Electric Potential

Lecture -1

Mahendra Singh 8+ years Teaching experience

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NEETLIVE Apply
Work done to move a charge in an electrostatic field

+ +

2
The external agent does a work in transporting the test

charge q slowly from position 1 to position 2 in the static electric field

Example Find the work done by external agent in slowly shifting a charge q = 1μc
in the electric field from the point P (1,2) to Q (3,4).
Example A charge particle q = - 10 C is carried along OP and PQ and then back to
O along QO as shown in figure, an electric field Find
the work done by an external agent in
(ⅰ)each path and (ⅱ)the round trip
y
Q(2, 2)

x
O P(2, 0)
Electrostatic Potential Energy

Work done in bringing the given charge from infinity to a point in the
electric field is known as potential energy of the charge.
q q q q

Q
r1 dr

r2
r3
Electric Potential

Potential at a point in a field is defined as the amount of work done in bringing

a unit positive test charge, from infinity to that point along any arbitrary path
(infinity is point of zero potential).
Electric potential is a scalar quantity, it is denoted by V;

Unit and dimensional formula : S. I. unit = Joule / Coulomb = volt

C.G.S. unit – Stat volt (e.s.u.);

1 volt = 1/300 Stat volt
Dimension – [V] = [M L2 T-3 A-1]
Electric Potential due to a Point charge
Example The potential at a point due to a charge of 5 x 10 -7 C located 10
cm away is………………...
Example In the above problem, work done in bringing a charge of 4 x 10 -7 C
from infinity to that point is……………..
Example (i) Find potential energy of the equilateral triangle by bringing
charges from infinity.

+Q

+Q +Q
Example (ii) calculate the work required to decrease the side of a triangle
to a/2
Example (iii) if the charges are released from the shown position and each
of them has same mass m, then find the speed of each particle
when they lie on triangle of side 2a
Example Find out electric potential energy of the following systems

+Q +Q

+Q +Q

Figure 1
Knowledge Bullet to make Helicopter shot:
Example A charge Q is distributed uniformly on a ring of radius R as
shown in the following diagrams. Find the electric potential at
the centre O of the ring.

Q Q Q

R
O
O O

Charge on whole ring Charge on half ring Charge on 3/4th ring

Example In the following cases
find the position of the point where potential is zero.

9𝛍C 25𝛍C
- 9𝛍C - 25𝛍C

d d
40cm
40cm
+ 9𝛍C - 25𝛍C
- 9𝛍C + 25𝛍C

d d
40cm 40cm
Example In the following cases
find the position of the point where potential is zero.

9𝛍C 25𝛍C

d
40cm
11th Grade
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