Term in English Romanian Definition

equivalent
1. Attorney Avocat Someone that is qualified to represent
clients in court and to give them legal
advice.
2. Bailiff Funcționar Person who is in charge of security in the
administrativ court. Bailiffs are picked by sheriffs.

3. Barrister Avocat-pledant An English attorney who has an exclusive

right of argument in all superior courts.
4. Chambers Cameră A judge’s private room or office, usually
close to the courtroom so that the judge
can enter the court from back of the bench
and not encounter people on the way.
Judges hear some motions, discuss formal
legal problems like jury instructions, etc.
5. Civil process Proces civil Court papers that tell the people in a civil
case that it has started. Or papers that try
to force the court to reach a judgment.
6. Claim Plângere part of a patent application or
specification, which defines the matter for
which protection is sought in terms of
technical features
7. Claim form Cerere de chemare The form in which one party starts civil
în judecată proceedings.
8. Claimant Reclamant The party who makes a claim (formerly
known as plaintiff in England and Wales).
The term is used in the civil procedural
law of England and Wales.
9. Conveyancing Transfer de The legal process involved in transferring
proprietate the ownership of a house or land from the
seller to the buyer.
10. County court Judecătorie de A local court presided by a circuit judge.
circumscripție They hear major civil cases, fast-track
cases and handle bankruptcy and the
winding-up of companies. Divorce and
family cases are also handled there.
11. Court Judecătorie/ A judge or group of judges whose job is to
Instanță hear cases and carry out justice.
12. Court fee Taxă de stat An amount of money which may be
imposed upon a claimant in order to negin
a lawsuit or start a legal dispute resolution
case.
13. Criminal law Drept penal the body of law defining offences against
the community at large, regulating how
suspects are investigated, charged and
 tried, and establishing punishments for
convicted offenders
14. Defence in person Autoapărare To defend himself in person or through
legal assistance of his own choosing or, if
he has not sufficient means to pay for
legal assistance, to be given it free when
the interests of justice so require.
15. Defendant Pârât In a civil case, the person or company
being sued. In a criminal or traffic case,
the person accused of the crime.
16. Employment law Dreptul muncii An area of law that deals with
the legal rights
and duties of employers and employees
17. Expulsion Expulzare  the enforcement of the obligation to
return, namely the physical transportation
out of the Member State
18. Fair hearing Proces echitabil A hearing in which certain rights are
respected such as the right to present
evidence, to cross examine and to have
findings supported by evidence.
19. Family law Dreptul familiei The branch of law that deals with matters
relating to the family, such as divorce and
child custody.
20. Immigration law Dreptul străinilor/ The national statutes, regulations, and
Legislația privind legal precedents governing immigration
regimul străinilor into and deportation from a country.
21. Injury Prejudiciu A civil injury is any damage done to
person or property that is precipitated by a
breach of contract, negligence or beach of
duty.
22. Insolvency Insolvență An incapacity to pay debts upon the date
when they become due in the ordinary
course of business.
23. Intellectual property law Dreptul proprietății The laws designed to protect the rights of
intelectuale the owners and creators of intellectual
property, which includes inventions,
designs, and artistic works.
24. Judge Judecător An elected or appointed public official
with authority to hear and decide cases in
a court of law.
25. Judgement Hotărâre A decision by a court or other tribunal that
resolves a controversy and determines the
rights and obligations of the parties.
26. Landlord Proprietar/ gazdă/ A person who owns real property and
stăpân rents or leases it to another, called a
“tenant”
27. Law of contract Dreptul contractelor An agreement between private parties
creating mutual obligations enforceable by
law. The basic elements required for the
agreement to be legally enforceable
contract are: mutual assent, expressed by a
valid offer and acceptance; adequate
consideration; capacity; and legality.
28. Law of tort Dreptul răspunderii The area of the law that covers most civil
civile suits. 
29. Legal costs Cheltuieli de The costs of a court action; the judge
judecată decides which side should pay them, but
usually these costs are paid by the party
who lose the case.
30. Legal proceedings Acțiuni în instanță Any actions, suits, investigations,
procedings, judgements, rulings or orders
by or before any Authorized Authority.
31. Maternity leave Concediu de The time period when a woman is not at
maternitate work before and after the birth of her
baby. Her employer usually pays her for
part or all of the time that she is away.
32. Mediation Mediere The attempt to settle a legal dispute
through active participation of a third
party (mediator) who works to find points
of agreement and make those in conflict
agree on a fair result.
33. Merger Fuzionare The combination of two or more
companies, either by the creation of a new
organization or by absorption by one of
the others.
34. Opening statement Pledoarie Introduction to the case by the attorneys
introductivă for both sides at the beginning of the trial,
explaining will be proved during the trial.
Unlike a "closing argument," the opening
statement is supposed to be a factual
presentation and not an argument.
35. Partnership Parteneriat A business which a minimum of two
people own and control.
36. Pleading a case A pleda o cauză The act of representing a case in court, as
by a lawyer on behalf of his client.
37. Presumption of innocence Prezumția de A hallowed principle of criminal law
vinovăție that a person is innocent of a crime
until proven guilty. The government
has the burden of proving every
element of a crime beyond a
reasonable doubt and the defendant
has no burden to prove his innocence.
38. Real estate Proprietate Land, including the resources in and on it,
imobiliară and the buildings and permanent fixtures
attached to it.
39. Redundancy Disponibilizare/ A termination of employment because of
concediere the disappearance of the need for the job.
40. Relator A person who gives information upon
which the attorney general brings an
action.
41. Sick pay Plata pentru The amount of money that an employer
concediu medical must pay to an employee when that
employee is ill and cnnot work.
42. Sole practitioner Liber profesionist a lawyer who practices independently, in a
law firm that may include non-lawyer
support personnel but does not include
any other lawyers.
43. Solicitor Avocat-consultant An English attorney who may perform all
legal services, except appear in court.
44. Tenant Chiriaș A person who occupies real property
owned by another based upon an
agreement between the person and the
landlord/ owner, almost always for rental
payments.
45. To file/issue a claim A depune o To make a formal legal request for
cerere/reclamație money, for property,for damages or
for enforcement of a right. If such
demand is not honored, it may result
in a lawsuit.
46. To prosecute A urmări penal To proceed against a defendant by
charging that person with a crime and
bringing him or her to trial.
47. Unfair dismissal Concediere ilegală A termination of the employment of a
worker for a reason that is not permitted
under statute.
48. Will Testament Most recent will of a deceased; the
instrument ultimately fixing the
disposition of real and personal property
at the testator's death.
49. Witnesses Martori Individuals who provide evidence in legal
proceedings before a tribunal. Persons
who give testimony under oath in court,
concerning what they have seen, heard, or
otherwise observed
50. Writ Ordonanță A written order of a judge requiring
specific action by the person or entity to
whom the writ is directed.