Sacraments

 Sacrament – comes from the words “Sacra” and “Mento”.

 Sacra – means “Holy or Sacred”.
 Mento – means “Sign or Palatandaan”.
 Sacramento – means “Sacred Sign or Banal na Palatandaan”.

Sacraments are Christian Rites instituted by Christ himself. These are outward visible signs of inward
spiritual grace which comes from God.

Sacraments confer the grace of the Holy Spirit.

Sacramentals – these are sacred signs which have a resemblance to the sacraments. They signify effects,
particularly of a spiritual nature, which are obtained through the intercession of the Church. By them men are
disposed to receive the chief effect of the sacraments and various occasions in life and rendered holy.

Sacramentals confer the grace through the prayers of the church.

3 Kinds of Sacraments

1. Blessings – blessings on People, Objects, Food, Places, Statues, and Images.

2. Rites and Actions – these are actions like the Sign of the Cross and other apostolic traditions.
3. Exorcisms – expelling demons and prayers to avoid the evil one.

Prayer – is uplifting of the soul to God.

Holy Water – Water blessed during the Easter Vigil. Also used as Baptismal water used in blessings and
also used in personal consumptions.

Water reminds us of Baptism.

Sanctum Chrisma (SC) or Chrism Oil – one of the three oils blessed during Mass of Holy Chrism on the
morning of Holy Thursday. Also used during infant baptism, confirmations, ordinations, and consecration of
liturgical vessels and objects.

Chrism Oil is used to consecrate, the oil itself is consecrated.

Consecration vs. Blessing

 Consecration – is long lasting.

 Blessing - is temporary.

Oleum Sanctum (OS) or Oil of Catechumens - one of the three oils blessed during Mass of Holy Chrism
on the morning of Holy Thursday. This Oil is used to baptize Catechumens. Catechumens are old people who
were yet to be baptized.

Oil of Catechumens is blessed oil.

 Oleum Infirmorum (OI) or Oil of the Sick - one of the three oils blessed during Mass of Holy Chrism on
the morning of Holy Thursday. Used during administering the oil of the sick.

Oil of the sick is blessed oil.

Classification of Sacraments:

 Initiation – Sacrament of Baptism, Sacrament of Confirmation, and Sacrament of Holy Eucharist.

 Healing – Sacrament of Reconciliation and Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick.
 Commitment and Service – Sacrament of Holy Matrimony and Sacrament of Holy Orders.

Sacraments:

 “Sacred Signs” instituted by Christ himself.

 Graces poured by the Holy Spirit.
 A necessity required for all Christians.
 Required

Sacramentals:

 “Sacred Signs” instituted by the church upon Christ’s orders.

 Graces poured through the prayers of the Church.
 Strongly recommended the enrich ones spiritual life.

Sacraments of Initiation
 Sacrament of Baptism
 Sacrament of Confirmation
 Sacrament of Holy Eucharist
 Minister – the one who performs the sacrament.
 Matter – the symbol of the sacrament.
 Form – the words they say during the sacrament.
 Origin – is where the sacrament came from.

Sacrament of Baptism
 Minister: Deacon, Priest or Bishop, Lay Person in Emergency Cases.
 Matter: Baptismal Water.
 Form: “I baptize you in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,”
 Origin: Jesus instructed the apostles “to make disciples of all nations” during the Ascension (Matthew
28:19)

Baptism removes the Original Sin

Blessing of Baptismal Water

 Paschal Candle – represents Jesus Christ. This candle is dropped 3 times in the water to make it holy. It
represents the Baptism of Jesus at the Jordan River.
 Sacrament of Confirmation
 Minister: Bishop, Priest delegated by the Bishop.
 Matter: Laying of Hands.
 Form: “Be sealed with the gift of the Holy Spirit…”
 Origin: “As the father sent me, so I am sending you. Receive the Holy Spirit” (John 20:21) The first
confirmation took place on Pentecost.

Confirmation is the fullness of Baptism

Sacrament of the Holy Eucharist

 Minister: Bishop or Priest.
 Matter: Bread and Wine.
 Form: Words of Consecration (“This is My Body… this is the Chalice of my Blood.”)
 Origin: The Eucharist was instituted during the Last Supper. It is the last sacrament of initiation for it is
here wherein one receives the fullness of communion with the Church.
 Transubstantiation – Bread and Wine become the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ.

This sacrament may be received more than once

Sacraments of Healing
 Sacrament of Reconciliation
 Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick

Sacrament of Reconciliation
 Minister: Bishop or Priest
 Matter: The Confession of Sins
 Form: “…I absolve you from your sins in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.”
 Origin: Jesus said to the apostles: “For those whose sins you forgive, they are forgiven; for those whose
sins are retained.” (John 20:23).
 Indulgence – It is the removal of the punishment due to sin after confession. May be PARTIAL, which
means only a portion will be removed, or PLENARY, which mean all punishment will be removed.
Indulgences are determined by the Apostolic Penitentiary in Rome, with the approval of the Pope.

Confessions must be done frequently

Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick

 Minister: Bishop or Priest
 Matter: Anointing with the Oil for the Sick.
 Form: “Through this holy anointing may the Lord in his love and mercy help you with the grace of the
Holy Spirit. Amen May the Lord, who frees your spirit from sin, save you and raise you up. Amen.”
 Origin: “Jesus said to the apostles: “They will lay their hands on the sick, who will recover.”(Mark
16:18)

This sacrament may be done more than once

Sacraments of Commitment and Service

 Sacrament of Holy Matrimony
 Sacrament of Holy Orders
Sacrament of Holy Matrimony
 Ministers: The Couple
 Matter: The Exchange of Consent
 Form: “I do”
 Origin; Jesus said: “A man will leave his father and mother and they will become one flesh.” (Matthew
19:5)
 Christians joined through this sacrament can never be separated.

Christian can only be married once

Sacrament of Holy Orders

 Minister: Bishop
 Matter: Imposition of Hands
 Form: “We ask you, all powerful Father, give these servants of yours the dignity of the presbyterate.
Renew the spirit of holiness within them. By giving your divine gift may they attain the second order
in hierarchy and exemplify right conduct in their lives.”
 Origin: Jesus instituted this sacrament during the Last Supper wherein the apostles were made the
first priests.
There are 3 kinds of ordinations; Diaconal, Presbyterial and Episcopal

Advance Lesson: 7 Gifts of the Holy Spirit

 Wisdom – capacity to love spiritual things more than material ones.
 Understanding – capacity to understand the truths of the faith in an easy and deep way.
 Counsel – capacity to discern correctly and immediately the will of God.
 Strength – capacity to be strong in fulfilling the will of God in moments of trails.
 Knowledge – capacity to appreciate every creature in relation to its creator.
 Piety – capacity to love God with all our heart and love our neighbor as our self.
 Fear of the Lord – capacity to respect the majesty of God and to be sacred of sin.