Unit -I : Laplace Transform

Laplace Transform of Standard Functions

Dr. Satish Desale

R.C.Patel Institute of Technology, Shirpur
Table of contents

1 Laplace transform of Standard Functions

f(t) = sin at
f(t) = cos at
f(t) = sinh at

2 Examples

3 Home Work

© Dr. Satish Desale 2

Laplace transform of Standard Functions

4) f(t) = sin at

Definition of Laplace Transform

Z ∞
L{f(t)} = e−st f(t)dt = F(s)
0

Here f(t) = sin at

© Dr. Satish Desale 3

Laplace transform of Standard Functions

4) f(t) = sin at

Definition of Laplace Transform

Z ∞
L{f(t)} = e−st f(t)dt = F(s)
0

Here f(t) = sin at

Z ∞
L{sin at} = e−st · sin at · dt
0

eat
eat sin btdt =
R
a2 +b2
[a sin bt − b cos bt]
here a = −s b=a
∞
e−st

L{sin at} = · (−s sin at − a cos at)
s2 + a2 0

© Dr. Satish Desale 3

 e−∞ − e0 (−s sin 0 − a cos 0)
 
L{sin at} =
s2 + a2

a
L{sin at} =
s2 + a2

a
L{sin at} =
s2 + a2

© Dr. Satish Desale 4

Laplace transform of Standard Functions

4) f(t) = cos at

Definition of Laplace Transform

Z ∞
L{f(t)} = e−st f(t)dt = F(s)
0

Here f(t) = cos at

© Dr. Satish Desale 5

Laplace transform of Standard Functions

4) f(t) = cos at

Definition of Laplace Transform

Z ∞
L{f(t)} = e−st f(t)dt = F(s)
0

Here f(t) = cos at

Z ∞
L{cos at} = e−st · cos at · dt
0

eat
eat cos btdt =
R
a2 +b2
[a cos bt + b sin bt]
here a = −s b=a
∞
e−st

L{cos at} = · (−s cos at + a sin at)
s + a2
2
0

© Dr. Satish Desale 5

 e−∞ − e0 (−s cos 0 + a sin 0)
 
L{cos at} =
s2 + a2

s
L{cos at} =
s2 + a2

s
L{cos at} =
s2 + a2

© Dr. Satish Desale 6

f(t) = sinh at

6) f(t) = sinh at

Here f(t) = sinh at

L{f(t)} = L{sinh at}

we know that
eθ −e−θ
sinh θ = 2
eat − e−at
L{sinh at} = L{ }
2
1h i
L{sinh at} = L{eat } − L{e−at }
2
1 1
we have L{eat } = s−a
L{e−at } = s+a

© Dr. Satish Desale 7

Frame Title

1 1 1
 
L{sinh at} = − }
2 s−a s+a

1 s+a−s+a
 
L{sinh at} =
2 (s − a)(s + a)

1 2a
 
L{sinh at} =
2 (s − a)(s + a)
 
a
L{sinh at} =
(s2 − a2 )

 
a
L{sinh at} =
s2 − a2

© Dr. Satish Desale 8

 7 ) f(t) = cosh at
we know that
eθ +e−θ
cosh θ = 2
ett + e−at
L{cosh at} = L{ }
2

" #
eat + e−at
L[f(t)] = L
2

1 h  at   i
L[cosh at] = L e + L e−at
2
We know that
h i 1 h i 1
L eat = , L eat =
s−a s+a

© Dr. Satish Desale 9

 1 1 1
 
L[cosh at] = +
2 s−a s+a

1 (s + a) + (s − a)
 
L[cosh at] =
2 (s − a)(s + a)

1 2s
 
L[cosh αt] =
2 s2 − a2
s
L[cosh at] =
s2 − a2

 
s
L{cosh at} =
s2 − a2

© Dr. Satish Desale 10

Some Formulae

(1) 2 sin A cos B = sin(A + B) + sin(A − B)

(2) 2 cos A sin B = sin(A + B) − sin(A − B)
(3) 2 cos A cos B = cos(A + B) + cos(A − B)
(4) 2 sin A sin B = cos(A − B) − cos(A + B)
(5) sin2 A = 1−cos 2A
2

(6) cos2 A = 1+cos 2A

2

(7) cos3 A =?
(7) sin3 A =?

© Dr. Satish Desale 11

Example

 
t
L 3 sin t − 7 cos 5t + 6 cosh 2t − 2 sinh
2
 
t
= 3L{sin t} − 7L{cos 5t} + 6L{cosh 2t} − 2L sinh
2

1 s s 1/2
=3· −7 2 +6 2 −2 2
s2 + 12 s + 52 s − 22 s − (1/2)2

© Dr. Satish Desale 12

Example

f(t) = L{sin2 t}
Here f(t) = sin2 t

1 − cos 2t
sin2 t =
2

1 − cos 2t}
n o  
L sin2 t = L
2

n o 1
L sin2 t = [L{1} − L{cos 2t}]
2
1 1
 
n o s
L sin2 t = − 2
2 s s +4

© Dr. Satish Desale 13

Example

L{sin 2t cos 3t}

f(t) = sin 2t cos 3t

1
L {sin 2t cos 3t} = L {2 sin 2t cos 3t}
2
We have
2 sin A cos B = sin(A + B) + sin(A − B)

2 sin 2t cos 3t = sin(2t + 3t) + sin(2t − 3t)

= sin(5t) + sin(−t)

= sin 5t − sin t
1
L{sin 2t cos 3t} = L{sin 5t − sin t}
2
1
= [L{sin 5t} − L{(sin t)}
2
1 5 1

= −
2 s2 + 25 s2 + 1
© Dr. Satish Desale 14
Example

L{cos 5t · cos 2t}

f(t) = cos 5t · cos 2t

1
= [2 cos 5t · cos 2t]
2
we have
2 cos A cos B = cos(A + B) + cos(A − B)

2 cos 5t · cos 2t = cos(5t + 2t) + cos(5t − 2t)

2 cos 5t · cos 2t = cos(7t) + cos(3t)

1
L{cos 5t · cos 2t) = L{cos 7t + cos 3t}
2
1
= [L{cos 7t} + L{cos 3t}
2
1

s s
= +
2 s2 + 49 s2 + 9

© Dr. Satish Desale 15

Example

L cos2 7t


Here f(t) = cos2 7t

1 + cos 14t
=
2
1 + cos 14t
n o  
2
L cos 7t = 1
2
1
= L{1 + cos 14t}
2
1
= [L{1} + L{cos(4t}]
2
1 1
 
n o s
L cos2 7t = + 2
2 s s + 196

© Dr. Satish Desale 16

Example

L{sin 7t sin 9t}

Here f(t) = sin 7t sin 9t

1
sin 7t sin 9t = [2 sin 7t · sin 9t]
2
we have 2 sin A sin B = cos(A − B) − cos(A + B)

2 sin 7t sin 9t = cos(7t − 9t) − cos(7t + 9t)

= cos(−2t) − cos(16t)

2 sin 7t sin 9t = cos(2t) − cos(16t)

1
L{2 sin 7t sin 9t} = [L{cos 2t} − L{cos 16t}
2
1

s s
L{2 sin 7t sin 9t} = −
2 s2 + 4 s2 + 256

© Dr. Satish Desale 17

Example

 
t
L sinh 5t − cosh + e−3t + 5 + 2t
2
  
t n o n o
= L sin(5t} − L cos h + L e−3t + 1{5} + 1 2t
2
5 s 1 5 1
= − 2 + + +
s2 − 25 s − 1/4 s+3 s s − log 2

© Dr. Satish Desale 18

Example

L{cosh 2t · sinh 3t}

Here f(t) = cosh 2t · sinh 3t

 2t   3t
e + e−2t e + e−3t

cosh 2t · sinh 3t = ·
2 2
1 h 5t −t t −5t
i
cosh 2t · sinh 3t = e −e +e −e
4
1 h n 5t i n o n o n o
L{cosh 2t · sinh 3t} = L e − L e−t + L et − L e−5t
4
1 1 1 1 1

= + + −
4 s−5 s+1 s−1 s+5

© Dr. Satish Desale 19

Example

n o
L cosh2 3t
2
e3t − e−3t

2
Here cosh 3t =
2
1 h 6t i
= e + 2e3t · e−3t + e−6t
4
1 h 6t i
cosh2 3t = e + 2 + e−6t
4
1 h n 6t o n o
L{cosh2 3t} = L e + 2L{1} + L e−6t
4
1 1 2 1

= + +
4 s−6 s s+6

© Dr. Satish Desale 20

Home Work

1. cos 5t cos 4t

2. sin 2t cos 3t

3. sin2 3t

4. cos2 4t

5. cosh2 at

6. cosh3 4t

7. cos3 at

8. sin3 5t

9. sin at sin bt

10. sinh3 bt

© Dr. Satish Desale 21