Dead loads, Live load or imposed load, Wind load, Snow

Load,Earthquake loads.
 Post author:sanjay sharma
 Post published:4 Nov 2017
 Post Category:Reinforced cement concrete
 Post Comments:2 Comments
Table of Contents  [hide ]
o
 0.0.1   In this Article:
 0.0.2   See also
 1   TYPES OF LOADS ON R.C.C. STRUCTURES
o 1.1     Dead Loads
 1.1.1   Unit Weights of Common Building Materials
o 1.2     Live Loads
 1.2.1   TABLE 1.12. Minimum Live Loads to be Considered
o 1.3     Wind Loads
o 1.4     Snow Loads
o 1.5     Earthquake Loads
o 1.6   Share this:
o 1.7   Like this:
o 1.8   Related
In this Article:
Learn Types of loads on R.C.C. Structures, Dead loads, Live loads or imposed loads, Wind loads, Snow Loads,Earthquake
loads.

See also
The loads coming on the foundations
TYPES OF LOADS ON R.C.C. STRUCTURES
Structures are designed to withstand various types of loads. The various types of loads expected on a structure are as
follows :
(i)        Dead loads

(ii)       Live loads or imposed loads

(iii)     Wind loads

(iv)      Snow loads

(v)       Earthquake loads

  Dead Loads
Dead loads are due to self weight of the structure. Dead loads are the permanent loads which are always present. Dead loads
depends upon the unit weight of the material. Dead loads includes, the self weight of walls, floors beams, columns etc. and
also the permanent fixtures present in the structure.

The unit weight of commonly used building materials are given in the code IS 875 (part-I)-1987. The unit weights of
important building materials are given in Table 1.11.

Unit Weights of Common Building Materials

S.No. Material Unit Weight kN/m3

1. Plain Cement Concrete 24

2. Reinforced Cement Concrete Steel 25

3. Steel 78.5

4. Brick Masonry (Cement Plaster) 20

5. Stone Masonry Granite 24

6. Asbestos Cement Sheets 0.13

7. Cement 14.10
(i) Ordinary Portland 12.55

(ii) Rapid Hardening

8. Lime Concrete 19.2

9. Mortar            (i) Cement 20.4

(ii) Lime 16

10. Marble 26.7

11. Glass 27

12. Timber           (i) Chir 5.65

(ii) Deoder 5.35

(iii) Teak 6.28

(iv) Sal 8.5

13. Bitumen 0.102

14. Surkhi (Brick dust) 9.9

15. Sand Stone 22.0-23.5
 

 Live Loads
Live loads on floors and roofs consists of all the loads which are temporarily placed on the structure, For example, loads of
people, furniture, machines etc. Live loads keep on changing from time to time. Live loads are also called as imposed loads.
Various types of imposed loads coming on the structure are given in IS 875 (Part-2): 1987. The imposed loads depend upon
the use of building. Some of the important values of live loads are given in Table 1.12.

TABLE 1.12. Minimum Live Loads to be Considered

S.No. Occupancy UDL Load

1. Bath rooms and toilets in all types of building 2 kN/m2

2. Living and bed rooms 2 kN/m2

3. Office rooms in :  
(i) Hostels, hotels, hospitals and business building with separate store  

(ii)  In assembly buildings 2.5 kN/m2

3 kN/m2

4. Kitchens in : (i) Dwelling houses 2 kN/m2

(ii) Hostels, hotels and hospitals 3 kN/m2

5. Banking halls, class rooms, X-ray rooms, operation rooms 3 kN/m2

6. Dining rooms in : (i) educational buildings, institutional and  

 mercantine buildings 3 kN/m2
(ii) Hostels and hotels 4 kN/m2

7. Corridors, passages, stair cases in:  

(i) Dwelling houses, hostels and hotels 3 kN/m2
4 kN/m2
(ii) Educational institutional and assembly building 4 kN/m2

(iii) Marcantine buildings

8. Reading rooms in libraries :  

(i) With separate storage 3 kN/m2
4 kN/m2
(ii) Without separate storage

9. Assembly areas in assembly buildings :  

(i) With fixed seats 5 kN/m2
5 kN/m2
(ii) Without fixed seats

10. Store rooms in educational buildings 5 kN/m2

11. Store room in libraries 6 kN/m2 for a height of 2.24+2

kN/m2 for every 1 m additional
height

12. Boiler rooms and plant rooms in :  

 (i) Hostels, hotels, hospitals, mercantine and industrial buildings  

(ii)   Assembly and storage buildings 5 kN/m2

7.5 kN/m2

13. Roof loads (Flat, sloping with slopes upto 10 degrees):  

(i) Access provided  

(ii) Access not provided 1.5 kN/m2

0.75 kN/m2

14. Sloping roof with slope greater than 10 degree For purlins – 0.75 kN/m2 less 0.02
kN/m2 for every degree increase
in slope over 10 degrees
 

 Wind Loads
The force exerted by the horizontal component of wind is to be considered in the design of building. Wind loads depends
upon the velocity of wind, shape and size of the building. The method of calculating wind loads on structure is given in IS
875 (Part-3):1987.

 Snow Loads
The building which are located in the regions where snowfall is very common, are to be designed for snow loads. The code
IS 875 (Part-4):1987 deals with snow loads on roofs of the building.

 Earthquake Loads
Earthquake loads depend upon the place where the building is located. As per IS 1893-2002 (Part-I) (General Provisions for
Buildings), India is divided into four seismic zones. The code gives recommendations for earthquake resistant design of
structures. Now, it is mandatory to follow these recommendations for design of structures.