Time and Work

General Concept:

Formulas and Quick Tricks for Time and Work

No.-1. If 1/n of a work is done by A in one day, then A will take n days to complete the full work.

No.-2. If A can do a piece do a piece of work in X days and B can do the same work in Y days, then both of them
working together will do the same work in XY/(X+Y) days

No.-3. If A, B and C, while working alone, can complete a work in X, Y and Z days respectively, then they will
together complete the work in XYZ/(XY+YZ+ZX) days

No.-4. If A does 1/nth of a work in m hours, then to complete the full work A will take nxm hours

No.-5. If A and B can together finish a piece of work in X days, B and C in Y days and C and A in Z days, then

1. a) A, B and C working together will finish the job in (2XYZ/XY+YZ+ZX) days.

2. b) A alone will finish the job in (2XYZ/XY+YZ – ZX) days.
3. c) B alone will finish the job in (2XYZ/ZX+XY – YZ) days.
4. d) C alone will finish the job in (2XYZ/ZX+YZ – XY) days.

No.-6. If A can finish a work in X days and B is k times efficient than A, then the time taken by both A and B working
together to complete the work is X/(1+k).

No.-7. If A and B working together can finish a work in X days and B is k times efficient than A, then the time taken
by A working alone to complete the work is (k+1)X and B working alone to complete the work is (k+1/k)X

Q1. Anil can do a job in 10 days. Babu can do the same job in 5 days. In how many days
they can complete the job if they work together?
1. 6 days
2. 3.33 days
3. 7.25 days
4. 7.5 days
5. None of these
Ans: 3.33 days
Solution:
Anil can do a job in 10 days,
So efficiency of Anil = 100/10 = 10%
Similarly, Babu’s efficiency = 100/5 = 20%
Combined efficiency of Anil + Babu per day becomes = 20 + 10 = 30%

Now, we have to find out the number of days taken by both Anil and Babu to do 100%
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work,
Since they can do 30% wok in 1 day,
So, they will 100% work in 100/30 = 3.33 days
NOTE: Efficiencies get added directly!

Q2. Anil and Babu can do a job in 8 days. Babu and Charan can do the same job in 12
days. Anil, Babu and Charan can do the job in 6 days. In how many days Anil and
Charan can complete the job?
1. 6 days
2. 8 days
3. 10 days
4. 12 days
5. None of these
Ans: 8 days
Solution:
Anil and Babu can do a job in 8 days
∴ Combined efficiency of Anil + Babu = 100/8 = 12.5% ……………………………………...(1)
Similarly, combined efficiency of Babu + Charan = 100/12 = 8.33%..........................(2)
Similarly, combined efficiency of Anil + Babu + Charan = 100/6 = 16.66%................(3)
So now, if we want to calculate the efficiency of Anil and Charan together, we need to
first calculate the individual efficiency of Anil and Charan.
So we first deduct equation 1 from equation 3 to get the efficiency of Charan. Then we
deduct equation 2 from equation 3 we will get the efficiency of Anil.
Let’s calculate the efficiency of Charan = (Anil + Babu + Charan) – (Anil + Babu) =
16.66 – 12.5 = 4.16%
In the same way, we calculate the efficiency of Anil = 16.66 - 8.33 = 8.33%

So, combined efficiency of Anil and Charan = 8.33% + 4.16% ≈ 12.5%

∴ They need = 100/12.5 = 8 days
So they can complete the job in 8 days.

Exercise
1) Three are three friends Tom, Jack and Mack, working alone they can complete a piece of work in 20,
30 and 40 days respectively. When all three of them will work together they will complete the work in
how many days?

2) Three are three friends Tom, Jack and Mack, working alone they can complete a piece of work in 20,
30 and 40 days respectively. All three of them started working together and worked for 4 days, and
after fourth day Mack left. So the remaining work will be completed by Tom and Jack in how many
days?

3) Three are three friends Tom, Jack and Mack, working alone they can complete a piece of work in 20,
30 and 40 days respectively. Tom started the worked and worked for 5 days and then after five days
Tom leaves and Jack started to work and he worked for 10 days and then he also leave. The work left
will be completed by Mack working alone in how many days.

4) Three are three friends Tom, Jack and Mack, working alone they can complete a piece of work in 20,
30 and 40 days respectively. Starting for first day Tom work on all the 8days, Jack will join 5 days after
start of the work while Mack will join 4 days after Jack has joined. So the entire work would be
completed in how many days. 2
 5) Jim and Adam working alone can complete a piece of work in 30 and 50 days respectively. While
David working alone can demolish the same work in 60 days.
If all three of them work together then the entire work will be completed in how many days?

6) Jim and Adam working alone can complete a piece of work in 30 and 50 days respectively. While
David working alone can demolish the same work in 60 days. Jim and Adam started the work and
worked for 6 days and then after 6 days David also joined them, the work will be completed in how
many days?

7) Jim and Adam working alone can complete a piece of work in 30 and 50 days respectively. While
David working alone can demolish the same work in 60 days. Jim started the work and worked for 10
days, after 10 days Adam also joins him and they together worked for another 5 days and were then
joined by David. The work will be completed in how many days?

8) Jim and Adam working alone can complete a piece of work in 30 and 50 days respectively. While
David working alone can demolish the same work in 60 days.
Jim and Adam started the work and worked for 3 days and then after 3 days David also joined them,
the work will be completed in how many days?

9) 5 man and 10 women can complete a piece of work in 8 days, while 3 men and 9 women can complete
the same work in 12 days. In how many days can 10 women complete the job?

10) Tom is twice as fast as Jim, and can complete the work in 50 days less then Jim. If both of them work
together they will complete the work in how many days?

11) Ram can do a job in 10 days, bob 30 days and tom in 40 days. If tom is helped by ram and bob every 4th
day, how long will it take for them to complete the job?

12) 5 men and 7 women can do a job in 6 days, 8 men and 9 women can do same job in 4 days. Find the
time required for 1 man and 1 woman to complete the job?

13) In a camp there is food for 150 people for 45 days. After 10 days, 25 people leave the camp. How long
will the food last for the remaining people?

14) 5 men and 2 women can finish a job in 6 days. 5 boy and 3 women can finish a job in 7 days. So 2 boys,
2 men and 2 women can complete it in how many days?

15) 10 women can finish the work in 10 days. After each day one women is replaced by a men or a boy
alternatively starting with a men. Men are twice efficient and boy is half efficient as women. In how
many days will the job complete?

16) 4 pipes can fill the tank in 15, 20, 30 and 60 hours respectively working alone.
The first is opened at 6:00 Am., second at 7:00 am, third at 8:00 and fourth at 9:00 am respectively.
At what time the tank will be filled?

17) 6 workers take 10 hours to complete a work, when working together at the same rate. All six workers
start the job together at 1:00 pm on a particular day, and then each worker per day is added starting
from 7:00pm.At what time the work would be completed.

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 Solutions:
1) Let total work be LCM (20, 30, 40) = 120 units.
So rate of Tom = 6 units/ day.
So rate of Jack = 4 units/ day.
So rate of Mack = 3 units/ day.
So working together they can complete 13 units in one day.
That means 120 units can be completed in 120/13 = 9 7/13 days.

2) Let total work be LCM (20, 30, 40) = 120 units.

So rate of Tom = 6 units/ day.
So rate of Jack = 4 units/ day.
So rate of Mack = 3 units/ day.
So working together they can complete 13 units in one day.
In 4 days all three of them working together would have completed 13 * 4 =52 units.
So remaining work = 120 -52 = 68 units.
Which is to be completed by Jack and Mack.
So 68 units will be completed be them in 68/7 = 8 5/7 days.
So the total work will be completed in 12 5/7 days.

3) Let total work be LCM (20, 30, 40) = 120 units.

So rate of Tom = 6 units/ day.
So rate of Jack = 4 units/ day.
So rate of Mack = 3 units/ day.
So working together they can complete 13 units in one day.
In 5 days Tom will complete 6 * 5 = 30 units of the work.
So the remaining work is 120 – 30 = 90 units.
In next ten days Jack will complete 40 units of the work, working at the rate of 4 units/day.
Now the work left is 120 -30 – 40 = 50 units, which is to be completed by Mack alone working at the rate
of 3 units per day in 50/3 = 16 2/3 days.
So the left work will be completed by Mack alone in 16 2/3 days.

4) Let total work be LCM (20, 30, 40) = 120 units.

So rate of Tom = 6 units/ day.
So rate of Jack = 4 units/ day.
So rate of Mack = 3 units/ day.
In 5 days Tom will complete 5 * 6 = 30 units of the work.
So for next 4 days Tom and Jack will together and will complete 10 * 4 = 40 units of the work.
So the remaining work will be 120 – 30 -40 = 70 units.
This is to be completed by all three of them working together in 70/13 = 5 5/13 days.
So the entire work will be completed in 5 + 4 + 5 5/13 = 14 5/13 days.

5) Let total work be LCM (30,50, 60) = 300 units.

So rate of Jim = 10 units/ day.

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 So rate of Adam = 6 units/ day.
So rate of David = -5 units/ day.
So working together they can complete 11 units in one day.
So working together work will be completed in 300/ 11 = 27 .27 days.

6) Let total work be LCM (30,50, 60) = 300 units.

So rate of Jim = 10 units/ day.
So rate of Adam = 6 units/ day.
So rate of David = -5 units/ day.
In 6 days Jim and Adam will complete 16 * 6 = 96 units of the work.
So the remaining work is 300 – 96 = 204.
Now all three of them working together they can complete 11 units in one day.
Which will be completed by all three of them working together in 204/11= 18 6/11 days.

7) Let total work be LCM (30,50, 60) = 300 units.

So rate of Jim = 10 units/ day.
So rate of Adam = 6 units/ day.
So rate of David = -5 units/ day.
In 10 days Jim will complete 10 * 10 = 100 units of the work.
So the remaining work is 300 – 100 = 200.
Now Jim and Adam will work together for 5 days and will complete 16 * 5 = 80 units of the work.
Now the left work will be 300- 100 – 80 =120 units.
This 120 units of the work will be completed by all three of them working together in = 120/ 11 = 10
10/11 days.
So the total time taken to complete the work = 10 + 5 + 10 10/11 = 25 10 /11 days.

8) Let total work be LCM (30,50, 60) = 300 units.

So rate of Jim = 10 units/ day.
So rate of Adam = 6 units/ day.
So rate of David = -5 units/ day.
In 3 days Jim and Adam will complete 16 * 3 = 48 units of the work.
So the remaining work is 300 – 48 = 252.
Now all three of them working together they can complete 11 units in one day.
Which will be completed by all three of them working together in 252/11= 22 10/11 days.
So working together work will be completed in 3 + 22 10/11 = 25 10/11 days.

9) Let one day work of one man and one woman be m and w respectively.
So 5m + 10w = 1/8 ....................1
And 3m + 9w = 1/12 ................... 2
Multiply the 1 by 3 and 2 by 5
We will get 15m + 30w = 3/8
And 15m + 45w = 5/12
So 15w = 1/24
So w = 1/360

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Or 10 w = 1/36 i.e. 10 women can complete the work in 36 days.

10) If Jim can complete the work in t days.

Tom who is twice as efficient as Jim can complete the work in t/2 days or 50 days less then the time
taken by Jim to complete i.e. (t - 50) days.
So t/2 = t – 50
Or 3/2 t = 50 i.e. t =100/3 days.
So Jim can complete the work in 100/3 days and Tom can complete in 100/6 days.
So working together they can complete the work in 3/100 + 6/100 =9/ 100
So reciprocal of this i.e. 100/9 = 11.11 days

11) Let the total work be lcm ( 10,30,40)= 120 units.

So rate of Ram = 12 units/day
So rate of bob = 4 units/day
So rate of tom = 3 units/day
Work done by tom in 3 days = 9 units.
Work done in fourth day = 12 + 4 + 3 = 19 units.
So in 4 days 19 + 9 = 28 units.
So in 16 days = 28 * 4 = 112 units.
8 units will be done by tom in 2 2/3 days.
So total days taken = 18 2/3 days.

12) So 5x + 7y=1/6
And 8x + 9y =1/4
Solving these two we get, x= 3/132 and y=1/132.
So 1 men and1 women can complete 3/132 +1/132 = 4/132 = 1/33 of work in one day.
So total days required to complete the work is 33 days.

13) Let total food be for 50 * 45 man days.

Food finished in 10 days = 150 * 10 man days.
So food left = 150 * 35 man days.
Remaining people =125.
They will finish it in = 150 * 35 /125 = 42.

14) 5 men and 2 women can finish a job in 6 days.

So their one day work is 1/6
5 boy and 3 women can finish a job in 7 days.
So their I day work is 1/7
Adding ( 5m + 2w + 5w + 3w ) their one day work = 1/6 + 1/7 = 13/42
So (5m +5w +5b) their one day work = 13/42
So (2m +2w +2b) their one day work = 13/42 * 5/2 = 13/105
So time taken by (2m +2w +2b) to complete the work is 105/13 days

15) Let total work is = 100 man days.

Let one day work of one woman is 1 units.

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 Let one day work of one man is 2 units.
Let one day work of one boy is 1/2 units.
On first day 10 unit is work is complete.
On the second day 11 units of work is complete.
On the third day 10.5 units of work is complete.
On the fourth day 11.5 units of work is complete.
On the fifth day 11 units of work is complete.
On the sixth day 12 units of work is complete.
So summation of each of the two gives 21 + 22 + 23 + 24 = 90
4 such pairs do the work is done on 4 * 2 +1 =9 days.

16) Let the time taken to fill the tank be t hours after 6 am.
So t/15 + t-1/20 t-2/30 + t-3/60 =1
4t + 3(t – 1) + 2(t-2) + (t-3) = 60
10t = 70
So t = 7 hours after 6:00am i.e. at 1:00pm.

17) 6 workers take 10 hours to complete a work, when working together at the same rate. All six workers
start the job together at 1:00 pm on a particular day, and then each worker per days is added starting
from 7:00pm.At what time the work would be completed.
Let the total work = 6 * 10 =60 man hours.
In 6 hours from 1:00pm to 7:00pm total work completed= 36 units.
So the remaining work = 24 units.
One extra unit per hour would be completed post 7:00 pm as one extra person has started joining.
So work done after 8: 00 pm is 7 units, after 9:00 pm is 8units and after 10:00pm is 9 units.
So the work will be completed at 10:00pm.