21.

5 Regularisation of the Monopole Field 49 1

have E, = 0. We maintain, of course, B, = V x A, and see, that changes

ensue. First we replace in A of Eq. (21.20) r by d m and expand the
expressions up to the leading contributions in powers of e 2 . With this we
obtain
r(r-z)
(21.24)

These expressions seem to be singular at r = z . But consider once again the

starting expressions, by taking for instance, the 2-component of A,:

This expression is regular at r = z. We avoid these problems in the fol-

lowing by replacing the factor ( r - z ) where it seems to be problematic, by
( d r v- 2). With this we calculate the components of B, = V x A, and
obtain

EX -
4n r3

POCQ Y
4n r3

(21.25)

We now see that the z-component displays an additional contribution of the

order of c2, i.e. a B-field along the string. We have a closer look at this
expression, i.e. at
4 2 r -z)
w,:=
r3(J;."ts" - 2)2'
in which we replaced ( r - z ) as explained above. We choose a point zo > 0

-
along the z-axis and explore the behaviour of w, in its neighbourhood, i.e.
around r zo. First we have with p2 = x 2 y2 +