LEEA Correspondence Courses

ASSIGNMENT 1.4

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1. The finish of hot rolled steel sections is known as:

  Blue
  Brown
# Black
  Bright

2. Rolling affects the crystal structure of the material by:

  Making it coarser
# Refining it and introducing a grain flow
  Making the crystals combine together
  Flattening the crystals into a sharp pointed needle like form

3. Cracks and laminations in prime steel sections:

# Significantly reduce the strength of the material, affected areas must be totally removed and scrapped
  Will run through all of the material from that batch so it must all be scrapped
  Will only occur on the surface and so can be easily detected
  Have no effect on the strength of the material as they run along the grain and so can be ignored

4. Drop forgings can be readily recognised by:

# The flash line resulting from the removal of excess material forced out of the dies during forging
  The bruising resulting from hammering
  The fact that they are always circular in cross section
  The gall marks caused by heating the steel prior to forging

5. Burning is a fault found on drop forgings, which can be recognised by:

  Cracks occurring, particularly on outside bends
  Surface laminations, known as gall marks
  Cannot be detected by eye
# A glazed appearance due to oxide penetration

6. Gall marks, cracks and similar defects are stress risers which may cause failure:
  Due to fatigue
# Due to the notch effect
  Due to a change in the materials grain structure
  Due to the formation of oxides at the materials surface

© Lifting Equipment Engineers Association 2011 - training\1-4e

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7. Iron and steel can be cast into the required finished shape, the most common method used is known as:
  Pattern casting
  Template forming
# Sand casting
  Metal pouring

8. A cold shut is a fault that can occur in castings due to:

  The mould being left too long before it is opened
  Sudden cooling of the casting
  The sections of the mould being assembled at low temperature
# Two molten streams of metal coming together at too low a temperature for them to fuse

9. The main fault found in components which have been subject to one of the cold metal cutting processes is:
  Cracks and laminations
  Porosity
# Dimensional errors
  Burning

10. The process of flame cutting steel is based on the fact that:
  Steel burns at a lower temperature than a gas and air mixture
# The oxide of steel melts at a lower temperature than steel
  Heat is spread over a wide area of the metal surface
  Oxygen present in the steel is released by heat

11. Flame cut components should not be used for highly stressed duties unless they are:
  Subsequently drop forged
# Machined away for a depth of at least 0.4mm to remove areas affected by carbon migration
  Assembled by welding so that the weld covers the cut face for a depth of at least 4mm
  Bolted into position

12. The finish of a flame cut edge is dependant on:

# The flame setting and its travel speed
  The type of gas used to provide the heat
  The carbon content of the steel
  The amount of oxygen in the flame

13. Manual arc welding is a process that uses:

  Atomic fusion
  Solder with a 60% lead content
# Flux coated filler rods
  Heat from a gas/air mixture

14. The term MIG welding refers to:

  Manually ignited gases
  Molten iron gouging
  Metal and iron groupings
# Metal inert gas

© Lifting Equipment Engineers Association 2011 - training\1-4e

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15. The type of weld shown in the illustration is known as:
  A butt weld
# A fillet weld
  A Tee weld
  A double Vee weld

16. The presence of excessive splatter, or splatter which cannot be easily wire brushed off, is a sign that:
# The weld may be porous
  That the weld has full penetration
  That the wrong filler rod/wire was used
  That the parent metal was incorrectly prepared

17. A form of resistance welding used in the manufacture of chain is known as:
  Atomic Hydrogen welding
# Flash butt welding
  Manual arc welding
  Oxy/acetylene welding

18. Heat treatment of steel works on the principle that:

# Temperature affects the chemical and physical composition of the grains
  Carbon is released to the atmosphere when steel is heated
  Steel has a higher tensile strength when hot
  At high temperature an oxide skin is formed which is harder than the parent metal

19. The most common form of heat treatment used in association with the manufacture of lifting gear is known
as:
  Annealing
  Normalising
  Stress relieving
# Hardening and tempering

20. When steel is hardened and tempered, the purpose of tempering is to:
  Improve its wear resistance
  Increase the hardness even further
  Increase its elongation
# Improve its toughness

© Lifting Equipment Engineers Association 2011 - training\1-4e

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