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Advanced Engineering Mathematics for ECE

LESSON #3: COMPLEX NUMBERS


Complex numbers consist of two parts, a real number and an imaginary number. The standard
format for complex numbers is a + bi, with the real number first and the imaginary number last.

i=√
i2= -1
z = a + bi
(a + bi) + (c + di) = (a + c) + (b + d)i
(a + bi) - (c + di) = (a - c) + (b - d)i
(a + bi)(c + di) = (ac – bd) + (bc + ad)i
(a + bi)(a – bi) = a2 + b2
| z | = | a + bi | = √
EXAMPLES:

Evaluate the following, expressing your answer in Cartesian form (a + bi)


Solve the following using the quadratic formulas:

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