken. Note that the No path has a slash mark on it. This is used to denote a
default sequential path.

STEP 4: Understanding Organization


You learned in the previous section that swim lanes represent process roles.
These are also referred to logical roles. To manage process participants, Studio’s
Organization Manager is used to define the organization, any organizational units,
roles, users, and any calendar rules that may apply. This enables organizations to
manage which people participate within a process, when they participate, and how
much authority they have.

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 Go to Organization node under the BPM Project. Right-click and select Open
to bring up the Organization Editor.

Note: In BPM Studio, the swim lanes in the BPMN process point to logical Roles.
A logical role represents a process participant (user or group) and needs to be
mapped to physical roles (LDAP users/groups) before the process is deployed. .

 The Organization Pane shows the roles corresponding to the process swim lanes.

 Close the Organization window.

STEP 5: Business Catalog


Business Catalog holds several process related artifacts such as business data,
business rules, business services, task services etc. The Business Catalog facilitates
collaboration between business and IT Developer. It provides a mechanism for IT to
provide building blocks such as business data, business services that can in turn be
used by the business analyst/process designer/business user in implementing the
business process. There are different folders for holding different types of BPM
artifacts. Some folders have a lock to indicate that the artifacts inside them cannot
be deleted. The artifacts under Data folder and Type folder are business data, the
artifacts under the HumanTasks folder are Human Task Services, the artifacts under
Rules are Rule Services and the artifacts under Services are business services.

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STEP 6: Business Data


The input to the process is “Quote” data. The Quote data contains information such
as the set of products, the discount detail, the license terms the total net revenue,
the sales rep responsible for the Quote, customer details etc. The other interesting
data is the “Approval Flow” data that contains information about who needs to
approve the Quote.

STEP 7: Business Objects


Complex types are referred to as Business Objects in BPM Studio and represented by
XML Schema. Business Objects are stored under the Business Catalog folder.
In the SalesQuoteDemo, the Business Object – Quote and ApprovalFlow are
the Business Objects. You can navigate to the Business Catalog/Data folder to view
the structure for the Quote and ApprovalFlow Business Objects.

STEP 8: Data Objects


Data Objects represent Variables. Data Objects can be one of:
 Process Level (Process Variables) – Visible throughout the process and
persisted through the life time of the process instance.
 Activity Level (Local Variables) – Visible within a particular scope of the
process and lifetime of the Data Object is limited to the lifetime of the scope.
 Project Level (BPM Project Variables) – Visible across processes in a
particular BPM Project.
Data Objects are typed. The types can be scalar or native type: String, Integer,
Decimal, Boolean, Array or they can be complex types (Business Object). We have
pre-created the following Data Objects for you.

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Process Data Object Purpose Type

approveDealOutcome Captures the outcome of Approve Quote String


step

approveTermsOutcome Captures the outcome of Approve Terms String


step.

businessPracticesOutcome Captures the outcome of Business String


Practices Review step.

approvalFlow Is used to capture information regarding ApprovalFlow in Quote.xsd


the tiers of approval required for Approve
Quote step as well as the list of Approvers
for each tier. In addition, captures whether
Business Practices Review step is required
or not.

Quote Quote information QuoteRequest in Quote.xsd

approveTaskInfo Holds correlation information to enable


Business Practices to change the approver
list for Approve Quote within the Business ApproveTaskInfo in
Practices User Interfaces. Quote.xsd

In the BPM Project Navigator, highlight the process and open up the Structure
Pane (ViewStructure).

STEP 9: Understanding the Approve Quote Interactive Step

Oracle Human Workflow Service supports chaining tasks to create a task flow. The
Approve Quote Interactive step has complex assignment and has 3 tiers of
approvals namely – Tier1, Tier2 and Tier3. The tasks can be chained in sequential or

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parallel or a combination of both. You can navigate to the Business Catalog/Human


Task/ApproveDeal.task node to view the task definition

The Tier3 approval step is based off the Sequential Management Chain workflow
pattern. The starting participant is the manager of the Sales Rep and this is
dynamically set based off the incoming Quote data. The number of levels that need
to be traversed across the management chain is determined by the Quote Approval
Rules evaluation in the previous step. The Approval Flow - Rules Output contains this
information. You can also skip the step based on whether the Approval
Flow.selfApproval is set to "TRUE" by the Quote Approval Rules.

Tier2 Approvals is a Parallel Voting Pattern. The assignees are all the people
belonging to the swim lane Role. Task is completed when all of the Voted Outcomes
are in or if a certain percentage is met. Task status is calculated based on the
evaluation of the Voted Outcomes. In this example, all Tier2 Approvers have to

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"APPROVE". The Tier2 Approver List is set by the Quote Approval Rules in the
Approval Flow data object.

The Human workflow Service in Oracle BPM 11g supports Approval Management
Extensions for sophisticated routing requirements including ability for business
administrators to override process/rules determined flow. The Tier1 Approval is
based off the Approval Management Extensions. The Tier1ApprovalGroup is created
in the BPM Workspace.

STEP 10: Understanding the Determine Approval Rules step


The Approval Rules in the Business Catalog of the Sales Quote BPM Project is used to
determine the tiers that are required for approval of the incoming Quote data as well

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the list of approvers for each tier. In addition, it is used to determine whether
Business Practices step is required or not. The Approval Rules for the Sales Quote
Process is as follows:

• Condition based • Approvals Required for Approve Deal and if Business


on incoming Practices Review Required.
Quote data

• If Discount <= • Sales Rep can self approve. The Approve Deal step and the
25% Business Practices Review step are completely bypassed.

• If Discount is • Business Practices Review is required. For Approve Deal step, the
>25% but less Tier 2 and Tier 1 Approvals are not required. However, the
than 60% manager of the Sales Rep needs to approve as part of Tier3
Approval for the Approve Deal step

• If Discount is • Business Practices Review is required. For Approve Deal step, the
between 60% to Tier 1 Approvals is not required. However, the manager of the
90% Sales Rep needs to approve as part of Tier3 Approval for the
Approve Deal step. In addition, as part of Tier2 Approval, “wfaulk”
needs to approve as well.

• If Discount is > • Business Practices Review is required. For Approve Deal step, the
90% and Total Tier 1 Approvals is not required. However, the manager as well as
Revenue is < the manager’s manager (2 levels up the management chain) of
550000 the Sales Rep needs to approve as part of Tier3 Approval for the
Approve Deal step. In addition, as part of Tier2 Approval for
Approve Deal step, “wfaulk” needs to approve as well.

• If Discount is > • Business Practices Review is required. For Approve Deal step, all
60% and Total the 3 tiers of approvals are required including Tier 1 Approval. The
Revenue is > manager as well as the manager’s manager (2 levels up the
550000 management chain) of the Sales Rep needs to approve as part of
Tier3 Approval for the Approve Deal step. In addition, as part of
Tier2 Approval for Approve Deal step, “wfaulk” and “jlondon”
needs to approve as well.

These rules are captured in the form of a Decision Table in the BPM Project provided
to you. The Decision Table is easy to understand, create, and change by the business
user.
To take a quick look at the Approval Rules, go to Business
Catalog/Rules/SalesQuoteProcess and double-click on the .rules file.

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 Go to Ruleset_1 and select ApprovalMatrix from the drop-down list as shown


in the diagram.

 The Decision table looks like the screen shot below:

STEP 11: User Interfaces for the Sales Quote Process


The sales quote requires the following information to be captured from the user:
 Header-level information like customer address, contact information, type of
customer, sales representative associated with this deal, industry type, etc.
 List of products for which the quote is being prepared

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 Information for any discount being offered. The discount could be different for
each selected product
 Any terms and conditions that need to be added to the quote
The Auto-generate option creates a default task-flow with a single page. To ease the
page design, you are provided with page templates that already have the basic page
layout completed. To create a multi-page flow the additional pages have to be
created using the standard ADF page designer.
The Enter Quote UI project is the part of the Sales Quote Demo application that
contains the user interfaces page flows for the Enter Quote step of the process. It is
a multi-page flow with five pages.

STEP 12: Loops in the Business Process


The Business Practices Review – Interactive step can have 2 possible outcomes –
“APPROVE” or “REJECT”. The “APPROVE” outcome continues the process on the
forward going path. On the other hand, the “REJECT” outcome redirects the process

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back to the “Enter Quote Details” so that the Sales Representative can refine the
quote and resubmit.

The Exclusive (XOR) Gateway is required to create a loop.


Similar to the Business Practices Review step, the Approve Quote and Approve
Terms steps will also have 2 possible outcomes – “APPROVE” or “REJECT”. The
“APPROVE” outcome continues the process on the forward going path and the
“REJECT” outcome redirects the process back to the “Enter Quote Details”.

STEP 13: Understanding Save Quote Service Task


The Service Task represents an automated (system) invocation step. This is the last
step in the process.

STEP 14: Understanding Data Associations

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The input and output arguments of the process step are the same as the inputs and
the outputs of the Service (Task, Rules, System) that it is bound to. The data objects
(variables) are used for data transformation to match the input and output
arguments of the process step.
BPM Studio supports 3 ways of performing data mapping.
 Simple Mode – Business user friendly mode. The input/output arguments
are mapped to data objects of similar type. Simple logical type of checks can
also be done in the Simple mode.
 XPATH Mode – Involves XPATH expression editor for more complex mapping
 XLST Transformation – Uses XSLT transformation for mapping the data
objects to the input/output arguments.
In the case of Business Practices Review, the outcome output argument of the
Business Practices Review step is mapped to the businessPracticeaReviewOutcome
String data object. In addition, the approvalTaskInfo data is also passed to this
step to display the approval information in the Business Practices Review user
interfaces. This is later used to validate if the process needs to go forward to
Approvals Gateway or loop back to Enter Quote.

In the case of Approve Quote step, in addition to the approveTaskInfo, approvalFlow


and quote data objects being mapped, the guid attribute of the approveTaskInfo also
gets mapped to the correlation id. This mapping is done to correlate the routing slip
changes made inside Business Practices Review user interfaces to propagate
correctly to the Approve Quote step to set the assignees.

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STEP 15: Understanding Business Indictors


For the Sales Quote Demo process, we are interested in analyzing discounts offered
and discount distribution across deal sizes (total net revenue) and industries.
Business Indicators are used to specify what process specific data should be
captured. Business Indicators can be mapped like any other Data Object.
There are 3 types of Business Indicators supported:
 Measures – These are numerical data that typically signify a value that is
interesting in process analytics. We need a measure for discount.
 Dimensions – These specify how process analytic data may be sliced. A
dimension has to have a finite set of values. In cases where it is not, such as
for numbers and date/time, a set of ranges must be specified for the data. We
need dimensions for industry and revenue, where revenue is a numerical
dimension, and needs ranges to be specified.
 Counters – As the name indicates, these are useful for counting iterations.
We will add a counter to count number of times the quote needs to be
revised. The number of iterations is clearly an interesting data point for
analytics.
The values for revenueDimension, discount, and industry are set in the Set
Business Indicators Script activity.

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The Counter is set at the Enter Quote step. Right-click on the step and choose the
Counter option. This brings up the Counter tab and you can choose the Counter to be
incremented.

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Running the Sales Quote Process


STEP 16: Workspace Overview
Oracle BPM's Workspace is a web application that allows you to interact with a
process in relation to your assigned role or roles within your company. The
Workspace helps you effectively and efficiently manage your tasks with minimal
extra training. It serves as a portal, or window, into a business process for which
you have an assigned role. When you select a pending task, the Workspace allows
you to execute the transaction or transactions associated with the task. The
Workspace allows you to access your work with an Internet browser from any
location. You can use the Workspace interface like an e-mail reader to view incoming
tasks for which you are responsible.

STEP 17: Logging in to Workspace


For each process in which you have been assigned a role, the Workspace displays
your current tasks. The participants in the process and their roles and groups have
already been created. Recall that:
 James Cooper (user id “jcooper”) was assigned the Sales Representative
(SalesRep) role and will be able to do the Enter Quote activity
 Jon Steinbeck (user id “jstein”) was assigned the role “Business Practices”
and will be able to do the Business Practices Review activity. He also has the
role of the Process Owner and can perform process administrative functions.
 The participants for Approver role for Approve Quote step will be determined
dynamically by the Determine Approvals Business Rule step.
 Charles Dickens (user id “cdickens”) was assigned the role “Contracts” and
will be able to perform both Approve Terms and Finalize Terms activities.
 Start up Firefox if you haven’t already.

 Click on the BPM Process Workspace bookmark. Login using


jcooper/welcome1.

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 The Inbox option shows the list of task items assigned to you and your Group in
the right pane of the WorkSpace (similar to an email inbox). If this is the first
time you are using Workspace, you won’t see any tasks listed.

STEP 18: Triggering the Sales Quote Process


The Sales Quote Demo process is triggered by the arrival of a task item in the
inbox of the Sales Representative role and this in turn activates the Enter Quote
Details activity.
 In order to generate a task item in the inbox, go to the Applications section on
the left and click on the RequestQuote v1.0 process. This generates a task item
for the Enter Quote step and opens the task. Close the task here and go on to
the next section.

STEP 19: Completing the Sales Quote Process instance


 Refresh the Tasks list.
 You will find that a new task item is now added to the Inbox of “jcooper”.
 Click on this instance to open the forms associated with the task.
This first panel contains basic information about the customer for which the quote is
being requested.

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 Enter a value for Industry such as Software.


 Click on the “Select Products” node in the bread crumbs trail at the top of the
form and the panel below will change to the one for entering the products on the
quote.
 Drag BPM Suite to the Selected Products pane.
 Enter 100 for the quantity of Oracle BPM Suite product.

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 Click on the “Request Discounts” entry on the bread crumbs trail.


 Enter a discount of 70% and then click on Request Terms.

 Select the “NonStandardLicensing…” or any of the available ones and a proper


type (this again can be any value from the drop down).

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 Once the quote has been thoroughly created by the Sales Representative, it is
time to submit. The final summary page is shown below (Submit Quote step in
the top flow diagram).

 Click on the “SUBMIT” button to submit it to the next step. The task should
disappear from jcooper’s inbox.
The data entered should trigger Business Practices Review to be true. In addition,
all 3 tiers of approvals are required. Tier2 Approver list consists of “wfaulk,
jlondon”.
 Log out as “jcooper” and log in as “jstein” to act on the Business Practices
Review step. Click APPROVE on the Action menu.

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The process now goes to the Approvers and Contracts role at the same time for
the Approve Quote and Approve Terms process steps.
 Log in as jstein, wfaulk and cdickens for tier-3, wfaulk and jlondon for tier-
2, and cdoyle for tier-1 to complete the Approve Quote step.
 Log in as cdickens and perform approvals of Approve Terms and Finalize
Contracts steps.
This completes the process.

Copyright © 2012, Oracle Corporation

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