Blood Warm up:

Warm-up:
a. agranulocytes d. granulocytes g. platelets
b. basophils e. leukocytes h. monocytes
c. eosinophils f. lymphocytes i. neutrophils

1. agranulocytes involved in immunity; produce antibodies F

2. leukocytes containing large cytoplasmic granules that stain D
3. granulocytes that release heparin (to prevent clotting) and histamine (important in inflammatory response) B
4. granulocytes that protect against infections caused by parasitic worms and allergic reactions C
5. granulocytes that phagocytize microorganisms for cellular defense; most numerous leukocyte I
6. group of nucleated cells that lack hemoglobin; also called white blood cells E
7. small, colorless bodies that function in blood clotting and hemostasis G
8. these cells enter tissues and are transformed into macrophages H
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9. Where is the buffy coat found after blood is spun down? The Erythrocyte-plasma junction
10. List the functions of blood: Transports oxygen and nutrients, regulates body temp, carries cells and antibodies, transports waste products
11. What do thrombocytes do? Help form blood clots to slow and stop bleeding
12. What molecule in hemoglobin transports Oxygen? Iron
13. What is anemia, polycythemia, leukopenia, leukocytosis, leukemia, Thrombocytosis, Thrombocytopenia?
14. Name two anticoagulants (some are found in blood tubes)? EDTA and Citrate
15. Name the steps of clot formation: Constrict the vessel, formation of platelet plug, activation of coagulation, formation of fibrin plug
16. List the percentages of plasma proteins: 6-8%
Agglutinogens stimulate the formation of specific agglutinin antibodies while agglutinins
17. Differentiate between aglutinogens and agglutinins:
are antibodies produced by the immune system
18. Where are all blood cells formed from? Bone Marrow
19. Differentiate between erythropoietin and erythropoiesis: Erythropoiesis is the production of RBCs and Erythropoietin is a hormone which stimulates RBC production

20. What is the shape of RBC’s and what is their name? A biconcave disc
21. A hematocrit is a measure of what? The proportion of RBCs in your blood
22. What are reticulocytes and where are they found? Newly produced immature RBCs, and are found in the bone marrow
23. What is the function of these: Prothrombin,Thrombin,Fibrinogen,Fibrin?
24. What are platelets and their function? Small colorless cell fragments also known as thrombocytes that form clots and prevent bleeding
25. List the 8 main blood types: A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, O-
26. Where is the Rh (or D) antigen found? The surface of RBCs
27. What is the pH of blood? 7.35 - 7.45
28. How long do blood cells live? 120 days
29. Which blood cells have DNA? white blood cells
30. Which WBC’s have the greatest power of phagocytosis? macrophages
31. Which blood type is the universal donor and universal recipient? Blood type O negative is donor and AB positive is recipient
32. What is hemophilia? a condition which reduces the ability for the blood to clot dramatically so even small cuts bleed a lot
33. What is pernicious anemia caused by? A lack of vitamin B12
34. What is the body’s total blood volume? 1.2-1.5 gallons
35. What is an embolism? A sudden blocking of the artery
13.. Anemia- lack of RBCs, Polycythemia- increase in the # of RBCs, Leukopenia- lack of WBCs, Leukocytosis- Increase in # of WBCs,
Leukemia- cancer of blood forming tissues, Thrombocytosis- Body produces too many platelets, Thrombocytopenia- low level of platelets
23 Prothrombin- protein which helps the blood clot, Thrombin-principle enzyme of hemostasis, Fibrinogen- essential to blood clotting, and Fibrin - is essential to blood clot contraction