Structure Form 2

1. _______ an expression of the fact that people try to define positions, the duration of intervals,
the speed of changes.
A. For time
B. Time is
C. The time
D. It is the time
2. The award was named for Elmore R. Chatham _____ the Society as the Mid-Atlantic Zone
Director from 1987 to 1994
A. whose serving
B. which she served
C. whoever served
D. who served
3. For any algorithm that does not satisfy a certain rule, a mathematician can derive a new
alogarithm that makes a member of misses on any sequence _____ the number of misses of the
original alogarithm
A. no more large
B. no larger than
C. not larger
D. which no larger
4. The Yankee had faith in the aristocracy, _____ the nobles oppressed them by over taxing and
stealing their lands
A. Whether
B. Which
C. Even though
D. As well ass
5. Although important environmental legislation was enacted in the early 1980’s, only toward the
end of the decade ____ undertaken at environmental management.
A. Were serious attempts
B. When serious attempts were
C. As serious attempts were
D. Then serious attempts were
6. Because children’s play reflects their own cultural values and customs, ____ is especially
important that play therapy techniques be is accordance with the values and traditions of
culturally diverse children
A. and
B. It
C. what
D. that
7. Excessive protein intake may cause the kidneys ____ higher level of calcium in the urine
A. are produces and excerted
B. to produce and excrete
C. produce and excrete
D. they produce and excerte
8. The higher _____ in organism, the more difficult it is for them to achieve a community of perfect
communication
A. The level of complexity
B. Complexity level
C. Leveling of complexity
D. Complexity is level
9. _____, Aristotlee and burke were not idealist
A. That they believed in universal ideals
B. Universal ideals which they believed in
C. Universal ideals that were believed
D. Although they believed in universal ideals
10. Religious institutions played an important part in building a civic society that had only begun to
emerge at the time ____ broke out.
A. The war which
B. That the war which
C. And the war
D. The war
11. not only ____ interrupt the learning process, but it also affect the social relationships between
the classroom and the outside world
A. does using networked devises in classroom interrupt
B. using networked devises in classroom interrupt
C. the using networked devises in classroom does interrupt
D. interrupt the using networked devises in classroom
12. Janos kornai found that historic movements resemble ____ rather than a straight line.
A. To be a pendulum
B. As a pendulum
C. A pendulum
D. Being a pendulum
13. Historical records reveal _____ found abundant in the past have become progressively scarcer
over the last century.
A. That heavily fished species
B. Heavily fished species that
C. That heavily fished species are
D. There are heavily fished species
14. Experiments showed that participants **** reported heavy consumption were **** likely _____
a wide range of personal negative consequences than those who did not consume heavily.
A. Experiencing them
B. To experience
C. Experience
D. Experience those
15. The crumbine award is ____ that a public health agency can receive for excellence and
improvement in food protection.
A. The recognition most prestigious that
B. A prestigious recognition that most
C. Most prestigious recognition
D. The most prestigious recognition
16. Kitty kelley is the author of eight books, five of they are number one new york times bestseller
17. D
18. D
19. D
20. When the cost of technologies are high, their share in total investment is small, but as their
share rises their costs are reduced to levels more comparable to that of fossil fuels.
21. Theories on grammatical competence suggest that if a doctor can use grammar construct
meaning, then the individual has a degree of grammatical competence.
22. Decision aids increased patient’s involvement, helped them understand the implications and
risks involved and improved (the) patient-clinician relationships.
23. Marketers of soil prochiets of any sort must have product of quality consistent.
24. The martin luther king, , Jr. project at stanford University maintains considerably information on
the civil fights leader
25. Cross-border smuggling circumvents pakistan’s customs duties and sales tax with consequence
impacts on revenue collection and the undercutting of local producers.
26. The blue nile, is the foremost tributary, descends from highlands and is affected by high
seasonal fluctuations.
27. Introduction (introduced) in 2005 and rated at 100 MW, the LMS100 is the first modern
production electric power gas turbine to have an intercooler.
28. Howard hinterhuer is a cedarburg, wisconsin-based freelance writer specialized in design,
engineering, and construction related topics
29. For humanists, the highest value is harmony coexistence between humans and nature.
30. Paleontologist have assembled a picture of the global distribution of devonian tetrapods, as well
as the extent of its diversity, that was unthinkable even a decade ago
31. Through a technique known as packet switching, which in large amounts of data can be reduced
to smaller units, each traveling independently through the internet.
32. Darwin’s theory of evolution, together with the monumental amount of supporting evident he
compiled to demonstrate its validity, provides our modern culture with a coherent scientific
explanation for the diversity of life on this planet
33. Studies have found that, compare (compared) to men, women commit fewer offense over their
lifetime, commit fewer violent crimes, and have a shorter criminal career.
34. Corn and the ethanol produces from it have fueled both cars and a debate over whether corn
farming offers (more) environmentally sound replacement from petroleum drilling
35. Effective communication between peers is barred by nasty, cruel games that involve gossip,
betray (betrayal) and lies during which friendships are broken irreparably
36. Households located in urban areas were likely more to adopt clean fuels compared with (to)
similar households in rural areas.
37. A few states now require graduating education majors to pass at least one standardized
competence test before they can get their teaching certification.
38. One lab study found that both eating while watch (watching) TV and eating with friends
boosted calorie intake to a similar degree, compared to eating distraction-free
39. Genetic engineering is just another tool to develop organism with novel traits, whether it is the
size of an car of corn or the disposition of a dog.
40. Compensatory education is defined as containing courses to assisting (to assists) students in
making up for academic deficiencies possessed at the time of initial collage enrollment.
Reading Form 2
In the 1920s, movie palaces rose up around the country like to many people into a glamorous
world. After you bought a ticket, you might pass through gilded archways and ascend a grand staircase
lighted by a crystal chandelier to find your velvet seat. Fating was not mean to be part of experience,
says andrew F. Smith, author of “popped culture : A social history of popcorn in america,” theater
owners teaters owners feared that audience would strew popcorn and peanuts on those crimson
carpets. They hung sings discouraging people from bringing in food from vendors parked outside and
didn’t sell it themselves.
A widow named julia braden in kansas city, missouri, was one of the the rareconcessionaires
who managed to talk her way inside. She persuaded the linwood theaters to let her set up a stand in the
lobby and eventually built a popcorn empire. By 1931, she owned stands in or near four movie theaters
and pulled in more than $14,400 a year – the equivalent of $336.000 in today’s dollars. Her business
grew even in the midst of the depression, at the same time that thousands of elegant theaters went
bust.
According to smith, it’s impossible to establish who sold the first box of movie popcorn. For
decades, vendors operated out of wagons parked near theaters, circuses and ballparks, selling a variety
of snacks. But Braden seems to have been among the first to set up concessions linked to movie houses
and to pioneer a new business strategy; the money was in popcorn, not ticket sales. That’s still true
today. Movie theaters reap as much as 85 percent of their profits from concession sales.
In the mid-1930s, a manager named R.J McKenna, who ran a chain of theaters in the west,
caught on to this idea. An old man selling popcorn outside one of McKenna’s movie houses amassed
enough money to buy a house, a farm and a store, McKenna installed a popcorn machine in the lobby
and collected the proceeds as much as $200,000 in 1938. With that kind of money rolling in, who cared
about the rugs? McKenna lowers the price of tickets just to draw more people to his concession stand.
By the 1940s, most theaters had followed suit, and soon the smell of melted butter wafted through
lobbies. One entrepreneur of the era offered the following advice : “find a good popcorn location and
build a theater around it”

1. what is the main idea of the passage?

A. The development of popcorn 3. The pronoun “they” in line 6 refers to
B. History of popcorn in early movie A. Carpets
C. Popcorn business in america B. Audiences
D. Influence of popcorn to movie C. Theater owner
industry D. Popcorn and peanuts
2. Why were people not allowed to bring 4. The words “pulled in” in line 11 is closet
food to the theaters in the 1920s? in meaning to
A. Theaters were extravagant palace A. Strain
at the time B. Took
B. Theaters were not appropriate C. Raised
places for eating D. Tugged
C. Food could harm theaters 5. How much julia barden collected from
properties her business by 1931
D. Eating while watching was bad for A. $14.400
health B. $200.000
 C. $336.600 9. The word “amassed” in line 21 is closet
D. $350.400 in meaning to
6. Why does the aouthor mention “the A. Gathered
money was in popcorn, not in ticket” in B. Spent
paragraph 3 C. Gave
A. To provides information about the D. borrowed
importance of popcorn for business 10. It can be inferred from the passage that
B. To indicate why braden sold McKenna sold the movie tickets
popcorn in movie theaters cheaper than before
C. To explain the new strategy used A. To lure more people to watch
in business movie in his theaters
D. To show how much the movies got B. To raise his popcorn sales
from the popcorn sales C. To follow what most theaters had
7. The word “reap” in line 18 is closet in done
meaning to D. To match the popularity of popcorn
A. Cut 11. The word “draw” in line 24 is closet in
B. Obtain meaning to
C. Provide A. Oblige
D. Harvest B. Design
8. Which of the following in NOT true C. Help
about R.S. McKenner? D. Attract
A. He owned many theaters 12. The prounoun “it” in line 26 refers to
B. He owned ticket price to draw more A. Location
people to his theaters B. Theater
C. He got a lot of money by selling C. Enterpreneur
popcorn in theaters D. advice
D. He collected money to buy a house
 Scientists and drug companies have for decades exploited the microbes natural arsenal, often by
mining soil samples, and discovered lifesaving antibiotics like penicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline,
as well as some powerful chemotherapy drugs for cancer. But disease-causing organism have become
resistant to many existing drugs, and there has been a major obstacle to finding replacements, the
scientists said that about 99 percent laboratory conditions.
An unusual method for producing antibiotics may help solve an urgent global problem; the rise
in infection that resist treatment with commonly used drugs, and the lack of new antibiotics to replace
ones that no longer work. The method, which extracts drugs from bacteria that live in dirt, has yielded a
powerful new antibiotic. It has the potential to unlock a trove of natural compounds to fight infections
and cancer – molecules that were previously beyond scientist reach because the microbes that produce
them could not be grown in the laboratory.
The new antibiotic, teixobactin, was tested in mice and easily cured severe infections, with no
side effects. Teixobactin is the most promising candidate isolated from 10.000 strains of bacteria that
the research screened in test tubes, it killed various types of staph and strep, as well as anthrax and
tuberculosis. Tested in mice, it cleared strep infections and staph, including a strain that was drug-
resistant. it works against bacteria in a group known as “gram-positive,” but not against microbes that
are “gram-negative,” which include some that are major causes of drug-resistant pneumonia, gonorrhea
and infections of the bladder and bloodstream. Researchers were trying to modify the drug to make it
work against gram-negative infections. Teixobactin attacks bacteria by blocking fatty molecules needed
to build cell walls, which is different from the way most antibiotics work. Those molecules are unlikely to
change and make the microbes resistant. But if resistance does occur, it will take a long time to develop.
Eixobactin has not yet been tested in humans, so its safety and effectiveness are not known.
Studies in people will not begin for about two years. Those studies will take several years, so even if the
drug passes all the required tests, it will not be available for five or six years. If it is approved, he said, it
will probably have to be injected, not taken by mouth

13. According to the passage, scientists have undertaken all of the following method to find drugs to
fight diseases, EXCEPT
a. Using chemicals to treat or control a disease
b. Testing some powerful antibiotics extracted from soil to kill disease-causing organisms
c. Using drug that is used to kill harmful bacteria and to cure infections
d. Taking dirt samples to find microbes that can be used to produce new drugs

14. The word “resistant” in line 4 is closet in meaning to

a. Not affected
b. Very strong
c. Effective
d. Reluctant
15. it can be inferred from the passage that one of the paramaount issues faced by the world
A. too many harmful microbial species found in the human environment
B. not enough medicine supplies for all people in the world
C. the increase of disease causing organism withstanding the effects of antibiotics
D. the use of antibiotics for a long period is harmful for human and useful bacteria in human
body

16. why does the author mention the phrase “beyond scientists” reach in line 13?
A. To show that the molecules were located in high places
B. To explain that the scientist could not touch the microbes
C. To suggest that the scientist weren’t able to find the molecules they need
D. To describe that the scientists could not come to the laboratory

17. The word “screened” in line 17 is closer in meaning to

A. Examined
B. Safeguarded
C. Covered
D. Shielded

18. According to the passage what is the major causes of drug-resistant pneumonia, gonorrhea and
infections of the bladder and bloodstream?
A. Gram-positive
B. Gram-negative
C. Both gram-positive and gram-negative
D. Neither gram-positive and gram-negative

19. What differs teixobactin with other antibiotics?

A. It takes more time to develop teixobactin than other antibiotics
B. It cannot be tested in human
C. It is very safe and effective for human
D. It prevents the bacteria from forming layers around their cells

20. According to passage, teixobactin..

A. Can only be tested on mice
B. Has side effect on human
C. Will be available soon
D. Can be taken orally
 There’s something astonishing in every breath we take. People take oxygen for granted
because it’s just there and we breathe it all the time. But we have the only planet we know of
anywhere that has oxygen on it. What’s even more astonishing is that earth started out with an
oxygen-free atmosphere. It took billions of years before there was enough of the element to
keep animals and human alive.
Earth’s primordial air was made up mostly of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen.
The sun’s rays created some free oxygen disappeared almost as soon as it off from carbon
dioxide and other molecules. But the oxygen disappeared almost as soon as it was formed, it
formed bonds with a wide range of molecules. It attached to the iron in rocks, for example,
creating rust. It joined with hydrogen spewed out from volcanoes to form hydrogen peroxide
and other compounds. Our planet, in other words, was a giant oxygen vacum in its early years.
Earth’s atmosphere at that time period had only 0.03 percent of today’s oxygen levels.
By three billion years ago, some microbes had evolved the ability to carry out photosynthesis.
Floating at the surface of the ocean, they used energy from sunlight in grow on carbon dioxide
and water. They gave off oxygen as waste. Much of the oxygen released by these photosynthetic
microbes was sucked out of the atmosphere by the earth’s vacuum. When microbes died,
oxygen reacted with their carbon. But a tiny amount of oxygen remained behind because some
of the organic matter of the dead microbes sank from the surface of the ocean to the sea floor,
where oxygen couldn’t react with it. The oxygen remained in the air.
Oxygen remained fairly scarce for the next few hundred million years. But during that
time, the earth’s vacum was getting weak. The planet was cooling, and so its volcanoes spewed
less hydrogen into the atmosphere to suck up oxygen. This weak vacum drove a sudden climb in
oxygen about 2.3 billion years ago. When the earth has calmed down enough, the balance has
tipped in the favor of oxygen.
This oxygen boom may have added fuel to life’s fire. The extra oxygen in the
atmosphere attacked rocks exposed on land, freeing up phosphonus and iron to flow into the
ocean to act as fertilizer. The microbes bloomed even more, sending up even more oxygen.

21. what is the main idea of the passage

A. the origin of abundant earth’s oxygen
B. how human obtain oxygen
C. the importance of oxygen for animal and human life
D. earth’s oxygen in its early years
22. according to the passage, the oxygen in earth early years
A. was limited
B. was enough for all animals and humans
C. was free in atmosphere
D. did not exist
23. According to the passage, these elements were not needed in producing oxygen, except?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Methane
C. Nitrogen
 D. Hydrogen

24. According to the passage, why did the oxygen disappeared almost as soon as it was formed?
A. It sucked by the volcanoes
B. It reacted with other molecules
C. It was split by sun’s rays
D. It vanished in atmosphere
25. The word “release” in line 13 is closet in meaning to
A. Dismissed
B. Activated
C. Entired
D. Relieved
26. These all me about photosynthetic microbes EXCEPT
A. They gave off oxygen
B. They reacted with carbon when died
C. They needed water and carbon dioxide to grow
D. They lived on the seafloor
27. Why does the author mention “a giant oxygen vacuum” in line 10-11?
A. To explain that the earth absorbed the oxygen
B. To indicated that the earth just an empty planet
C. To show that the there was no air on earth
D. To suggest that earth was isolated from outside influences
28. The pronoun “they” in line 14 refers to
A. Microbes
B. Carbon dioxide and water
C. Oxygen levels
D. sunlight
29. It can be implied from the passage that when the earth was cooling
A. Hydrogen was belched out as before
B. The earth atmosphere was getting weak
C. The number of microbes increased
D. Less oxygen was produced
30. Where in the passage does the author mention about the evolution of the microbes
A. Lines 2-4
B. Lines 7-10
C. Lines 12-14
D. Lines 20-24
 Thick algal mats cover river bottoms are flourishing in our warmer world. Scientist call it
didymosphenia geminata, bit it’s more widely known as “rock snot”- mats of algae carpenting
the bottoms of some rivers and lakes – and it’s quickly spreading around the globe, possibly
becouse of climate change, a new study says. So far, scientist say its effects on the environment
are unknown, though they are concerned specifically about the impact on salmon. The mats can
cover up to 75 percent of a river bottom in some places. As the algae worldwide in recent
decades, including to new zealand. Ssouth america, and the united states, scientists theorized
that it was an invasive organism whose cells were hitchiking with people as they enjoyed the
outdoors
Joshua kurek, a biologist at queen’s university in ontario, canada, and his colleagues found that
didymo has been in rivers-at least in eastern canada-for nearly 200 years. Instead, kurek’s research
suggested that algae’s spread is intensifying prefers, including less ice cover and fewer nutrients.
For the study, kurek and colleagues analyzed sediment dating to 1970 that were taken
from two lakes near where rock snot was first discovered. The results were really telling – out of
the 20 sample that we analyzed, 19 of them had evidence of didymo. The team also found
evidence that didymo had exploded in one lake by 5,000 percent between 1970 and modern
times. Local air temperatures rose and ice cover on lakes and rivers shrank over the same time
periode. Becouse didymo doesn’t grow well in water that’s disturbed by constanly changing ice,
these conditions allowed it to bloom.
Hans pearl, an algae expert at the university of north carolina at chapel hill, said he agreed with
the team’s conclusions that rock snot is not invasive and is instead taking advantage of our changing
world. Climate change has opened up the habitats that diatoms as well as other algae can now thrive in.
in addition, less ice means that more sunlight reaches the diatoms, which allows the photosynthetic
organisms to grow even more. Rock snot will likely continue to spread as long as the world warms,
potentially causing problems for fish and other wildlife.

31. what does the passage mainly discuss? C. To describe the function of algae in
A. The growth of river algae boosted rivers and lakes
by climate change D. To explain how the didymosphenia
B. How to get rid of algae from water geminata spread
C. Study about algae from all over the 33. The word “they” in line 5 refers to
world A. Mats of algae
D. The effect of algae invasion on fish B. Rivers and lakes
and other wildlife C. Scientists
32. Why does the author mention the D. Effects
phrase “mats of algae carpeting the 34. The word “they” in line 9 refers to
bottoms of some rivers and lake” in line A. Scientists
3? B. Cells
A. To explain that algae can be used as C. People
a material to make carpet D. Algae
B. To provide further detail about 35. According to the passage, the scientists
rock snot assumed that the algae was spread by
 A. Human B. Didyamo grew rapidly after 1970
B. Wind C. Climate warming influence the
C. Salmon rapid spread of didymo
D. Water D. Didymo is an invasive organism
36. According to the passage, didymo 39. The word “thrive” in line 25 is closet in
flourishes well in meaning to
A. Hot water A. Flourish
B. Warm water B. Prosper
C. Cold water C. Expand
D. Ice water D. increase
37. The word “exploded” in line 18 is closet 40. it can be infferd from the passage that
in meaning to A. Dydimo has chlorophyll
A. Burst B. Rock snot can kill fish and other
B. Grew marine animals
C. Destroyed C. Algae is different from diatom
D. developed D. Ice prevent photosynthetic
38. According to the passage, kurek organisms to grow
suggests all of the following in his study
EXCEPT
A. Didymo has been in canada for
almost 2 centuries
 Starting in the mid-1990s, education advocates began making a simple argumens. National
education standars will level the playing field, assuring that all high school graduates are prepared for
first-year college classes or rigorous career training. While there are reasons to doubt that, the
movement took off in 2008, when the nation’s govenors and education commissioners drove a huge
effort to devise “world-class standards,” now known as the common core.
Although the goverrment didn’t craft the standards, it weighed in heavily, using some of the
$4.35 billion from the race to the top program to encourage states to adopt not only the common core
(in itself, a good thing) but also frequent, high-stakes testing (which is deeply unpopular). The
mishandled rollout turned a convertation about pedagogy into an ideological and partisan debate over
high-stakes testing. The misconception that standards and testing are identical has become widespread.
At least four states that adopted the common core have opted out. Republican govenors who intially
backed the standards condemn them as “shameless government overreach,” rebellions have also
sprouted in democratic-leaning states.
Last spring, between 55.000 and 65.000 new york state students opted out of taking tests linked
to the common core. Students are terrified by these tests because the results can jeopardize their
prospects for advancement and graduation, in new york, the number of students who scored
“proficient” plummeted by about 30 percentage points in 2013, the first year of testing. Some 70
percent scored below the cutoff level in math and english; the 2014 results in math were modestly
better, but the english language scores didn’t budge.
Many teachers like standards, because they invite creativity in the classroom – instead of
memorization, the common core emphasizes critical thingking and problem solving. But they complain
that test prep and test taking eat away weeks of class time that would be better focused on learning. A
gallup poll found that while 76 percent of teachers favored nationwide academic standards for reading,
writing and math, only 27 percent supported using tests to gauge students’ performance, and 9 percent
favored making test scores a basis for evaluating teachers. Such antaginism is well founded -
researchers have shown that measurements of the “value” teachers add, as determined by comparing
test scores at the beginning and of the year, are unreliable and biased againts those who teach both
low-and high-achieving students.

41. what is the best title for the passage?

A. American educatioan system
B. National education standard
C. Rage againts the common core
D. Misconception on standard and testing
42. The word “rigorous: in line 3 is closet in meaning to
A. Thorough
B. Exhaustive
C. Severe
D. Inflexible
43. Why did people oppose to the common core
A. Common core spend too much govermment’s money
B. Common core includes a high-stake testing
 C. The standard ignites a debate among states
D. Republican does not like the idea about common core
44. According to the passage which of the following is not true
A. The common core was set by the government
B. The implementation of the common core was funded by the government
C. There are more than four states that object to the standard
D. Not all states ruled by the democratic party accept the standard
45. It can be implied from the passage that
A. only teachers who think that the common core is good for students
B. students will not be able to graduate if they take the test
C. most of governors in united states agree that common core is unreliable
D. the common core will be well received if it is not associated with the test
46. The word “jeopardize” in line 18 can be replaced with
A. imperil
B. enforce
C. support
D. prevent
47. The word “plummeted” in line 19 is closet in meaning to
A. Went up
B. crashed
C. Drop down
D. Collapsed
48. The word “budge” in line 22 is closest in meaning to
A. Care
B. Change
C. Move
D. Fail
49. What aspect does the teachers support about the common core?
A. Learning
B. value
C. memorization
D. inventiveness
50. According to the passage which is true about the result of gallup poll
A. more than three-quarter of the teachers approves the implementation of the common core
B. more than one-fourth of the teachers object to use the test
C. nine percent of the teacher agree with the implementation of the test to measure
teachers achievement
D. twenty seven percent of the students supporting the test