CHAPTER-8

MAN :THE LIVING MACHINE

Cells tissue Organ Organ system

I. Define
a. Cells- The building blocks of our body.
b. Organ system- A group of organs that work together to do a similar kind of work, form
an organ system.
c. Digestion- The process by which food is changed into simpler forms.
d. Blood vessels- The tiny tubes in the body that carry blood.
e. Nerves- Thin, thread-like tubes that carry messages to and from the brain.

II. Write two examples for each of the following.

a. Organs of the digestive system

Ans. Food pipe and stomach

b. Organs of the respiratory system

Ans. Lungs and windpipe

c. Organs of the nervous system

Ans. Brain and Spinal cord

d. Body wastes

Ans. Urine and sweat

TEXT BOOK QUESTIONS

III. Answer these questions:

Q1. How are the sense organs connected to the brain?

Ans. The sense organs are connected to the brain through the nerves.

Q2. Is it right to keep the windows of our rooms closed all the time? Why?

Ans. No, it is not right to keep the windows of our room closed all the time because we need
to breathe in fresh air.

Q3. What does oxygen do inside our body?

Ans. The oxygen burns up the food we eat and gives us energy.

Q4. Which two organ systems help the body and its parts to move?

Ans. The skeletal system and the muscular system help the body and its part to move.

Q5. What is the function of reproductive system?

Ans. The reproductive system helps to produce babies. Due to this life on earth goes on.

HOTS QUESTION

Q1. Who wears the accessories shown here – a cricketer, a tennis player or an athlete? Why
do you think he wears these?

Ans. A cricketer wears the accessories shown. These are worn to protect the bones of hands,
legs, face and the skull from damage.

IV. Extra questions

Q1. What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Ans. The functions of the skeletal system are

i. It gives shape and support to our body.

ii. It also protects the inner body parts from getting injured.

Q2. Name and write the functions of the organs that make up the digestive system.

Ans. The digestive system consists of the mouth, food pipe, stomach, small intestine, large
intestine and anus. The functions of the organs are

Mouth- We take in food through our mouth.

Food pipe – Food passes down the food pipe.

Stomach – It is the organ where the food gets mixed with the digestive juices.

Small intestine -The nutrients in the digested food are absorbed by the blood.

Large intestine – The food which cannot be digested by our body goes into the large
intestine.

Anus- The undigested food is thrown out through the anus.

Q3. Explain the functions of the organs of the respiratory system.

Ans. The respiratory system consists of the nose, windpipe and lungs.
 The functions of the organs are

Nose- We take in air through our nose.

Windpipe- Air goes down the windpipe.

Lungs – The air reaches the lungs and the lungs expand (become big).

Q4. What makes up our circulatory system. Explain their functions.

Ans. The heart, the blood and the blood vessels make up our circulatory system.

Heart- The heart pumps blood to all organs of the body.

Blood vessels- These blood vessels carry the blood to all parts of the body.

Blood- Blood carries with its oxygen and absorbed food.

Q5. Name the organs that make up the excretory system. What does the excretory system
do for our body?

Ans. Kidneys, Urinary bladder and Urethra are the organs. The excretory system cleans our
body by throwing our body wastes such as urine and sweat.

H/W
Q1. Draw and label a diagram of
a) Digestive system (in front of extra Q no. 2)
b) Respiratory system ( in front of extra Q no. 3)