EXPERIMENT: 06

Title:

To find moment of inertia of a fly wheel rolling down an inclined plane.

OBJECTIVE:
1. To find moment of inertia.
2. To verify law of conservation of energy.

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND:
Law of conservation of energy:

 The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an

isolated system remains constant.
 It is said to be conserved over time.
 This law means that energy can neither be created nor destroyed; rather, it
can only be transformed or transferred from one form to another.
mgh=1/2mv2+1/2Iw2

“Energy is the ability to do work”

Basic forms of energy:

Kinetic Energy:
 The energy that appears in the form of an object’s motion.
KE = 1/2mv2
K.E=1/2mv2+1/2Iw2
 Some examples of kinetic energy include: sound, electrical, light…

Potential Energy:
 The energy that an object has as the result of its position or state.
P.E=mgh
 Some examples of potential energy include: chemical, elastic,
gravitational, magnetic.

Elastic potential energy:

 This is the energy an object has in it due to being deformed.
 Any object that can be deformed and then return to its original shape can
have elastic potential energy.
 Objects that this would apply to include things like rubber bands,
sponges, and bungee cords, among many others.
Elastic potential energy=-1/2kx²
 APPARATUS:
1. Rolling disc
2. Inclined plane
3. Level
4. Measuring tape

PROCEDURE:
1. First of all adjust the screws at lower side of inclined plane in order to
form some suitable slope.
2. Afterwards take a level and place on inclined plane in horizontal direction
in order to verify if the both sides of the plane are in level or not,
3. After removing any error in level of slope, measure length “L” of slope
and height “H1” of upper side of inclined plane from ground or table or
anywhere else it is placed. Also measure height “H2” of lower side
inclined plane from table.
4. Also find radius of disc with the help of measuring tape.
5. Now just leave the disc from “H1” and note the time with the help of
stop watch until it reaches “H2”.
6. Now find velocity “v” with the help of time and length known.
7. Also find angular velocity with the help of velocity and radius known
values.
8. Afterwards put all known values in formula of moment of inertia in order
to find its value.

OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS:

Mass of disc= 8.5lb = 3.85kg
Radius of disc= r = 7.5cm = 0.075m
Length of inclined plane =L= 83cm= 0.83m
Moment of inertia (actual)=I=0.688,1.0471,1.1177

S.No H1 H2 H=H2-H1 P.E v=2L/T K.E w=v/r Ith=πD4/64 % error

=mg(H) =1/2mv2 =(Ith-I)/I
*100
_ (m) (m) (m) (kgms-1) (ms-1) (kgm2s-2) (s-1) 2
(kgm ) _
1. 0.16 0.085 0.075 2.829 0.33 0.419 4.4 0.0000248 9.911

2. 0.16 0.09 0.07 2.641 0.26 0.260 3.46 0.0000248 9.625

3. 0.16 0.095 0.065 2.452 0.244 0.229 3.25 0.0000248 9.824

Precautions:

 Disc must not touch the sides of the inclined plane.

 Disc should roll down on its own weight.
 Try to minimize friction between the disc and inclined plane.

REFERENCES:
https://www.khanacademy.org/
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/pespr.html
https://tangkasanugerah.com/products/detail/tm-611-rolling-disk-on-inclined-plane

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP FOR EXPERIMENT: